资源简介

Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
教材要点精析
1.Mario,you used to be short, didn’t you？马里奥，你过去很矮，不是吗？（P25）
要点1 反意疑问勾的用法（高频考点）
句子结构分析 本句是含used to的反意疑问句，结构为“主语+used to+动词原形+其他，didn’t+主语？”。附加词句中的助动词是didn’t，也可用usedn’to。
她妹妹过去经常弹钢琴，是吗？Her sister used to play the piano, didn’t she？
难点突破 反意疑问句由陈述部分与附加问句构成，遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。在反意疑问句中，附加问句部分的主语、谓语与前面陈述部分的主语、谓语要保持人称、助动词等的一致。
Professor Tu Youyou never stops doing research on Chinese medicine, does she？屠呦呦教授从未停止过对中药的研究，对吗？
要点拓展 反意疑问句的回答
（1）回答反意疑问句和回答一般疑问句的结构一样，如果答语是肯定的，用“Yes+肯定结构”，如果答语是否定的，则用“No+否定结构”。
你过去擅长英语，是吗？-You used to be good at English, didn’t you？
是的，我擅长。-Yes, I did.
（2）回答陈述部分为否定句的反意疑问句时，yes或no的汉语意思与它们本身的词义相反，yes意为“不”，no意为“是的”。
-He didn’t come to school yesterday, did he？他昨天没来上学，是吗？
-Yes, he did.不是，他来上学了。
-No, he didn’t.是的，他没有来上学。
注意 在反意疑问句中，陈述部分有few，little，no，nothing，nobody，never，seldom，hardly等表示否定意义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式。
【新题速递】-Steven had nothing for breakfast this morning, ___D___？
-No. Because he had a fever.
A. hadn’t he B. had he C. didn’t he D. did he
2.What’s he like now？他现在什么样？（P25）
要点2 What’s sb. like？的用法
用法分析 What’s sb. like？意为“某人什么样？”，用于询问人的性格、品质或相貌。
你的英语老师是怎样一个人？-What’s your English teacher like？
她善良又有耐心。-She is kind and patient.
要点拓展 What do/does sb. look like？表示“某人长得什么样？”，用于询问人的外貌。
-What does your father look like？你爸爸长什么样？
-He is tall. He has a beard.他高高的个子，留着胡须。
【新题速递】-What does your brother look like？
- ___B___.
A. He is outgoing
B. He is really tall and thin
C. He is a student
D. He is in hospital
3.humorous幽默的（P26）
要点3 humorous的用法
用法分析 humorous为形容词，意为“有幽默感的，滑稽有趣的”，可做表语或定语，既可以用来修饰事或物，也可以用来修饰人。
我哥哥有许多幽默故事可讲。My brother has many humorous stories to tell.
词形转换
humor/humour n.幽默 humorous adj.有幽默感的 反义词 humourless adj.无幽默感的
humorist n.幽默作家；该谐风趣的人
小提示 -ous是常见的形容词后缀，通常放在名词后，表示“…的”，danger（n.危险）+-ous→dangerous（adj.有危险的）。
【新题速递】-Why is Mike so popular in your class？
-Because he always tells jokes. He is ___A___.
A. humorous B. polite C. honest D. friendly
4.silent沉默的（P26）
要点4 silent的用法
用法分析 silent为形容词，意为“不说话的；沉默的”，在句中做表语或定语，常用短语：remain/stay/keep silent保持沉默。
I think you should keep silent.我认为你应该保持沉默。
词形转换
silent adj.沉默的 silently adv.沉默地
silence n.沉默
in silence沉默地
【新题速递】-How strange！You sit in your room ___A___ for a long time, Li Ming.
-I just want to be quiet for a while. I’m sorry, Dad. I failed the test again.
A. in silence B. in person C. in public D. in fact
5.helpful 有帮助的（P26）
要点5 helpful的用法
用法分析 helpful形容词，help + ful→helpful，意为“有用的，有帮助的”。be helpful to...对……有帮助的。It is helpful（for sb.）to do sth.对某人来说做某事有帮助。
你认为最有用的发明是什么？What do you think is the most helpful invention？
把你的问题和你的父母讨论很有帮助。It’s helpful to discuss your problems with your parents.
或许这些营养品对你的健康有帮助。Maybe these nutrients are helpful to your health.
词形转换
helpful adj.有帮助的；有用的 help v.帮助
helpless adj.不能自立的；无助的
help n.[U]帮助
要点拓展
help→helpful有帮助的 -ful colour→colourful颜色鲜艳的
hope→hopeful有希望的 thank→thankful感激的
peace→peaceful和平的 forget→forgetful健忘的
care→careful小心的 use→useful有用的
wonder→wonderful极好的 success→successful成功的
【新题速递】-It’s a good way to study English with a group.
-That’s true. I find it ___C___ to improve our pronunciation.
A. thankful B. harmful C. helpful D. careful
6.It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.自从上次我们小学同学见面已经三年了。（P26）
句子结构分析 本句是含有时间状语从句的复句。主句"It’s been three years"是现在完成时，从句“since we last saw our primary school classmates”是一般过去时。
It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates.
主句 since引导的时间状语从句
要点拓展 “It has been/It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”为固定句型，意为“自从……已经有多长时间了”。
It has been a year since we last saw each other.我们已经有一年没有见到彼此了。
要点6 since的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 since做连词，意为“自从…以后”，引导一般过去时的从句，主句用完成时态。
自从我十三岁以来，我一直在这儿学习。I have studied here since I was 13 years old.
要点拓展 （1）since用于现在完成时中，后接“过去的一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日或钟点）”或“时间段十ago”结构。
We have lived here since 3 years ago/for 3 years.我们住在这儿已经三年了。
（2）since还做连词，意为“既然；因为”，表示原因；since表示的原因是人们已知的事实。
Since everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.既然大家都到了，咱们开始开会吧。
【新题速递】My uncle ___D___ in England since ten years ago.
A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived
7.For this month’s Young World magazine, I interviewed 19-year-old Asian pop star Candy Wang.为本月的《青年世界》杂志，我采访了19岁的亚裔流行歌星王坎迪。（P27）
要点7 interview的用法
用法分析 interview为动词，意为“采访；面试”，常用于下列结构：
interview sb. about sth.就某事采访某人
interview sb. for sth.为某事面试某人
我们将要采访迈克，谈一谈他的新电影。We will interview Mike about his new movie.
我们为这份工作面试了二十个人。We interviewed twenty people for this job.
要点拓展 （1）interview还可做可数名词，意为“面试；访谈”，interview以元音音素开头，其前用不定冠词修饰时应用an。
There’ll be an interview with Mr. Black after the news.新闻过后将播出对布菜克先生的访谈。
（2）interviewer可数名词，意为“主持面试者；采访者”；interviewee可数名词，意为“参加面试者；被采访者”
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
Tomorrow morning they are going to interview（采访）a great scientist.
8.Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness.坎迪告诉我她过去真的很害羞，于是开始学习歌唱来应对害羞。（P27）
要点8 take up的用法
用法分析 take up意为“学着做，开始做，从事”，后接名词或动名词。
他离开城市开始务农。He left a job in the city to take up farming.
这位科学家开始研究一个新的课题。The scientist has taken up a new subject.
要点拓展 （1）take up还表示“占据（时间、地方、空间等），消耗”。
That big table takes up too much room.那张大桌子占的地方太多了。
（2）take up还表示“拿起，举起（物）”。
She took up her bag and left.她拿起包走了。
（3）take up a hobby意为“养成一种爱好”。
My grandmother is going to take up a hobby like shopping on the Internet.我的祖母将养成在网
上购物的习惯。
【新题速递】-I don’t think teachers should give too much homework to ___B___ the free time of students.
-Exactly！
A. give up B. take up C. look up D. put up
要点9 deal with的用法
用法分析 deal with意为“对付；处理”。同义词组为do with. deal with还有“解决”的意思，相当于solve。
我应该怎样处理这个问题呢？How should I deal with this problem？
=What should I do with this problem？
这个问题不好解决。This problem is difficult to deal with.
注意 deal with侧重解决问题的方法，与how连用。do with侧重解决问题的对象，与what连用。
How do you deal with the matter？
=What do you do with the matter？你怎么处理这件事？
【新题速递】-I don’t know how to ___C___ the old books.
-Why not give them away to poor children？
A. hand out B. give up C. deal with D. take up
9.As she got better, she dared to sing in front of her class, and then for the whole school.随着她的情况逐步好转，她敢在全班面前唱歌，后来则为全校师生演唱。（P27）
要点10 as的用法
用法分析 as在此处为连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。
老师进来时，我们正在说话。We were talking as the teacher came in.
要点拓展 as的其他用法：
as 连词 正如 因为；由于 按……的方式；如同
介词 作为；当作 像；如同
Please do as I say.请按我说的去做。（连词）
As a student, you must study hard.作为一名学生，你必须努力学习。（介词）
【新题速递】___C___ it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes.
A. Though B. Unless C. As D. Until
要点11 dare的用法
用法分析 dare在此为实义动词，意为“敢于；胆敢”，此时有时态、数等的变化，一般不用于进行时。其后常跟不定式，即dare to do sth.，意为“敢于做某事”。
He didn’t dare to look at me in the eye.他不敢正眼看我。
要点拓展 dare还可做情态动词，意为“敢于；胆敢”，后接动词原形，常用在疑问句或否定句中。
I daren’t say you are right.我不敢说你是对的。
10.And I don’t have much private time anymore.我不再拥有很多私人时间。（P27）
要点12 private的用法
用法分析 private形容词，意为“私人的；私有的”。做表语或定语，相当于personal，反义词：public公共的。
是一封写给汤姆的私人信件。其他任何人都不可以打开它。This is a private letter for Tom. Nobody else can open it.这
固定搭配 private letters私人信件，private schools私立学校，private doctors私人医生。
要点拓展 private还做名词，in private私下地。
I wish to talk with you in private.我希望私下里同你谈话。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
Hey！What are you listening to？
It’s a private（私人的）conversation.
11.Hanging out with friends is almost impossible for me now because there are always guards around me.现在对我来说和朋友们一起闲逛几乎是不可能的，因为总是有保镖围着我。（P27）
句子结构分析 本句是动名词短语"Hanging out with friends"做主语，谓语动词用单数形式is。because引导原因状语队句，队句里包含there be句型。
要点13 with的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 with介词，表示“和……一起”；with还表示伴随状态、随身携带。
He likes to live with his parents.他喜欢和父母住在一起。
The teacher came in with a book under her arm.老师夹着书走进了教室。
要点拓展 （1）with还表示“带有，有着”。指“长着，戴着，带着……；有……的”，表示人/物的某种特征。
China is a country with a long history.中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。
My teacher is an Englishman with golden hair.我的老师是一个有金黄色头发的英国人。
（2）with表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质“具有，带有，加上，包括……在内”，如“加……的茶水，……馅的包子、水饺”等。
He doesn’t like tea with sugar.他不喜欢加糖的茶。
注意 当主语后含有with, together with时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。
He with his parents is going to visit the Great Wall next week.下星期他和父母要去参观长城。
【新题速递】Mr. Wang together with his wife and children ___A___ in the countryside.
A. enjoys living B. enjoy living C. enjoys to live D. enjoy to live
12...you have to be prepared to give up your normal life.……你必须准备好放弃你的正常生活。（P27）
要点14 prepare的用法
用法分析 prepare动词，意为“准备；预备；提防（某种情况）”，后可接双宾语。prepare for...为……做准备。形容词prepared“准备好的”，be prepared to do sth.相当于get ready to do sth.，表示“为……做准备”，be prepared for sth.相当于get ready for sth.。
我们正在为英语考试做准备。We are preparing for the English test.
他们准备好去那个国家工作了。They were prepared to go to work in that country.
固定搭配
prepare for...为……做准备 prepare的搭配 prepare sth准备某物/事
be prepared against sth.对……做好准备 prepare sth. for sb.=prepare sb. sth.为某人准备某物
prepare sb. for sth.使某人对某事有所准备 prepare to do sth.准备做某事
She prepared us a nice breakfast.
=She prepared a nice breakfast for us.她给我们准备了可口的早餐。
They were preparing to cross the river when it began to rain.他们正准备过河，突然下雨了。
The students are busy preparing for the final exam.学生们正在准备期末考试。
We must be prepared against war.我们必须备战。
The doctors and nurses are preparing the patient for the operation.医生和护士们在为病人的手术准备着。
【新题速递】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项
-Sarah seems to be confident about her performance tomorrow.
-So she is. She’s got prepared for it. C
A. sorry B. famous C. ready
要点15 give up的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 give up意为“放弃”，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式做宾语，接代词做宾语时，要把代词放于give和up之间。give up相当于drop/stop，give up doing sth.相当于drop sth.或stop doing sth.。
不要放弃希望。一切会很快结束的。Don’t give up hope. Everything will be over soon.
要点拓展 （1）后接doing做宾语的动词短语：be busy， look forward to，be used to，can’t help，give up，feel like，keep on等。
（2）含give的动词短语有：give up放弃；give away赠送；give out分发；give in 投降；give off散发；give back归还。
【新题速递】It’s not good for you to smoke so much；you’d better ___C___.
A. give up it B. give them up C. give it up
13.You really require a lot of talent and hard work to succeed.要想成功，你确实需要许多天赋和努力。（P27）
要点16 require的用法
用法分析 require表示“需要；需求”，相当于need。
这条建议需要认真考虑。This suggestion requires/needs careful thought.
要点拓展 （1）require doing =require to be done意为“需要某事被做”。
Your mobile phone requires/needs mending.
=Your mobile phone requires/needs to be mended.你的手机需要修理。
（2）require sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”，相当于require sth. of/from sb.。
They required us to help them.他们要求我们帮助他们。
Each student is required to have a composition by her.
=She requires a composition of each student.她要求每个学生写一篇作文。
【新题速递】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项
（深圳中考）-I dream to be a great dancer when I grow up.
-That’s great. But it requires confidence and practice. C
A. gets B. has C. needs
14.Only a very small number of people make it to the top.只有极少数人可以攀上成功之巅。（P27）
要点17 a number of的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 a number of与many用法相同，其后接可数名词复数形式。number前还可用large，small，great等词修饰。
书架上有许多书。There are a number of books on the shelves.
要点辨析 a number of，the number of
a number of 许多，后接可数名词复数。做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式
the number of ……的数量，后接可数名词复数。做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
A number of students in our school come from Shandong.我们学校的很多学生来自山东。
谓语动词用复数形式
The number of the students in our school is 4,000.我们学校有4000名学生。
谓语动词用单数形式
【新题速递】Nowadays, ___C___ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ______ of them are adults.
A. the number of；four-fifths
B. a number of；four-fifth
C. a number of；four-fifths
D. the number of；four -five
要点18 make it的用法
用法分析 make it在此处用来表示达到预期目标，意为“办成，做到，成功”。
他想作为一名演员而一举成名。He wants to make it as an actor.
要点拓展 make it的其他用法：
尤指在困难情况下准时到达，赶上
能够出席（或到场）
幸免于难；渡过难关
If we run, we should make it.如果我们跑的话，我们应该来得及。
The doctors think he’s going to make it.医生们认为他能挺过去。
15.being alone独处（P28）
要点19 alone的用法
用法分析alone在此做形容词，意为“孤身一人的，无伴的”，在句中做表语，不能做定语修饰名词。
父母外出了，只有我一个人在家。My parents have gone out and I’m alone in the house.
要点拓展 alone还可做副词，意为“独自；单独”。
I don’t like going out alone at night.我不喜欢夜晚单独外出。
要点辨析 alone，lonely
alone单独的，独自的 形容词 做表语 重在单独无伴
alone独自地，单独地 副词 做状语 数量上指一个，相当于by oneself
lonely孤独的，寂寞的 形容词 做表语或定语 强调感情孤独、寂寞
I’m alone but I don’t feel lonely.我单身一人，但我不觉得孤独。
I’ll go there alone.我将独自去那儿。
【新题速递】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项
It is very relaxing to listen to light music by oneself. C
A. together B. lonely C. alone D. again
16.giving a speech in public在公共场合演讲（P28）
要点20 in public的用法
用法分析 in public意为“公开地”，为介词短语，相当于in public places。
别在公开场合喧哗。Don’t speak loudly in public.
他公开做了一次演讲。He gave a speech in public.
注意 the public做主语，谓语可以是单数，也可以是复数。
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
玛丽当众讲话时总是很自信。
Mary is always confident when she speaks in public.
针对训练
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子
1.Lucy is polite and helpful（乐于助人的）. We all like her.
2.Do you require/need（需要）anything else？
3.The reporter waited so long to interview（采访）the headmaster yesterday.
4.You shouldn’t leave your child in the house alone（单独）.
5.No.2 Middle School is a public school, not a private（私人的）one.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
6.I need silence（silent）when I am studying.
7.She can speak little English but she dares to talk（talk）with foreigners.
8.Miss Lin has taught us English since we came（come）to this school.
Ⅲ.单项填空
9.I think tea will taste better ___B___ some milk in it.
A. for B. with C. from D. at
10.-The rain is too heavy；we can hardly go out, can we？
- ___A___, or we’ll get wet and have a cold.
A. No, we can’t B. Yes, we can’t C. Yes, we can D. No, we can
11.While watching the film yesterday, I couldn’t stop laughing at some ___A___ moments.
A. humorous B. challenging C. dangerous D. surprising
12.-Simon failed the exam again.
-That’s not puter games ___D___ too much of his time.
A. take in B. take on C. take off D. take up
13. ___D___ a sports fan, my brother is looking forward ______ the 2024 Olympic Games in
Paris.
A. Of；in B. With；for C. For；at D. As；to
14.A number of visitors ___A___ visiting the West Lake and the number of the visitors ______ increasing.
A. are；is B. is；are C. are；are D. is；is
15.-We’ve been trying hard, but can’t solve the problem.
-I think you can ___B___ it in another way.
A. share with B. deal with C. keep up with D. point out with
Ⅳ.根据汉语意思完成句子
16.迈克是个什么样的人？
What’s Mike like
17.我昨天晚上熬夜为期末考试做准备了。
I stayed up to prepare for the final exam last night.
18.你不应该放弃上大学的机会。
You shouldn’t give up the chance to go to college.
19.她不喜欢在公众场合大声谈笑。
She does not like to talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.
20.你不必担心。他会办成的。
You needn’t worry. He will make it.
Section B
教材要点精析
1.It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school.很难相信他以前在学校也面临困难。（P30）
句子结构分析 it做形式主语，动词不定式短语to believe that he used to have difficulties in school是真正的主语，其中that从句做believe的宾语。
要点1 have difficulty in sth.的用法
用法分析 have difficulty in sth.表示“在某方面有困难”。have difficulty（in）doing sth.表示“做某事很困难、费劲”，相当于have problems/trouble（in）doing sth.，介词in是可以省略的，problems/difficulty/trouble前面可以加修饰词some，a little，great，no，a lot of等。
许多国家在经济方面遇到了困难。Many countries have difficulty in the economic sphere.
I have difficulty in learning English.我学英语有困难。
【新题速递】-I’m Daisy, not Jessie.
-Sorry, I have difficulty ___A___ people’s names.
A. remembering B. remember C. to remember D. remembered
2.When he was a little boy, he seldom caused any problems...当他是个小男孩的时候，他很少惹麻烦，……（P30）
要点2 seldom的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 seldom意为“很少，不常”，是表示频率的否定词，用于be动词、情态动词和助动词之后或实义动词之前。
I seldom travel by ship.我很少乘船旅行。
中考特殊考点 seldom为否定副词，含seldom的句子本身是否定意义，变反意疑问句时，后面的简略问句应用肯定形式。
You seldom go to the library, do you？你很少去图书馆，是吗？
联想助忆 频度副词表示频率的高低依次为：
always→usually→often-→sometimes→seldom→hardly （ever）→never。
注意seldom位于句首时，句子倒装。
Seldom is she late for school.她上学很少迟到。
【新题速递】Mr. Liu ___B___ watches TV. He thinks watching TV is
a waste of time.
A. often B. seldom C. always D. usually
3.Li Wen’s unhappiness began to influence his schoolwork.李文的不开心开始影响到他的学业。（P30）
要点3 influence的用法
用法分析 influence为及物动词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为：
influence sth./sb.影响某事/某人
be influenced by...受……的影响
老师的话影响了他的一生。His teacher’s words influenced him for all his life.
别让我影响了你的决定。Don’t let me influence your decision.
要点拓展 influence为名词，意为“影响”，常用搭配为：
have an influence on sb./sth.对某人/某事有影响
under the influence of....在……的影响之下（特指外界的影响，常指在药物、酒精或不良因素的影响下）
Family education has an important influence on children.家庭教育对孩子有重要影响。
He’s very much under the influence of the older
boys.那些比他大的男孩对他的影响很大。
【新题速递】根据汉语提示完成句子
The Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation which was held in Beijing on May 15th had a very deep influence（影响）on almost all the countries.
4.Sometimes he was absent from classes and failed his examinations.有时他旷课、考试不及格。（P30）
要点4 be absent from的用法
用法分析 be absent from...意为“缺席……”，其中absent为形容词，意为“缺席的；不在的”。
好学生是不会逃课的。A good student would not be absent from classes
词形转换
fail v.失败；不及格 failure n.失败
反义词succeed v.成功 fail to do sth.未能做某事
反义词pass v.（考试）及格；通过 fail the exam考试不及格
【新题速递】-Simon has been ___C___ school for 2 days. What’s wrong with him？
-It’s said that he has a cold.
A. nervous about B. thirsty for C. absent from D. worried about
要点5 fail的用法
用法分析 fail为动词，意为“不及格；失败；未能（做到）”，既可做及物动词又可做不及物动词。
他数学考试不及格。He failed the examination in mathematics.
要点拓展 （1）fail to do sth.意为“未能做某事”，而不是“做某事失败”。
They failed to find the right way.他们未能找到正确的路。
（2）fail in sth.表示“在某方面失败”，其反义短语为succeed in sth.，表示“在某方面成功”。
They failed in business.他们经商失败了。
【新题速递】-I’ve tried hard at my schoolwork but still ___A___.
-Don’t be upset. Sometimes losing is only a sign that you really tried.
A. failed B. worried C. improved D. succeeded
要点6 examination的用法
用法分析 examination=exam名词，意为“考试”。
努力学习，你就会通过考试的。Study hard, and you’ll pass the exam.
要点拓展 exam/examination指正式的“考试”，如期中考试，入学考试等。test指“测验，考查，小考”，也可指正规的考试或考查。
She is going to have a math exam.她要参加一次数学考试。
We are going to have an English test next week.下周我们打算进行一次英语测试。
固定搭配pass the exam考试及格，fail （in）the exam考试不及格，take an exam参加考试。
联想助忆 examine v.（仔细地）检查；检验→examination n.考试；审查。
5.She advised them to talk with their son in person.她建议他们亲自与自己的儿子谈一谈。（P30）
要点7 advise的用法
用法分析advise为及物动词，意为“建议；劝告；忠告”，常用结构为：
advise sb. on/about sth. 就……建议某人
advise sb.（not）to do sth. 建议某人（不要）做某事
advise sb. against doing sth. 建议某人不要做某事
advise doing sth. 建议做某事
advise + that从句 建议……（从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）
就写作方面，你能给我提建议吗？Could you advise me on my writing？
我建议我的爷爷奶奶去看医生。I advised my grandparents to see the doctor.
我建议她不要喝酒。I advised her against drinking.
我们建议乘出租车到那里。We advise taking a taxi to get there.
I advise that he（should）go at once.我建议他（应该）立刻出发。
要点拓展 advice不可数名词，意为“劝告；建议”。与piece（s）of，some等连用。
Mrs. Green gave us some advice on how to learn English well.格林夫人给了我们一些怎样学好英语的建议。
固定搭配：a piece of advice一条建议、忠告；take/follow one’s advice接受/听从/采纳某人的建议；ask for sb.’s advice征求某人的意见；give sb. some advice给某人一些建议。
【新题速递】Evans had a sore throat. His friend advised him ___B___ some hot water.
A. drinking B. to drink C. drink D. drank
要点8 in person的用法
用法分析 in person为固定短语，意为“亲身；亲自”，中间不加任何冠词，在句中做状语。
你最好亲自去那里。You’d better go there in person.
【新题速递】根据汉语意思完成句子
经理亲自为顾客解决了这个问题。
The manager solved the problem for the customer in person.
6. “It was exactly what I needed, ”he said.“那正是我所需要的，”他说道。（P30）
要点9 exactly的用法
用法分析exactly副词，意为“确切地，精确地”。用作答语或表示赞同用语“确实如此；一点儿不错”，可以单独使用，也可以修饰动词或形容词。
确切地告诉我，玛丽住在哪儿。Tell me exactly where Mary lives.
那的确是他所说的话That’s exactly what he did say.
注意 Not exactly.“并不；不完全；并设有”，用于纠正某人说过的话“并非如此；不完全是这样”。
-And you refused？那么你拒绝了？
-Well, not exactly. I couldn’t say yes.嗯，不完全是。我没办法答应。
要点拓展 exact做形容词，意为“确切的，精确的”。
【新题速递】-You don’t like British breakfast, do you？
-Not ___D___.I just need some time to get used to it.
A. more B. only C. truly D. exactly
7.Now I understand that even though they are busy, they are always thinking of me.现在我懂得了，尽管他们很忙，但他们一直都挂念着我。（P30）
句子结构分析 本句结构比较复杂。首先，它是一个含有that引导的宾语从句的复合句，主句是Now I understand，在宾语从句中又含even though引导的让步状语队句，就是they are busy，主句是they are always thinking of me.
要点10 even though的用法
用法分析 even though意为“尽管；即使；纵然”，引导让步状语从句，同义词组为even if，表示退一步设想，含有转折的意味。
尽管他失败了，但他仍然坚持他的梦想。Even though he failed, he still held on to his dreams.
【新题速递】（东营中考）WeChat Pay（微信支付）makes our life convenient. We can buy things ___C___ we don’t take any money.
A. unless B. because C. even if D. so that
8.They take pride in everything good that I do.他们为我做的每一件好事而感到自豪。（P30）
句子结构分析 本句中的that I do是定语队句，修怖先行词everything。当everything做先行词时，关系代词只能用that，而不能用which，此句中的everything同时还被后置开形容词good修饰。
要点11 take pride in的用法（高频考点）
用法分析 take pride in意为“为……感到骄傲、自豪”，后接让人引以为傲的对象，相当于be proud of，意为“因……而自豪，为……感到骄傲”。pride是名词“骄傲”；proud是形容词“骄傲的”。
这位年轻妈妈因为她聪明的儿子而感到自豪。
The young mother took pride in her clever son.
=The young mother was proud of her clever son.
固定搭配 （1）be proud to do sth.以做某事为自豪。
She is proud to be a member of this organization.她以属于这个组织而感到自豪。
（2）be the pride of是……的自豪、骄傲。
He is the pride of his parents.他是父母的骄傲。
【新题速递】选出与画线部分意思相同或相近的选项
We, Chinese people, are proud of the Great Wall. A
A. take pride in B. take action on C. take a look at D. take part in
9.General introduction about the changes in your life.总的介绍你生活中的改变。（P32）
要点12 general的用法
用法分析 general 做形容词，意为“总的；普遍的；常规的”。
冬天，英国气候一般是寒冷的。Cold weather is general in Britain in winter.
固定搭配 in general总的说来；通常；大体上。generally speaking总的说来；总而言之。
In general, physics is only one science among many.大体上说，物理学只是许多学科中的一门学科。
Generally speaking, the plan is practical.总的来说，这个计划是可行的。
【新题速递】根据句意及首字母提示补全单词
Generally speaking, different countries have different table manners.
10.My life has changed a lot in the last few years.在过去的几年里，我的生活改变了很多。（P32）
要点13 in the last few years的用法
用法分析 in the last few years意为“在过去的几年里”，与现在完成时连用。
在过去的几年里，我进步很快。I have made great progress in the last few years.
要点拓展 in the last...weeks/months/years意为“在过去的……周/月/年里”，相当于“in the past+时间段”，都是现在完成时的标志词。
Society has changed a lot in the last hundred years.近百年来社会发生了很大的变化。
He has learned lots of English words in the last few months.在过去的几个月里，他学习了很多的英语单词。
We’ve planted thousands of trees in the past five years.过去五年，我们种了成千上万棵树。
【新题速递】-What do you think of your junior school life？
—It ___C___ some sweat memories in my heart in the past three years.
A. leave B. left C. has left D. will leave
针对训练
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.I had great difficulty in working（work）out that problem.
2.You need to tell me exactly（exact）what happened to Tom.
3.Qingdao has changed（change）greatly in the last few years. It’s a great attraction for many tourists.
4.Generally（general）speaking, I think life is better today.
5.We advise young parents not to leave（not leave）their children at home alone in order to keep them away from danger.
Ⅱ.单项填空
6.Nelson ___D___ exercises because he has too much work every day.
A. usually B. always C. often D. seldom
7.We are all ___C___ little Mary because she won the first place in the piano competition.
A. thankful to B. interested in C. proud of
8.If you don’t work hard for most of the year and then work hard for only a few days before the exam, you will probably ___C___.
A. succeed B. finish C. fail D. pass
9. ___D___ Frank left school at 16，he still became a successful writer.
A. Ever since B. In fact C. After all D. Even though
10.The actions and words of celebrities（名人）can have a great ___D___ because many people may follow them. So they should pay more attention to their behavior and speech.
A. change B. surprise C. progress D. influence
Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.如果你总是缺课，你会考试不及格的。
If you are always absent from classes, you will fail the examination.
12.努力学习，你会通过这次考试的。
Study hard, and you will pass the exam /examination.
13.你必须亲自填写这份表格。
You have to complete the form in person.
14.总的说来，法国是个著名的地方。
In general, France is a famous place.
15.我们为我们国家取得的伟大成就而自豪。
We the great take pride in progress our country has made.
单元语法讲练
语法精讲
used to的用法
used to为固定结构，意为“过去常常……”，属于情态动词的范畴，其后跟动词原形，即used to do sth.，意为“过去常常做某事”，used to无人称和时态的变化，used to表示过去存在的某种状态或过去某种经常性、习惯性的行为或动作，并意味着这种情况目前已不复存在，侧重于过去与现在的对比。
He used to play baseball after school.他过去放学后常打棒球。
一、used to的句式
句式 构成
肯定句形式 主语+used to+动词原形十其他。
否定句形式 主语+didn’t use to+动词原形十其他。/主语+usedn’t to+动词原形+其他。
一般疑问句形式 Did+主语+use to+动词原形+其他？/Used+主语+to+动词原形+其他？
反意疑问句形式 附加问句部分可以使用“didn’t/usedn’t+主语？”
【教材原句】I used to be afraid of the dark.我过去怕黑。
She didn’t use to like tests.她过去不喜欢考试。
-Did he use to wear glasses？他过去戴眼镜吗？
-Yes, he did.是的，他戴眼镜。
They used to live in Beijing, didn’t/usedn’t they？他们过去住在北京，对吗？
注意 used to用于there be结构中，形式为there used to be，表示“过去曾有”。
There used to be a school here.这儿曾经有一所学校。
二、辨析used to do sth.；be used to（doing）sth.；be used to do sth.；be used for
1.used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事（现在不做了），过去曾经做某事”，只用于过去时态。
I used to go shopping on Mondays, but now I do it on Sundays.我过去常在周一购物，但现在我周日去购物。
2.be used to（doing）sth.表示“习惯于（做）某事”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，用于现在、过去或将来时态。be也可换为get或become。
He is used to dealing with matters of this kind.他习惯于处理这类事情。
3.be used to do sth.表示“被用于做某事”，be used是被动语态结构，用于各种时态，不定式to表目的。
Stamps can be used to send letters.邮票可以用来寄信。
4.“be used for+名词或动词-ing形式”表示“被用于……”
A pen is used for writing.钢笔是用来写字的。
语法专练
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.-Molly has changed so much！She ___A___ be shy and quiet.
-Yeah. But now she ______ speaking in front of class.
A. used to；is used to
B. is used to；used to
C. used to；used to
2.His father ___A___ a taxi driver. Now he works for a charity.
A. used to be B. is used to being C. is
3 During the Spring Festival, the young ____A__ a kowtow（磕头）to the elders, but now they only give them best wishes.
A. used to give B. were used to give C. were used to giving
4.Miss. Li likes swimming very much and now she ___C___ on Saturday afternoon.
A. used to swim B. is used to swim C. is used to swimming
5.-What do you usually do before going to bed？
—I ___C___.
A. used to write diaries
B. am used to sleeping
C. am used to reading
6.Sam used to ___A___ games for fun, but now he wants to do
A. play；something else
B. playing；something else
C. play；else something
D. playing；else something
7.Dick ___A___ in America, but he has been Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live；used to eating
B. is used to live；used to eat
C. is used to live；used to eating
D. used to living；used to eat
8.___B___ We used to in the evening, but now we are used to ______ early in the morning.
A. exercise；exercise B. exercise；exercising
C. exercised；exercise D. exercising；exercise
9.I’ll never forget the town in which there ___A___ a clean river and many big tall trees.
A. used to be B. used to have
C. was used to being D. was used to having
10.-I remember there ___D___ a lot of fish in Yanglan Lake. Now it has been polluted.
-What a pity. I think we should play a role in protecting the environment.
A. are used to have B. are used to be C. used to have D. used to be
Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子
11.多年以来，他已经习惯开工前为自己泡杯咖啡。
He has been used to making himself a cup of coffee before work since many years ago.
12.过去我们学校周围有许多树。
There used to be many trees around our school.
13.现在在十堰，大多数司机习惯了在斑马线前停下来等人先行。
These days, most drivers are used to stopping to wait for people to cross the road first at the zebra crossing in Shiyan.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
14.我过去常常害羞。（used to）
I used to be shy.
15.这位老人习惯于早上7点起床。
The old person is used to getting up at 7:00 a.m.
单元话题写作
今昔变化
写作分析
本单元的话题是“How we have changed（我们已经发生了怎样的变化）”，主要围绕人或事物从过去到现在所发生的变化展开描述。该话题在中考中通常表现为两种形式：（1）介绍人物在外貌或性格上的变化；（2）介绍某个地区或某人在生活方面的变化。这两种形式都和“变化”有关。
在写此类文章时，首先要理清写作的逻辑顺序，注意过去与现在的对比。在句式的使用上，既可用句型used to do/be..., but not...，也可直接用一般过去时描述过去的情况，用一般现在时描写现在的情况，各种句式交替使用，以免使文章显得呆板。如何写好这类文章，主要需要掌握以下词汇和句型句式：
※常用词汇
used to...过去常常……
take place发生
be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事
※常用句型句式
I have changed a lot in the past few years....在过去的几年里我变化很大……
Three years ago,when1...三年前，当我……
With your help, I changed...在你的帮助下，我改变了……
Now, I am...现在，我……
People sure change.人们当然会改变。
I can hardly recognize her.我几乎认不出她。
※常用开头结尾句
I have changed a lot since I moved to this new school this term.这学期，自从我搬到这所新学校，我已经改变了许多。
Now I become more interested in my studies, and my grades are improving a lot.现在，我变得更爱学习了，成绩提高很快。
In a word, people live better than before.总之，人们居住得比以前好多了。
Great changes have taken place in people’s life in the last few years.在过去的几年里，人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around me.在过去的几年里，我周围发生了巨大的变化。
All in all, our life has gradually improved.总之，我们的生活已经逐渐改善了。
I’m sure as time goes on, our life will become better and better！我相信随着时间的推移，我们的生活会变得越来越好！
经典试题
随着年龄的增长，你周围的事物也发生了很大的变化。请根据以下提示，以“Great Changes around Me”为题，写一篇短文。
写作要点：1.过去，道路狭窄（narrow），房屋老旧，空气……河水……；
2.现在。路面洁净、宽阔，交通便利；高楼林立；蓝天白云，满城绿树鲜花，小鸟歌唱；人们……；
3.感受……。
写作要求：1.要点齐全，省略号处须作适当发挥，但不要逐句翻译；
2.语句连贯，条理清晰，详略得当，书写工整；
3文中不得出现任何真实的信息（地名、校名和人名等）；
4.100词左右，短文的题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Great Changes around Me
In the past few years, great changes have taken place around me. _______________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
思路点拨 过去 used to be; roads, houses, air, river...
现在 Nowadays; roads, wide, convenient, buildings, sky, birds, trees, flowers...
感受 Country; rich and strong; people；living a happy life our life will become better and better
佳作赏析
Great Changes around Me
In the past few years①, great changes have taken place around me. The roads used to② be narrow and crowded. The houses were old and small. The air wasn’t fresh enough. Sometimes, there was terrible smell. The river was polluted badly and there was rubbish in it.
Nowadays③, the roads are wide and clean. It’s really convenient for people to go out④.We can choose different kinds of transportation to go anywhere. Lots of tall buildings have been built⑤ in the city. Most of us have moved to big beautiful houses. The sky is blue and the cloud is white. The birds are singing happily. My hometown looks like a big garden with green trees, grass and colorful flowers.⑥
Our country is rich and strong; we are living a happy life. I’m sure as time goes on, our life will become better and better！⑦
①in the past few years引出完成时态，指出发生的变化。
②used to引出过去的情况，用词准确，引出下面表示过去的词汇。
③说明现在的情况，用于一般现在时。
④It’s+形容间+for sb.to do sth.句式描述现在的情况，句式精准。
⑤have been built完成时的被动语态体现了作者较高的语言驾驭能力。
⑥with…点出了家乡环境的优美。
⑦rich and strong，a happy life，better and better表达了作者的感受，感情真挚，起到了画龙点睛的作用。

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