资源简介

五年(2020-2024)高考
英语真题分类汇编
（全国卷）
目 录
阅读理解
七选五
完形填空
语法填空
短文改错
书面表达
参考答案
说明：本套资源是英语高考真题分类汇编，内容来源于 2020-2024年英语全国卷的高考试题。
试题按照阅读理解、七选五、完形填空、语法填空、短文改错、书面表达等类别进行了分类，
便于高三教师和学生熟悉英语全国卷高考试题的题型，把握命题趋势，进而明确复习方向，
提升复习效率。
阅读理解
（2020 年高考·英语·全国卷Ⅰ）
A
Train Information
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before
boarding. For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no
guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
Lost property(失物招领)
Call Lost Property on 13 16 17 during business hours for items lost on Queensland Rail
services.
The lost property office is open Monday to Friday 7:30am to 5:00pm and is located(位于)at
Roma Street station.
Public holidays
On public holidays, generally a Sunday timetable operates. On certain major event days，i.e.
Australia Day, Anzac Day, sporting and cultural days, special additional services may
operate.
Christmas Day services operate to a Christmas Day timetable，Before travel please visit
. au or call TransLink on 13 12 30 anytime.
Customers using mobility devices
Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.
For assistance, please Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.
Guardian trains (outbound)
Depart Origin Destination Arrive
6:42pm Altandi Varsity Lakes 7:37pm
7:29pm Central Varsity Lakes 8:52pm
8:57pm Fortitude Valley Varsity Lakes 9:52pm
11:02pm Roma Street Varsity Lakes 12:22am
21. What would you do get ticker information
A. Call 13 16 17. B. Visit .au.
C. Ask at the local station. D. Check the train schedule.
22. At which station can you find the lost property office
A. Altandi. B. Roma Street. C. Varsity Lakes. D. Fortitude Valley.
23. Which train would you take if you go from Central to Varsity Lakes
A. 6:42 pm. B. 7:29 pm. C. 8:57 pm. D. 11:02 pm.
B
Returning to a book you’ve read many times can feel like drinks with an old friend. There’s a
welcome familiarity - but also sometimes a slight suspicion that time has changed you both, and
thus the relationship. But books don’t change, people do. And that’s what makes the act of
rereading so rich and transformative.
The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our present
mental register. It’s true, the older I get, the more I feel time has wings. But with reading, it’s all
about the present. It’s about the now and what one contributes to the now, because reading is a
give and take between author and reader. Each has to pull their own weight.
There are three books I reread annually The first, which I take to reading every spring is
Emest Hemningway’s AMoveable Feast. Published in 1964, it’s his classic memoir of 1920s Paris.
The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious
yet simpler time. Another is Annie Dillard’s Holy the Firm, her poetic 1975 ramble (随笔) about
everything and nothing. The third book is Julio Cortazar’s Save Twilight: Selected Poems, because
poetry. And because Cortazar.
While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifs, which might add to
the meaning I attach to them. But I imagine that, while money is indeed wonderful and necessary,
rereading an author’s work is the highest currency a reader can pay them. The best books are the
ones that open further as time passes. But remember, it’s you that has to grow and read and reread
in order to better understand your friends.
24. Why does the author like rereading
A. It evaluates the writer-reader relationship.
B. It’s a window to a whole new world.
C. It’s a substitute for drinking with a friend.
D. It extends the understanding of oneself.
25. What do we know about the book AMoveable Feas!
A. It’s a brief account of a trip.
B. It’s about Hemingway’s life as a young man.
C. It’s a record of a historic event.
D. It’s about Hemingway’s friends in Paris.
26. What does the underlined word ＂currency＂ in paragraph 4 refer to
A. Debt B. Reward. C. Allowance. D. Face value.
27. What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He loves poetry.
B. He’s an editor.
C. He’s very ambitious.
D. He teaches reading.
C
Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely
contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.
Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer
Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But
the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and
one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes
race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of
exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.
Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations,
race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per
hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than
running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.
However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says.
According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per
step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body
weight with each step.
As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are
uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the
ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the
sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or
experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.
28. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes
A. They must run long distances.
B. They are qualified for the marathon.
C. They have to follow special rules.
D. They are good at swinging their legs.
29. What advantage does race walking have over running
A. It’s more popular at the Olympics.
B. It’s less challenging physically.
C. It’s more effective in body building.
D. It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.
30. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking
A. Getting experts’ opinions.
B. Having a medical checkup.
C. Hiring an experienced coach.
D. Doing regular exercises.
31. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking
A. Skeptical. B. Objective.
C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
D
The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.
Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example,
discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another，employees were
shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)have taken it a step further
changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual
functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re
short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. ＂We’re thinking
about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,＂
explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow(发光)in experiments using some
common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half
hours. The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The
technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into
self-powered street lamps.
in the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto
plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also
trying to develop an on and off＂switch＂where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is
often far removed from the power source(电源)-such as the distance from a power plant to street
lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission(传输).
Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.
32. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. A new study of different plants.
B. A big fall in crime rates.
C. Employees from various workplaces.
D. Benefits from green plants.
33. What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer
A. To detect plants’ lack of water
B. To change compositions of plants
C. To make the life of plants longer.
D. To test chemicals in plants.
34. What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future
A. They will speed up energy production.
B. They may transmit electricity to the home.
C. They might help reduce energy consumption.
D. They could take the place of power plants.
35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Can we grow more glowing plants
B. How do we live with glowing plants
C. Could glowing plants replace lamps
D. How are glowing plants made pollution-free
（2020 年高考·英语·全国卷Ⅱ）
A
The Lake District Attractions Guide
Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens
History, Culture & Landscape(景观). Discover and enjoy 4 centuries of history, 5 acres of
celebrated and award-winning gardens with parkland walk. Owned by the Hasell family since
1679, home to the International Marmalade Festival. Gifts and antiques, plant sales, museums &
Mediaeval Hall Tearoom.
Open:29 Mar-29 Oct，Sun to Thurs.
Tearoom，Gardens & Gift Shop:10.30-17.00(16.00 in Oct).
House:11.15-16.00(15.00 in Oct)
Town: Pooley Bridge & Penrith
Abbot Hall art Gallery & Museum
Those viewing the quality of Abbot Hall’s temporary exhibitions may be forgiven for
thinking they are in a city gallery. The impressive permanent collection includes Turners and
Romneys and the temporary exhibition programme has Canaletto and the artists from St Ives.
Open: Mon to Sat and Summer Sundays. 10.30 -17.00 Sumner.10.30 -16.00 Winter.
Town:Kendal
Tullie House Museum &Art Gallery
Discover, explore and enjoy award-winning Tullie House, where historic collections,
contemporary art and family fun are brought together in one impressive museum and art gallery.
There are four fantastic galleries to visit from fine art to interactive fun, so there’s something for
everyone!
Open: High Season 1 Apr – 31 Oct: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 17.00, Sun 11.00 – 17.00.
Low Season 1 Nov – 31 Mar: Mon to Sat 10.00 – 16.30, Sun 12.00 – 16.30.
Town: Carlisle
Dove Cottage & The wordsworth Museum
Discover William Wordsworth’s inspirational home. Take a tour of his Lakeland cottage,
walk through his hillside garden and explore the riches of the collection in the Museum. Visit the
shop and relax in the café. Exhibitions, events and family activities throughout the year.
Open: Daily, 09.30 – 17.30 (last admission 17.00).
Town: Grasmere
21. When is the House at Dalemain Mansion & Historic Gardens open on Sundays in July
A. 09.30-17.30. B. 10.30-16.00. C. 11.15-16.00. D. 12.00-16.30
22 What can visitors do at Abbot Hall Art Gallery & Museum
A. Enjoy Ronney’s works.
B. Have some interactive fun.
C. Attend a famous festival.
D. Learn the history of a family
23. Where should visitors go if they want to explore Wordsworth’s life
A. Penrith. B. Kendal. C. Carlisle. D. Grasmere.
B
Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers
said puzzles help children with math-related skills.
Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children the
University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop
better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition(认知) after
controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine
said.
The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities
at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better
spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.
“The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that
assessed their ability to rotate(旋转)and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement.
The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half
of children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higher-income parents tended to have
children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had
better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the
parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than
parents of girls.
The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
24. In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play
A. Building confidence. B. Developing spatial skills.
C. Learning self-control. D. Gaining high-tech knowledge.
25. What did Levine take into consideration when designing her experiment？
A. Parents’ age. B. Children’s imagination.
C. Parents’ education. D. Child-parent relationship.
26. How do boy differ from girls in puzzle play
A. They play with puzzles more often.
B. They tend to talk less during the game.
C. They prefer to use more spatial language.
D. They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. Amathematical method. B. A scientific study.
C. A woman psychologist D. A teaching program.
C
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list,
fur probably didn’t cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion (时装)enthusiasts are trying
to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(showcased)nutria fur made into
clothes in different styles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that
the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”, says Cree McCree, project director of
Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail. Some of
the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild. “The
ecosystem down there can’t handle this non-native species(物种).It’s destroying the environment.
It’s them or us.” says Michael Massimi, an expert in this field.
The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the
late 1980s，the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy.
Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana. He says it’s not
easy to convince people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it. Hunters bring in
more than 300,000 nutria tails a year, so part of Mouton’s job these days is trying to promote fur.
Then there’s Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion. Morgan says，”To give people a guilt-free
option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on them-1 think that’s going to be a
massive thing, at least here in New York.” Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while
to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She
trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria fashions to show it is eco-friendly.
28. What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn
A. To promote guilt-free fur.
B. To expand the fashion market.
C. To introduce a new brand.
D. To celebrate a winter holiday.
29. Why are scientists concerned about nutria
A. Nutria damage the ecosystem seriously.
B. Nutria are an endangered species.
C. Nutria hurt local cat-sized animals.
D. Nutria are illegally hunted.
30. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed.
31. What can we infer abouf wearing fur in New York according to Morgan
A. It’s formal. B. It’s risky. C. It’s harmful. D. It’s traditional.
D
I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was
always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were
like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through
the books I checked out from the library.
My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job
and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.
As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning
in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment. It was a
big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read
or books they wanted me to read to them.
I always read ,using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice
and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the
wonderment of books .
Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of
going to the library lives on form generation to generation.
As a novelist, I’ve found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their
local library when they can’t afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for
readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own
way, help fight book piracy(盗版行为) and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a
significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements
on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can.
32. Which word best describes the author’s relationship with books as a child
A. Cooperative. B. Uneasy. C. Inseparable. D. Casual.
33. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Pleasure from working in the library.
B. Joy of reading passed on in the family.
C. Wonderment from acting out the stories.
D. A closer bond developed with the readers.
34. What does the author call on other writers to do
A. Sponsor book fairs. B. Write for social media.
C. Support libraries. D. Purchase her novels.
35. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Reading: A Source of Knowledge
B. My Idea about writing
C. Library: A Haven for the Young
D. My Love of the Library
（2020 年高考·英语·全国卷Ⅲ）
A
Journey Back in Time with Scholars
Classical Provence(13days)
Journey through the beautiful countryside of Provence，France，with Prof. Ori Z. Soltes. We
will visit some of the best-preserved Roman monuments in the world. Our tour also includes a
chance to walk in the footsteps of Van Gogh and Gauguin. Fields of flowers, tile-roofed(瓦屋
顶)villages and tasty meals enrich this wonderful experience.
Southern Spain(15days)
Spain has lovely white towns and the scent(芳香)of oranges，but it is also a treasury of
ancient remains including the cities left by the Greeks，Romans and Arabs. As we travel south
from Madrid with Prof. Ronald Messier to historic Toledo，Roman Merida and into Andalucia, we
explore historical monuments and architecture.
China’s Sacred Landscapes(21days)
Discover the China of”past ages，its walled cities，temples and mountain scenery with Prof.
Robert Thorp. Highlights(精彩之处)include China’s most sacred peaks at Mount Tai and
Hangzbou’s rolling hills，waterways and peaceful temples. We will wander in traditional small
towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.
Tunisia(17days)
Join Prof. Pedar Foss on our in-depth Tunisian tour. Tour highlights include the Roman city
of Dougga，the underground Numidian capital at Bulla Regia, Roman Sbeitla and the remote areas
around Tataouine and Matmata，uique for underground cities. Our journey takes us to picturesque
Berber villages and lovely beaches.
21. What can visitors see in both Classical Provence and Southern Spain？
A. Historical monuments. B. Fields of flowers.
C. Van Gogh’s paintings. D. Greek buildings.
22. Which country is Prof. Thorp most knowledgeable about？
A. France. B. Spain. C. China. D. Tunisia.
23. Which of the following highlight the Tunisian tour？
A. White towns. B. Underground cities. C. Tile-roofed villages. D. Rolling hills.
B
When “Rise of the Planet of the Apes” was first shown to the public last month, a group of
excited animal activists gathered on Hollywood Boulevard. But they weren’t there to throw red
paint on fur-coat-wearing film stars. Instead, one activist, dressed in a full-body monkey suit, had
arrived with a sign praising the filmmakers: “Thanks for not using real apes (猿)!”
The creative team behind “Apes” used motion-capture (动作捕捉) technology to create
digitalized animals, spending tens of millions of dollars on technology that I records an actor’s
performance and later processes it with computer graphics to create a final image (图像). In this
case, one of a realistic-looking ape.
Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on live animals
lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment or animals in filmed
entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of
films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part Ⅱ” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the
anger of activists who say the creatures acting in them haven’t been treated properly.
In some cases, it’s not so much the treatment of the animals on set in the studio that has
activists worried; it’s the off-set training and living conditions that are raising concerns. And there
are questions about the films made outside the States, which sometimes are not monitored as
closely as productions filmed in the Sates.
24. Why did the animal activists gather on Hollywood Boulevard
A. To see famous film stars.
B. To oppose wearing fur coats.
C. To raise money for animal protection.
D. To express thanks to some filmmakers.
25. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about
A. The cost of making “Apes.”
B. The creation of digitalized apes.
C. The publicity about “Apes.”
D. The performance of real apes.
26. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. Listing completely.
B. Directing professionally.
C. Promoting successfully.
D. Watching carefully.
27. What can we infer from the last paragraph about animal actors
A. They may be badly treated.
B. They should take further training.
C. They could be traded illegally
D. They would lose popularity.
C
With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独), more
families are choosing to live together.
The doorway to peace and quiet, for Nick Bright at least, leads straight to his mother-in-law,
she lives on the ground floor, while he lives upstairs with his wife and their two daughters.
Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol - one of a
growing number of multigenerational families in the UK living together under the same roof.
They share a front door and a washing machine, but Rita Whitehead has her own kitchen,
bathroom, bedroom and living room on the ground floor.
“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing at a house,” says Kathryn Whitehead. Rita cuts in:
“We spoke more with Nick because I think it’s a big thing for Nick to live with his
mother-in-law.”
And what does Nick think “From my standpoint, it all seems to work very well. Would I
recommend it Yes, I think I would.”
It’s hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the
numbers have been rising for some time. Official reports suggest that the number of households
with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2002 to 419,000 in 2013.
Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common. Some people live with their
elderly parents; many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left. It is
said that about 20% of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents, compared with 16% in 1991.The
total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1.8 million.
Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is
more firmly rooted. In India, particularly outside cities, young women are expected to move in
with their husband’s family when they get married.
28. Who mainly uses the ground floor in the Victorian house in Bristol
A. Nick. B. Rita. C. Kathryn D. The daughters.
29. What is Nick’s attitude towards sharing the house with his mother-in -law
A. Positive. B. Carefree. C. Tolerant. D. Unwilling.
30. What is the author’s statement about multigenerational family based on
A. Family traditions. B. Financial reports. C. Published statistics. D. Public opinions.
31. What is the text mainly about
A. Lifestyles in different countries. B. Conflicts between generations.
C. A housing problem in Britain. D. A rising trend of living in the UK.
D
We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago.
As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in
just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high
altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation (突变)
that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of
adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast
Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the
hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived
on houseboats; in recent times, they’ve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They
are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who
studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They
made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could
stay underwater much longer than us local islanders,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually
walking under the sea.”
In201, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen,
heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of
physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for
natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number
of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
32. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1
A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B. New knowledge of human evolution.
C. Recent findings of human origin. D. Significance of food selection.
33. Where do the Bajau build their houses
A. In valleys. B. Near rivers. C. On the beach. D. Off the coast.
34. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing.
C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water.
35. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B. Highlanders’ Survival Skills
C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research D. The World’s Best Divers
（2021 年高考·英语·全国甲卷）
A
ATake a view, the Landscape（风景）Photographer of the Year Award, was the idea of Charlie
Waite, one of today's most respected landscape photographers.Each year, the high standard of
entries has shown that the Awards are the perfect platform to showcase the very best photography
of the British landscape.Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all
comers of the UK and beyond.
It was an extremely cold winter's evening and freezing fog hung
in the air. I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist
was little more than a few feet deep, and though it was only a short
Mike Shepherd(2011)
climb, I found myself completely above it and looking at a
Skiddaw in Winter
wonderfully clear view of Skiddaw with the sum setting in the west. I
Cumbria, England
used classical techniques, translated from my college days spent in
the darkroom into Photoshop, to achieve the black—and—white
image（图像）.
I was back in my home town of Macclesfield to take some
winter images. Walking up a path through the forest towards
Timothy Smith(2014)
Shutlingsloe. a local high point, I came across a small clearing and
Macclesfield Forest
immediately noticed the dead yellow grasses set against the fresh
Cheshire, England
snow. The small pine added to the interest and I placed it centrally to
take the view from the foreground right through into the forest.
1. Who would most probably enter for Take a view
A. Writers. B. Photographers. C. Painters. D. Tourists.
2. What do the works by Shepherd and Smith have in common
A. They are winter images.
B. They are in black and white.
C. They show mountainous scenes.
D. They focus on snow—covered forests.
3. Where can the text be found
A. In a history book. B. In a novel. C. In an art magazine. D. In a biography.
B
Port Lympne Reserve, which runs a breeding (繁育) programme, has welcomed the arrival of
a rare black rhino calf (犀牛幼崽). When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the
40th black rhino to be born at the reserve. And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the
new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity (圈养).
Paul Beer, head of rhino section at Port Lympne, said: “Obviously we're all absolutely
delighted to welcome another calf to our black rhino family. She's healthy, strong and already
eager to play and explore. Her mother, Solio, is a first-time mum and she is doing a fantastic job.
It's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open, but as soon as the weather warms up, I
have no doubt that the little one will be out and about exploring and playing every day.”
The adorable female calf is the second black rhino born this year at the reserve, but it is too
early to tell if the calves will make good candidates to be returned to protected areas of the wild.
The first rhino to be born at Port Lympne arrived on January 5 to first-time mother Kisima and
weighed about 32kg. His mother, grandmother and great grandmother were all born at the reserve
and still live there.
According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low
as 5500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status.
4. Which of the following best describes the breeding programme
A. Costly. B. Controversial. C. Ambitious. D. Successful.
5. What does Paul Beer say about the new-born rhino
A. She loves staying with her mother. B. She dislikes outdoor activities.
C. She is in good condition D. She is sensitive to heat.
6. What similar experience do Solio and Kisima have
A. They had their first born in January. B. They enjoyed exploring new places
C. They lived with their grandmothers. D. They were brought to the reserve young
7. What can be inferred about Porn Lympne Reserve
A. The rhino section will be open to the public.
B. It aims to control the number of the animals.
C. It will continue to work with the World Wildlife Fund.
D. Some of its rhinos may be sent to the protected wild areas.
C
When I was 9, we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a
gray January morning. Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me. Without my
beloved beaches and endless blue—sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a
discovery.
Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the
continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing .I loved it. I soon made friends with the
local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello.
It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam（横杆）, I fell onto the
stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few
minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “ Safe! Safe!
Safe!” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.
When I was 15, my family moved to Washington. I tried skateboarding there, but the locals
were far less welcoming. Within a couple of years, I'd given it up.
When I returned to London in 2004, I found myself wandering down to Southbank, spending
hours there. I've traveled back several times since, most recently this past spring. The day was
cold but clear: tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters. Weaving（穿梭）among the
kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam. Then a rail—thin teenager, in a
baggy white T—shirt, skidded（滑）up to the beam. He sat next to me. He seemed not to notice the
man next to him. But soon I caught a few of his glances. “I was a local here 20 years ago,” I told
him. Then, slowly, he began to nod his head. “Safe, man. Safe.”
“Yeah,” I said. “Safe.”
8. What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London
A. He felt disappointed. B. He gave up his hobby.
C. He liked the weather there. D. He had disagreements with his
family.
9. What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!” probably mean
A. Be careful! B. Well done! C. No way! D. Don't worry!
10. Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London
A. To join the skateboarding. B. To make new friends.
C. To learn more tricks. D. To relive his childhood days
11. What message does the author seem to convey in the text
A. Children should learn a second language.
B Sport is necessary for children's health.
C. Children need a sense of belonging
D. Seeing the world is a must for children.
D
Who is a genius This question has greatly interested humankind for centuries.
Let's state clearly: Einstein was a genius. His face is almost the international symbol for
genius. But we want to go beyond one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that
some people are so much more intelligent or creative than the rest of us And who are they
In the sciences and arts, those praised as geniuses were most often white men, of European
origin. Perhaps this is not a surprise. It's said that history is written by the victors, and those
victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When contributions were made by
geniuses outside the club—women, or people of a different color or belief—they were
unacknowledged and rejected by others.
A study recently published by Science found that as young as age six, girls are less likely than
boys to say that members of their gender(性别)are “really, really smart.” Even worse, the study
found that girls act on that belief: Around age six they start to avoid activities said to be for
children who are “really, really smart.” Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become
discouraged and give up It doesn't take a genius to know the answer: absolutely not.
Here's the good news. In a wired world with constant global communication, we're all
positioned to see flashes of genius wherever they appear. And the more we look, the more we will
see that social factors(因素)like gender, race, and class do not determine the appearance of genius.
As a writer says, future geniuses come from those with “intelligence, creativity, perseverance(毅
力), and simple good fortune, who are able to change the world.”
12. What does the author think of victors' standards for joining the genius club
A. They're unfair. B. They're conservative.
C. They're objective. D. They're strict.
13. What can we infer about girls from the study in Science
A. They think themselves smart.
B. They look up to great thinkers.
C. They see gender differences earlier than boys.
D. They are likely to be influenced by social beliefs
14. Why are more geniuses known to the public
A. Improved global communication.
B. Less discrimination against women.
C. Acceptance of victors' concepts.
D. Changes in people's social positions.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Geniuses Think Alike B. Genius Takes Many Forms
C. Genius and Intelligence D. Genius and Luck
（2021 年高考·英语·全国乙卷）
A
The Biggest Stadiums in the World
People have been pouring into stadiums since the days of ancient Greece. In around 80 A.D.,
the Romans built the Colosseum, which remains the world’s best known stadium and continues to
inform contemporary design. Rome’s Colosseum was 157 feet tall and had 80 entrances, seating
50,000 people. However, that was small fry compared with the city’s Circus Maximus, which
accommodated around 250,000 people.
These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view
and comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities（容量） slightly lower. Even soccer fans
tend to have a seat each; gone are the days of thousands standing to watch the match.
For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so
far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from
official stadium websites.
All these stadiums are still funtiona1, still open and still hosting the biggest events in world
sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang D.P.R. Korea. Capacity: 150,000. Opened:
May 1,1989.
·Michigan Stadium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U. S. Capacity: 107,601. Opened: October 1,
1927.
·Beaver Stadium, State College, Pennsylvania, U. S. Capacity: 106,572. Opened: September
17, 1960.
·Ohio Stadium, Columbus, Ohio, U. S. Capacity: 104,944. Opened: October 7,1922.
·Kyle Field, College Station, Texas, U. S. Capacity: 102,512. Opened: September 24, 1927.
21. How many people could the Circus Maximus hold
A. 104,944. B. 107,601. C. About 150,000. D. About 250,000.
22. Of the following stadiums, which is the oldest
A. Michigan Stadium. B. Beaver Stadium. C. Ohio Stadium. D. Kyle Field.
23. What do the listed stadiums have in common
A. They host big games. B. They have become tourist attractions.
C. They were built by Americans. D. They are favored by architects.
B
When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still
paying for a landline（座机）
These days you’d be hard pressed to find anyone in Australia over the age of 15 who doesn’t
own a mobile phone. In fact plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket. Practically everyone
can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime.
Still, 55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home and only just over a quarter
（29%） rely only on their smartphones according to a survey（调查）. Of those Australians who
still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and they’re keeping it as a
security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of
emergencies. I think my home falls into that category.
More than half of Australian homes are still choosing to stick with their home phone. Age is
naturally a factor（因素）— only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then,
compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who’ve perhaps had the same home number for 50
years. Age isn’t the only factor; I’d say it’s also to do with the makeup of your household.
Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient to have a
home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. That said, to be
honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point
where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone（using Caller ID
would take the fun out of it）.
How attached are you to your landline How long until they go the way of gas street lamps
and morning milk deliveries
24. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about mobile phones
A. Their target users. B. Their wide popularity.
C. Their major functions. D. Their complex design.
25. What does the underlined word “concede” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Admit. B. Argue.
C. Remember. D. Remark.
26. What can we say about Baby Boomers
A. They like smartphone games. B. They enjoy guessing callers’ identity.
C. They keep using landline phones. D. They are attached to their family.
27. What can be inferred about the landline from the last paragraph
A. It remains a family necessity.
B. It will fall out of use some day.
C. It may increase daily expenses.
D. It is as important as the gas light.
C
You’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter
ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference Artist
Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic
garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of
10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from
several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place
shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source
（来源）of plastic pollution , but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need
them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every
straw that’s part of Von Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a
few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.
In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明） a specific statistic: Every 60
seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of
Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which
were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once.
Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic
footprint.
28. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for
A. Beautifying the city he lives in. B. Introducing eco-friendly products.
C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D. Reducing garbage on the beach.
29. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3
A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B. To explain why they are useful.
C. To voice his views on modern art.
D. To find a substitute for them.
30. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers
A. Calming. B. Disturbing.
C. Refreshing. D. Challenging.
31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic Safety
B. Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C. Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
D
During an interview for one of my books, my interviewer said something I still think about
often. Annoyed by the level of distraction（干扰）in his open office, he said, “That’s why I have a
membership at the coworking space across the street — so I can focus”. His comment struck me
as strange. After all, coworking spaces also typically use an open office layout（布局）. But I
recently came across a study that shows why his approach works.
The researchers examined various levels of noise on participants as they completed tests of
creative thinking. They were randomly divided into four groups and exposed to various noise
levels in the background, from total silence to 50 decibels（分贝）, 70 decibels, and 85 decibels.
The differences between most of the groups were statistically insignificant; however, the
participants in the 70 decibels group — those exposed to a level of noise similar to background
chatter in a coffee shop — significantly outperformed the other groups. Since the effects were
small, this may suggest that our creative thinking does not differ that much in response to total
silence and 85 decibels of background noise.
But since the results at 70 decibels were significant, the study also suggests that the right
level of background noise — not too loud and not total silence — may actually improve one’s
creative thinking ability. The right level of background noise may interrupt our normal patterns of
thinking just enough to allow our imaginations to wander, without making it impossible to focus.
This kind of “distracted focus” appears to be the best state for working on creative tasks.
So why do so many of us hate our open offices The problem may be that, in our offices, we
can’t stop ourselves from getting drawn into others’ conversations while we’re trying to focus.
Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative
process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also
providing freedom from interruptions.
32. Why does the interviewer prefer a coworking space
A. It helps him concentrate. B. It blocks out background noise.
C. It has a pleasant atmosphere. D. It encourages face-to-face interactions.
33. Which level of background noise may promote creative thinking ability
A. Total silence. B. 50 decibels C. 70 decibels. D. 8 5 decibels.
34. What makes an open office unwelcome to many people
A. Personal privacy unprotected. B. Limited working space.
C. Restrictions on group discussion. D. Constant interruptions.
35. What can we infer about the author from the text
A. He’s a news reporter.
B. He’s an office manager.
C. He’s a professional designer.
D. He’s a published writer.
（2022 年高考·英语·全国甲卷）
A
Theatres and Entertainment
St David’s Hall
St David’s Hall is the award winning National Concert Hall of Wales standing at the very
heart of Cardiff’s entertainment centre. With an impressive 2,000-seat concert hall, St David’s
Hall is home to the annual Welsh Proms Cardiff. It presents live entertainment, including pop,
rock, folk, jazz, musicals, dance, world music, films and classical music.
The Hayes, Cardiff CF 10 1 AH
www.stdavidshallcardiff.co.uk
The Glee Club
Every weekend this is “Wales” premier comedy club where having a great time is the order
for both audiences and comedy stars alike. It is hard to name a comedy star who hasn’t been on
the stage here. If you are looking for the best comedies on tour and brilliant live music, you should
start here.
Mermaid Quay, Cardiff Bay, Cardiff CF 10 5 BZ
www.glee.co.uk/cardiff
Sherman Cymru
Sherman Cymru’s theatre in the Cathays area of Cardiff reopened in February 2012. This
special building is a place in which theatre is made and where children, artists, writers and anyone
else have the opportunity (机会) to do creative things. Sherman Cymru is excited to present a
packed programme of the very best theatre, dance, family shows and music from Wales and the
rest of the world.
Senghennydd Road, Cardiff CF 24 4 YE
www.shermancymru.co.uk
New Theatre
The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s shows
for more than 100 years. Presenting the best of the West End along with the pick of the UK’s
touring shows, the New Theatre is Cardiff’s oldest surviving traditional theatre. Be sure to pay a
visit as part of your stay in the city.
Park Place, Cardiff CF 10 3 LN
www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk
1. Where is the Welsh Proms Cardiff hosted
A. At the New Theatre. B. At the Glee Club.
C. At Sherman Cymru. D. At St David’s Hall.
2. What can people do at the Glee Club
A. Watch musicals. B. Enjoy comedies.
C. See family shows. D. Do creative things.
3. Which website can you visit to learn about Cardiff’s oldest surviving theatre
A. www.newtheatrecardiff.co.uk B. www.shermancymru.co.uk
C. www.glee.co.uk/cardiff D. www.stdavidshalleardiff.co.uk
B
Goffin’s cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have
similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the
wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment,
cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a
“keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose
from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut.
In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it
will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes.
This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit
is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin’s cockatoos were able to
select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error
was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin’s
cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space,
similar to two-year-old babies.
The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely
entirely on visual clues (线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
4. How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment
A. By following instructions. B. By using a tool.
C. By turning the box around. D. By removing the lid.
5. Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text
A. Using a key to unlock a door. B. Telling parrots from other birds.
C. Putting a ball into a round hole. D. Grouping toys of different shapes.
6. What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos
A. How far they are able to see. B. How they track moving objects.
C. Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D. Whether they use a sense of touch in the test.
7. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Cockatoos: Quick Error Checkers B. Cockatoos: Independent Learners
C. Cockatoos: Clever Signal-Readers D. Cockatoos: Skilful Shape-Sorters
C
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo
penguins(企鹅) longing to say hello. These gentle, lovely gatekeepers welcomed her and
kick-started what was to be a trip Ginni would never forget.
Ever since her childhood, Ginni, now 71, has had a deep love for travel. Throughout her
career(职业) as a professional dancer, she toured in the UK, but always longed to explore further
When she retired from dancing and her sons eventually flew the nest, she decided it was time to
take the plunge.
After taking a degree at Chichester University in Related Arts, Ginni began to travel the
world, eventually getting work teaching English in Japan and Chile. And it was in Chile she
discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off
Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of the South American mainland. “I just decided wanted to
go,” she says. “I had no idea about what I’d find there and I wasn’t nervous, I just wanted to do it.
And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.”
In March 2008, Ginni boarded a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the
journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole
experience was amazing. Antarctica left an impression on me that no other place has,” Ginni says.
“I remember the first time I saw a humpback whale; it just rose out of the water like some
prehistoric creature and I thought it was smiling at us. You could still hear the operatic sounds it
was making underwater.”
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest
things that hit home to Ginni.
8. Which of the following best explains “take the plunge” underlined in paragraph 2
A. Try challenging things. B. Take a degree.
C. Bring back lost memories. D. Stick to a promise.
9. What made Ginni decide on the trip to Antarctica
A. Lovely penguins. B. Beautiful scenery.
C. A discount fare. D. A friend’s invitation.
10. What does Ginni think about Antarctica after the journey
A. It could be a home for her. B. It should be easily accessible.
C. It should be well preserved. D. It needs to be fully introduced.
11.What is the text mainly about
A. A childhood dream. B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Sailing around the world. D. Meeting animals in Antarctica.
D
Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city
discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort
of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor
that makes the city.
Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I
spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew
shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city.
“I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted.
“How do you mean ” I asked.
“Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so
elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.”
Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords (口号), and
traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its
rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest
buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds
whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better
at resolving (解决).”
On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this
when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack
culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to
Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more
still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young
country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.”
He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries.
12. What is the first paragraph mainly about
A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney.
C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s.
13. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life.
C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries.
14. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress.
C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international.
15. Which statement will the author probably agree with
A. A city can be young and old at the same time.
B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
C. modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign.
（2022 年高考·英语·全国乙卷）
A
Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland’s best
loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the
world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public.
They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn Raeburn’s English Contemporaries
Sunday 26 Oct., 15.00 Thursday 30 Oct., 13.10
DUNCAN THOMSON JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in Raeburn and Artist’s Training in the
Raeburn’s Portraits 18th Century
Thursday 6 Nov., 13.10 Thursday 13 Nov., 13.10
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to
and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
1. What is the right time for attending Raeburn’s English Contemporaries
A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov.
2. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission
A. 4. B. 8. C. 12. D. 16.
3. How can full-time students get group discounts
A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools.
C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them.
B
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff
and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a
one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for
them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string
was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected
Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and
Dorothy Woodruff’s granddaughter.
Why did they go then Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they
realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths,
and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings,
Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the
cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden’s book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which
of course influenced the girls’ decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the
building of the railroads, which entailed (牵涉) drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding
snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy’s return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism (坚忍) of the
people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse,
looking down from a hill top: “When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all
around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes,
mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.”
4. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
5. What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
C.They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
6. Which part of Wickenden’s writing is hair-raising
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
7. What is the text
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children’s story. D. A diary entry.
C
Can a small group of drones(无人机)guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at
the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year That is the very likely
future of applying today’s “eyes in the sky” technology to making sure that the millions of
kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure(基础设施)worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do
precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such
as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be
inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs
would be cut and operations would be more efficient(高效)across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel
safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year
on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail
infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews’
efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for
railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To
perform these tasks, drones for rail don’t need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working
on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train,
and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and
travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they
could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
8. What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines.
B. Drones’ ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D. Drones’ reliable performance in remote areas.
9. What does “maintenance” underlined in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
10. What function is expected of the rail drones
A.To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
11. Which is the most suitable title for the text
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
D
The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers
first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g
of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）. It is believed that
today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting
them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of
the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to
generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by
manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer
kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury
figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre
of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and
are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most
alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per
year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar
tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in
schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance,
and the industry is playing its part.
12. Why was the sugar tax introduced
A. To collect money for schools. B. To i

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