资源简介

Unit 4 Sharing
一、词汇派生
1.adjust vi.& vt.调整; (使)适合
→ adjustment n.调整; 适合
→ adjustableadj.可调节的
2.imagine vi&vt.想象
→ imagination n.想象; 想象力
→ imaginative adj.有想象力的
→ imaginary adj.想象中的
3.adapt v.适应; 改编
→ adaptation n.适应; 改编
4.donate vt.捐赠
→ donation n.捐赠
5.voluntary adj.自愿的; 志愿的; 无偿的
→ volunteer n.志愿者 v.自愿做
6.stable adj.稳定的
→ stabilityn.稳定性
7.commit v.犯罪; 把……交托给; 使……承担义务
→ committed adj.坚定的; 承担义务的
→ commitmentn.承诺; 许诺; 保证
8.disabled adj.残疾的
→ enable vt.使……能够
→ disable v.使……残疾或瘫痪
→ able adj.有能力的
9.second num.第二 n.第二名；第二类
→ secondary adj.中学的；次要的
10.dust n.沙土；灰尘 vi.& vt.擦灰
→ dusty adj.布满灰尘的
11.chemist n.化学家；药剂师；药房
→ chemistry n.化学
12.house n.住宅，房子vt.给……提供住房
→ housing n.住房；住宅
13.ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的
→ ripen vt.& vi.成熟，使成熟
二、一词多义
1.parcel n.包裹 vt.裹好；打包；分成若干部分
①I am going to take the parcel to the post office this afternoon.(n.包裹)
②The sales clerk parceled the customer's purchases.(vt.打包)
③They parceled out the land into small plots.(vt.分成若干部分)
2.mail n.邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给
①Don't forget to mail your mother the letter.(vt.邮寄)
②Please forward my mail to me.(n.邮件；信件)
③If we want to send something to another department，we use the mail system.(n.邮政)
3.shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
①These trees afford a pleasant shade.(n.阴凉处)
②This artist uses light and shade to good effect.(n.阴影部分)
③A big hat shades the eyes.(vt.给……遮挡(光线)
4.wrinkle vt.& vi.[(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起 n.皱纹]
①The old man's face is covered with wrinkles.(n.皱纹)
②She wrinkled her nose at the smell.(vt.皱起)
③The skin on her cheeks and around her eyes was beginning to wrinkle.[vi.(脸上)起皱纹]

三、知识要点
1.mail n.邮件；信件；邮政 vt.邮寄；发电邮给
I've just come out to mail some letters.
我刚出来要寄几封信。
I mailed him a letter yesterday.
昨天我给他邮去一封信。
[造句]在意大利寄一封信要多少钱？
How much does it cost to mail a letter in Italy
[知识拓展]
(1)mail sb.sth.＝mail sth.to sb.　给某人邮寄某物
mail out 邮寄出去
(2)by mail 以邮寄方式
①The shop mailed the book to me.
②The school said it would mail out acceptance letters on Tuesday.
2.chorus n.合唱曲；合唱团 vt.合唱；齐声说
Never before have I heard this song sung in chorus.
我从来没有听过这首歌的合唱。
The papers all chorused the praises of the President.
各报都异口同声地对总统表示赞扬。
[造句]观众齐声对他报以一阵热烈的掌声。
He was met with a chorus of applause from the audience.
[知识拓展]
a chorus of ...齐声；异口同声
in chorus 异口同声
“Hello，” they shouted in chorus.
The professor's speech was welcomed with a chorus of praise.
3.not to mention 更不用说；且不说
Old folk and children alike are all against the proposal，not to mention the youth.
老人、小孩都不赞成这个建议，更不用说年轻人了。
Ade is handsome and smart，not to mention being a good athlete.
艾德不但是个好运动员，而且既潇洒又精明。
[造句]他们有三只狗要照顾，更别提那只猫和鸟了。
They have three dogs to look after，not to mention the cat and the bird.
[知识拓展]
as mentioned above　如上所述
be (not) worth mentioning (不)值得一提
Don't mention it.不要客气，不用谢。
As mentioned above，the function of the device is wonderful.
It's no big deal；it's not even worth mentioning.
Don't mention it.You should drink some water and go to lie down.
4.shade vt.给……遮挡(光线)；加灯罩；把……涂暗 n.阴凉处；灯罩；阴影部分
He bought a green shade.
他买了一个绿色灯罩。
Store the bottle of medicine in the shade.
把这瓶药放在阴凉处。
[造句]我遮住眼睛以避阳光。
I shaded my eyes from the sun.
[知识拓展]
(1)in the shade在阴凉处，阴暗处；默默无闻
put...in the shade 使黯然失色；使相形见绌
a shade of 少许，微微
(2)shade from 遮挡住
①We were completely shaded from the sun by the poplar trees.
②We sat down in the shade of the wall.
③A shade of doubt in her voice made me afraid.
5.wrinkle vt.& vi.(使脸上)起皱纹；皱起　n.皱纹
Don't wrinkle the carpet.
别弄皱地毯。
Her skin was still without a wrinkle.
她的皮肤仍然没有皱纹。
[造句]她的眼睛周围开始出现细细的皱纹。
Fine wrinkles started to appear around her eyes.
[知识拓展]
(1)wrinkle (up) one's forehead 皱起额头
wrinkle with age 老得皮肤皱起
(2)wrinkles in one's face 脸上的皱纹
without wrinkles/a wrinkle 没有皱纹
(3) wrinkled adj.有皱纹的
His face was wrinkled with age.
②A little old woman with a wrinkled face as brown as a berry told us our fortunes for ten pence.
③In addition，sleep has been shown to reduce wrinkles in the face and neck.
[小片段填空]
If some items are wrinkled，hang them in the bathroom while you take a shower.Steam the wrinkles.
6.ripe adj.成熟的；时机成熟的
Some of the apples were not quite ripe.
一些苹果不太熟。
The time was ripe to talk about peace.
和谈的时机已经成熟。
[造句]解决这个问题的时机已经成熟。
The problem is ripe for settlement.
[知识拓展]
(1)be ripe for ……的时机成熟；准备就绪；即可……；适于……
(2)ripen vt.& vi.成熟，使成熟
①I'm waiting for the apples to ripen.
②Often you do not notice that the time is not yet ripe for it.
7.drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
They dragged the fallen tree clear of the road.
他们把倒下的树从路上拖走。
He dragged behind the others.
他在别人后面慢吞吞地走着。
[造句]　我每天都不得不迫使自己从床上爬起来。
I have to drag myself out of bed each day.
[知识拓展]
drag in 把……拉进来；硬把(某人)拉进(某事)
drag on 拖延；使拖延；拖长(声调、字眼等)
drag oneself along (慢吞吞地)拖着脚走
drag up 拉上，拔出；故意提起(不愉快的往事)
①There was no need to drag up the time he spent in prison.
②The children are so busy playing that they don't want their dinner；you'll have to drag them in.
③The meeting dragged on for more than two hours.
四、重点句式
1.before引导时间状语从句
[教材原句P38] The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
几天前，我正给孩子们做化学实验的演示，我还没有明白怎么回事，混合剂就从试管里冒了出来，溅得到处都是！
[句式分析]
句中before引导时间状语从句，意为“没来得及”。另外before除了其基本意思“在……之前”以外，还可以表示“(……之后)才；以免；免得”之意。
It will be some time before we know the full results.
还要过一些时间我们才能知道全部结果。
The magazine was snatched from my hand before I could read it.
我还没来得及看那期杂志，它就被从我手里抢走了。
[造句]我每天睡觉前锻炼。
Every day I exercise before I go to sleep.
[知识拓展]
(1)“It was＋时间段＋before...”表示“过了多久才……”。从句常用一般过去时。
(2)“It was not long before...”意为“不久就……”。从句常用一般过去时。
(3)“It will not be long before...”表示“不久就会……”。从句常用一般现在时。
(4)“It will be＋时间段＋before...”表示“要过多久才……”。从句常用一般现在时。
①If you miss this chance，it will be years before you get another one.
如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
②It won't be long before we get used to the new school life.
不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。
③It was three days before he came back.
过了三天他才回来。
④It was a long time before she recovered from the operation.
很长一段时间后她才从手术中康复。
2.doubt whether... 怀疑；不相信
[教材原句P38] To be honest，I doubt whether I'm making any difference to these boys' lives at all.
说实在的，我真的不知道我教的课是否会对这些孩子的生活有所影响。
[句式分析]
句中doubt用作动词，意为“怀疑，不相信”。在肯定句中doubt后面的从句由whether/if引导。
Everything is clear now，no one would doubt what will be done.
一切都很清楚，没有人对所要做的事怀疑。
We don't doubt that he can do a good job of it.
我们并不怀疑他能把这事做得很好。
[造句]我怀疑杰克会不会驾驶帆船。
I doubt whether Jack could manage a sailing boat.
[知识拓展]
(1)There is (some) doubt之后常接whether引导的从句，表“怀疑是否会……”；there is no doubt后常接that引导的从句，表示“对……毫不怀疑”。
(2)doubt用作动词时，意为“怀疑，不相信”。在肯定句中doubt后面的从句由whether/if引导；在疑问句或否定句中doubt后面的从句由that引导。
①There is no doubt that more and more people prefer shopping online nowadays.
②There is some doubt whether he will pass the final exam.
③I doubt whether/if he will be opposed to the idea.
＝ I have some doubt whether he will be opposed to the idea.
我怀疑他是否会反对这一想法。
④I don't doubt that my daughter will have a bright future.
＝I have no doubt that my daughter will have a bright future.
我毫不怀疑我的女儿会有光明的未来。

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