资源简介

4 A Horrible Earthquake
4 可怕的地震
Dirty water rose in wells and canals before the earthquake.
地震前，水井和运河里的污水都涨涌起来。
But no one judged that an earthquake was coming.
但是却没人判断出地震即将来临。
Suddenly, everything shook. It seemed as if the world was at an end.
霎那间，一切都在摇晃，似乎整个世界就要结束。
Millions of brick houses and a number of dams were destroyed.
数以百万的砖房和许多水坝遭到破坏；
Railway tracks became useless bars. Pipes in mines burst and let out smelly steam.
铁路轨道都变成无用的铁条；煤矿管道纷纷爆裂，发出有臭味的蒸汽；
Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere.
到处都有骑车的人被巨大的裂缝困住。
The next day, this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers.
第二天，所有报纸都纷纷以头条或主要标题报道了这一事件。
With the reporters giving an outline of the disaster, the whole nation was shocked by the
damage and the victim’s extreme suffering.
记者们描述了灾难的大概情况，全国都被地震导致的破坏和灾民们极度的苦难所震惊。
People were moved when they read that the survivors comforted each other by saying
“Congratulations! You survived!”
当人们读到幸存者以“恭喜啊，你还活着。”来互相安慰时，都被感动了。
So they not only expressed their sympathy sincerely, but also organized together to help the
victims right away.
人们不仅衷心地表达了他们的同情，而且还立刻组织起来帮助灾民。
The injured were rescued and the dead were buried.
伤员受到救助，死者被埋葬。
The frightened survivors were dug out from under the ruins and were offered shelter, fresh
water and electricity.
吓坏的幸存者被从废墟中挖出来了，栖身处、净水和电力也很快得到供给。
Thanks to people’s help, the loss was minimized.
多亏了人们的帮助，灾区的损失被减到了最小。
Vocabulary 词汇表
1. dirty / d rti/ - 脏的；肮脏的 9. brick /br k/ - 砖块；砖头
2. well /w l/ - 井；健康的；良好地 10. a number of / n mb r v/ - 许多；一些
3. canal /k n l/ - 运河；水道 11. dam /d m/ - 水坝；堰
4. earthquake / rθkwe k/ - 地震；地震的 12. destroy /d str / - 摧毁；毁灭
5. judge /d d / - 法官；判断 13. track /tr k/ - 轨道；跟踪
6. as if / z f/ - 好像；仿佛 14. useless / jusl s/ - 无用的；无效的
7. at an end / t n nd/ - 结束了；结束 15. bar /bɑ r/ - 铁条；酒吧；禁止
8. millions of / m lj nz v/ - 数百万；成千上 16. pipe /pa p/ - 管道；管子
万的 17. mine /ma n/ - 矿山；地雷
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18. burst /b rst/ - 爆裂；突然发生 33. extreme / k stri m/ - 极端的；极度的
19. smelly / sm li/ - 臭的；有臭味的 34. suffering / s f r / - 苦难；痛苦
20. steam /sti m/ - 蒸汽；蒸发 35. survivor /s va v r/ - 幸存者；生还者
21. crack /kr k/ - 裂缝；破裂 36. congratulation /k n ɡr t u le n/ - 祝贺；
22. trap /tr p/ - 陷阱；困境 恭喜
23. cyclist / sa kl st/ - 骑自行车的人；自行车 37. express / k spr s/ - 表达；快递
手 38. sincerely /s n s rli/ - 真诚地；诚挚地
24. event / v nt/ - 事件；活动 39. right away /ra t we / - 立刻；马上
25. headline / h dla n/ - 大字标题；头条 40. injure / nd r/ - 伤害；受伤
26. title / ta tl/ - 标题；头衔 41. rescue / r skju / - 营救；救援
27. reporter /r p rt r/ - 记者；报道者 42. bury / b ri/ - 埋葬；掩埋
28. outline / a tla n/ - 大纲；轮廓 43. frighten / fra tn/ - 惊吓；吓唬
29. disaster /d z st r/ - 灾难；灾祸 44. dig out /d ɡ a t/ - 挖出；发掘
30. nation / ne n/ - 国家；民族 45. ruin / ru n/ - 毁坏；毁灭
31. shock / ɑ k/ - 震惊；休克 46. shelter / lt r/ - 庇护所；避难所
32. damage / d m d / - 损害；破坏 47. electricity / l k tr s ti/ - 电力；电能
Morphology 构词法
Prefixes & Suffixes 前后缀
(1) -y: dirty / d rti/ 肮脏的，smelly / smeli/ 难闻的，dusty / d sti/ 上灰的
(2) -less: useless / ju sl s/ 无用的，harmless / hɑ ml s/ 无害的，pointless / p ntl s/ 无意义的
(3) -ist: cyclist / sa kl st/ 骑车者，artist / ɑ t st/ 艺术家，scientist / sa nt st/ 科学家
(4) -ing: suffering / s f r / 痛苦，painting / pe nt / 油画，building / b ld / 建筑物
(5) -tion: congratulation /k n ɡr t u le n/ 祝贺，information / nf r me n/ 信息，education
/ d ke n/ 教育
(6) -ize: minimize / m n ma z/ 使最小化，generalize / d en r la z/ 使一般化，modernize
/ m d na z/ 使现代化
Etymology 词源学
Root Word 词根
-vit, viv-=life 生命
(1) vitamin / v t m n/ 音译：维他命，意译：维生素
(2) vital / va tl/ = vit+al 跟生命有关的，性命攸关的，非常重要的
(3) vitality /va t l ti/ = ability to live 生命力，活力
(4) revitalize /ri va t la z/ = re+vital+ize 复苏，复兴
(5) revive /r va v/ = re+viv 恢复生机，复苏
(6) vivid / v v d/ 充满生命的，鲜活的，生动的
(7) survive /s va v/ = sur+viv 超越生命，幸存
surpass /s pɑ s/ 超越，胜过 surreal /s ri l/ 超现实的 surplus / s rpl s/ 超过多余，盈余
(11) vivacious /v ve s/ = viva + cious = full of life 有活力的，激情四射的
(12) vivisection / v v sek n/ = vivi + sect + tion = life + cut + act 切割生命的行为，活体解剖
insect / nsekt/ 昆虫 segment / seɡm nt/ 片段 section / sek n/ 部分 intersect / nt r sekt/
交割，交叉 dissect /d sekt/ 肢解
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