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8A Unit 4 Do it yourself单词知识点汇总(1)
Comic&Welcome to the unit--Reading词汇知识点
instruction n.指示
课文例句:Here are clear instructions. 这里有清楚的指示说明。
知识点
instruction做名词时(常用复数形式),可以表示“用法说明;操作指南”
例:Follow the instructions on the packet carefully. 仔细按照包装上的说明操作。
Always read the instructions before you start. 使用前务请阅读操作说明。
近义词:directions
instruction做名词时,还可以表示“指示;命令;吩咐”
例:ignore/carry out sb's instructions 忽视╱执行某人的命令
近义词:order
had better (=’d better)最好
课文例句:You’d better get some tools. 你最好拿一些工具。
知识点
在给他人提建议时,我们常使用had better,为情态动词,表示“最好”做某事,后接动词原形,且没有人称和数的变化。
例:We had better(=’d better)leave before it rains. 我们最好在下雨前离开。
★had better否定形式为had better not,后接动词原形
例:I’d better not leave my bag there. Someone might steal it.
我最好不要把包留在那里。可能有人会偷。
exactly adv. 确切地,精确地
知识点
exactly做副词可以表示“精确地;准确地;确切地”
例:I know exactly how she felt.
我完全清楚她的感受。
You haven't changed at all—you still look exactly the same .
你一点没变—看上去完全是老样子。
近义词:precisely
stand for 代表
课文例句:It stands for “do-it-yourself”. 它代表了“自己做”。
知识点
近义词:represent
repair vt. 修补
课文例句:
When you do DIY, you make, repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it.
当你做DIY的时候,你会自己制作,修补和装饰东西,而不是花钱让别人去做。
知识点
repair做动词可以表示“修理;修补;修缮”
例:It's almost 15 years old. It isn't worth having it repaired.
这东西差不多15年了。不值得送去修了。
repair做动词还可以表示“补救;纠正;弥补”
例:It was too late to repair the damage done to their relationship.
太晚了,无法弥补他们的关系所遭受的创伤了。
近义词:fix
decorate vt. 装饰
知识点
decorate做动词可以表示“装饰;装潢”
例:They decorated the room with flowers and balloons.
他们用花和气球装饰了房间。
instead of 而不是,代替
知识点
★instead of后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式,或也可以连接两个语法上对等的成分。
例:Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
现在我可以步行去上班,而不必开车了。
★注意:instead和instead of虽然在形式上相近,但instead为副词,译为“代替,反而”,常单独使用,放在句尾,一般用来连接两个句子;而instead of为介词短语,译为“代替,而不是”,后面接名词、代词、动名词短语或者介词短语作宾语。
crazy adj. 着迷的,狂热的;发疯的
课文例句:My cousin Andrew is crazy about DIY.
我的表弟安德鲁对DIY非常的着迷。
知识点
crazy做形容词可以表示“不理智的;疯狂的;愚蠢的;傻的”
例:Are you crazy We could get killed doing that.你疯了?我们那样做会丧命的。
crazy做形容词还可以表示“非常气愤的”
例:That noise is driving me crazy. 那噪声吵得我快发疯了。
crazy做形容词还可以表示“热衷的;狂热的”
例:Rick is crazy about football.里克对足球着了迷。
比较级:crazier 最高级:the craziest
terrible adj. 可怕的
课文例句:But when he finishes, the house always looks terrible!
但当他完成后,房子总是看起来非常糟糕!
知识点
terrible做形容词可以表示“非常讨厌的;令人极不快的;可怕的”
例:a terrible experience令人极不愉快的经历
terrible做形容词还可以表示“危害极大的;造成极大伤害的;非常严重的”
例:He had suffered terrible injuries. 他受了重伤。
terrible做形容词还可以表示“劣质的;劣等的;拙劣的”
例:Your driving is terrible!你的驾驶技术真是糟糕透了!
terrible做形容词还可以表示“极度的;极其严重的”
例:a terrible mistake严重的错误
once adv. 曾经,一度
课文例句:
He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.
他曾经尝试在房间里安装一盏更亮的灯,但是他犯了一个错误。
知识点
once做副词可以表示“曾经”
例:I once met your mother. 我曾经见过你母亲。
once做副词还可以表示“仅一次;一次”
例:He cleans his car once a week. 他每周洗一次汽车。
3)词组积累:at once=right away=right now=immediately立刻,马上
put in 安装
课文例句:
He once tried to put in a brighter light in his bedroom, but he made a mistake.
他曾经尝试在房间里安装一盏更亮的灯,但是他犯了一个错误。
知识点
★put的动词短语:
put up① 搭建,搭建;② 安排住宿,为……提供膳宿,夜宿
put out 扑灭
put up with 容忍,忍受
put on 穿上
put away 把……收好,放好
put off 推迟,拖延
put down (= write down) 记下,写下,记录下
put forward 提出
mistake n. 错误,失误(可数名词)
mistake做名词可以表示“(言语或行为上的)错误,失误”
例:You must try to learn from your mistakes. 你得从所犯错误中吸取教训。
a great/serious/terrible mistake 大错;严重错误
mistake做名词还可以表示“(用词或数字等上的)错误,口误,笔误”
例:Her essay is full of spelling mistakes. 她的文章到处都是拼写错误。
近义词:error
mistake还可以做动词,表示“误会;误解;看错”
过去式:mistook 过去分词:mistaken
例:I admit that I mistook his intentions. 我承认我误解了他的意图。
fill vt.使充满
课文例句:
Another time, he wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall, but he hit a pipe and filled the room with water.
还有一次,他想要在房间墙上贴一张图片,但他敲裂了水管,房间里都是水。
知识点
fill做动词可以表示“(使)充满,装满,注满,填满”
例:Her eyes suddenly filled with tears. 她的眼里突然噙满了泪水。
fill做动词还可以表示“使充满(感情)”
例:We were all filled with admiration for his achievements.
我们都十分佩服他的成就。
fill做动词还可以表示“打发;消磨”
例:How do you fill your day now that you've retired
现在你已退休了,怎样打发你的日子?
fill做动词还可以表示“(使)吃饱”
例:The kids filled themselves with snacks. 孩子们吃零食吃饱了。
词组积累:be filled with...=be full of... 充满......
not only...but (also) 不仅...而且...;...和...都
课文例句:
Now the living room has not only blue walls but also a blue ceiling and floor.
现在客厅不仅有蓝色的墙,还有蓝色的天花板和地板。
知识点
★①not only ...but also用来连接两个对等的成分。若连接两个成分做主语时,其后谓语动词的人称和数与靠近的主语保持一致,即就近原则:
例:She was not only intelligent but also very musical.
她不仅聪明,而且极具音乐天分。
He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.
他不但读了这本书,而且记得所读的内容。
★②not only…but also…中的also通常可以省略,或换成too, as well(要置于句末):
例:He not only washed the car, but polished it too (as well).
他不仅冲洗汽车,而且还擦拭了它。
★③为了强调,可将not only置于句首,此时其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式:
例:Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water.
他们不但需要衣服,而且还缺水。
advise vt&vi. 建议,忠告,劝告
课文例句:
I bought some books about DIY for him and I also advised him to take a course in DIY.
我为他买了一些关于DIY的书,并且建议他去参加一些关于DIY的课程。
知识点
advise做动词可以表示“劝告;忠告;建议”
advise sb against sth/against doing sth
例:I would strongly advise against going out on your own.
我要极力奉劝你别单独外出。
It is strongly advised that you take out insurance.
奉劝你务必办理保险。近义词:precisely
advise做动词还可以表示“出主意;提出建议;提供咨询”
advise sb on sth; advise sb about sth/about doing sth
例:She advises the government on environmental issues.
她是政府的环境问题顾问。
[拓展]
建议某人不要做某事 advise sb (not) to do sth
advice n.(不可数)建议,忠告,劝告
course n. 课程;过程
知识点
course做名词可以表示“(有关某学科的系列)课程,讲座”
course in/on sth 关于...的课程
例:take/do a course in art and design攻读美术与设计课程
course做名词还可以表示“行动方式;处理方法”
例:What course of action would you recommend 你想推荐什么办法呢?
course做名词还可以表示“进展;进程”
例:an event that changed the course of history 改变了历史进程的事件
[拓展]
in course of sth在…的过程中
例:The new textbook is in course of preparation. 新的教科书正在准备之中。
take/attend different courses 学习不同的课程
already adv. 已经
课文例句:
But this just made him angry--he says he already knows everything about it.
但这只会让他生气——他说他已经知道了关于DIY的一切。
attend vt&vi. 经常去;出席
课文例句:
So instead, I am reading all the books myself and attending lessons every Saturday.
反而,我现在自己阅读这些书,并且每周六参加课程。
知识点
attend做动词可以表示“出席;参加”
例:attend a wedding/funeral 参加婚礼/葬礼
attend做动词还可以表示“经常去,定期去(某处)”
例:Our children attend the same school. 我们的孩子上同一所学校。
attend做动词还可以表示“注意;专心”
例:She hadn't been attending during the lesson. 上课时她一直不专心。
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