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Unit1 Where did you go on vacation
一、复合不定代词
不定代词
定义：不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。它代指的人或事物是不特定的。
比如： some, any, no, somebody, anyone, nothing, all, every, each, other, either, neither, both, half, many, much, few, little…
复合不定代词：some ,any, every ,no都能和one, body, thing一起构成代词，这些代词叫复合不定代词。它们的基本含义为：
(
后缀
前缀
-one
-body
-thing
-where
some-
someone
某人
somebody
某人
something
某物、某事
somewhere
某处
any
-
anyone
任何人
anybody
任何人
a
nything
任何事物
a
nywhere
任何地方
every-
e
veryone
每人
everybody
每人
everything
一切事物
everywhere
一切地方
none
no
one
没人
nobody
没人
nothing
没有什么，没有一件东西
nowhere
任何地方都不
)
2. 一般情况下，some构成的复合不定代词，其作用和some相同，用于肯定句；any构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句；no构成的复合不定代词表否定含义，用于否定句。
I have something to tell you. I didn’t do anything yesterday.
Everybody likes swimming. There is nothing wrong with your ears.
3. something可用于提建议或请求以及希望对方作出肯定回答的问句中。
Would you like something to drink
4.复合不定代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Everything begins to grow in spring.
Nobody knows his name.
5. 当形容词修饰复合不定代词时，该形容词必须放在复合不定代词的后面，即后置。
Is there anything important in today’s newspaper
6. none, nothing, no one的区别
None既可指人，也可指物，它只是指在一定范围内，代替上下文已出现过的名词；nothing表示“没有什么东西”，只能指物，不能指人，同时没有任何限制；no one一般用来指人，使用时不受一定范围的限制，后面一般不接介词短语。
How many books are there in your desk --- None.
What is in the bag ---Nothing.
Did anyone come to see me ---No one.
二、一般过去时
1. 含义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态
2. 公式：did（实义动词过去式代表）；was/were
3. 时间标志：yesterday, last+时间， 时间+ago，in+过去时间点
4. 动词变化规则: 1)
2)
3)
4)
5) 不规则：
5. 举例：
【小试牛刀】
Ⅰ.选择填空
(　　)1. —What are you going to give your mother for her birthday
—I think I’ll buy her 　　　　.
A. something special B. special something
C. anything special D. special anything
(　　)2.—What did you buy for your son at the supermarket
—I bought 　　　　, because I couldn’t find 　　　　he liked.
A.something; anything B.anything; something
C.nothing; anything D.something; nothing
(　　)3.—Morning, class. Is 　　　　here —No, sir. Tom isn’t here.
A.anyone B.everyone C.no one D.someone
(　　)4.—What did you do the day before yesterday
—I 　　　　for an English test.
A.study B.studied C.studying D.to study
(　　)5.—Will you see the film Avengers 4with us tonight
—No. I 　　　　it last week.
A.see B.have seen C.saw D.will see
(　　)6. —What did your sister buy for your mother on Mother’s Day
—　　　　. She made a card for her.
A.Nothing B.Something C.Anything D.Everything
(　　)7.—Who helped you clean the classroom yesterday
—　　　　. I did it by myself.
A.Someone B.Anyone C.Everyone D.No one
(　　)8.Yesterday the boys 　　　　to the park and 　　　　a good time.
A.go; have B.went; have C.went; had D.goes; has
(　　)9.I had no money and I couldn’t buy 　　　　for my parents.
A.nothing B.anyone C.anything D.something
(　　)10. [2020·盐城] —My mother said you went on a Silk Road trip last year.
—Yes, it 　　　　a wonderful trip.
A.is B.was C.will be D.were
II. 用方框中所给的单词填空
everyone, anyone, nobody, something, anything, nothing, everything
1.-Did 　　　　go hiking with you -Yes, my friends Tom and Dave went with me.
2.-Who helped you clean the window -　　　　. I did it myself.
3.-Is there 　　　　in the box -No, 　　　　is in it.
4.I think 　　　　wants to be healthy, wealthy and happy.
5.There is 　　　　wrong with the TV. It doesn’t work.
6.Do you have 　　　　new to tell me
7.There is 　　　　on the floor. Please pick it up.
8.Many people like money, but money is not 　　　　.
Ⅲ.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
1.Sorry, s　　　　 is wrong with my eyes. I can’t see the words very clearly.
2.I feel b　　　　 when staying at home with nothing to do.
3.She was not happy. It s　　　　 that something terrible happened to her.
4.We can keep d　　　　 in English to improve our writing skills.
5.Tom, you should take care of y　　　　 when you are alone at home.
Ⅳ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Can you help me, Mom I can’t finish the work by 　　　　(I).
2.I 　　　　(buy) a gift for my sister last vacation.
3.I listened but 　　　　(hear) nothing.
4.　　　　 he　　　　 (meet) anyone interesting last vacation
5.There are some baby 　　　　(pig) on the farm.
V.按要求完成下列各题,每空一词
1.She went to Japan a week ago. (改为一般疑问句)
　　　　 she 　　　　to Japan a week ago
2.Tom had great fun at the party.(改为否定句)
Tom 　　　　　　　　great fun at the party.
3.I can’t see anything in the dark.(改为同义句)
I can see 　　　　in the dark.
4.We fed some hens on the farm last Sunday. (对画线部分提问)
　　　　 　　　　you 　　　　on the farm last Sunday
VI. 语法填空
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The summer vacation is the best time for students. They can go outdoors 1. 　　(have) fun. They can go to different 2.　　　　 (place) to go sightseeing and enjoy the beauty of nature.
Eric is an 3.　　　　 (America) middle school student and he loves traveling a lot. He always travels in his own country. But during the last summer vacation he 4.　　　　 (do) something different. He was 5.　　　　 (interest) in Chinese history, 6.　　　　 he flew to Beijing and Xi’an for the vacation. He left home on July 12th and went back to New York 7.　　　　 　　
the last day of the month. He had a fantastic vacation. During the vacation, he visited many places of interest and went 8.　　　　 (shop). At night, he took walks to enjoy the night views or kept 9.　　　　 diary. He said, “10.　　　　 a wonderful vacation!”
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