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新概念第一册 lesson 70 讲义
Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year is the most important festival for Chinese people all over the world. It is also called the Spring Festival or the Lunar New Year.
The exact date of the Spring Festival on the Western calendar changes from year to year. However, Chinese New Year takes place between January 1 and February 19.

On the Chinese calendar every year has an animal's name. These animals are the rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, ram1, monkey, rooster, dog and pig. A Chinese legend2 says that these twelve animals had a race. The first year was named after the rat, the winner. The other eleven years were named according3 to the order in which the animals arrived in the race. The clever rat jumped onto the ox's back, and then at the end jumped over the ox's head to arrive first!

The Chinese believe that a person born in a particular year has some of the characteristics5 of that animal.
lunar 月(亮)的
exact 确切的
calendar 日历
rat 鼠
ox 公 牛
rabbit 兔子
ram 公羊
rooster 公鸡
legend 传说
name after 按....命名
particular 特殊的 characteristic4 特征

春 节
对于全世界的华人来说，中国的新年是最重要的节日。人们也称它为春节或农历新年。
公历春节的确切日期每年都在变化。但是春节一般都在 1 月 1 日 到 2 月 19 日 之间。
在农历中，每年都有一个生肖。这些生肖是鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗和猪。据传说，这十二个动物举行了一次赛跑，第一年就以获胜者鼠命名，其他十一年就根据动物们到达终点的顺序命名。聪明的鼠跳在牛背上，在最后时刻跳过牛的头顶第一个到达终点！
中国人相信在某一年出生的人具有这一年生肖的一些特征
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1 ram
(random access memory)随机存取存储器
参考例句：
512k RAM is recommended and 640k RAM is preferred.推荐配置为512K内存，640K内存则更佳。
2 legend
n.传说；传奇故事
参考例句：
This is a popular legend.这是一个民间传说。
According to ancient legend,the river is a goddess.据古代传说，这条河是位女神。
3 according
adj.按照，根据
参考例句：
According to the Bible we are all the seed of Adam.根据《圣经》所说的，我们都是亚当的后裔。
We must cut our coat according to our cloth this year.今年我们必须学会量入为出。
4 characteristic
adj.特有的，典型的；n.特性，特征，特色
参考例句：
Bananas have their own characteristic smell.香蕉有其特有的香味。
Some animals possess the characteristic of man.有些动物具有人类的特征。
5 characteristics
n.特性，特征，特色，[数]（对数的）首数( characteristic的名词复数 )；独特性；性质
参考例句：
the textural characteristics of the rocks 岩石的纹理特征
Men have ascribed their own characteristics to their gods. 人们认为他们的特性属于诸神。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 A Teenager's Joke: Guidelines2 for Doing Schoolwork
My school had a policy about homework. Students should not spend more than ninety minutes per night doing homework. This is how I use the time for my work.
Fifteen minutes looking for assignment; Eleven minutes calling a friend for the assignment; Twenty three minutes explaining why the teacher is mean and does not like teenagers; Eight minutes in the bathroom; Ten minutes getting a snack; Seven minutes checking the TV Guide; Six minutes telling my parents that the teacher never explained the assignment; ten minutes sitting at the kitchen table waiting for Mom or Dad to do the assignment.
guideline1 指导方针 policy 政策 per 每
assignment 作业 mean 低劣的 snack 小吃 TV guide 电视指南
有关青少年的一则笑话——做作业的指导方针
我的学校有一项针对作业的政策。学生每天晚上做作业的时间不应该超过九十分钟。以下
就是我如何为完成作业而使用这九十分钟的。
花十五分钟找作业；
花十一分钟打电话向同学问作业；
花二十三分 钟抱怨 老师为什么总是那么讨厌，为什么不喜欢我们这些十几岁的孩子；
花八分钟在洗手间里；
花十分钟找小吃；
花七分钟查看电视节目预告；
花六分钟告诉父母，老师从没解释过所布置的作业；
花十分钟坐在餐桌旁等妈妈或者爸爸来做作业
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1 guideline
n.指导原则，指导方针，准则
参考例句：
They see the law only as a general guideline.他们视法律为一般的准则。
This is probably the most important interaction design guideline.这基本上是最重要的交互设计指导准则。
2 guidelines
n.指导方针，准则
参考例句：
The government has drawn up guidelines on the treatment of the mentally ill. 政府制订了对待精神病人的指导方针。
Planners seem a little uncomfortable with the current government guidelines. 规划师似乎不太接受现行的政府指道方针。
3 The Toad1 and the Frog
A toad saw a frog near the road. He was a fat old frog. He sat and moaned and groaned3.
The toad said, “Do not moan and groan2, Mr. Frog. Hop4 like me. Hop down the road.”
So the frog and the toad went down the road to a big oak tree.
“I am home,” said the toad. “Come in and I will make tea.”
But Mr. Frog said, in a deep croak5, “I must not roam far from home. I will be off to my home near the pond.”
toad 蟾蜍,癞蛤蟆
moan 呻吟
hop 跳跃
oak 橡树
croak 一种低而嘶哑的声音
癞蛤蟆和青蛙
一只癞蛤蟆在路边看到一只青蛙。那是只又胖又老的青蛙。他坐在那里呻吟叹息着。
癞蛤蟆说：“青蛙先生，不要呻吟叹息了。像我一样跳吧。沿着这条路跳。”
所以青蛙和癞蛤蟆一起沿着小路跳到一棵大橡树下。
“我到家了，”癞蛤蟆说，“进来吧，我来泡茶。”
但青蛙用低沉的声音说：“我不能在离家远的地方闲逛，我要回我在池塘边上的家。”
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1 toad
n.蟾蜍，癞蛤蟆
参考例句：
Both the toad and frog are amphibian.蟾蜍和青蛙都是两栖动物。
Many kinds of toad hibernate in winter.许多种蟾蜍在冬天都会冬眠。
2 groan
vi./n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音
参考例句：
The wounded man uttered a groan.那个受伤的人发出呻吟。
The people groan under the burden of taxes.人民在重税下痛苦呻吟。
3 groaned
v.呻吟( groan的过去式和过去分词 )；发牢骚；抱怨；受苦
参考例句：
He groaned in anguish. 他痛苦地呻吟。
The cart groaned under the weight of the piano. 大车在钢琴的重压下嘎吱作响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
4 hop
n.单脚跳，跳跃；vi.单脚跳，跳跃；着手做某事；vt.跳跃，跃过
参考例句：
The children had a competition to see who could hop the fastest.孩子们举行比赛，看谁单足跳跃最快。
How long can you hop on your right foot 你用右脚能跳多远？
5 croak
vi.嘎嘎叫，发牢骚
参考例句：
Everyone seemed rather out of sorts and inclined to croak.每个人似乎都有点不对劲，想发发牢骚。
Frogs began to croak with the rainfall.蛙随着雨落开始哇哇叫。
4 A was an apple pie
A was an apple pie A是一个苹果(APPLE)派
　　B bit it B咬了(BIT)一口苹果派
　　C cut it C切开(CUT)苹果派
　　D dealt it D来分发(DEALT)苹果派
　　E eat it E吃了(EAT)一块苹果派
　　F fought for it F为了一块苹果派而与人打斗(FOUGHT)
　　G got it G得到了(GOT)苹果派
　　H had it H也分到了(HAD)苹果派
　　I inspected it I来检查(INSPECTED)苹果派
　　J jumped for it J为得到了苹果派而欢蹦乱跳(JUMPED)
　　K kept it K保存(KEPT)起了苹果派
　　L longed for it L渴望(LONGED)得到苹果派
　　M mourned for it M因没得到苹果派而伤心落泪(MOURNED)
　　N nodded at it N对苹果派垂涎三尺(NODDED)
　　O opened it O打开了(OPENED)苹果派
　　P peeped1 in it P觊觎(PEEPED)苹果派
　　Q quartered it Q把个苹果派分成了四份(QUARTERED)
　　R ran for it R跑着(RAN)去抢苹果派
　　S sang for it S为苹果派而歌唱(SANG)
　　T took it T拿走了(TOOK)苹果派
　　U upset it U打翻了(UPSET)苹果派
　　V viewed it V审视着(VIEWED)苹果派
　　W wanted it W想得到(WANTED)苹果派
　　XYZ and & all wished for a piece in hand. XYZ和所有孩子一样都想分到一块苹果派
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1 peeped
窥视( peep的过去式和过去分词 )； 偷看； 隐现； 慢慢露出
参考例句：
The moon finally peeped out from behind the clouds. 月亮终于从云层后面露了出来。
At the examination he peeped at his neighbour's paper. 他考试时偷看了他邻座的卷子。
Homestay in the US
My name is Jenny and I did a homestay in America. When I first met my host mother, Mary, she gave me a big hug. I was really shocked because I had never been hugged before, and I was sure how to respond. By the time I left America, though, I came to enjoy hugging and being hugged. Shaking hands was also a challenge. My homestay father, Peter, looked at me straight in the eye and squeezed2 my hand firmly.
Both Mary and Peter wanted me to call them by their first names because they, as Americans, like informality. By using first names only, we felt friendlier towards each other.
homestay 家庭寄宿
host 东道主
hug 拥抱
shock 震惊
respond 回应
challenge 挑战
straight 直接地
squeeze1 挤压
firmly 紧紧地
informality 随意
在美国家庭寄宿
我叫珍妮，我在美国家庭寄宿。当我第一次见到我要寄宿那家的母亲玛丽时，她热情地拥抱了我。我确实感到非常震惊因为我从来没有被拥抱过，我不知道该如何回应。然而到我要离开美国时，我已经非常喜欢拥抱别人和被别人拥抱了。
握手也是个挑战。我寄宿那家的父亲彼特，直视着我的眼睛，紧紧地握我的手。
玛丽和彼特都希望我对他们直呼其名，因为美国人一般比较随意。通过直呼其名，我们互相之间感到更加亲切友好
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1 squeeze
vt.硬塞，硬挤；挤压；n.榨；经济困难；拮据
参考例句：
This machine helps you to squeeze more juice out.这台机器能挤出更多的果汁。
It was a tight squeeze in the crowded bus.公共汽车上载客太多，挤得很。
2 squeezed
squeeze（挤压）的过去式与过去分词
参考例句：
freshly squeezed orange juice 鲜榨橙汁
They squeezed too many people into the small room. 他们把太多的人塞进这间小房间里。

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