资源简介 选择性必修四 Unit 2 Iconic AttractionsLearning About Language (2) Structures教学设计教学目标1.复习过去分词作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语,明白各种成分的内涵和用法。 2.在语篇中能精准识别过去分词所充当的成分,并根据不同语境灵活运用过去分词。教学内容教学重点: 通过例句的分析,引导学生总结过去分词作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语的规则;根据上下文准确分析过去分词所充当的成分,说明其作用和内涵。 教学难点: 如何引导学生根据上下文分析过去分词充当状语内涵并还原成完整表达。教学过程Lead-in Reread the passage on page 13 and 14 to find out sentences with past participles. 1. Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under”. (Para. 1) 2. I’m more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture, food, and way of life. (Para. 2) 3. The influence of Asian cultures, on the other hand, led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs, along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim. (Para. 3) 定义 过去分词(past participle)是分词的一种过去分词是一种非谓语动词,在句中不能单独做谓语。但它具有形容词和副词的特性,因此在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 观察例句 1.When the delayed flight will take off depends mainly on the weather. 2.The players selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honour in this summer's games. 3.Seen from the top of the Hill,the city was very beautiful. 4.He heard the door pulled. 5.He is married. [归纳用法] 1.例句1和例句2中的红色字体部分为过去分词(短语)作定语,过去分词一般位于所修饰的名词之前,而过去分词短语通常位于所修饰的名词之后。 2.例句3中的红色字体为过去分词短语作状语,说明动作发生的时间,用于句首较为常见。 3.例句4中的红色字体为过去分词作宾语补足语,说明宾语的性状。 4.例句5中的红色字体为过去分词作表语,表示主语的特征或性状。 一、过去分词作定语 1.过去分词作定语时,相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词。分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。 2.单个的过去分词作定语时,常常置于其所修饰的名词前;而过去分词短语作定语时,常常置于其所修饰的名词后。 3.过去分词及过去分词短语作定语一般可转换为一个定语从句。 4.有些过去分词作前置定语与后置定语时意义不同。 二、过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语,总是在系动词be,appear,seem,look,remain,feel,get等之后,通常表示主语所处的状态,这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词,是形容词化的过去分词。常见的有seated,surprised,astonished,amazed,moved,exhausted,worried,devoted,pleased,inspired,encouraged,excited,delighted,satisfied,scared,frightened,disappointed 等。 过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态;动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,强调动作。 The cup is broken.杯子破了。(强调杯子的状态) The cup was broken by Jim.杯子是吉姆打破的。(强调动作) 三、过去分词作宾语补足语 能用作宾语补足语的过去分词一般都是及物动词,表示被动意义或已完成意义,有时候两者兼而有之。作宾语补足语的过去分词与宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系,即宾语是过去分词动作的对象。在下面结构中常用过去分词作补语。 1.在感官动词(see,hear,notice,watch等)和表示心理状态的动词(feel,find等)后。 2.表示“致使”意义的动词,如have,make,get,keep,leave等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。 3.表示思维活动的动词,如consider,know,think等后可接过去分词作宾语补足语。 4.表示爱憎、意愿的动词,如want,wish,like,hate等。 5.在with的复合结构中。 四、过去分词作状语 过去分词作状语,修饰谓语动词,进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态,即动作发生时的背景或状况,其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语,且过去分词与主语之间为动宾关系。 过去分词(短语)表示被动,表示动作已经完成,其逻辑主语则为句子的主语。过去分词作状语时,可单独使用,也可以在其前面加上适当的连词,可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式、伴随等。 When offered help,one often says “Thank you” or “It's kind of you”.(时间状语) Given another chance,I will do it much better.(条件状语) Greatly inspired by what he did,I joined him in helping others.(原因状语) Visited many times,the place is still worth visiting again.(让步状语) He has been preparing his paper all day long,locked in the host.(方式状语) The guest walked into the room,greeted by the host.(伴随状语) 注意:现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别 现在分词与过去分词作状语的最主要的区别在于两者与其逻辑主语的主动与被动关系。 1.现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语发出的动作,它们之间是主动关系。现在分词动作与谓语动作同时发生用一般式doing;如果现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前,表示已经完成、表示主动就用having done,表示被动就用having been done。 Walking along the street,I met a friend of mine. Having finished their work,they went home to have a rest. 2.过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。 Given more attention,the tree could have grown better. Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast. 练习巩固 1._________(see) from the top of the TV tower, the city looks beautiful. (see) from the top of the TV tower, I found the city beautiful. 2. He once heard the song________(sing) in German. 3. Please keep us__________(inform) of the latest developments. 4.________(give) another chance, he would do much better.5. When I went in the clinic, I saw the patient__________(examine) by the doctor. 答案:Seen;Seeing;sung;informed;Given;examined Homework Finish some more exercise. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览