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人教版八年级上Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation
SectionA
一．短语归纳
go on vacation去度假 2. stay at home待在家里
go to the mountains去爬山 4. go to the beach去海滩
5.visit museums 参观博物馆 6.go to summer camp去参观夏令营
7.quite a few相当多(只修饰可数名词) 8.study for为……而学习
9.go out出去 10.most of the time大部分时间
11.buy something special 买特别的东西 12.taste good尝起来很好吃
13.of course当然 14.keep a diary 记日记
二. 课文典句
1. Where did you go on vacation 你去哪儿度假的？
2. Long time no see.好久不见。
3. Did you go anywhere interesting 你去有趣的地方了吗？
4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.
大多数时间我只是待在家里看书和放松。
5. I bought something for my father.我给我爸爸买了些东西。
6. Everything was excellent . 一切都很棒。
7. How did you like it 你觉得它怎么样？
三. 重点解读
buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.为某人买某物
E.g. I bought something for my father. (p3)
=I bought my father something.
nothing…but... 除了……之外什么都没有
nothing to do but+动词原型 除了做某事外没事能做
eg. There was nothing much to do in the evening but read.（p3）
主语+seem+(to be）+ adj. 看起来……，似乎......
E.g. Still nothing seemed to be bored.(p3)
主语+seem to do “似乎，好像做某事
eg. The children seem to not like to do homework.孩子们似乎不喜欢做家庭作业。
It seems that+句子 “看起来好像……；似乎……“。
g. It seems that no one knows the answer.似乎没有人知道答案。
四．语法归纳
[一般过去时]
一、定义
一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间状语yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, in the past 等连用。
What did you do yesterday 昨天你干什么了？
I met Lin Tao this morning. 今天上午我见到了林涛。
I was there a moment ago. 刚才我在那儿。
二、构成
be动词 实义动词
肯定句 主语 + was / were + 其他 主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他
否定句 主语 + was / were + not + 其他 主语 + didn’t +动词原形 + 其他
一般疑问句 Was / Were + 主语 + 其他 Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was / were. 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did.
否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn’t / weren’t. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t.
三、动词过去式变法
动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。
规则变化遵循以下原则：
1. 一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy—destroyed, sign—signed。
2. 在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate—hated, date—dated。
3. 在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加-ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study—studied。
4. 在以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned。
不规则变化需要特殊记忆：
am/is—was, are—were, begin—began, bring—brought, build—built, buy—bought, can—could, go—went, give—gave, come—came, do—did, feel—felt, have/has—had, keep—kept
四、一般过去时的应用
1. 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态
He bought the computer five years ago. 这电脑是他五年前买的。
It was then a small fishing village. 那时它只是一个小渔村。
2. 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作
We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。
We often went out for a walk after supper. 我们过去常在晚饭后散步。
[复合不定代词]
由some, any, no, every与thing, one, body 构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。
someone / somebody 某人 something 某事；某物
anyone / anybody 任何人 anything 任何事物
no one / nobody 无人；没有人 everyone / everybody 每人/人人
everything 每一件事物；一切 nothing 没有什么
(1).复合不定代词作主语时，都做单数看待，谓语动词用第三称单数。
No one knows the answer. 没有人知道这个答案。
Everyone ______ ( have ) a computer in my family. 在我家每人都有一台电脑。
Everything___________ ( begin) to grow in spring. 在春天，万物开始生长。
(2)．形容词、动词不定式等作定语修饰复合不定代词时，要放在不定代词之后。
There is nothing interesting in the newspaper.报纸上没有什么有趣的事情。
Do you want anything to drink 你想喝点什么吗？
(3). 一般情况下，含有some的复合不定代词someone / somebody, something常用于肯定句,
含有any的复合不定代词 anyone / anybody, anything常用于否定句、疑问句中代替someone / somebody, anything表示 “ 某人”，“某物”。nothing = not…anything.
Did you meet anyone interesting？你遇见了有趣的人吗？　
Did you buy anything special 你卖了些特别的东西吗？
(4). 含有some的复合不定代词someone / somebody, something 在表示请求、建议、反问等疑问句中，发问者希望得到肯定回答时 ，也可使用。
Would you like something to drink 你想喝点东西吗？
Could you please ask someone to help me 请你叫人来帮助我好吗？
(5). anything作“任何事物”,anyone作“任何人”讲时，可用于肯定句，条件句。
I can do anything for you. 我可为你做任何事情。Anyone can do this. 任何人都能做这件事。
语法练习－一般过去式：
1. 写出下列动词的过去式。
drive ________ drink ________ eat ________ do ________
have ________ forget ________ get ________ go ________
hear ________ feel ________ know________ read________
is_________ are_________ buy_______ draw ________
swim________bring_______begin______sleep________come______stop________forget______like________visit________carry_________study________stay________play_______enjoy____
2.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
（1）He went shopping with his friend last weekend. (改为一般疑问句)
________ he ________ shopping with his friend last weekend
（2）I visited my uncle last Friday. (改为否定句)
I ________ ________ my uncle last Friday.
（3）I took a lot of pictures in New York City. (就画线部分提问)
________ ________ you ________ in New York City
（4）I bought something special. (改为一般疑问句)
________ you ________ ________ special
（5）Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall (作否定回答)
________, ________ ________.
3.用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。
（1）. I usually ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
（2）. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
（3）. ______ you _______ (visit) your grandparents last Spring Festival
（4）. —Did he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday —Yes, he ______.
（5）. It _________ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday. was
（6）. Don’t ______ the house. Mum _______ it yesterday. (clean)
（7）. They _________ (make) a kite a week ago.
（8）. I want to ______ apples. But my dad _______ all of them last month. (pick)
（9）. She ____ (be) a pretty girl. Look, she _____ (dance).
. The students often _________ (draw) some pictures in the art room.
4.单选选择。
（1）. Mr. Li is out. But he _______ here ten minutes ago.
A. is B. was C. will be D. were
（2）. We _______ eleven lessons last term.
A. learn B. learned C. learns D. learning
（3）. We _______ the Great Wall three days ago.
A. didn’t went to B. didn’t go to C. weren’t go to D. go to
（4）. —Hi, Kate. You look tired. What’s the matter
—I _______ well last night.
A. didn’t sleep B. don’t sleep C. slept D. sleep
（5）. —Where _______ you find your ticket
—I _______ it on the ground.
A. did, found B. do; found C. were; find D. is; finding
(6).—_______did you do last night —I went shopping.
A.What B.How C.Why D.Where
(7).Kate_______her uncle last night.She did her homework.
A.doesn’t visit B.don’t visit C.didn’t visit D.visited
课后练习
1、用动词的适当形式填空：
1.Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
2.Mike _____(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So I_____(get ) up late.
3.Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.
4.There _________ (be) no one here a moment ago.
5.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
6.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing.
7.Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year.
8.Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm.
9.My mother ________________ (not do) housework yesterday.
10.She watches TV every evening. But she ______ (not watch) TV last night.
2、用括号内动词的正确形式填空
Last year Mr. Smith _____ (go ) to China and Japan. He _____ (have) a wonderful time. He _____ (do) a lot of different things and _____ (talk) to a great number of different people. He _____ (eat) Chinese and Japanese food and _____ (visit) a lot of interesting places. When he _____ (go) back to England, he _____ (be) very tired.
复合不定代词练习
1. 从方框中选择适当的单词完成句子
nothing, anywhere, something, someone, anyone
（1）My cat lost because I can’t find it ________.
（2）I’m so thirsty. Shall we get ________ to drink
（3）There’s ________ in the new house. It’s empty.
（4）—Jane, did you meet Mark in the classroom this morning
—No. In fact, I didn’t meet ________ there.
（5）I seem to hear ________ knocking at the door.
2.用不定代词或不定副词填空：
1. I can’t hear anything = I can hear _________.
2. There is __________ on the floor. Please pick it up.
3. Did _____ go to play basketball with you
4. I phoned you last night, but ________ answered it.
5. I don’t think ___________ telephoned.
6. Why don’t you ask _________ to help you
7. If you want __________ , please let me know.
8. Shall we get _________ to drink
9. Don’t worry. There’s ______ wrong with your ears.
10. There’s __________ in the box. It’s empty.
11. Maybe ______ put my pencil _________. I can’t find it ___________.
3.用下列词填空
anything everything nothing everyone no one
Dear Bill,
How was your vacation Did you do__1__interesting Did __2__in the family go with you I went to a friend’s farm in the coutryside with my family.__3__was great.We fed some hens and saw some baby pigs.They were so cute! The only problem was that there was __4___much to do in the evening but read. Still___5__ seemed to be bored. Bye for now!
4.单选
( ) 1.---What else do you need for your trip ---____________else. I’ve packed everything.
A. Something B. Everything C. Nothing D.anything
( ) 2．The bottle is empty. There is ____ in it.
　A．anything　B．something　C．nothing D.everything
( ) 3．There isn't ____ milk in the fridge. You'd better buy some.
　 A．no　B．any　C．some
( ) 4. Everything ______ ready. We can start now.
A. are B. is C. be D. were
( ) 5. There’s ______ with his eyes. He’s OK.
A. anything wrong B. wrong something C. nothing wrong D. wrong nothing
( ) 6. —The story is so amazing! It’s the most interesting story I’ve ever read.
—But I’m afraid it won’t be liked by ______.
A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody
( ) 7. She listened carefully, but heard ______.
A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. nothing
( ) 8. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
( ) 9. —Everyone is here today, ______ —No, Han Mei isn’t here. She’s ill.
A. isn’t it B. isn’t he C. are they D. isn’t everyone
( ) 10. Everything goes well, ______
A. is it B. isn’t it C. do they D. doesn’t it
( ) 11．----“There isn't ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me ” ----“All ringht.”
　 A．some; some　B．any; any　C．some; any　D．any; some
( ) 12．There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me
　A．any; some　B．any; any　C．some; some　D．some; any
( ) 13. I’m hungry. I want ______ to eat.
A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
( ) 14. —Do you have ______ to say for yourself — No, I have ______ to say.
A. something; everything B. nothing; something
C. everything; anything D. anything; nothing
( ) 15. Why not ask ______ to help you
A. everyone B. someone C. anyone D. none
( ) 16．Put it down, Tom. You mustn't read ____ letter.
　 A．anyone's else's　 B．anyone's else C．anyone else's　 D．anyone else
基础练习
1. 快乐译一译
（1）go on vacation ________ （2）quite a few ________
（3）of course ________ （4）do something special ________
（5）have a good time ________
2.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.—How was the movie —It was_______ (精彩的).I want to see it again.
2.I think_______ (没有什么) is impossible if you work hard.
3.Mrs.Green_______ (似乎) to be very happy.
4.There are lots of_______ (母鸡) on the farm.
5.I can’t find my ruler_______ (在任何地方).
3. 根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。
（1）—Did you have a w________ time at the party
—Yeah! We had a great time there.
（2）—Did you go a________ interesting last summer
—Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family.
（3）There is n________ in her bag. It’s empty.
（4）E________ should obey (遵守) traffic rules.
（5）I bought a hat for my sister and a skirt for m________.
4. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
（1）I fed some ________ (hen) on the farm.
（2）She is ________ (boring) with her job.
（3）There are three ________ (diary) on the desk.
（4）Jack seems to________ (be) a clever boy.
（5）Alice ________ (do) her homework at home last Sunday evening.
（6）I didn’t buy anything for_______ (I) last night.
（7）.Everyone in my family_______ (like) watching TV.
（8）.Do you keep a_______ (diary)
（9）We_______ (take) three photos in our school yesterday.
（10）.Tom_______ (read) an interesting book last night.
5.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. I had a ______________ (enjoy) weekend.
2. Can you tell me the ______________ (different) between the twins
3. The little girl goes to the movie in ______________ (excite).
4. We took quite a few ______________ (photo) in the countryside.
5. The holiday is ______________ (real) exciting.
6. The children ___________ (play) soccer there. Let’s go and have a look.
7. ______ (be) everyone at school yesterday morning
8. –Would you like ______ (visit) the museum with me
9.What about ____________(dance) Good idea.
10. It’s very interesting _____ ( feed) the pets.
11.Do you feel like_______ (drink) some orange
12.Our teacher often keeps us _______(read) English in the morning.
反身代词
填词：1.I don’t like the film. I felt b_____ .
2.He s_____ to be quite sad.
3.The trip seems_____ (be) bored because of the rain.
4.I enjoyed _____ (I) at the party yesterday.
5.Did you buy anything for ______ (you)？
6.--Who teaches _____ singing —Nobody, I learn it by_____ .
完成句子：1.______ _____your vacation (你的假期过得怎么样？)
2.I have _____ _____ ____in the evening.(晚上我无事可做。)
Section B
一.短语归纳
have a good time 玩得高兴；过得愉快 2.feel like给……的感觉；感受到
the houses of the Chinese traders 中国商人的房子
a lot of new buildings 许多新的建筑物
4.in the past在过去 5.walk around四处走走
6.walk up to the top爬上山顶 7.over an hour 一个多小时
8.too many 太多 9.rain hard(=rain heavily) 雨下得大
10.because of因为 11. one bowl of …一碗……
12.the next day第二天 13. another two hours 另外两个小时
Self Check
1.go to the countryside 去乡下 2.in the shopping center 在购物中心
3.have a fun time 玩得高兴；过得愉快 4.after three hours 三个小时以后
5.keep going 一直走 6.twenty minutes later 20分钟后
二.课文典句
1. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.
今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚的槟城。
2. For lunch, we had something very special.午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。
3. …but many of the old buildings are still there.…但是许多旧的建筑还在那里。
4. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。
5. And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below.
并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。
三．重点解读
1.表示到达的词语。arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点=get to=reach
特别提示:当arrive at / in ; get to 跟 there, here, home 等副词时，要去掉介词 at / in ,
to .( get home / there / here, arrive home / there / here)
2.decide to do sth.决定去做某事decide not to do sth. 决定不做某事
E.g.We decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (p5)
I decided not to tell him the bad news.我决定不告诉他这个坏消息。
3.try 的用法。
1)try doing sth.尝试做某事
2） try to do sth.尽力去做某事
3) try one’s best to do sth.尽某人最大努力去做某事
4）have a try 试一试
E.g. My sister and I tried paragliding. 我和我姐姐尝试了滑翔伞运动。（P5）
I will try my best to learn English. 我将尽我最大的努力学习英语。
The T-shirt looks nice. Can I have a try.这件体恤看起来很好。我能试一试吗？
feel like（1）给…的感觉;感受到; feel like (that)+句子（I felt like I was a bird.)
(2)想要 feel like doing sth.=would like / want to do sth.想要做某事
注：feel的过去式为felt.
too many+可数名词复数
too much +不可数名词 意为“太多”
much too “太”
E.g. There are too many people in the street. 街上有太多人。
There is too much water in the cup.杯子里有太多水。
This dress is much too long for me.这条裙子对我来说太长了。
forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 forget to do sth.忘记要做某事
(注：forget的过去式为forgot)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 remember to do sth. 记得要做某事
E.g. We were wet and cold because we forgot to bring an umbrella.(p6)
I forgot to close the door last night.我昨天晚上忘了关门。
7.enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 like doing sth./to do sth. diskike doing sth.
8.Keep (sb.) doing sth.一直做某事;让某人一直做某事 keep sth+adj.使…保持…状态
注：keep的过去式为kept.
E.g. He kept standing here from 8 a.m to 10 a.m. 他从八点到十点一直站在那。
so+adj.+that+从句 如此……以至于……
e.g.I was so tired that I can’t walk any longer.我是如此的累以至于不能再走了。
10 . enough 的用法。
1）做形容词“足够的；充足的”，修饰名词，可位于名词前、后，但常位于名词之前。enough money , enough time.
2) 做副词“足够”，修饰形容词或副词，常位于形容词或副词之后。
enough+名词（enough money，enough water）
形容词/副词+enough（old enough
11.. bored厌倦的；烦闷的， boring 无聊的；无趣的
区别： bored是感觉无聊，boring是令人感觉无聊；bored 主语是人，boring 主语一般是物; bored 只能作表语，boring 能作表语，定语。
（注：此类以-ing结尾的形容词表示物本身怎么样，以-ed结尾的形容词表示人感到怎么样。）
12. because 表“因为”引导原因状语从句 ， so 表“所以”引导结果状语从句，两者不能同
时出现在同一句中，但是两者可互换。
because 是连词后跟一个完整的句子，构成原因状语从句。
because of 其后接名词、代词、动名词。
巩固练习
Ⅰ.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词
1.—What does his father do —He is a_______ (商人).
2.There are many trees on the_______ (顶部) of the mountain.
3.Your coat is_______ (湿的).Please take it off.
4.Look! Many_______ (鸟) are in the tree.
5.I_______ (不喜欢) singing with them.
2.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.There is no_______ (different) between the two books.
2.Let’s do some_______ (activity) today.
3.This is an old_______ (build).
4.They_______ (go) to Mount Tai last Sunday.
5.I_______ (buy) a new coat for my sister last weekend.
6. Everyone ______（be）here yesterday.
7. There _____ (be) something strange in the room.
8. Can you dress _____ (you)
9. I learn English by ______ (I).
10. Jill saw a ______ (wonder) TV show.
11. He is new so he has ____ (few/ a few) friends.
12. It seems _____ (rain).
13. The meeting is _____. It makes everyone feel _____.(bore)
14. Do you know how to write _______(diary)
15. The _____ (activity) are very ______ (enjoy). The children are enjoying ________ (them).
16. We decide ______(wait) her for another two hours.
17. Try ______ (learn) English well. It’s useful.
18. He feels like _____ (eat) something.
19. There are still a few old ______ (build) in the town.
20. There is no ______ (different) between the two ways.
21. Tom ______ (like) sports, so he isn’t very healthy.
22. He can keep _______ (run) for two hours.
23. Please tell Linda ________ （call）me when she comes back.
24. I dislike ______ (play) soccer.
3.用下列词填空
Because of feel like go on vacation quite a few keep a diary
Sue is outgoing and friendly, so she has____________friends at school.
Our teacher asks us to ______________to practice out written English every day.
They____________they were birds on the plane.
--Where did you________last summer, Mary -- I went to Sanya with my parents.
5. He was late for work__________the bad weather.
4.单选
( )8.I late the bad weather yesterday.
am,because B.am,because of C.was,because D.was,because of
( )9.Tom decided volleyball on Sunday.
to play B.play C.played D.playing
( )10.We who is going to teach us next term.
think B.wonder C.hope D.believe
( )11.—I am_______.May I have something to eat —OK.Here’s some bread.
A.thirsty B.hungry C.tired D.sleepy
( )12.—Where will you go on vacation —I decide_______ Australia.
A.go to B.to go to C.going to D.will go to
( )13.Ann is_______ to work out the problems.
A.careful enough B.enough careful C.carefully enoug D.enough carefully
( )14.Tom studied hard and tried_______ the exam.
A.pass B.passes C.to pass D.passing
( )15.When I swim in the river, I_______ I’m a fish.
A.look like B.sound like C.feel like D.am like
( )16. Don’t worry（担心）. Everything _____ OK.
A. be B. is C. are D. am
( )17.You can do nothing but ____.
A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. waited
( ) 18. I have quite ________ friends. I feel very happy.
A. few B. a few C. little D. a little
( )19.-: Don’t forget ___ your history and politics books tomorrow morning.---: Thanks. I won’t.
A. bring B.to bring C. bringing D. brings
( )20.The new kind of ring is ______ expensive. I don’t have _______ money.
A. too much, much too B. much too, too much
C. too many, too much D. much too, much too

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