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综合测试 06 情态动词、虚拟语气、特殊句式
题型一 情态动词与虚拟语气单项选择题
1．Jessica isn’t in the classroom; she have gone to the library
A．must B．should C．will D．can
2．— Jack was admitted to a second-class college.
—He ________a top university, but he was addicted to playing video games.
A．could enter B．could have entered C．must enter D．must have entered
3．The plane had taken off when I arrived. I ______ have left home earlier.
A．would B．must C．should D．might
4．— Sam is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
— Well, he ______ if he has something else to do.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
5．In a scenario where time was of the essence, a tele-surgery __________ the treatment process. Unfortunately, the
medical staff just dismissed the option, citing concerns about connectivity issues.
A．could have facilitated B．could facilitate
C．must have facilitated D．may have facilitated
6．In education, educators __________ place too much emphasis on fostering critical thinking skills; empowering
students to think independently is vital for their future success in a rapidly changing world.
A．should not B．cannot C．may not D．shall not
7．—________ I use your glue I’m making a kite.
—No problem. Here you are.
A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May
8．—Why didn’t you inform me today’s meeting was called off
—If I was told in advance, I all the way here through the heavy rain.
A．couldn’t have driven B．should have driven C．needn’t have driven D．must have
driven
9．- Why didn’t you come to my party yesterday
-I wanted to, but my mom let me out so late.
A．wouldn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．needn’t
10．I can’t find my purse. I ______ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I am not sure.
A．must have left B．must leave C．may have left D．might leave
11．One _____ cross the street against the red light.
A．ought not B．ought to not C．shouldn’t to D．oughtn’t to
12．A: The doorbell rings. I wonder who that is.
B: It________be Tony. He’s still in the library at this moment.
A．may B．can’t C．must D．should
13．I ______ to Beijing yesterday, but I didn’t catch the train.
A．should get B．should have got C．must get D．must have got
14．When he was young, he _______ go to the park with his parents every Sunday morning.
A．can B．must C．may D．would
15．—It’s twelve o’clock already in the night. ________ you play the guitar at such a late hour
—Oh, I’m so sorry.
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Shall
16．I can’t get through to the manager’s office anyhow, so someone ________ the telephone.
A．can use B．can have used C．must be using D．must have used
17．Childhood memories came back to me so clearly ______ the events had happened only yesterday.
A．even if B．what if C．as if D．only if
18．Recognizing the urgency of the situation, the chairperson recommended that the proposal shareholders were
opposed __________, emphasizing the need for a thorough review of all available information.
A．to being reconsidered B．to be reconsidered
C．should reconsider D．be reconsidered
19．There is a real possibility that these delicate animals could be frightened, __________a sudden loud noise.
A．if there should have B．should there be
C．had there been D．if there be
20．—— I’ve told him about it.
—— But I’d rather you________.
A．didn’t B．hadn’t C．don’t D．wouldn’t
21．I forget where I read the article, or I ________ it to you now.
A．will show B．would show C．am going to show D．am showing
22．The salesman recommended he ________ insurance against sickness and unemployment.
A．getting B．to get C．got D．get
23．_________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A．Would he leave
B．Were he leaving
C．Were he to leave
D．Had he left
24．His suggestion is that the harvest _____ in before the rainy season comes.
A．be got B．get C．should get D．got
25．They do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself_________ nothing.
A．is B．has been C．are D．were
26．If I had made painstaking efforts to improve my craftsmanship in the past, I ______ a popular artisan now.
A．am B．were C．would have become D．would become
27．Had he predicted the disaster, he ______ his girlfriend to the New Year’s celebration at the Bund, Shanghai.
A．wouldn’t take B．wouldn’t have taken
C．wouldn’t be taking D．wasn’t going to take
28．The public demanded that those officials who failed to raise the alarm in the first place ________ responsible
for the people suffering from the disease.
A．should hold B．be held C．held D．to hold
29．It is essential that every child ______ equal educational opportunities.
A．has B．must have C．have D．had
30．If Nina __________ that her husband would go to the bus stop to meet her, she wouldn’t have walked back
home.
A．knows B．knew C．has known D．had known
题型二 特殊句式单句语法填空高考真题
31．Never we think Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.
32． by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in this hospital.
33． is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
34．Not until then Megan pour out what had been disturbing her the whole day.
35． (sympathy) as she was to those homeless people, she could do nothing but provide them with some
food to relieve their temporary hunger.
36．I don’t know where the employee is from, does my wife.
37．Equally important (be) the diverse possibilities provided by the animal kingdom.
38．How I want to share with you the adventures in the Arctic! Below (be) some of the thrilling
experiences there.
39．At the foot of the mountain (lie) an old village which has a beautiful view.
40．In front of our school (stand) a tower which is famous for its long history.
41．There (be) no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.
42．It is what you think about not what you have or what you are doing makes you happy or unhappy.
43．It was not until then I realized their marriage was breaking up because they had little in
common.
44．It is also through borrowed words novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged
more conveniently and quickly.
45．When (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
46．Though (defeat) many times, the unemployed man didn’t lose heart.
47．Metal expand when (it is) heated and contract when (it is) (cool).
48．Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skillful at tool use while (keep) in
the cage.
49．If (leave) alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter.
50．The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only teachers’ energy saved, but students
became more interested in the lessons.
51． (frank) speaking, he is not the suitable leader for the team.
52． （be）honest, I was surprised he knew where I was—I moved so often.
53．Attitudes are put in the first place. Of equal importance (be) your abilities and qualifications.
54． (surround) the village, as I can remember, is a broad clean river, which brought great joy in his
childhood.
55．On the playground （lie）Tom, who was extremely tired after running for two hours.
56．Among all the birthday gifts (include) a DIY card, which I like best.
57．Absurd it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.
58．I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means the teacher satisfied with my progress.
59．—When can I use your computer —Never! At time should you touch it.
60．Not only is likability (relate) to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes,
too.
题型三 情态动词与虚拟语气单句语法填空
61．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it’s too bad. You should (make) full preparations.
62．Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our
planet.
63．Development of the area would （danger）wildlife. So it’s better to think it over.
64．When you feel nervous, you can (breath) to calm yourself down.
65．As the old saying goes,“A workman must (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.”
66．It’s known to all that both the change of climate and human’s hunting would wildlife’s
existence. (threat)
67．You can (breath) in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning
song.
68．When I was young, I was told that I not play with fire.
69．Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list
grizzlies, which would (loose) legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
70．The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt that he could (express) it
indirectly.
题型四 语法填空
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out
her hand. 71 was getting dark and raining. “I can t leave her out in this weather,” Linda said to herself, so
she stopped the car.
“ Shall I offer you 72 lift ” Linda asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a
while Linda asked, “Have you waited for long ” The old woman shook her head. 73 (strange)enough, the
old woman didn’t say a single word all the way. Her only 74 (respond) was always a nod of the head or
something else like that.
Then Linda saw the lady’s hands, 75 were very large and covered with thick hair. She realized 76
the lady was a man! After 77 (stop) the car, Linda said, “can’t see that mirror. Would you mind cleaning it
78 me ” The lady nodded and opened the door. As soon as the “lady” was out of the car, Linda drove off
quickly.
When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady 79 (leave) a handbag on the backseat. She
opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it 80 two sharp knives.
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Xin 81 (summary) her long career in the media industry with three letters: I, G and O.
The first letter, I, stands for innovation (创新), As an anchorwoman (女主持人) of CGTN, she has to sit down
for one-on-one interviews with people from different walks of life. Quite often, she has to come up with 82
(create) ways to make an impact during interviews. Once, she was tasked with interviewing a Swiss inventor of
solar energy planes. She 83 (care) arranged the interview with the inventor 84 (sit) in the cockpit (驾驶
舱) of his new plane. This not only livened up the conversation, but also offered the audience a different view into
the world of green energy.
‘G’ is for grit (勇气). When she was working in Geneva as 85 CCTV English channel journalist, she had
to face all kinds of challenges to get to the truth 86 the news. ‘Sometimes when I got back from work, I felt
like my head was about to blow off. But it was an inner voice 87 always told me to keep up.’
‘O’ is short for orientation (目标方向). As a journalist, she has to give it all by making careful plans for both
daily work and career development. ‘I always remind 88 (me) to keep a record of where I am and where I am
going.’
Together, the three letters make the catchy slogan ‘I go’. This, according to Liu, is 89 keeps her going
forward on her way to 90 (excellent).
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the 91 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 92 (rise) about one
degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 93 other natural changes .
There is no doubt 94 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 95 is human
activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 96
(burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 97 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most
important one of 98 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three
degree Celsius 99 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge
quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 100 (go) up.综合测试 06 情态动词、虚拟语气、特殊句式
题型一 情态动词与虚拟语气单项选择题
1．Jessica isn’t in the classroom; she have gone to the library
A．must B．should C．will D．can
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：杰西卡不在教室里，她可能去图书馆了吗？A. must 一定；B. should 应
该；C. will 将，会，愿；D. can 可能。根据句意可知，空处表示推测“可能”，can 表示“可能”常用于否定句
和疑问句中，符合句意。故选 D。
2．— Jack was admitted to a second-class college.
—He ________a top university, but he was addicted to playing video games.
A．could enter B．could have entered C．must enter D．must have entered
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——杰克被一所二流大学录取了。——他本可以进入一所顶尖大学，但他
沉迷于玩电子游戏。根据上文“Jack was admitted to a second-class college.”可知，Jack 被二流大学录取，结合
下文中的“but he was addicted to playing video games”可知，他沉迷于玩电子游戏，由此可推断，此处表示“他
本可以进入一所顶尖大学”，could have done 表示“本来能做成的（却没做成）”，所以此处应使用 could have
entered。故选 B 项。
3．The plane had taken off when I arrived. I ______ have left home earlier.
A．would B．must C．should D．might
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我到的时候飞机已经起飞了。我本应该早点离开家的。此处指的是“我应该
早点离开家”，表示对过去情况的虚拟，should have done“本应该做某事”符合题意。故选 C。
4．— Sam is asking whether he must attend the meeting tomorrow.
— Well, he ______ if he has something else to do.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——Sam 在问他是否必须参加明天的会议。——嗯，如果他有别的事要做，
就不用了。A. needn’t不需要，不必；B. can’t不能；C. mustn’t禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。根据“if he has something
else to do”可知，如果有别的事情做就不必参加明天早上的会议了。故选 A。
5．In a scenario where time was of the essence, a tele-surgery __________ the treatment process. Unfortunately, the
medical staff just dismissed the option, citing concerns about connectivity issues.
A．could have facilitated B．could facilitate
C．must have facilitated D．may have facilitated
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：在时间紧迫的情况下，远程手术可以促进治疗过程。不幸的是，医务人员
只是驳回了这个选择，理由是担心连接问题。动词 facilitate 意为“促进，促使”。could have done 表示对过去
事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做，强调过去有能力或有条件做某事，而实际没有做。must have
done 是对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。may have done 是对过去事情的推测，意思是“可能已
经”或“也许已经”，不用于虚拟语气。“could+动词原形”表示做某事的能力，或对现在或将来事情的虚拟，
不用于对过去事情的虚拟。这句话描述的是过去本可能发生的情形，但实际上并没有发生，属于对过去事
情的假设，所以本句话应该使用 could have done 的结构。故选 A。
6．In education, educators __________ place too much emphasis on fostering critical thinking skills; empowering
students to think independently is vital for their future success in a rapidly changing world.
A．should not B．cannot C．may not D．shall not
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：在教育中，教育者不应该过分强调培养批判性思维能力；在这个瞬息
万变的世界里，赋予学生独立思考的能力对他们未来的成功至关重要。should not 表示“不应该”。cannot 表
示“不能”。may not 表示“禁止”，shall not 表示“禁止、规定或命令”。根据“place too much emphasis on fostering
critical thinking skills; empowering students to think independently is vital for their future success in a rapidly
changing world”可知，此处是指教育者不应该过分强调培养批判性思维能力。故选 A。
7．—________ I use your glue I’m making a kite.
—No problem. Here you are.
A．Should B．Need C．Must D．May
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——我可以用你的胶水吗？我在做风筝。——没问题。给你。A. Should
应该；B. Need 需要；C. Must 必须；D. May 可能。此处表征求他人的同意，应用情态动词 may 引导一般疑
问句。故选 D。
8．—Why didn’t you inform me today’s meeting was called off
—If I was told in advance, I all the way here through the heavy rain.
A．couldn’t have driven B．should have driven C．needn’t have driven D．must have
driven
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——你为什么不通知我今天的会议取消了？——如果事先告诉我，我
就不必冒着大雨一路开车到这里来了。A. couldn’t have driven 不可能开车；B. should have driven 本应该开车；
C. needn’t have driven 本不必开车；D. must have driven 肯定已经开车。根据“If I was told in advance”可知，
此处是指不必冒着大雨一路开车到这里来。故选 C。
9．- Why didn’t you come to my party yesterday
-I wanted to, but my mom let me out so late.
A．wouldn’t B．shouldn’t C．couldn’t D．needn’t
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：-你昨天为什么不来参加我的聚会？-我很想，但我妈妈不让我这么晚出
去。A. wouldn’t 不愿意；B. shouldn’t 不应该；C. couldn’t 不能够；D. needn’t 不必。根据语境，这里指妈
妈“不愿意”我那么晚出去。故选 A 项。
10．I can’t find my purse. I ______ it in the supermarket yesterday, but I am not sure.
A．must have left B．must leave C．may have left D．might leave
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：我找不到我的钱包了。我昨天可能把它忘在超市了，但我不确定。
根据后文 yesterday 以及 I am not sure 可知，设空处表示对过去不太肯定的猜测，应用 may have done。故选
C。
11．One _____ cross the street against the red light.
A．ought not B．ought to not C．shouldn’t to D．oughtn’t to
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：一个人不应该闯红灯过马路。“不应该做某事”可用 ought not to do sth.
或 should not do sth.表示，只有 D 项表达正确。故选 D。
12．A: The doorbell rings. I wonder who that is.
B: It________be Tony. He’s still in the library at this moment.
A．may B．can’t C．must D．should
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：A：“门铃响了。我想知道那是谁。”B：“那不可能是 Tony。他此刻还在图
书馆里。”A. may 可能；B. can’t 不可能；C. must 必须，肯定；D. should 应该。根据句意，因为 Tony 还在
图书馆，所以那不可能是他按门铃，故这里需要一个表示否定可能性的情态动词。因此，用 can’t。故选 B。
13．I ______ to Beijing yesterday, but I didn’t catch the train.
A．should get B．should have got C．must get D．must have got
【答案】B
【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：我昨天应该去北京，但我没赶上火车。根据“but I didn’t catch the
train.”，此处表示过去应该做某事但实际上没有做，所以应该用 should have done 的形式。故选 B。
14．When he was young, he _______ go to the park with his parents every Sunday morning.
A．can B．must C．may D．would
【答案】D
【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：当他小的时候，他每个星期天早上都会和父母一起去公园。分析句子
可知，此处为情态动词+动词原形，结合从句动词 was 可知，此处为表示过去习惯性动作，即 would do sth。
故选 D 项。
15．—It’s twelve o’clock already in the night. ________ you play the guitar at such a late hour
—Oh, I’m so sorry.
A．Must B．Can C．May D．Shall
【答案】A
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：—已经夜里十二点了。你非得在这么晚的时候弹吉他吗？ —哦，非常抱歉。
A. Must 偏偏；B. Can 能够；C. May 可以；D. Shall 将要。根据句意，说话人表示的是一种不满意的情绪，
表示“非要这时候弹吉他吗”的意思，符合题意的是 must，有“非得，偏偏”的意思，故选 A 项。
16．I can’t get through to the manager’s office anyhow, so someone ________ the telephone.
A．can use B．can have used C．must be using D．must have used
【答案】C
【详解】考查情态动词和时态。句意：反正我打不通经理办公室的电话，一定是有人在用电话。根据“I can’t
get through to the manager’s office anyhow”可知，此处指“一定是有人在用电话”，是对正在发生的事情的肯定
推测，用 must be using，故选 C。
17．Childhood memories came back to me so clearly ______ the events had happened only yesterday.
A．even if B．what if C．as if D．only if
【答案】C
【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：童年的会议如此清晰地涌上心头，就好像这些事发生在昨天一样。A. even
if 即使；B. what if 要是……怎么样；C. as if 好像；D. only if 只有。根据空后“the events had happened only
yesterday”可知，此处意为“好像”，故应用 as if 引导方式状语从句，故选 C。
18．Recognizing the urgency of the situation, the chairperson recommended that the proposal shareholders were
opposed __________, emphasizing the need for a thorough review of all available information.
A．to being reconsidered B．to be reconsidered
C．should reconsider D．be reconsidered
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：认识到形势的紧迫性，主席建议重新考虑股东们反对的提案，强调有必要
彻底审查所有可用的信息。在英语中，当 suggest, recommend, propose 等词后面跟宾语从句时，从句要用虚
拟语气，即“should + 动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略。本题中 recommend 后的宾语从句应该使用虚拟语
气，即(should) + 动词原形。再考虑到 reconsider 与 proposal 之间的关系，proposal 是 reconsider 的动作承受
者，故应用被动语态 be reconsidered。故选 D 项。
19．There is a real possibility that these delicate animals could be frightened, __________a sudden loud noise.
A．if there should have B．should there be
C．had there been D．if there be
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气的省略。句意：如果突然一声巨响，这些脆弱的动物很有可能会收到惊吓。此处为
虚拟语气的条件句，根据前文的 these delicate animals could be frightened 和句意可知，此处与将来事实相反，
表达为 if there should be a sudden loud noise，可省略为 should there be a sudden loud noise。故选 B。
20．—— I’ve told him about it.
—— But I’d rather you________.
A．didn’t B．hadn’t C．don’t D．wouldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——我已经告诉他了。——但我宁愿你没告诉。would rather 后跟从句，从
句要用虚拟语气，此处与过去相反的虚拟，从句中的谓语动词使用过去完成式。故选 B。
21．I forget where I read the article, or I ________ it to you now.
A．will show B．would show C．am going to show D．am showing
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我忘了我在哪里读过这篇文章，否则我现在就给你看了。根据空白处上文
“I forget where I read the article, or(我忘了我在哪里读过这篇文章，否则的话)”可知，此处为含蓄条件句，再
根据下文“now(现在)”可知此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，主句要用“would + 动词原形”的形式。故选 B
项。
22．The salesman recommended he ________ insurance against sickness and unemployment.
A．getting B．to get C．got D．get
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：推销员建议他购买疾病和失业保险。get“购买”。动词 recommend“建议”后
接宾语从句，从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should 可省略。故选 D。
23．_________ today, he would get there by Friday.
A．Would he leave
B．Were he leaving
C．Were he to leave
D．Had he left
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他今天离开，他将在星期五到达那里。根据空格后文“would get”可知，
本句使用的是对将来的虚拟语气，空格处是条件状语从句，完整的从句应是：If he were to leave today，省略
If 和并且把 be 动词 were 放到主语前面，就变成倒装形式 Were he to leave today，故选 C 项。
24．His suggestion is that the harvest _____ in before the rainy season comes.
A．be got B．get C．should get D．got
【答案】A
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：他的建议是在雨季到来之前收获庄稼。suggestion 意为“建议”，
其后的表语从句应用（should）do 虚拟语气，should 可以省略。动词 get 意为“获得”，和主语构成被动关系，
用被动语态。故选 A。
25．They do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself_________ nothing.
A．is B．has been C．are D．were
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：它们确实跨越了几个世纪向我们伸出了援手，仿佛时间本身什么都不是。
结合句意可知，此处为 as if 引出的虚拟语气，结合主句中的 do reach 可知，此处表示的是与现在事实相反
的虚拟情况，所以从句中的谓语动词应使用过去时，be 动词应为 were。故选 D 项。
26．If I had made painstaking efforts to improve my craftsmanship in the past, I ______ a popular artisan now.
A．am B．were C．would have become D．would become
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我过去努力改进我的工艺，我现在会成为一个受欢迎的工匠。分析句
子可知，这里考查虚拟语气，从句对过去假设，时态用过去完成时，主语对现在假设，谓语动词应用 would
do 结构。故选 D 项。
27．Had he predicted the disaster, he ______ his girlfriend to the New Year’s celebration at the Bund, Shanghai.
A．wouldn’t take B．wouldn’t have taken
C．wouldn’t be taking D．wasn’t going to take
【答案】B
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他能预测到这场灾难，他就不会带女友去上海外滩参加新年庆祝活动
了。根据上文 Had he predicted the disaster 可知表示与过去的事实相反，主句用 had+done，从句用 would have
done，此处为否定意义。故选 B。
28．The public demanded that those officials who failed to raise the alarm in the first place ________ responsible
for the people suffering from the disease.
A．should hold B．be held C．held D．to hold
【答案】B
【详解】考查（should）do 虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：公众要求那些一开始就没有发出警报的官员对患有
这种疾病的人负责。hold sb responsible for 意为“因某事情发生而追究某人的责任”，hold 和主语 officials 构
成被动关系。动词 demand 意为“要求”，宾语从句中应用（should）do 虚拟语气，should 可以省略。故选 B。
29．It is essential that every child ______ equal educational opportunities.
A．has B．must have C．have D．had
【答案】C
【详解】考查虚拟语气句型。句意：每个孩子都有平等的受教育机会是至关重要的。分析句子可知，该句
为 It is essential that..的固定句型，要求 that 从句必须使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语由“should+动词原形”，且
should 可以省略。故选 C 项。
30．If Nina __________ that her husband would go to the bus stop to meet her, she wouldn’t have walked back
home.
A．knows B．knew C．has known D．had known
【答案】D
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果尼娜知道她丈夫会去公共汽车站接她，她就不会步行回家了。根据主
句中 wouldn’t have walked back home 可知，这里是对过去事情的虚拟，if 从句中应使用过去完成时。故选 D
项。
题型二 特殊句式单句语法填空高考真题
31．Never we think Lisa would arrive but she turned up at the last minute.
【答案】did
【详解】考查部分倒装和时态。句意：我们从未想到丽萨会来，但是她的确在最后一秒钟出现了。but 前的
句子中，Lisa would arrive 是宾语从句，其前为主句，根据 turned up 可知，主句描述过去的动作和状态，故
主句时态用一般过去时。Never 为否定词副词，放在句首，句子用部分倒装，把助动词 did 放到主语 we 之
前。故填 did。
32． by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent can the patients be treated properly in this hospital.
【答案】Only
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有通过把医生的数量提高 50%，病人才能在这个医院里得到治疗。表示“只
有”为 only，且 only 位于句首时，要用部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或 be 动词提到主语前面。首字母
大写。故填 Only。
33． is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.
【答案】Such
【详解】考查固定句型以及倒装句。句意：这就是电视的力量，它可以使一个人突然成名。固定句型“Sth. be
such that...(……就是如此，以至于……)”用于表达某种程度如此之大以至于产生了某种结果的情况，此句型
中 such 置于句首时，构成倒装句型：“Such be sth that...”；设空处填 such，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。
故填 Such。
34．Not until then Megan pour out what had been disturbing her the whole day.
【答案】did
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：直到那时，梅根才倾诉了一整天困扰她的事情。not until 位于句首时，句子要
用部分倒装，即将助动词/情态动词/be 动词提到主语前面。根据 then 以及宾语从句中使用的过去完成时可
知，此处应用一般过去时，所以将助动词 did 提到主语 Megan 前面，故填 did。
35． (sympathy) as she was to those homeless people, she could do nothing but provide them with some
food to relieve their temporary hunger.
【答案】Sympathetic
【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管她很同情那些无家可归的人，但她除了给他们提供一些食物以缓解他们
暂时的饥饿之外，别无他法。分析句子可知，as 引导让步状语从句，句子使用部分倒装句，表语置于句首，
sympathy“同情”是名词，形容词 sympathetic，作表语，置句首单词首字母大写，故填 Sympathetic。
36．I don’t know where the employee is from, does my wife.
【答案】neither/nor
【详解】考查连词（副词）。句意：我不知道这名员工来自哪里，我妻子也不知道。前文是否定句，表示“也
不”应用副词 neither 或连词 nor 引起部分倒装句型。故填 neither/nor。
37．Equally important (be) the diverse possibilities provided by the animal kingdom.
【答案】are
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：同样重要的是动物王国提供的各种可能性。本句为倒装句，主语为
possibilities，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，be 动词用 are。故填 are。
38．How I want to share with you the adventures in the Arctic! Below (be) some of the thrilling
experiences there.
【答案】are
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我多么想和你分享北极的冒险！下面是一些令人兴奋的经历。
根据上文的 want 可知，此处为一般现在时，表示方位的副词 below 置于句首，句子使用完全倒装，主语为
复数名词，be 动词用 are。故填 are。
39．At the foot of the mountain (lie) an old village which has a beautiful view.
【答案】lies
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：山脚下有一个古老的村庄，景色优美。分析可知，本句为地点状语置于句
首的全部倒装句，空处为主句谓语动词，根据后文 has 可知，此处为一般现在时。主语 an old village 是单数，
主谓一致，故填 lies。
40．In front of our school (stand) a tower which is famous for its long history.
【答案】stands
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：在我们学校前面矗立着一座塔，它以悠久的历史而闻名。本句为完全倒装
句型，描述现实情况，用一般现在时。主语 a tower 为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填 stands。
41．There (be) no nobody in the room, we realized that there was no use crying.
【答案】being
【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：房间里没人，我们意识到哭也没用。“There being + 名词”构成独立主
格结构，表示原因，故填 being 。
42．It is what you think about not what you have or what you are doing makes you happy or unhappy.
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：让你快乐或不快乐的，不是你拥有什么或你正在做什么，而是你的想法。这
是强调句型 it be+强调内容+that/who+句子剩余部分，强调内容为物，应用 that，强调内容为人，应用
that/who。此处 what you think about not what you have or what you are doing 是被强调部分，故填 that。
43．It was not until then I realized their marriage was breaking up because they had little in
common.
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：直到那时我才意识到他们的婚姻破裂了，因为他们没有什么共同之处。分
析句子结构可知，本句中强调的是 not until then，所以用 that 引导强调句型。故填 that。
44．It is also through borrowed words novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged
more conveniently and quickly.
【答案】that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：也正是通过借用词汇，新奇的思想得以传播，不同的信仰得以更方便、更迅
速地交流。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句：it is+被强调部分+that/who+其他，此处被强调部分为 also through
borrowed words。故填 that。
45．When (complete), the museum will be open to the public next year.
【答案】completed
【详解】考查省略句。句意：博物馆建成后，将于明年向公众开放。本句为状语从句的省略，还原句子为
When (it is) completed, the museum will be open to the public next year。故填 completed。
46．Though (defeat) many times, the unemployed man didn’t lose heart.
【答案】defeated
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：虽然失败了很多次，这个失业者并没有灰心。由句意空处应填非谓语动词，
主语 the unemployed man 与 defeat 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动，构成让步状语从句的省略。故
填 defeated。
47．Metal expand when (it is) heated and contract when (it is) (cool).
【答案】cooled
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：金属受热膨胀，受冷收缩。when 引导从句主语与主句主语一致，
从句主语 it 指代 Metal，与动词 cool 之间为被动关系，设空处填过去分词构成被动语态，从句主语与 be 动
词可以省略。故填 cooled。
48．Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skillful at tool use while (keep) in
the cage.
【答案】kept
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：虽然在野外还不知道它们会使用工具，但在笼子里的时候，这些
鸟已经证明了它们熟练地使用工具。分析可知，while 引导状语从句，从句主语为 the birds，与主句主语一
致，从句主语与动词 keep 之间为被动关系，从句完整的形式是 while they are kept in the cage，此状语从句可
省略为 while+过去分词结构，设空处填过去分词 kept。故填 kept。
49．If (leave) alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter.
【答案】left
【详解】考查省略句。句意：如果狗和猫被单独放在外面，它们会非常聪明地寻找温暖的住所。If 引导的条
件状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和 be 动词，完整的从句是 If they are left alone
outside，省略了 they are。故填 left。
50．The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only teachers’ energy saved, but students
became more interested in the lessons.
【答案】was
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：计算机被用于教学，结果不仅节省了教师的精力，而且学生对课程更感兴
趣。not only…but (also)…表示“不但……而且……”，not only 位于句首且连接两个分句时，前面的句子用部
分倒转，而后面的句子不倒。句子时态谓语一般过去时，而前面的句子为被动语态，主语为不可数名词，
所以需要把 was 提到主语的前面，构成部分倒装。故答案是 was。
51． (frank) speaking, he is not the suitable leader for the team.
【答案】Frankly
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，他不是这个团队合适的领导者。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定
短语“frankly speaking”，意为“坦率地说”，故空格处应用“frank”的副词形式“frankly”，句首单词首字母大写。
故填 Frankly。
52． （be）honest, I was surprised he knew where I was—I moved so often.
【答案】To be
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：老实说，我很惊讶他竟然知道我住在哪里，因为我经常搬家。to be honest
意为“老实说，实话说”，故填 To be。
53．Attitudes are put in the first place. Of equal importance (be) your abilities and qualifications.
【答案】are
【详解】考查倒装句、主谓一致和时态。句意：态度放在首位。同样重要的是你的能力和资历。分析句子
可知，句中“Of equal importance”为介词短语，在句中作表语，放在句首时，句子要用全部倒装，正常语序
为“Your abilities and qualifications _____ of equal importance.”，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，
句中“your abilities and qualifications”为可数名词复数形式，故“be”动词用“are”。故填 are。
54． (surround) the village, as I can remember, is a broad clean river, which brought great joy in his
childhood.
【答案】Surrounding
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的记忆中，环绕着村庄的是一条宽阔干净的河流，这给他的童年带
来了巨大的欢乐。此处为倒装句，现在分词提前引起的倒装，构成“分词+系动词+主语”，village 与 surround
构成主动关系，应用现在分词，是句子主要强调的部分，主语 a broad clean river 后移至助动词之后的句末
位置，句首单词首字母要大写。故填 Surrounding。
55．On the playground （lie）Tom, who was extremely tired after running for two hours.
【答案】lay
【详解】考查主谓一致和时态。句意：汤姆躺在操场上，他跑了两个小时后累极了。分析句子可知，设空
处为主句谓语，介词短语位于句首，用的全部倒装，主语是 Tom，再根据从句的时态，可知主句也要用一
般过去时，故填 lay。
56．Among all the birthday gifts (include) a DIY card, which I like best.
【答案】is included
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：在所有的生日礼物中有一张 DIY 卡片，这是我最喜欢的。根据结构可以判断
此句是介词短语位于句首的完全倒装句，句子主语是 a DIY car，谓语动词要用单数形式。a DIY car 与
“include”的关系是被动关系。故填 is included。
57．Absurd it might sound, everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.
【答案】as/though
【详解】考查倒装。句意：尽管听起来很荒谬，在场的每个人都被他在非洲的冒险故事逗乐了。分析句子
可知，逗号前的部分是一个倒装句，表语 absurd 提到了句首；再由句意可知，空格处应该填入一个连词，
且意义为“尽管”，所以应该用 as（as 引导的让步状语从句必须倒装）或 though（though 引导的让步状语从
句可以倒装，也可以不用倒装）。故填 as 或 though。
58．I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means the teacher satisfied with my progress.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态以及主谓一致。句意：我努力提高我的英语水平。但老师对我的进步一点也不满意。by no
means“决不”，该短语放到句首，后面的句子用部分倒装，其结构为“助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动
词”；be satisfied with“对……感到满意”，主语为 the teacher，第三人称单数形式，时态为一般现在时，所以
be 动词用 is，放到主语的前面构成部分倒装。故填 is。
59．—When can I use your computer —Never! At time should you touch it.
【答案】no
【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：——我什么时候可以用你的电脑？——不可以！你任何时候都不应该碰它。
根据“should you touch it”可知，句子用了部分倒装；根据 never 可知，你任何时候都不应该碰电脑，所以用
表示否定意义的介词短语 at no time，意为“在任何时候（都不）”，该短语位于句首，后面采用部分倒装。
故填 no。
60．Not only is likability (relate) to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes,
too.
【答案】related
【详解】考查固定短语和倒装句。句意：讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活结果有关，而且也是那些结果的原因。
分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“be related to...”，意为“与……有关系”，句中涉及固定句型“Not only…but
also…”，“Not only”所在句子要用部分倒装，“is”提前，故空格处应用“related”。故填 related。
题型三 情态动词与虚拟语气单句语法填空
61．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it’s too bad. You should (make) full preparations.
【答案】have made
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：——对不起，妈妈！我又没能通过面试。——噢，太糟糕了。你本应该做
好充分的准备。结合“I failed the job interview again.”可知，此处应用虚拟语气，描述与过去事实相反的情况，
用 should have done 表示“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。故填 have made。
62．Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our
planet.
【答案】can/will
【详解】考查情态动词和部分倒装。句意：只有当我们学会与自然和谐相处时，我们才能停止对野生动物
和我们的星球的威胁。only 修饰状语从句位于句首，句子应用部分倒装。在时间状语从句中用一般现在时
表将来。根据“Only when we learn to live in harmony with nature”和“we stop being a threat to wildlife and to our
planet”可知，此处是指才能停止对野生动物和我们的星球的威胁，应用情态动词 can 或 will 表示“能够，
会”。故填 can/will。
63．Development of the area would （danger）wildlife. So it’s better to think it over.
【答案】endanger
【详解】考查动词。句意：该地区的开发将危及野生动物。所以最好再考虑一下。would 后接动词原形
endanger“危及”。故填 endanger。
64．When you feel nervous, you can (breath) to calm yourself down.
【答案】breathe
【详解】考查动词和情态动词用法。句意：当你感到紧张时，你可以呼吸使自己平静下来。在情态动词 can
后应用动词原形，所以此处应用动词 breathe 表示“呼吸”。故填 breathe。
65．As the old saying goes,“A workman must (sharp) his tools if he is to do his work well.”
【答案】sharpen
【详解】考查动词。句意：俗话说得好：“工欲善其事，必先利其器”。must 后缺少动词原形，结合 his tools
可知，此处为“磨快，使……锋利”用动词 sharpen。故填 sharpen。
66．It’s known to all that both the change of climate and human’s hunting would wildlife’s
existence. (threat)
【答案】threaten
【详解】考查动词的用法。句意：众所周知，气候变化和人类的狩猎都会威胁到野生动物的生存。由于 would
后面需要跟动词原形，而 threat 是名词，意为“威胁”，因此需要使用其动词形式 threaten 来填空。故答案是
threaten。
67．You can (breath) in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning
song.
【答案】breathe
【详解】考查动词。句意：当鸟儿用清晨的歌声迎接新的一天时，你可以呼吸到鲜花的芳香。情态动词 can
后面，使用动词原形 breathe。故填 breathe。
68．When I was young, I was told that I not play with fire.
【答案】must
【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当我年轻的时候，有人告诉我不能玩火。由 not play with fire 以及句意可知，
这里表示“不能”玩火，所以应用情态动词 must。故填 must。
69．Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list
grizzlies, which would (loose) legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
【答案】loosen
【详解】考查动词。句意：它们的恢复是如此成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从
名单上除名，这将放松法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。分析句子可知，which 是定语从句的主语，空处和 would
一起构成从句的谓语部分，loosen“放松”，动词，would 后用动词原形，故填 loosen。
70．The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt that he could (express) it
indirectly.
【答案】have expressed
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：发言人对他在会上所说的话并不后悔，只是觉得他本可以间接地表达出来。
根据“The spokesman did not regret what he had said at the conference but felt”可知，此处是指他本可以间接地表
达出来，是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用 could have done 表示“本可以做某事”。动词 express 意为
“表达”。故填 have expressed。
题型四 语法填空
Passage 1
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
While driving alone through the countryside, Linda saw an old woman by the side of the road, reaching out
her hand. 71 was getting dark and raining. “I can t leave her out in this weather,” Linda said to herself, so
she stopped the car.
“ Shall I offer you 72 lift ” Linda asked. The old woman nodded and climbed into the car. After a
while Linda asked, “Have you waited for long ” The old woman shook her head. 73 (strange)enough, the
old woman didn’t say a single word all the way. Her only 74 (respond) was always a nod of the head or
something else like that.
Then Linda saw the lady’s hands, 75 were very large and covered with thick hair. She realized 76
the lady was a man! After 77 (stop) the car, Linda said, “can’t see that mirror. Would you mind cleaning it
78 me ” The lady nodded and opened the door. As soon as the “lady” was out of the car, Linda drove off
quickly.
When Linda arrived home, she found that the old lady 79 (leave) a handbag on the backseat. She
opened it and let out a deep breath. Inside it 80 two sharp knives.
【答案】
71．It 72．a 73．Strangely 74．response 75．which 76．that 77．stopping 78．for
79．had left 80．were
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是 Linda 开车穿过乡下，让一位老妇人打车，发现老妇人是伪装的劫
匪后机智甩开的故事。
71．考查代词。设空处指代时间和天气，故填 It。
72．考查冠词。offer sb. a lift 意为“让某人搭便车”。故答案为 a。
73．考查副词。设空处在句 中作状修饰整个句子，需用 strange 的副词形式。故答案为 strangely。
74．考查名词。设空处由形容词性物主代词修饰在句 中作主语，需用 respond 的名词形式。故答案为
response。
75．考查关系词。设空处引导 非限制性定语从句修饰 the lady's hands ,且在从句中作主语，故填 which。
76．考查连接词。句意：她意识到这位女士是个男人!设空处引导宾语从句且从句意义及成分均完整， 故填
引导词 that。
77．考查动词-ing 形式作宾 语的用法。Linda 与 stop 之间是逻 辑上的主谓关系，且设空处作 After 的宾语，
故填动名词 stopping。
78．考查介词。句意：你介意帮我擦一下吗 设空处意为“为”， 故填 for。
79．考查过去完成时。leave 表示的动作发生在主句谓语动作 found 之前，是“过去的过去”，用过去完成时。
故答案为 had left。
80．考查倒装与主谓一致。句意：里面有两把锋利的刀。Inside 在句首这 是一个完全倒装句，主语是后面
的 two sharp knives ,谓语动词要用复数形式。故答案为 were。
Passage 2
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Liu Xin 81 (summary) her long career in the media industry with three letters: I, G and O.
The first letter, I, stands for innovation (创新), As an anchorwoman (女主持人) of CGTN, she has to sit down
for one-on-one interviews with people from different walks of life. Quite often, she has to come up with 82
(create) ways to make an impact during interviews. Once, she was tasked with interviewing a Swiss inventor of
solar energy planes. She 83 (care) arranged the interview with the inventor 84 (sit) in the cockpit (驾驶
舱) of his new plane. This not only livened up the conversation, but also offered the audience a different view into
the world of green energy.
‘G’ is for grit (勇气). When she was working in Geneva as 85 CCTV English channel journalist, she had
to face all kinds of challenges to get to the truth 86 the news. ‘Sometimes when I got back from work, I felt
like my head was about to blow off. But it was an inner voice 87 always told me to keep up.’
‘O’ is short for orientation (目标方向). As a journalist, she has to give it all by making careful plans for both
daily work and career development. ‘I always remind 88 (me) to keep a record of where I am and where I am
going.’
Together, the three letters make the catchy slogan ‘I go’. This, according to Liu, is 89 keeps her going
forward on her way to 90 (excellent).
【答案】
81．summarized 82．creative 83．carefully 84．sitting 85．a 86．behind 87．that
88．myself 89．what 90．excellence
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。刘欣用三个字母总结了她在传媒行业的漫长职业生涯:I, G 和 O。文章对这三
个字母进行了分析。
81．考查时态。句意：刘欣用三个字母总结了她在传媒行业的漫长职业生涯:I, G 和 O。结合句意可知句子
用一般过去时态，故答案为 summarized。
82．考查词形转换。此处 ways 是名词，由形容词来修饰，故答案为 creative。
83．考查词形转换。句意：她仔细安排了与坐在新飞机驾驶舱里的发明家的面谈。此处 arranged 使动词，
由副词来修饰，故答案为 carefully。
84．考查现在分词作后置定语。句意：她仔细安排了与坐在新飞机驾驶舱里的发明家的面谈。此处 the inventor
和 sit 之间是主动关系，是现在分词作后置定语，故答案为 sitting。
85．考查不定冠词。句意：当她作为中央电视台英语频道记者在日内瓦工作时，她必须面对各种各样的挑
战才能了解新闻背后的真相。结合句意可知此处应该用不定冠词表示泛指，故答案为 a。
86．考查介词。句意：当她作为中央电视台英语频道记者在日内瓦工作时，她必须面对各种各样的挑战才
能了解新闻背后的真相。结合句意可知此处用介词 behind。
87．考查强调句式。句意：那是内心的声音，总是告诉我要跟上。此处是强调句式，故答案为 that。
88．考查反身代词。句意：我总是提醒自己要记录下我在哪里，我要去哪里。结合句意可知此处用反身代
词作宾语，故答案为 myself。
89．考查表语从句。句意：刘说，这是她不断追求卓越的原因。此处表语从句缺少引导词，又缺少主语，
故答案为 what。
90．考查词形转换。句意：刘说，这是她不断追求卓越的原因。固定词组：on one’s way to+名词/代词宾格/
动名词，“在去------的路上”，可知此处用名词形式，故答案为 excellence。
Passage 3
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the 91 (twenty) century , the temperature of the earth 92 (rise) about one
degree Fahrenheit. It is a rapid increase when compared 93 other natural changes .
There is no doubt 94 the earth is becoming warmer. Scientists believe 95 is human
activity that has caused this global warming. The increase in the earth's temperature is due to the 96
(burn) of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process 97 (call) “greenhouse” gases, the most
important one of 98 is carbon dioxide. Without the “greenhouse effect”, the earth would be thirty-three
degree Celsius 99 (cool) than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge
quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, causing the global temperature 100 (go) up.
【答案】
91．twentieth 92．rose 93．to/with 94．that 95．it 96．burning 97．are called
98．which 99．cooler 100．to go
【分析】这是一篇说明文。20 世纪，地球的温度上升了 1 华氏度。科学家们认为是人类活动导致了地球变
暖，因为矿物的燃烧导致过多的二氧化碳排放到了大气层中。
91．考查序数词。句意：在 20 世纪，地球的温度上升了 1 华氏度。“在 20 世纪”是按时间顺序记时的，应用
序数词。故填 twentieth。
92．考查时态。句意同上。“在 20 世纪”提示了我们这句话时态使用一般过去时。故填 rose。
93．考查介词。句意：与其它自然变化相比，这是一个很快的升高。“be compared to/with”是固定表达,意为
“”与……相比，这里是 when (it is）compared to/with 的省略形式。故填 to/with。
94．考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问地球正在变得更暖和。There is no doubt that… “毫无疑问”是固定句型。
故填 that。
95．考查强调句。句意：科学家们认为是人类活动导致了全球变暖。强调句句式结构为“it is …that/who…”，
本句去掉 is 和 that 后句子不缺成份，所以说是宾语从句中嵌套了强调句。故填 it。
96．考查动名词。句意：地球温度的升高是由于化石燃料的燃烧。空格前有定冠词，空格后是介词，所以
空格处填名词形式。所给出的单词为动词，所以填动名词形式。故填 burning。
97．考查被动语态。句意：一些副产品被叫做温室气体，其中最重的一种是二氧化碳。分析句子成分可知，
句子缺少谓语动词，且根据句意，应使用被动语态。全文使用的时态为一般现在时，且主语 Some byproducts
为复数形式，故填 are called。
98．考查定语从句。句意同上。根据句意可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词为 gases，从句缺少主语用于 of
后，故填 which。
99．考查形容词比较级。句意：没有温室效应，地球将比现在凉快 33 摄氏度。由空格后的 than 可知此处用
比较级。故填 cooler。
100．考查不定式。句意：当我们把大量的二氧化碳排入空气的时候，问题就出现了，导致地球温度上升。
cause… to do sth. 是固定搭配，意为“导致……做某事”，故填 to go。

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