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Unit 3 Grammar---人称代词
人称代词是用来代替表示人或事物的名词，以便不再重复使用名词。如:
Lucy and I are in the library. We like reading here.( We指代Lucy and I)
我和露西在图书馆里。我们喜欢在这里读书。
Look at these classrooms. They are clean and bright. (They指代these classrooms)
看看这些教室。它们整洁又明亮。
The panda is cute. Everyone likes it. (it指代The panda)
这只熊猫很可爱。大家都喜欢它。
Helen is my classmate. I often play with her. (her指代Helen)
海伦是我的同学。我常和她一起玩。
注意:
人称代词不仅可以指代人,还可以指代动植物及无生命的物体。
如果人称代词在句子中作主语，用主格；如果人称代词作宾语，用宾格。
主格常位于句首，宾格一般在动词或介词之后。
人称代词的主格和宾格归纳如下:
人称代词 单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
主格 I you he she it we you they
宾格 me you him her it us you them
注意:
1.第一人称单数主格I始终要大写;
2.第二人称单、复数的主格和宾格形式相同,均为you;
3.第三人称单数主格有he、she 和it,对应的宾格分别为him、 her 和it。
4.单数你他我，复数一二三，道歉我为先。
1).我、你、他都18岁。 You, he and I are 18.
2).你们、我们、他们都来自中国。 We, you and they are from China.
3).对不起，我和你都该向王老师道歉。Sorry, I and you both say “sorry” to Mr. Wang.
5.在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后多用宾格.
— I like English. —Me too.
6.it 的特殊用法。
①it可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人.
— who is the person over there — It is the headmaster.
②It也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。
1).天气： How cold it is today!
2).时间： It’s about eight o’clock.
3).距离： It’s 200 kilometers from here.
拓展：物主代词
我们用形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词来表示某物属于某人或属于另一个事物。
1.形容词性物主代词:用作句子的定语,之后必须带名词, 不能单独使用。如:
This is my book. That's his book. There are lots of nice shops in our town.
2.名词性物主代词:相当于一个名词词组,之后不能带名词 (其代换的名词, 需在前文中出现); 如: His book is much newer than mine(= my book).
An old friend of mine is coming to see me.（mine 是名词性物主代词=my friends）
所以: 形容词性物主代词 (my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词
=名词性物主代词 (mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs）
物主代词用法歌诀：
物主代词两类型，形容词与名词性。
形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。
名词性要独立用，主宾表语它都充。
物主代词 单数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性
物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性
物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
即时自测：用适当的人称代词或物主代词填空：
How are you doing I want to tell (1)_____ about my new school. (2)____ is a really great place.(3)_____ love to study there.
(4)____ school has lots of green spaces. We sometimes chat with (5)______teachers there. (6)_____ can help (7)______ with (8)_______ problems.
We have some noticeboards. There is school news on (9)_______. We can also read about star students and learn a lot from (10)______. (11)_____ are (12)_____ role models. Mr. Wu is the form teacher of Class I, Grade 7. (13)_____ often chats with the students and helps (14)_____ with (15)_____ problems, so all the students like (16)_____. Ms Lin is good at playing the piano. You can see (17)_____ at many of our school shows.
What is (18)_____ new school like Tell (19)_____ about (20)_____!
答案：
(1) you;(2) It; (3) We;(4) My;(5) our;(6) They;(7) us;(8) our;(9) them;(10) them;(11) They;
(12) our;(13) He;(14) them;(15) their;(16) him;(17) her;(18) your;(19) me;(20) it;

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