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北京市第五十七中学2024-2025学年高三8月考试
高三英语 2024.08
本场考试笔试部分共90分钟，满分100分。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）
第一节 完形填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
I entered this world with Poland syndrome, a disease that prevented the formation of my right arm and muscles. My parents believed playing with Lego could enhance my 1 and gifted me my first kit when I was five. Initially I 2 to piece the the components together but finally I crafted my first Lego work – a car. By the age of nine, I had fashioned my first prosthetic arm (义肢) using Lego– a simple box that perfectly accommodated my right arm.
This early creation sparked my drive for further 3 . Years later, I developed another prosthetic arm called the MK-1, which had fingers, a motor, a pressure sensor, and a grabber capable of 4 things. Before constructing it, I was against traditional prosthetics as they were too 5 . My parents had looked into getting one years earlier, only to be discouraged by the prohibitive price. So, I concluded that I might not need one because I was managing well without.
As the years passed, my creations evolved from MK-1 to the more advanced and comfortable MK-V. One day, a couple with their eight-year-old son, who lost both arms in an accident, reached out to me after learning about my story. Short of money, they couldn’t afford well-functioning prosthetics. “Daniel,” the father 6 asked, “we were wondering if you could help build a set of prosthetics for our son.”
It would be a challenging task, but I responded with a “yes”. Without any delay, I 7 the task. The subsequent days witnessed how I carefully selected the Lego piece and intricately integrated practical components to enhance its dexterity (灵巧). Days turned into weeks, and the boy-customized prosthetics finally took shape. It’s time for them to fulfill their intended purpose.
I rushed to the boy’s home and 8 the prosthetics onto him. They worked! The room erupted with cheers! The boy expressed his gratitude and sprinted to his parents to 9 them in the biggest hug. Never had I imagined that my creations, born out of mere 10 , would someday make such a difference.
1. A. stability B. mobility C. flexibility D. reliability
2. A. learned B. attempted C. managed D. struggled
3. A. effort B. investment C. application D. exploration
4. A. picking up B. setting up C. pulling up D. rolling up
5. A. unstable B. expensive C. inconvenient D. clumsy
6. A. gratefully B. desperately C. hurriedly D. earnestly
7. A. embarked on B. set off C. figured out D. carried on
8. A. secured B. placed C. guaranteed D. stuck
9. A. encounter B. engrave C. engage D. envelop
10. A. awe B. dedication C. fun D. boredom
第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
As a distinctive visual art symbol of China, Chinese paper cutting, ____11____ (be) around for centuries. With a piece of paper and a pair of scissors, diverse patterns ranging from portraits to animal zodiacs ____12____ (create) with delicate designs. The art of Chinese paper cutting is believed ____13____ (originate) in China even before the invention of paper by Cai Lun in 105 CE.
B
A golden cat was shot by an infrared（红外线的）camera in the forests in Gansu province in early September. This was the first time that an image of this rare animal ____14____（capture）in the Bailongjiang forest area in Gansu. The golden cat is a carnivorous（食肉的）mammal ____15____ (live) in mountain forests, ____16____ footprints can be seen from humid evergreen forests to broad-leaved mixed forests at an altitude of 3,000 meters.
C
____17____ the Chinese Olympic team won the second most MEDALS at the Paris Games has spread across the streets and lanes. Sun Yingsha, China's 23-year-old table tennis player ____18____ won two gold medals was again in the spotlight when she, as the ____19____ (represent) of Asia, ceremoniously extinguished the Olympic flame on Sunday night, ____20____ athletes from other continents, the International Olympic Committee Refugee Olympic Team, and host nation France, as well as IOC President Thomas Bach.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节,38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Painting is an ancient medium and even with the introduction of photography, film and digital technology, it still has remained a persistent mode of expression. So many paintings have come into being over the years but only a small percentage of them could be described as “timeless classics”. The following are some of the most famous paintings of all time.
Leonardo Da Vinci, Mona Lisa, 1503 — 1519
Painted between 1503 and 1519,Leonardo da Vinci’s attractive portrait has been a subject of controversy since the day it was made, due to two questions: Who’s the subject and why is she smiling A number of theories for the former have been provided over the years: That she’s the wife of the Florentine merchant Francesco di Bartolomeo del Giocondo and that she’s Leonardo’s mother, Caterina. As for that famous smile, its quality has driven people crazy for hundreds of years.
James Abbott McNeill Whistler, Arrangement in Grey and Black No.1, 1871
Whistler’s Mother, or Arrangement in Grey and Black No.1,as it’s actually titled, speaks to the artist’s ambition to pursue art for art’s sake. James Abbott McNeill Whistler painted the work in his London studio in 1871. Whistler’s mother Anna is pictured as one of several elements locked into an arrangement of right angles. Her severe expression fits in with the rigidity of the composition, and it’s somewhat ironic to note that despite Whistler’s formalist intentions, the painting became a symbol of motherhood.
Jan van Eyck, The Arnolfini Portrait,1434
As one of the most significant works produced during the Northern Renaissance, this composition is believed to be one of the first paintings finished in oils. It portrays an Italian merchant and a woman who may or may not be his bride. In 1934.the celebrated art historian Erwin Panofsky proposed that the painting is actually a wedding contract. What can be reliably said is that the piece used orthogonal perspective to create a sense of space. It feels like a painting you could step into.
21.What aspect of the Mona Lisa has attracted people for centuries
A. The research methods. B. The mysterious smile.
C. The attractive clothing. D. The matching of colors.
22. Why did Whistler paint her mother
A. To show love for his mother. B. To be a symbol of motherhood.
C. To express his artistic intention. D. To decorate his studio in London.
23. Who used orthogonal perspective to create a sense of space
A. Leonardo da Vinci. B. James Abbott McNeill Whistler.
C. Jan van Eyck. D. Erwin Panofsky.
B
Bill Sumiel was having a tough Friday. It was October 2020,and the 71-year-old,who was dealing with kidney failure and had been on dialysis (透 析) for a few years, found himself away from home.
He’d been diagnosed with diabetes (糖 尿 病) over 20 years before, which led to his kidney problems. He was on the transplant list, but no matches had yet appeared. So he continued with his treatments periodically. Without a ride lined up for Friday’s do-over, Sumiel took Ubers to and from his appointment.
Timothy Letts,31,was driving to visit a friend when his phone received the request for Sumiel’s ride home. When Sumiel got into his car, Letts could see that the older man was unenergetic but in good spirits. And as they set out to Sumiel’s home, the pair got to chatting. During conversation, Sumiel revealed that he was searching for a kidney donor. Letts joked that he’d be a good donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink or smoke.
Sumiel agreed, though he didn’t think much of it. Letts, however, couldn’t stop thinking about it and it was always on his mind. So, Letts said: “I’d like to see if I could be a match to give you a kidney.”
“I was shocked,” Sumiel recalls. He was shaking so hard that he could barely write his name when they exchanged contact information
After the initial excitement, Sumiel started feeling less optimistic. He was touched by Letts’s offer, but he wondered if it had just been an emotional moment. Would he hear from him And what was the likelihood of a match
But Letts was true to his word. He got in touch with Sumiel just a few hours later, and by the next week, Letts had contacted the kidney transplant program. After a series of testing, the results were in: Letts was an ideal donor, and he and Sumiel were a perfect match.
In December 2021,14 months after their chance encounter, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a success. Today they live respectively and healthily and anticipate the day they can reunite.
Why did Sumiel start feeling less optimistic after excitement
He questioned the sincerity of Letts’ offer.
He worried about the risks of the surgery.
He believed Letts would forget his offer.
He doubted if Letts was fit for donation.
What kind of person is Letts based on this text
Sympathetic and wise. B. Reliable and helpful.
C. Responsible and Sensitive. D. Trustworthy and humble.
What is the best title for the text
A Fortunate Driver. B. A Kidney Transplant.
C.A Successful Surgery. D. A Ride for a Lifetime.
C
Humans’ overconsumption of resources is a leading contributor to global climate change, says University of Arizona researcher Sabrina Helm. Therefore, it’s increasingly important to understand the choices consumers make and how those decisions affect the health of a planet with limited resources. In a new study, published in the journal Young Consumers, Helm and her colleagues explore how materialistic values influence pro-environmental behaviors in millennials, who are now the nation’s most influential group of consumers.
The researchers focused on two main categories of pro-environmental behaviors: reduced consumption, which includes actions like repairing instead of replacing older items; and “green buying,” or purchasing products designed to limit environmental impacts. The researchers also looked at how engaging in pro-environmental behaviors affects consumer well-being.
More materialistic participants, the researchers found, were unlikely to engage in reduced consumption. However, materialism did not seem to have an effect on their likelihood of practicing “green buying.” That’s probably because “green buying,” unlike reduced consumption, still offers a way for materialists to fulfill their desire to get new items, Helm said.
Study participants who reported having fewer materialistic values were much more likely to engage in reduced consumption. Consuming less was, in turn, linked to higher personal well-being and lower psychological suffering. Green buying—which may have some positive environmental effects, although to a smaller degree than reduced consumption—was not found to improve consumer well-being, Helm said.
The take-home message for consumers: “The key is to reduce consumption and not just buy green stuff. Having less and buying less can actually make us more satisfied and happier,” Helm said. “If you have a lot of stuff, you have a lot on your mind,” she said. “For example, it requires maintenance and there’s a lot of burdens of ownership, and if
you relieve yourself of that burden of ownership, most people report feeling a lot better and freer.”
Helm and her colleagues additionally looked at how materialism affects millennial consumers’ proactive financial behaviors, such as budgeting and saving. Examining financial behaviors alongside pro-environmental behaviors provides a picture of how young adults proactively deal with resource limitations in two contexts: environmental and financial, Helm said.
As expected, Helm and her colleagues found that those who reported having more materialistic values engaged in fewer proactive financial behaviors than their less materialistic counterparts (对应的人). The researchers also found that, consistent with previous studies, proactive financial behaviors were associated with better personal well-being, life satisfaction and financial satisfaction, as well as lower psychological suffering.
Understanding how materialistic values impact consumer behaviors, and how those behaviors in turn affect personal and environmental well-being, is important, Helm said. However, she acknowledges that for many consumers, shifting behaviors to be more financially proactive and consume less will be challenging.
27. What do we know about pro-environmental behaviors
A. They are a cause of climate change.
B. They lead to a more satisfying life.
C. They vary in different age groups.
D. They are affected by materialism.
28. It can be learned from Helm’s study that .
A. ownership of green products brings a sense of happiness
B. materialists prefer practicing green buying to buying less
C. green buying helps control people’s desire to buy new items
D. buying less and green buying have similar effects on people
29. According to the study, which of the following can improve one’s well-being
A. Replacing older items. B. Developing new resources.
C. Buying greener products. D. Being careful with expenses.
30. What is Helm probably going to explain in the next paragraph
A. When people develop proactive financial behaviors.
B. Which financial behaviors lead to mental well-being.
C. Why it is hard to change people’s financial behaviors.
D. How materialistic values influence financial behaviors.
D
Who cares if people think wrongly that the Internet has had more important influences than the washing machine Why does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes
It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of people's opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.
The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so "yesterday" that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in "post-industrial society" has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector with negative consequences for their economies.
Even more worryingly, the fascination with the Internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the "digital divide" between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washing machines would have improved people's lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up Internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.
In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a "borderless world". As a result, in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very necessary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.
Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level. However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.
31. Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to __________.
A. a lack of confidence in technology
B. a slow progress in technology
C. a waste of limited resources
D. a conflict of public opinions
32. The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should __________.
A. ensure that each child gets financial support
B. make their programmes attractive to people
C. provide more affordable internet facilities
D. take people's essential needs into account
33. What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations
A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.
B. Believing that the world has become borderless.
C. Ignoring the power of economic development.
D. Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.
34. What can we learn from the passage
A. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.
B. People should be encouraged to make more donations.
C. Economic policies should follow technological trends.
D. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.
第二节 七选五（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，共 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It has been suspected that whale sharks, the biggest fish in the sea, are long-lived, and now this has been confirmed using a carbon dating technique. 35
Steven Campana is a researcher from the University of Iceland in Reykjavik. 36 It makes a big difference whether they are fast-growing and short-lived, or slow-growing and long-lived.
37 They don't have the bony structures in their ears that are used to work out the age of most fish. Instead, sharks’ age can be measured based on growth rings in their cartilaginous vertebrae(软骨椎骨), and these growth rings form at different rates in different species.
Two decades ago, Campana’s team showed that growth-ring-based age could be checked by looking at levels of the carbon-14 isotope (同位素) in the rings. 38 For instance, it was thought that great white sharks lived only 12 to 15 years, but recent studies have shown individuals as old as 73.
Now the carbonm-14 technique has been applied to the preserved remains of two adult whale sharks. It shows that one of these whales was at least 50 years old. 39
In 2016, a study using the same method reported that Greenland sharks are the longest living vertebrates (脊椎动物) possibly living as long as 500 years. Campana is
doubtful about such extreme life span, but it is clear that they can live more than a century.
A. Other individuals may live even longer.
B. But working out how long sharks live is difficult.
C. A lot of animals including sharks can live for decades.
D. The sharks are now able to survive in low oxygen environments.
E. In his opinion, knowing how long animals live is important for conservation.
F. It turns out that these animals live for at least 50 years and probably far longer.
G. This technique has proved that the age of many sharks has been guessed wrong.
第三部分：书面表达（共三节，32分）
第一节 阅读与表达 （共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
Teenagers are learning new communication skills every day. It is important for them to have opportunities to network, or to meet and get to know new people Online networking, which is very popular with teens today, makes short, superficial connections. But offline networking better encourages meaning connections that will increase hope, develop skills, and open avenues to career opportunity. Teens need to practice more offline networking. It will prepare them to be confident face-to-face communicators in the real world.
A survey of almost 7,000 teens was conducted in 2019 by three Swiss researchers, and they found that teens were spending too much time on social networking sites. So, they suggested that teens should spend more time with others in real life. It not only contributes to a stronger sense of identity and a happier mood, but also gives us the chance to share happiness with other people In other words, offline networking seems to actually benefit a teen’s emotional health.
Face-to-face communication also gives teens an opportunity to learn to read people. Everyone communicates in person differently than communicating over the phone, through texting, or in online posts. Being face-to-face requires a person to think and respond more quickly- without the safety net of a delete key.
And much of our communication is nonverbal anyway. Facial expressions, gestures, and vocal tones are just a few examples. Teens need to have face-to-face interactions so that they can learn to read these nonverbal cues(暗示), which are sometimes even more important than the words a person is saying. A time will come when the teen will need to enter the job market, and this usually means a face-to-face interaction, including interacting naturally with customers, hearing and understanding their words as well as
their nonverbal cues in many different kinds of businesses.
Offline networking is important because it can improve a teenager's well-being and help prepare him for the future. That's why every teen should spend time practicing real-world interactions.
40. What is the disadvantage of online networking
41. What was the researchers' suggestion to teens
Read the following statement, underline the false part of it and explain the reason.
Hearing and understanding what a person is saying is necessarily involved in communication, so people get less from nonverbal expressions.
Please present what you can do to make effective face-to-face communication in your daily life.(about 40 words)
第二节 应用文写作（共1小题；共20分）
44. 假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim发邮件告诉你，最近他参加一次学校电视主持人的面试，但是失败了，心情很沮丧。请你给Jim回信，内容包括:
1.给予安慰和鼓励:
2.提出一些建议。
提示词:电视主持人 TV host
注意： 1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）

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