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大联考湖南师大附中梅溪湖中学2025届高三月考试卷（一）
英 语
注意事项:
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．Which film does Mary want to see
A.Ordinary Angels. B．Bob Marley: One Love. C．Kung Fu Panda
2．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In an apartment. B．In a restaurant. C．In a shop.
3．Who is the woman probably talking to
A．Her friend. B．A travel agent. C．A hotel receptionist.
4．What is the weather like now
A．Cloudy. B．Sunny. C．Rainy.
5．What happens to Sarah
A．She eats too much. B．She has a toothache. C．She needs an operation.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．What does the woman plan to do next
A．Drive home. B．Pick Jack up. C．See her husband.
7．What is Jack doing
A．Watching TV. B．Practicing football. C．Walking with Tim.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．Why does Alice want to meet David
A．To seek for advice. B．To borrow some books. C．To invite him to a game.
9．How does Ethan sound in the end
A．Humble. B．Proud. C．Satisfied.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10．What did Helen do recently
A.She went on business trips. B.She learned about gardening. C.She visited her relatives.
11．Where is Gina now
A．In New York. B．In Atlanta. C．In Chicago.
12．How long has Helen lived in Denver
A．For 2 years. B．For 4 years. C．For 10 years.
13．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．A couple. B．Neighbors. C．Workmates.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．What do the speakers agree on heroes
A.They are like film characters.
B.They achieve great success.
C.They can be common people.
15．Why does Hank think of his grandfather as his hero
A．He is devoted to his career.
B．He motivates Hank to be better.
C．He tries his best to help others.
16．How does Anna find storybooks without heroes
A．Uninteresting. B．Acceptable. C．Realistic.
17．What does Hank mean in the end
A．It’s great to read more. B．Great writers do count. C．He dislikes storybooks.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．What did Harry Nuriev do in 2019
A．He displayed a special sofa.
B．He designed a sofa using bags.
C．He searched a fair for old items.
19．What does Katie Treggiden think furniture companies should do
A．Improve product quality. B．Use sustainable material. C．Lengthen furniture’s life.
20．What is the main focus of the speaker
A．A designer’s green sofa.
B．Problems in the furniture industry.
C．The change in the fashion industry.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
A
Books that Changed My Life
Frank Cottrell-Boyce is a multi-award-winning author and screenwriter who won the CILIP Carnegie Medal for his debut children’s book, Millions. His new book The Wonder Brothers, a fun mystery-adventure about the biggest vanishing trick of all time, is out now.
HERE Is Real Magic, Nate Staniforth I could talk about this book forever! It’s a memoir by a brilliant magician, Nate Staniforth, who has a belief in being able to do magic out of ordinary things. He has become a little jaded and disillusioned, so he takes himself to India to renew himself by taking his magic on the road. I’m very privileged to have been a writer all my life, but it’s very difficult to stop it just being a job. You can lose touch with the joy of it. This book is about rediscovering the joy in your own talents and finding magic in the ordinary.
One Thousand and One Nights I won a copy of this book in a competition at school. It’s kind of the opposite of finding the magic in the ordinary—it’s about extravagance and amazing ness, bragging and lying. But I love it! It’s really about how storytelling can save your life. The narrator is a woman facing a death sentence who is tell ng stories with these cli hangers (悬念) so she won’t be killed. It’s a book of wonders about how you can enchant (使入迷) someone with a story. As children’s writer, you spend a lot of time in schools, telling stories to children who don’t necessarily want to be there, gathering them up in a moment of laughter, excitement or nervousness. One Thousand and One Nights celebrates that you can confront someone who wants to kill you and, because of a cliffhanger they go, “I’ll kill you tomorrow instead”. It’s the greatest celebration of the power of storytelling I can think of. Three Men in a Boat, Jerome K Jerome This is just the funniest book. And it’s kind of about nothing. It’s just three blokes in a boat going down the Thames and not being very good at it. That’s all. It’s just paying attention to the lovely details of ordinary life. It’s so kind, so tender, and it’s funnier than anything else. There are pages and pages of failing to get through a lock gate or getting lost in amaze. You don’t need all these big twists and dramatic events to be funny, you can just be really overconfident that you can find your way out of amaze!
21．Which book is won by its owner as a prize for a competition
A．Millions B．Three Men in a Boat
C．One Thousand and One Nights D．Here Is Real Magic
22．If you want to find magic in the ordinary, who should you read
A．Nate Staniforth B．Frank Cottrell-Boyce
C．Jerome K Jerome D．Dale Carnegie
23．What is the article intended to do
A．To compare different books. B．To recommend books.
C．To comment on books. D．To list best-sellers.
B
It was in a brightly-lit room in Mexico City, Mexico, that on June 18, 2014 it was announced that India-born Dr Sanjaya Rajaram had been named the winner of the World Food Prize.
Dr Rajaram won this award for successfully crossbreeding (杂交) the winter and spring wheat (小麦) varieties, which have been two distinct and isolated gene pools (分离的基因库) since the beginning of farming. And because of this breakthrough, the scientist has been able to breed over 480 wheat varieties.
Born in Varanasi in 1943, Dr Rajaram lived with his family off a plot of land growing wheat, rice and maize. “After my education here in India, I went off to Australia for my PhD and soon I joined CIMMYT (the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre) in Mexico, where my career as a plant breeder started,” said Dr Rajaram.
“Every country is unique — there are climate systems, culture, the financial situation and each of the nations I visited needed a different set of solutions,” said Dr Rajaram. His solutions became part of what is widely described as the world’s first “wheat network”, a global exchange of “genetic information and innovations among researchers”. His varieties of wheat were strong in nutrition, delayed (延迟) the attack of some plant diseases and were able to survive the severest of conditions.
After nearly half a century in the field, Dr Rajaram said his work was still not finished. “In science, you never stop learning. I have been doing this all my life and I’ve never really had time for anything else. As far as hobbies go, well, there’s a bit of music I like to listen to and that’s pretty much it. I have been on a long journey of pushing the boundaries (边界) of what’s possible and today, there’s still work left. Learning must never stop and the world must not go hungry.”
24．Why was Dr Rajaram awarded the World Food Prize
A．He improved several wheat varieties genetically.
B．He crossbred the winter and spring wheat varieties.
C．He successfully bred two wheat varieties.
D．He found the difference between the winter and spring wheat varieties.
25．When did Dr Rajaram start to work on plant breeding
A．During his college years in India.
B．While doing his PhD in Australia.
C．After becoming a member of CIMMYT in Mexico.
D．While living with his family near wheat-growing land.
26．What is one advantage of the wheat varieties developed by Dr Rajaram
A．They can be planted in any season.
B．They are free from the attack of some pant diseases.
C．They can grow well in terrible environments.
D．They can grow taller than traditional ones.
27．What can we learn about Dr Rajaram from the last paragraph
A．He was too busy with work to develop any hobby.
B．He wasn’t satisfied with the results of his research.
C．He planned to do research in a new field of science.
D．He made his mind to work on world food problems.
C
The prodigious ability of our species to rapidly assimilate vocabulary, expanding from a mere 300 lexemes by the tender age of two to an impressive repertoire exceeding 1,000 by the age of four, remains a subject of profound enigma. Certain scholars in the realms of cognitive science and linguistics have posited that the human mind enters the world equipped with innate cognitive predispositions and logical parameters that facilitate this linguistic feat. However, recent advancements in the sphere of machine learning have unveiled the potential for swift acquisition of semantic understanding from sparse data, eschewing the need for preconceived, hardwired assumptions.
An ensemble of researchers has triumphantly honed a rudimentary artificial intelligence construct to correlate visual representations with their corresponding lexical entities, utilizing a mere 61 hours of ambient visual recordings and auditory data — previously amassed from an individual known as Sam during the years 2013 and 2014. Though this represents but a minuscule fraction of a child’s developmental chronicle, it transpires that this was sufficiently informative to prompt the AI in discerning the significance of select vocables.
These revelations intimate that the process of linguistic acquisition may be more straightforward than hitherto presumed. It is conceivable that the juvenile mind does not necessitate a tailor-made, sophisticated linguistic apparatus to adeptly apprehend the essence of words, posits Jessica Sullivan, an adjunct professor of psychology at Skidmore College. “This is an exceptionally elegant inquiry,” she articulates, as it presents corroborative evidence that rudimentary data extracted from a child’s perspective is sufficiently abundant to initiate the processes of pattern recognition and lexical assimilation.
The recent scholarly endeavor also illustrates the plausibility of machines emulating the learning modalities inherent to human cognition. Vast linguistic models are typically nurtured on colossal datasets encompassing billions, if not trillions, of lexical permutations. In stark contrast, human beings manage with a significantly reduced informational intake, as articulated by the principal scribe of the study, Wai Keen Vong. With the appropriate genre of data, the chasm separating machine and human learning could be substantially bridged.
Nevertheless, further investigation is warranted in select dimensions of this pioneering research. The savants concede that their findings do not conclusively elucidate the mechanisms by which children amass vocabulary. Additionally, the study’s purview was confined to the identification of nouns pertaining to tangible entities.
Despite these limitations, this represents a stride toward a more profound comprehension of our own cognitive faculties, which may ultimately contribute to the enhancement of human pedagogical practices, according to Eva Portelance, a scholar in computational linguistics. She remarks that AI research has the potential to shed light on enigmatic queries about our essence that have persisted over time. “We can harness these paradigms in a salutary manner, to the advantage of scientific discovery and societal progress,” Portelance further elaborates.
28．What is a significant finding of machine-learning research
A．Vocabulary increases gradually with age.
B．Vocabulary can be acquired from minimal data.
C．Language acquisition is tied to built-in expectations.
D．Language acquisition is as complex as formerly assumed.
29．What does the underlined word “prompt” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Facilitate. B．Persuade. C．Advise. D．Expect.
30．What is discussed about the new research in paragraph 5
A．Its limitations. B．Its strengths. C．Its uniqueness. D．Its process.
31．What is Eva Portelance’s attitude to the AI research
A．Doubtful. B．Cautious. C．Dismissive. D．Positive.
D
“Assume you are wrong.” The advice came from Brian Nosek, a psychology professor, who was offering a strategy for pursuing better science.
To understand the context for Nosek’s advice, we need to take a step back to the nature of science itself. You see despite what many of us learned in elementary school, there is no single scientific method. Just as scientific theories become elaborated and change, so do scientific methods.
But methodological reform hasn’t come without some fretting and friction. Nasty things have been said by and about methodological reformers. Few people like having the value of their life’s work called into question. On the other side, few people are good at voicing criticisms in kind and constructive ways. So, part of the challenge is figuring out how to bake critical self-reflection into the culture of science itself, so it unfolds as a welcome and integrated part of the process, and not an embarrassing sideshow.
What Nosek recommended was a strategy for changing the way we offer and respond to critique. Assuming you are right might be a motivating force, sustaining the enormous effort that conducting
scientific work requires. But it also makes it easy to interpret criticisms as personal attacks. Beginning, instead, from the assumption you are wrong, a criticism is easier to interpret as a constructive suggestion for how to be less wrong — a goal that your critic presumably shares.
One worry about this approach is that it could be demoralizing for scientists. Striving to be less wrong might be a less effective motivation than the promise of being right. Another concern is that a strategy that works well within science could backfire when it comes to communicating science with the public. Without an appreciation for how science works, it’s easy to take uncertainty or disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect some of the very features of science that make it our best approach to reaching reliable conclusions about the world. Science is reliable because it responds to evidence: as the quantity and quality of our evidence improves, our theories can and should change, too.
Despite these worries, I like Nosek’s suggestion because it builds in cognitive humility along with a sense that we can do better. It also builds in a sense of community — we’re all in the same boat when it comes to falling short of getting things right.
Unfortunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypothesis (假说): that assuming one is wrong can change community norms for the better, and ultimately support better science and even, perhaps, better decisions in life. I don’t know if that’s true. In fact, I should probably assume that it’s wrong. But with the benefit of the scientific community and our best methodological tools, I hope we can get it less wrong, together.
32．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．Reformers tend to devalue researchers’ work.
B．Scientists are unwilling to express kind criticisms.
C．People hold wrong assumptions about the culture of science.
D．The scientific community should practice critical self-reflection.
33．The strategy of “assuming you are wrong” may contribute to ______.
A．the enormous efforts of scientists at work B．the reliability of potential research results
C．the public’s passion for scientific findings D．the improvement in the quality of evidence
34．The underlined word “demoralizing” in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A．discouraging B．ineffective C．unfair D．misleading
35．The tone the author uses in talking about the untested hypothesis is ______.
A．doubtful but sincere B．disapproving but soft
C．authoritative and direct D．reflective and humorous
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Surprising Strength of “Weak” Social Ties
It’s long been known that a community of supportive relationships improves our quality of life and can even help us recover from illness. 36 . Regularly interacting with a wide variety of social ties, both “weak” and “strong”, enhances our satisfaction. A rich diversity of ties provides more significant benefits to well-being, and “weak” social ties can prove just as important to life satisfaction as core, or “strong” ties. 37 . There you can find the people who cheer, serve, support, comfort, educate, motivate, and entertain you.
Claire gets cheered up by going to the library and chatting with her favorite librarian every week. Sherry gets great joy from her Sunday breakfasts at a local diner because the manager and her favorite waitress are nice to her. 38 . I remember discussing Anna Karenina on an airplane with a wise economics professor, and finding meaningful moments of joy with street musicians and performers.
39 . When you show kindness to a stranger, your seemingly small act might stay in their memory as a source of support and positivity. Everyone needs to feel significant in the eyes of another. You could be that person for someone in your extended circle. That’s why it’s so important to reach out to people around you, especially when they’re going through hard times.
When we feel blue or lonely, we tend to turn down social engagements, either to avoid the imagined embarrassment of being the only sad person in a group or because socializing with people we don’t know well can be awkward at first. 40 . Being open to both our strong and weak ties allows us to benefit from the comfort, connection, and community they provide.
A．All of those connections matter — and so do you
B．Harvard researcher Hanne Collins discovered something new
C．Even those we meet only once can leave a lasting impression
D．Our shared kindness and familiarity offer me a sense of community
E．Interacting with the weak ties encourages us to behave more professionally
F．But saying yes, despite the hesitation, offers an opportunity to feel less lonely
G．So notice, pay attention to, and be grateful for your big, wide world of loose social ties
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California.
His doctor suggested he get more 41 after he had some heart trouble about 12 years ago. AI started to 42 around the local road and hills. At first, his rides were about five miles long, then 10 to 12 miles, and 43 the length of his outings grew.
Since 2010, Merritt has been on a personal 44 to cycle the circumference (周长) of the earth — 24,901 miles without even leaving his own neighbourhood. 45 , over the years, he got to know many of his neighbours and send them 46 of love and kindness.
“Every day I see him 47 on his bike. He is totally cheerful and takes time with everybody,” Keene said. “He gives us 48 and shows us how you can be in your 80s and still have a good time.”
It was not until October 24 that the old man finally realized his 49 bicycle trips were as important to them as they were to him. At 3 p.m. that Sunday afternoon, nearly 200 people 50 near his home to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his “round-the-world” adventure.
As he rode down the hill towards his house, an 51 erupted from the crowd, who were 52 international flags and earth-shaped balloons. The outpouring of love 53 Merritt.
Although Merritt has now 54 his cycling goal, he has no plans to change the 55 that has become the highlight of his life.
41．A．space B．workout C．care D．rest
42．A．walk B．wander C．travel D．pedal
43．A．roughly B．gradually C．thoroughly D．totally
44．A．pursuit B．version C．competence D．phenomenon
45．A．By coincidenceB．In particular C．As a consequence D．On the contrary
46．A．message B．composition C．shape D．mixture
47．A．turning out B．dropping by C．flying by D．taking in
48．A．celebration B．exception C．excuse D．inspiration
49．A．annual B．daily C．monthly D．weekly
50．A．gathered B．exposed C．included D．restored
51．A．apology B．emotion C．explosion D．applause
52．A．handing B．releasing C．waving D．chasing
53．A．discouraged B．astonished C．confused D．panicked
54．A．dragged B．called C．achieved D．returned
55．A．routine B．regulation C．advantage D．impression
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
After about one hour and a half on Tuesday night, the 2021 Nobel literature laureate Abdulrazak Gurnah 56 (sell) around 100,000 copies of his novels. The book sale was at 57 Chinese livestream show on the short video platform Douyin, 58 (generate) a profit of over 4 million yuan ($570,000). The number grew to 110,000 copies later that night.
During his talk with English teacher-turned livestreamer Dong Yuhui, the Tanzanian-born British author, 76, shared 59 Chinese netizens his hometown life 60 immigrant experiences, his writing as an outside r and teaching as a literature professor. He added: “I have been 61 (continuous) absorbing nourishment(营养) for creating from nostalgia (怀旧), pain and 62 (silent).”
Dong managed 63 (connect) Gurnah’s life and writing with the numerous Chinese readers living and working far from home—Dong being one of them —who find 64 difficult to fit in the new environment, mostly in big cities, but also difficult to go back home and stay.
The show was the last public event of Gurnah’s first China trip that began on March 5, during 65 he visited Shanghai, Ningbo of zhejiang province, and Beijing, giving lectures and holding dialogues with Chinese writers including Ge Fei, Sun Ganlu and Nobel laureate Mo Yan.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假设你是高中生李华，你曾参加面试成功获得一份暑期工。现在你英国好友 Henry 准备去一家公司面试应聘暑期工，他给你来信请你给他一些面试的建议，请用英语写一封回信。
注意: 1.词数100左右;
2.可增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jim Barr stared in awe (敬畏) at the platform in the crowded school hall. The headmaster marched onto the stage, followed by the captains of the school soccer team and rugby side. Jim watched with envy as each was presented with an honor s jacket for their contribution to the school’s sporting success over the previous year. When the next presentation of honors jacket would come around, Jim knew there was little hope that he would be the receiver of one of these treasured items of clothing.
“I wish you all a happy summer holiday,” the headmaster announced. “Although most of you will be going away to sunnier parts, there are others who will be staying near their home. The local council has asked the school to undertake a project over the next six weeks to help clear up rubbish around the area and separate it for recycling. If anyone is interested, come to my office and you will be supplied with a rubbish picker, bags and heavy-duty gloves.”
Jim knew he would be at a loose end over the holiday, so he went to the office along with five classmates to pick up the equipment needed to gather up the rubbish which littered the streets around the school. When he arrived home, his mother looked at him curiously as he placed the equipment on the kitchen table.
“What is this all about ” she asked with a smile on her face. “Mum, I’m an average pupil and I’m not very good at sports,” he replied. “This waste recycling is one way I can contribute to the good name of the school.”
“Just as long as you don’t get fed up and stop half way through,” said Mum.
“I won’t give up. I have made up my mind to do it well,” Jim said confidently.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Over the next few weeks, his classmates dropped out of the project.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Hearing his name called by the headmaster, Jim nervously made his way to the platform.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________湖南师大附中梅溪湖中学2025届高三月考试卷（一）
英语参考答案
题序 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B C A B B A B A A
题序 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A B C C A B A C B
题序 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A B B C C D B A A
题序 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D D B A D B G C A F
题序 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 B D B A C A C D B A
题序 51 52 53 54 55
答案 D C B C A
第二部分 阅读
第一节【语篇导读】主要介绍几本可改变我们生活的书。
21．根据One Thousand and One Nights部分的“I won a copy of this book in a competition at school.可知，One Thousand and One Nights这本书是它主人在竞赛奖品赢得的奖品。选C。
22．根据HERE Is Real Magic, Nate Staniforth部分的“It’s a memoir by a brilliant magician, Nate Staniforth, who has a belief in being able to do magic out of ordinary things.可知，如果你想在平凡中找到魔力，你应该读Nate Staniforth的书。故选A。
23．根据文章标题可知，文章主要打算推荐一些书。故选B。
【语篇导读】小麦育种专家Sanjaya Rajaram成功培育出冬春杂交小麦品种获奖。
24．根据第一段以及第二段可知，Sanjaya Rajaram博士被授予世界粮食奖，是因为他杂交了冬小麦和春小麦品种。
25．根据第三段中可知，Rajaram加入国际玉米小麦改良中心后，开始从事植物育种工作。
26．细节理解题。根据第四段中可知，Rajaram培育的小麦品种能在恶劣的环境中生长。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Rajaram博士已经在粮食领域工作了数十年，他认为自己还有很多工作要做，需要不断学习，让世界人民不再饥饿。因此可推断，他决定致力于解决世界粮食问题。
【语篇导读】我们人类拥有惊人的词汇量，能够快速吸收词汇，从两岁时的 300 个词汇量，到四岁时词汇量超过 1000 个，这仍然是一个谜。然而，研究表明语言习得过程可能比迄今为止所认为的更为简单。研究表明，机器学习领域的最新进展揭示了从少量的数据中快速获取语义理解的潜力，避免了对先入为主的、僵化的假设的需求。本文主要介绍了机器学习人类语言的优点及其缺陷。
28．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, recent advancements in the sphere of machine learning have unveiled the potential for swift acquisition of semantic understanding from sparse data, eschewing the need for preconceived, hardwired assumptions.和第二段中“An ensemble of researchers has triumphantly honed a rudimentary artificial intelligence construct to correlate visual representations with their corresponding lexical entities, utilizing a mere 61 hours of ambient visual recordings and auditory data—previously amassed from an individual known as Sam during the years 2013 and 2014. 可知，机器学习领域的最新进展揭示了从少量的数据中快速获取语义理解的潜力，且一组研究人员成功地完善了一个基本的人工智能结构，将视觉表征与相应的词汇实体关联起来，只利用了 61 小时的环境视觉记录和听觉数据，由此可知，机器学习领可以从最少的数据中获取词汇。
29．根据划线单词上文和划线单词所在句子“Though this represents but a minuscule fraction of a child’s developmental chronicle, it transpires that this was sufficiently informative to prompt the AI in discerning the significance of select vocables.可知，研究人员通过观察一个名为Sam的个体在2013年和2014年收集的61小时的环境视觉记录和听觉数据，足以促使AI辨别出特定词汇的意义，由此可知，划线单词意为“促使”。
30．第五段主要讨论了新研究的局限性，包括研究范围仅限于识别与有形实体有关的名词，以及研究结果并不能最终阐明儿童积累词汇量的机制。
31．根据最后一段中“Despite these limitations, this represents a stride toward a more profound comprehension of our own cognitive faculties, which may ultimately contribute to the enhancement of human pedagogical practices, according to Eva Portelance, a scholar in computational linguistics.可知，Eva Portelance认为AI研究有助于我们更深刻地理解自身认知能力，并可能有助于提高人类的教学实践，由此可推知，她对AI研究的态度是积极的。
【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。这篇文章主要讲心理学教授BrianNosek提出“假定自己是错的”这一建议用于追求更好的科学，文章围绕该建议展开，论述其背景、面临的挑战及担忧，作者虽对这一假说存疑，但喜欢该建议，希望借助科学社区和方法工具，共同减少错误。
32．方法上的改革面临一些挑战，其中之一就是要弄清楚如何将批判性的自我反思融入科学文化本身，使其成为过程中受欢迎和整合的一部分，这说明科学社区应该实践批判性自我反思。
33．根据第四段及第五段的可知，“假定自己是错的”这种策略有助于科学家寻找更多的证据，提高了潜在研究结果的可靠性。
34．根据第五段，在科学领域，追求完全正确往往是一个理想化的目标，因为实现这个目标可能是困难的，甚至是不可能的。相比之下，追求变得“不那么错误”可能更为现实和可行。这种方法鼓励科学家不断学习和改进，接受在研究过程中会犯错的可能性，从而更好地理解和解决问题。虽然这种方法可能会减轻一些压力，但也可能会在一定程度上降低科学家的动机和信心，因为他们可能会觉得自己永远无法达到完美的正确性。因此，“假定自己是错的”这种策略可能会让科学家感到低落。
35．根据倒数第二段及最后一段，作者用幽默的语调一方面承认自己不确定这个假说是否正确，另一方面又对其抱有希望。作者在谈论这个未经检验的假设时使用的语气是反思和幽默的。
36．根据空前和空后可知，空前是说明的有着支持关系的社区能提高我们的生活质量的道理是人们很早就知道的，而空后不论强或弱的社会关系，都能提高我们的满意度是一种新的理论，故B项“哈佛研究者Hanne发现了一些新的东西”符合，引出后文的新理论。
37．空前提到了“弱”的社会关系与“强”的社会关系同等重要，故G项“因此，请关注并感激你广阔而松散的社会关系世界。”符合，与空前构成因果关系，“弱”的社会关系很重要，因此要关注并感激你那松散的社会关系。
38．空后提出了作者与经济学家和街头音乐家、表演家见一次面的经历，故C项“甚至那些我们只见过一面的人也能给我们留下长久的印象。”符合，引出后文只见过一面的经济学家和街头音乐家、表演家。
39．空后提出了这些关系的重要性，对别人可以作为支持和积极的源泉，从而留在他们的记忆里，故A项“所有这些关系都很重要——你也是如此。”符合，这些关系很重要，当你对陌生人表现出善意时，可以作为他们记忆里支持和积极的源泉。
40．空前提到当我们感到沮丧或孤独时，我们会拒绝社交活动，从而来避免尴尬；空后则提出了对强关系和弱关系持开放态度，故F项“尽管会犹豫，但说“是”能提供一个减少孤独感的机会。”符合，与空前构成转成关系，我们心情不好时，会避免社交，但接受社交能减少孤独的机会。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】83岁的AI Merritt虽患心脏病，但在加州卡尔斯巴德社区坚持骑行11年。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约12年前，他患有心脏病，医生建议他多锻炼。A. space空间；B. workout锻炼；C. care关心；D. rest休息。根据下文“At first, his rides were about five miles long”可知，Merritt开始骑行，因此医生是建议他多锻炼。故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：AI开始在当地的道路和山丘上骑行。A. walk步行；B. wander徘徊；C. travel旅行；D. pedal骑自行车前进。根据下文“At first, his rides were about five miles long”可知，Merritt开始在当地骑行。故选D。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，他的骑行距离大约是5英里，然后是10到12英里，渐渐地，他的骑行距离越来越长。A. roughly粗略地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. thoroughly彻底地；D. totally完全地。根据上文“At first, his rides were about five miles long, then 10 to 12 miles”和下文“the length of his outings grew”可知，此处是介绍Merritt骑行距离的增长，是从5英里发展到10到12英里，因此是渐渐地距离越来越长。故选B。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：自2010年以来，Merritt一直在追求在不离开自己的社区的情况下绕地球一周24901英里。A. pursuit追求；B. version版本；C. competence能力；D. phenomenon现象。根据下文“his cycling goal”可知，Merritt为自己设立了骑行的目标，因此是在追求骑行距离达到绕地球一周的24901英里。故选A。
45．考查介词短语辨析。句意：因此，多年来，他认识了许多邻居，并向他们传递了爱和善良的信息。A. By coincidence巧合地；B. In particular尤其；C. As a consequence因此；D. On the contrary相反地。根据上文“to cycle the circumference (周长) of the earth—24,901 miles without even leaving his own neighbourhood”可知，Merritt想在不离开自己的社区的情况下绕地球一周24901英里，下文叙述的认识了许多邻居是这件事带来的结果，应用As a consequence“因此”衔接。故选C。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，多年来，他认识了许多邻居，并向他们传递了爱和善良的信息。A. message信息；B. composition组成；C. shape形状；D. mixture混合物。根据上文“Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California.”可知，过去11年以来，Merritt都是社区中可靠而愉快的存在，因此是向邻居们传递了爱和善良的信息。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天我都看到他骑着自行车飞驰而过。A. turning out结果是；B. dropping by顺便访问；C. flying by飞逝；D. taking in吸收。根据下文“on his bike”可推知，社区里的Keene是看到Merritt骑着自行车飞驰而过。故选C。
48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给了我们灵感，告诉我们如何在80多岁的时候还能玩得开心。A. celebration庆祝；B. exception例外；C. excuse借口；D. inspiration灵感。根据下文“shows us how you can be in your 80s and still have a good time”可知，Merritt让大家知道如何在80多岁的时候还能玩得开心，因此是给了大家灵感。故选D。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：直到10月24日，老人才终于意识到，他每天骑自行车旅行对他们和他一样重要。A. annual每年的；B. daily每日的；C. monthly每月的；D. weekly每周的。根据上文“Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California.”可知，Merritt每天下午都骑车，因此指每天的自行车之行。故选B。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个星期天下午3点，将近200人聚集在他家附近，给他一个惊喜，祝贺他完成了他的“环球”冒险。A. gathered聚集；B. exposed暴露；C. included包含；D. restored恢复。根据下文“near his home to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his “round-the-world” adventure”可推知，这200人是聚集在Merritt家附近，打算给他惊喜，祝贺他完成了冒险。故选A。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他骑车下山回家时，人群中爆发出掌声，他们挥舞着国际旗帜和地球形状的气球。A. apology道歉；B. emotion情感；C. explosion爆炸；D. applause掌声。根据上文“to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his “round-the-world” adventure”可知，这200人是打算给他惊喜，祝贺他完成了冒险，因此会爆发出掌声。故选D。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他骑车下山回家时，人群中爆发出掌声，他们挥舞着国际旗帜和地球形状的气球。A. handing递交；B. releasing释放；C. waving挥舞；D. chasing追逐。根据上文“to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his “round-the-world” adventure”可知，这200人是打算给他惊喜，祝贺他完成了冒险，因此会挥舞旗帜和气球。
53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：爱的流露让Merritt大吃一惊。A. discouraged使气馁；B. astonished使惊讶；C. confused使困惑；D. panicked使恐慌。根据上文“to surprise and congratulate him on the completion of his “round-the-world” adventure”可知，这200人是悄悄地给他惊喜，对他表示祝贺，因此这份爱的流露会让事先不知道的Merritt感到吃惊。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管Merritt现在已经实现了他的骑行目标，但他没有计划改变已经成为他生活亮点的这一日常惯例。A. dragged拖动；B. called呼叫；C. achieved实现；D. returned返回。根据上文“congratulate him on the completion of his “round-the-world” adventure”可知，Merritt现在已经实现了他的骑行目标。故选C。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管Merritt现在已经实现了他的骑行目标，但他没有计划改变已经成为他生活亮点的这一日常惯例。A. routine惯例；B. regulation规则；C. advantage优势；D. impression印象。根据上文“Every afternoon for the past 11 years, AI Merritt, 83 years old, has been a reliable and cheery presence in his southeast Carlsbad neighbourhood, California.”可知，每天下午Merritt都会在社区中骑自行车，因此指已经成为他生活亮点的这一日常惯例。故选A。
第二节 【答案】56．sold 57．a 58．generating 59．with 60．and 61．continuously 62．silence 63．to connect 64．it 65．which
第四部分
第一节 参考范文
Dear Henry,
I hope this letter finds you well and excited about your upcoming interview for the summer job. I remember how nervous yet thrilled I was before my own interview last year, so I thought I’d share some tips that might help you ace yours.
Firstly, research the company thoroughly. Knowing their mission, values, and recent projects will show your genuine interest and preparation. Secondly, practice answering common interview questions. This can boost your confidence and help you articulate your thoughts clearly. Besides, Don’t forget to prepare questions to ask the interviewer—it demonstrates your engagement and curiosity.
Dress appropriately for the role you’re applying for, as first impressions matter. Be punctual and remember to be polite to everyone you meet, not just the interviewer. Lastly, relax and be yourself. Your unique personality and experiences are what make you a strong candidate.
第二节 参考范文
Over the next few weeks, his classmates dropped out of the project. But Jim kept on. Some of his friends laughed at him, thinking it was a waste of time. Nevertheless, Jim decided to stick it out. The first day of the new school year soon arrived and once again the school hall was packed with pupils. When the headmaster appeared, he was carrying a certificate which bore the logo of the local council. “Welcome back,” he said, “The council has presented this certificate to the school in recognition of the work by one of our pupils. Jim Barr, please come to the platform.”
Hearing his name called by the headmaster, Jim nervously made his way to the platform. The headmaster smiled at Jim. “This certificate you have worked so hard to achieve will hang in the school office, but you will get a personal award too.” A teacher came onto the stage, bringing one of the honors jackets that Jim had admired so much. The headmaster asked Jim to remove his own jacket and helped him into the blazer that he thought he would never wear. As the pupils who had dropped out looked on enviously, Jim knew that collecting waste was certainly not a waste of time.
听力材料
TEXT1
W: What’s on at the movies, John
M: Let me see, Mary. Ordinary Angels and Bob Marley: One Love are now showing at most theatres. But there is something special at the Star Cinema—Kung Fu Panda 4 is on there.
W: Let’s go to the Star Cinema. The other two sound boring.
TEXT2
W: Good evening, sir. Can I help you
M: A table for five, please. We are expecting another two friends. They will be here at about six o’clock.
W: OK. May I take your order
TEXT3
M: How was your room last night
W: Great. I slept like a baby. The bed is comfortable, and the rate is quite reasonable. Can I check out now
M: Sure.
TEXT4
W: The weather is so changeable at this time of year. Just now we were bathed in sunshine, enjoying the warmth. But look! A bank of clouds are rolling in. It looks like rain. I hope it won’t ruin our day.
M: Don’t worry. The weather report says it will clear up soon.
W: Thankfully it will! I can’t stand the rainy weather.
TEXT5
M: Open your mouth wide, Sarah. I’ll have your teeth checked.
W: I hate any operation. Can you just give me some medicine for the pain
M: No worries. Nothing serious. Medicine will do. But do keep in mind that too many sugary foods are bad for your teeth.
TEXT6
M: Mom, I’m ringing to tell you I’m at Tim’s house. Football practice finished early, so we walked here together.
W: OK, well, it’s 5:30 pm now. I’ll drive and collect you at 6:00 pm.
M: Oh, there’s something good on television. Can you come and get me after it, at 7:00 pm
W: I can’t, Jack. I’ve got to pick your dad up from the station then.
TEXT7
M: Hey, Alice! What are you going to do
W: I’m going to meet David. You know I need to finish the final paper in three days, Ethan. So I want him to lend me some reference books. I believe he won’t disappoint me.
M: Yes. I heard he is a warm-hearted guy.
W: Oh, by the way, I watched your team play last night and all of you did a great job. Congratulations on your win!
M: We were just lucky to win the game. But thanks all the same!
TEXT8
W: Hi, Tom! It’s great to see you again.
M: Hi, Helen! Long time no see. Where did you go
W: Well, last week I flew to New York for two business meetings. After that, I flew to Atlanta, where I had to make a presentation at a company conference.
M: It sounds like you’ve been busy.
W: Yes. It’s good to be home again. What have you been doing lately
M: Oh, nothing much. I’ve been working in the garden these past few days, because Gina has gone to visit her relatives in Chicago. They haven’t seen each other since we settled in Denver.
W: How long have you lived here in Denver
M: We’ve lived here for four years and they’ve been the happiest years of our lives.
W: Evan and I also love this neighborhood. Though we’ve only lived here for two years.
M: That’s strange. I always thought you had lived here for more than ten years.
W: No, we moved here after you. Well, I have to get going. Have a good day.
TEXT9
W: Hi, Hank! What’s that book you’re reading
M: Hi, Anna. It’s about the teenagers who are thought of as heroes. I mean, lots of people think nowadays a hero has to be someone like those in films. But I think there are plenty of ordinary people around doing great things.
W: Mmm, I guess so. Those people can be heroes too.
M: That’s a bit like my granddad, then. He’s done all sorts of things to lend other people a hand. To do this, he even left a large company and gave up a high-paying job. He’s surely my hero.
W: He sounds like one of those motivating heroes you find in storybooks.
M: Yeah, he is. And a storybook is one place where you do need proper heroes.
W: I’m with you there. I have read loads of storybooks which are close to reality and I surely wouldn’t get to the end if they didn’t have heroes. Too boring.
M: Great writers can really help you to love reading. I mean, I wasn’t f ond of reading until I found my favorite. Still, it’s unusual to find writers that can do that—for me, anyway.
W: That’s right.
TEXT10
M: Russian designer Harry Nuriev’s latest sofa is made from a pile of waste bags. He wants it to draw attention to waste things and how we use them. The piece was based on an idea he first explored at a fair in 2019, when he presented a sofa made from old clothes. The project commented on the fashion industry’s waste problem, which is mainly generated by cheap, trend-responsive “fast fashion”. The project also drew a direct line between the waste problem and the furniture industry. It’s estimated that 9 million tons of
furniture are thrown away every single year, and over 80% of it ends up in landfill. Add to that the carbon releases caused by producing and shipping it, and the furniture industry looks like another threat to the global climate. With so much waste furniture, brands that make typically “fast” furniture are announcing efforts to change. Some companies commit to using only renewable or recyclable material s to cut carbon release. Katie Treggiden, design expert and author of Wasted: When Trash Becomes Treasure, said that having a long life has been a key selling message among responsible furniture companies for a long time. She added they also need to offer repair and take-back service to give their products a second life.

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