资源简介 Lesson 1 Excuse me!词汇excuse v. 原谅me pron. 我(宾格)yes adv. 是的is v. be动词现在时第三人称单数this pron. 这your possessive adjective 你的,你们的handbag n.(女用)手提包pardon int. 原谅,请再说一遍it pron. 它thank you 感谢你(们)very much 非常地 ★Excuse me.1、引起对方注意时2、常用于与陌生人搭话,打断别人的说话或从别人身边挤过,或在某个聚会中突然中途要离开一会儿时Excuse us for a moment. 对不起,让我们单独聊会。sorry 对不起,用于对别人有伤害时★me pron. 我(宾格)人称代词:主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词I me my minehe him his hisshe her her hersit it its itsyou you your yours主格:用在句首,作主语宾格:在动词、介词之后形容词性的物主代词:不能单独使用名词性物主代词:只能单独使用 ★is v. be动词现在时第三人称单数be动词:am、is、areI amshe/ he/ it isyou/ we/ they are★pardon int. 原谅,请再说一遍Pardon / I beg your pardon. 请求对方把刚才讲过的话重复一遍。语法含有be动词的陈述句、否定句和一般疑问句含有be动词的任何句子,否定句就是在be动词后面加not;如果变一般疑问句,就把be动词提前到句子的前面。课文Excuse me.Yes Is this your handbag Pardon Is this your handbag Yes, it is.Thank you very much.Lesson 2 Is this your… 词汇pen n.钢笔pencil n.铅笔book n.书watch n.手表coat n.上衣,外衣dress n.连衣裙skirt n.裙子shirt n.衬衣car n.小汽车house n.房子★dress① n. 连衣裙;套裙② n. 服装,衣服casual dress 便服evening dress 晚礼服★house n.房子house 房子,一般指独立的院落,更具体的指房子的建筑,结构family 侧重家庭的成员There are four people in my family. 在我家里有四口人。home 抽象的家的概念home road 《我的父亲母亲》Lesson 3 Sorry, sir.词汇umbrella n.伞please int.请here adv.这里my possessive adjective 我的ticket n.票number n.号码five num.五sorry adj.对不起的sir n.先生cloakroom n.衣帽存放处 ★here adv.这里地点副词:(在英语中,时间副词、地点副词的前面不能加介词)here 这里 there 那儿home 家(副词,名词) abroad 国外downstairs 楼底下 upstairs 楼上downtown 市中心★five num.五one,two,three,four,five,sir,seven,eight,nine,ten★sir n.先生① 对不相识的男子、年长者或上级的尊称What can I do for you, sir 先生,您要买什么?② sir通常用于正式信函开头的称呼:Dear Sir③ Sir可用于有爵士称号者的名字或姓名前,但不用于姓氏前。madam:女士,夫人Mr.:先生Mrs.:夫人(已婚的)Miss:小姐,一般用于指末婚女子,不过在不知道对方是否已婚时也可使用(两种发音:[mis] 已婚未婚均可;[miz]即不愿意被称为已婚,又不愿意被称为未婚)mister:加在男性的姓氏前面gentleman 绅士,对男性比较有礼貌的称呼,在公众场合最得体的称呼lady 女士ladies and gentlemenLady first.guy 在美国英语中对男性一种不正式的称呼,家伙boy 在美语中不正式的称呼 girl 女孩male 男性 female 女性man 男人 woman 妇女语法祈使句:祈使句:主语通常不直接表示出来,其谓语动词用原型,也叫无主句。表示命令、请求、建议、叮嘱等。祈使句真正的主语是你,但省略了。My umbrella and my coat please. 省略了动词和间接宾语的祈使句。Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草地!Help yourself! 请自己动手!某些祈使动词可以后跟and和另一个祈使动词,而不是后跟带to的动词不定式结构。Come and see this goldfish.Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.去给自己买双新鞋吧。Wait and see. 等着瞧吧。倒装句:here is 是简单的倒装句,be 动词放在 here 的后面,这个句式就可以成为简单的倒装句式。My ticket is here. 我的票在这。Here is my ticket. / Here's my ticket.课文My coat and my umbrella please.Here is my ticket.Thank you, sir.Number five.Here's your umbrella and your coat.This is not my umbrella.Sorry, sir.Is this your umbrella No, it isn't.Is this it Yes, it is.Thank you very much.Lesson 4 Is this your… 词汇suit n.一套衣服school n.学校teacher n.老师son n.儿子daughter n.女儿Lesson 5 Nice to meet you.词汇Mr. 先生good adj.好morning n.早晨Miss 小姐new adj.新的student n.学生French adj.&n.法国人German adj.&n.德国人nice adj.美好的meet v.遇见Japanese adj.&n.日本人Korean adj.&n.韩国人Chinese adj&n.中国人too adv.也★nice adj.美好的① adj. 美好的,好看的It’s a nice day today, isn’t it ② adj. 和蔼的,友好的He is very nice to his neighbours.③ adj. 使人高兴的,令人愉快的It is so nice to have you here.语法冠词:冠词数量上表示“一个”。冠词一共有三个,分为不定冠词和定冠词。1、a, an 是不定冠词:可数名词单数前面必须要用不定冠词a 用在以辅音音素开头的名词前面, an 用于以元音音素(元音发音的单词)开头的名词前面a pen an apple an umbrella an egg an hour a university2、the 是定冠词,表示特指,有两种发音:[ ]、[ ],以元音发音开头的单词前面读[ ]。当想使听话者特别注意the后面的名词时,the就读为[ ],意思是“这一个而且只是这一个”或“主要是这一个”。定冠词的用法:① 特指名词(即以说话人或听话人已知的人或物为前提)时,用theThere is an apple on the desk. The apple is mine.Well, there is a girl in front of the classroom. The girl is my sister.② 在专有特殊名词时,用thethe Great Wall,the Summer Palace,the Forbidden City(紫禁城),the sun③ 在国家前不用冠词,特例国家除外the United States of America课文MR. BLAKE: Good morning.STUDENTS: Good morning, Mr. Blake.MR. BLAKE: This is Miss Sophie Dupont.Sophie is a new student. She is French.MR. BLAKE: Sophie, this is Hans. He is German.HANS: Nice to meet you.MR. BLAKE: And this is Naoko. She's Japanese.NAOKO: Nice to meet you.MR. BLAKE: And this is Chang-woo. He's Korean.CHANG-WOO: Nice to meet you.MR. BLAKE: And this is Luming. He is Chinese.LUMNG: Nice to meet you.MR. BLAKE: And this is Xiaohui. She's Chinese, too.XIAOHUI: Nice to meet you.课文注释1、英语国家中的姓名通常由三部分组成:名+中间名+姓。一般不用中间姓,在熟人之间以名相称,正式场合用Mr.、Mrs.、Miss(小姐)或Ms.(女士)加姓相称。2、Nice to meet you.用于初次与同学、朋友见面等非正式的场合,一般回答Nice to meet you, too.正式场合常用How do you do 回答也是How do you do Lesson 6 What make is it 词汇make n.(产品)牌号Swedish adj.瑞典的English adj.英国的American adj.美国的Italian adj.意大利的Volvo [ ] n.沃尔沃(Swedish)Peugeot n.标致(French)Mercedes [ ] n.梅赛德斯(German)Toyota n.丰田(Japanese)Daewoo n.大宇(Korean)Mini n.迷你(English)Ford n.福特(American)Fiat [ ] n.菲亚特(Italian)★make n.(产品的)牌子;类型,型号;式样What make is your watch Her dress is of Italian make. 她的连衣裙是意大利式的★English adj. 英国(人)的;英格兰(人)的;英国化的John is very English. 约翰生活行事非常英国化。语法选择疑问句:选择疑问句:在两者或三者中进行选择,用特殊颖问词or进行连接。选择疑问句词调一般是前升后降,选择疑问句的回答必须要用完整的句子回答。Is she a Chinese teacher or a Japanese teacher She isn't a Chinese teacher. She's a Japanese teacher.Lesson 7 Are you a teacher 词汇I pron. 我am v. be动词现在时的第一人称单数are v. be动词现在时复数name n. 名字what adj.& pron. 什么nationality n. 国籍job n. 工作keyboard n. 电脑键盘operator n. 操作人员engineer n. 工程师★nationality n. 国籍nation n. 国家national adj. 国家的,民族的nationality n. 国籍person n. 人personal adj. 个人的personality n. 人品人格★job n. 工作① n. 职业,工作,有报酬的工作,既可以是体力的,也可以是脑力的What is your job ② n. (一件)工作,话计The whole job takes about 40 minutes.③ n. 职责It’s your job to be on time.work n. 工作,广义的概念,泛指的劳动working class 工人阶级 ★keyboard n. 电脑键盘key n. 钥匙board n. 木板blackboard n. 黑板★operator n. 操作人员-or 字母组合,表示某种人 actor n. 男演员语法特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句特殊疑问词:what、where 、who 、when、which、why 、whom、how、how many、how much、how long、how far、how often、how soonwhat可以用来询问名字、国籍、工作、颜色、型号等:What make is it 它是什么牌子?What color is it 它是什么颜色的?What nationality…?What time is it What size is this skirt 一般疑问句:Be动词+…Do/Does/Did+…Have/Has/Had+…Can及情态动词(must、need、may…)1、所有一般疑问句必须要用升调来读2、一般疑问句可以用简单的Yes/No来回答3、所有一般疑问句用什么来问的就用什么来答课文ROBERT: I am a new student.My name's Robert.SOPHIE: Nice to meet you. My name's Sophie.ROBERT: Are you French SOPHIE: Yes, I am.Are you French, too ROBERT: No, I am not.SOPHIE: What nationality are you ROBERT: I'm Italian.Are you a teacher SOPHIE: No, I'm not.ROBERT: What's your job SOPHIE: I'm a keyboard operator.What's your job ROBERT: I'm an engineer.课文注解1、Are you French, too too和either两个词都表示“也”的意思,too用于肯定句和疑问句中,either仅限用于否定句中。too和either一般放在句末,且前面通常用逗号隔开。2、What nationality are you 用于询问对方国藉,相当于Where are you from 或Where do you come from 3、What’s your job 询问对方从事何种职业也可以说:What do you do Lesson 8 What's your job 词汇policeman n. 警察policewoman n.女警察taxi driver n. 出租汽车司机air hostess n. 空中小姐postman n. 邮递员nurse n. 护士mechanic n. 机械师hairdresser n. 理发师housewife n. 家庭妇女milkman n. 送牛奶的人★nurse n. 护士① n. 护士;照料者② v. 照料;照看All her time goes into nursing her child.她把全部时间都花于照看自己的孩子上了。③ v. 养护;培养nurse a young tree 养护树苗nurse an author of promise 培养有前途的作家Lesson 9 How are you today 词汇hello int. 喂(表示问候)hi int. 喂,嗨how adv. 怎样today adv. 今天well adj. 身体好fine adj. 美好的thanks int. 谢谢goodbye int. 再见see v. 见★how adv. 怎样How about that 怎么会这样?那一个怎么样?How come =Why 为什么?How goes it = How is it going 事情进展如何?★fine adj. 美好的① 健康的;舒适的② 极好的,优秀的a fine view 美好的景色③ 优雅的,雅致的He is a man with fine manners. 他是一个举止优雅的男人。★see v. 见see 表示看见的结果look 表示看的动作look at sth. look out of the window look into my eyeswatch 观看移动的一些东西 watch TV[语法]How … 的一些社交上的用法:1、用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况:How are you /How have you been 你一向可好?2、How do you do 是正式介绍中的一句套话,从不用来询问健康。3、How经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里:How’s life 生活如何?How are things 情况怎样?How’s work 工作怎么样?形容词的意义与作用:1、形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等,说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。2、许多形容词可用以回答What’s…like?这样的问题,并可根据上下文给出笼统或确切的信息。What’s Tom like He’s very fat.3、英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前。[课文]STEVEN: Hello, Helen.HELEN: Hi, Steven.STEVEN: How are you today HELEN: I'm very well, thank you. And you STEVEN: I'm fine, thanks.How is Tony HELEN: He's fine, thanks.How's Emma STEVEN: She's very well, too, Helen.Goodbye, Helen. Nice to see you.HELEN: Nice to see you, too, Steven.Goodbye.Lesson 10 Look at…词汇(13)fat adj. 胖的woman n. 女人thin adj. 瘦的tall adj. 高的short adj. 矮的dirty adj. 脏的clean adj. 干净的hot adj. 热的cold adj. 冷的old adj. 老的young adj. 年轻的busy adj. 忙的lazy adj. 懒的★look① 看,瞧,观,望Look carefully before you cross the street.过马路前要仔细看清来往车辆。②面向,朝向The room looks on the sea. 房间面向大海。Two windows look to the south. 两扇窗子朝南。Lesson 11 Is this your shirt 词汇(5)whose pron. 谁的blue adj. 蓝色的perhaps adv. 大概white adj. 白色的catch v. 抓住★whose pron. 谁的whose(特殊疑问词):用于询问所有关系。对形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、名词所有格的两种情况(形容词性和名词性)进行提问。★blue adj. 蓝色的① 蓝色的,蔚蓝的② 沮丧的,忧郁的His mood is blue. 他的情绪低落。He looks a bit blue. 他看上去有点儿忧郁。★catch v. 抓住① v. 接住,拦住② v. 逮住,捕获 catch a thief③ v. 染上(疾病)I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。[语法]所有格形容词和所有格代词:所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有,即某人或某物属于某一个人,回答以whose引导的问句。所有格形容词my、your等是限定词,必须始终放在名词之前,只能作定语,它们的形式取决于所有者,而不是被拥有的东西。所有格代词mine、yours等不能用在名词前,并且在说话时要加重语气,它们指人或物,单数或复数都一样,在句中作主语、宾语、表语用。I have my way, and she has hers.名词所有格:名词所有格与名词有关(与所有格形容词和所有格代词有关),名词+’s:表示……的,如:Tim's、Jones'、boss's。名词所有格有两种属性:形容词性、名词性This is Tim's shirt. (形容词性)This shirt is Tim's. (名词性)[课文]TEACHER: Whose shirt is that Is this your shirt, Dave DAVE: No. Sir. It's not my shirt.This is my shirt. My shirt's blue.TEACHER: Is this shirt Tim's DAVE: Perhaps it is, sir. Tim's shirt's white.TEACHER: Tim!TIM: Yes, sir TEACHER: Is this your shirt TIM: Yes, sir.TEACHER: Here you are. Catch!TIM: Thank you, sir.[课文注解]Here you are. 给你这是给对方东西时的用语,也可用Here it is.或Here they are.(指复数的物)。句中的are和is一般应重读。Lesson 12Whose is this… This is my/your/his/her…Whose is that… That is my/your/his/her… 词汇(8)father n. 父亲mother n. 母亲blouse n. 女衬衫sister n. 姐,妹tie n. 领带brother n. 兄,弟his possessive adjective. 他的her possessive adjective. 她的Lesson 13 A new dress 词汇(8)colour n. 颜色=color(美)green adj. 绿色come v. 来upstairs adj. 楼上smart adj. 时髦的,巧妙的hat n. 帽子same adj. 相同的lovely adj. 可爱的★colour n. 颜色=color(美)what colour is… What make is … 什么车牌?★come v. 来come on:快点来;拜托,得了吧;过来Come on. I’m not 18 years old again. 拜托,得了吧。go:去,加油★smart adj. 时髦的,巧妙的① 漂亮的,时髦的,巧妙的You look smart in that new dress.② 聪明的,伶俐的,精明的He is a smart businessman.[课文]LOUISE: What colour's your new dress ANNA: It's green.Come upstairs and see it.LOUISE: Thank you.ANNA: Look! Here it is!LOUISE: That's a nice dress.It's very smart.ANNA: My hat's new, too.LOUISE: What colour is it ANNA: It's the same colour.It's green, too.LOUISE: That is a lovely hat! [课文注释]It’s the same colour. 一样的颜色。same通常与定冠词the连用,表示“同一的”、“相同的”two boys of the same age 两个同龄的男孩子Lesson 14 What colour's your… 词汇(3)case n. 箱子carpet n. 地毯dog n. 狗Lesson 15 Your passport, please. 词汇(9)customs n. 海关officer n. 官员girl n. 女孩,姑娘Danish adj.& n. 丹麦人friend n. 朋友Norwegian adj.& n. 挪威人passport n. 护照brown adj. 棕色的tourist [ ] n. 旅游者 ★customs n. 海关customs,Customs n. [复]海关;征收关税的程序The spy was stopped at the Customs and questioned.那个间谍在海关被截住并被加以盘问。custom n. 风俗,习惯When risiting a foreign country, we might find the country’s customs strange to us.It is his custom to go for a walk in the evening.★friend n. 朋友friend:朋友(正式)pal:好友,伙伴(随意)buddy:伙伴,朋友(随意)friendship:友谊A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真朋友。★tourist n. 旅游者tour n. 观光,旅游tour guide 导游travel n. 旅行(泛指)traveler n. 旅行者trip v.&n. 旅行(短途)[语法]名词:名词有五种:1、普通名词(可数名词):a pen、a book2、物质名词(不可数名词):water、milk3、专有名词:Mt. Tai(泰山)、the Great Wall(长城)、Summer Palace(颐和园)4、集体名词:police、people、family5、抽象名词:beauty、wisdom可数名词单数变复数的规则:1、普通的名词后边直接加 sa book/ two books加 -s 后的读音 [ ] [ ] [ ]2、以辅音字母加 y 结尾的单词要把 y 变 i 加 esbaby -> babies3、以 -ch -sh -x -s -z 结尾的单词要加 -es 读音为[ ]4、以 f 或 fe 结尾的单词要变为 vesknife -> knives wife -> wives5、辅音字母加 o 结尾的单词要加 espotato -> potatoes zoo -> zoos元音字母加 o 结尾的单词要加 s6、英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的man——men woman——womenmilkman——milkmen policewoman——policewomen[课文]CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you Swedish GIRLS: No, we are not. We are Danish.CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are your friends Danish, too GIRLS: No, they aren't.They are Norwegian.CUSTOMS OFFICER: Your passports, please.GIRLS: Here they are.CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are these your cases GIRLS: No, they aren't.Our cases are brown.Here they are.CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you tourists GIRLS: Yes, we are.CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are your friends tourists too GIRLS: Yes, they are.CUSTOMS OFFICER: That's fine.GIRLS: Thank you very much.Lesson 16 Are you… 词汇(8)Russian adj.&n. 俄罗斯人Dutch adj.&n. 荷兰人these pron. 这些(复数)red adj. 红色的grey adj. 灰色的yellow adj. 黄色的black adj.黑色的orange adj. 橘黄色的★grey adj. 灰色的① 灰色的,偏灰的② 头发灰白的Her hair is grey.③ 面色苍白的Tony looks grey and tired. 托尼面色苍白,显得疲惫。[语法] 名词复数-s或-es的发音规则:① 如果名词词尾的发音是一个清辅音([s]、[ ]、[ ]除外),-s发[s]的音如:books [buks] suits[su:ts]② 如果名词词尾的发音是一个浊辅音([z]、[ ]、[ ]除外)或元音,-s发[z]的音,③ 如果名词词尾的发音是[s]、[z]、[ ]、[ ]、[ ]、[ ],-s发 [iz]的音Lesson 17 How do you do 词汇(6)employee n. 雇员hard-working adj. 勤奋的sales reps 推销员=sales representativesman n. 男人office n. 办公室assistant n. 助手 ★employee n. 雇员一个动词后有 -ee,是被这个动作影响的人;一个动词后有 -er,是做出这个动作的人。V+-ee 被……的人V+er 发出……的人employ v. 雇拥I need to employ some people to help me do this work.employee n. 雇员employer n. 雇主employment n. 工作-ment 名词后缀train v. 训练trainee n. 被训练的人trainer n. 训练者★hard-working adj. 勤奋的hard adj&adv. 艰苦的,坚硬的,努力地work n&v. 工作hard-working adj. 勤奋的Lucy is a hard-working employee.They are hard-working.hard-work n. 艰苦的工作This is a hard-work.work hard 努力地工作★assistant n. 助手office assistant 指办公室干杂务的工作人员assist v. 援助[课文]MR. JACKSON: Come and meet our employees, Mr. Richards.MR. RICHARDS: Thank you, Mr. Jackson.MR. JACKSON: This is Nicola Grey, and this is Claire Taylor.MR. RICHARDS: How do you do Those women are very hard-working.What are their jobs MR. JACKSON: They're keyboard operators.This is Michael Baker, and this is Jeremy Short.MR. RICHARDS: How do you do They aren't very busy!What are their jobs MR. JACKSON: They're sales reps.They're very lazy.MR. RICHARDS: Who is this young man MR. JACKSON: This is Jim.He's our office assistant.Lesson 18 What are their jobs twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninetyone/a hundred one/a thousand百位和十位之间用and连接。1万=10千101:one hundred and one1564:one thousand five hundred and sixty four9059:nine thousand and fifty nine63,152:sixty three thousand one hundred and fifty two331,278:three hundred and thirty one thousand two hundred and seventy eightLesson 19 Tired and thirty 词汇(9)matter n. 事情children n. 孩子们 (child 的复数)tired adj. 累,疲乏boy n. 男孩thirsty adj. 渴Mum n. 妈妈sit down 坐下right adj. 好,可以ice cream 冰淇淋(有时可数,有时不可数)★matter n. 事情① n. 事情,事件It’s a private matter.He’s not very interested in financial matters.② n. 麻烦事,困难What's the matter =Tell me what’s wrong =What’s wrong What’s the matter with+sb.What's the matter with the children It doesn't matter. 没关系It matters. 有关系Does it matter 有关系吗?可以吗?★thirsty adj. 渴① adj. 渴的,口干的② adj. (工地等)干旱的a dry and thirsty land 干旱的土地③ adj. 渴望的,渴求的(for / after)The students there are thirsty for knowledge.那里的学生有强烈的求知欲。[语法]There be 句型there be 句型:表示某处有某物there is + 可数名词的单数/不可数名词There is a pen, two books and a knife on the desk.课桌上有一枝钢笔、两本书和一把小刀。(第一个并列名词是单数,所以用is)there are + 可数名词的复数形式常见方位介词:in、on、over、underon:在…上面,接触物体表面over:越过,垂直上方,不接触表面in:在…里面,物体里面to:往,向,表示去向方向into:进入…里面,从外到里进入的过程out of:在…外,从里面出来across:横穿[在物体表面横穿],从平面穿过through:从里面(中间)穿过under:在……下面beside:在……旁边near:在……附近between:在……两者之间among 在…中间(两者以上)over:从斜面穿过介词用法:跟在be动词之后跟在一些不及物动词之后[课文]MOTHER: What's the matter, children GIRL: We're tired …BOY: … and thirsty, Mum.MOTHER: Sit down here.Are you all right now BOY: No, we aren't.MOTHER: Look!There's an ice cream man.MOTHER: Two ice cream please.Here you are, children.CHILDREN: Thanks, Mum.GIRL: These ice creams are nice.MOTHER: Are you all right now CHILDREN: Yes, we are, thank you! Lesson 20 Look at them! 词汇(10)big adj. 大的small adj. 小的open adj. 开着的shut adj. 关着的light adj. 轻的heavy adj. 重的long adj. 长的shoe n. 鞋子grandfather n. 祖父grandmother n. 祖母 Lesson 21 Which book 词汇(3)give v. 给one pron. 一个which 哪一个 [语法]动词的双宾语:buy me a book=buy a book for meGive me a book.=Give a book to me.双宾语中通常物是直接宾语,人是间接宾语[课文]MAN: Give me a book please, Jane.WOMAN: Which book This one MAN: No, not that one.The red one.WOMAN: This one MAN: Yes, please.WOMAN: Here you are.MAN: Thank you. Lesson 22 Give me/him/her/us/them a …Which one 词汇(14)empty adj. 空的full adj. 满的large adj. 大的little adj. 小的sharp adj. 尖的,锋利的blunt adj. 钝的box (boxes) n. 盒子,箱子glass (glasses) n. 杯子cup (cups) n. 茶杯bottle (bottles) n. 瓶子tin (tins) n. 罐头knife (knives) n. 刀子fork (forks) n. 叉子spoon (spoons) n. 勺子★large adj. 大的★big adj. 大的large仅指物理量值的大,主要指体积、面积、形状、数量方面的大,修饰人时指个子大。small的反义词。Look at that large woman in white.big所表示的大,主要指不仅体积大而且很重,在修饰人时,主要指大人物,但个子未必高大。She’s very big in the filmdom.她在电影界中是个响当当的人物。(指不仅成功,而且具有很大的影响力)★little adj. 小的★small adj. 小的small指物理量值的小或少,是large的反义词,不带什么感彩。I want the small one with the yellow handle.little也表示小或少,但有小而可爱的感彩,是big的反义词。She has the sweetest little smiles.★glass n. 杯子① n. 玻璃杯或有脚的玻璃杯② n. 杯中物,酒He has had a glass too much. 他多喝了一杯(喝醉了)。I’d like to enjoy a glass now and then. 我喜欢不时喝点酒。★cup n. 杯子① n. 杯子(一般带柄,用于盛热饮或咖啡)I have a beautiful set of tea cups.② n. 一杯饮料,一杯咖啡You can get a good cup at Lucy’s Café.Lesson 23 Which glasses 词汇(2)on prep. 在……之上shelf n. 架子,搁板 on the shelf[语法]定语:定语:是修饰限定的成份,做定语的词一般是形容词,但也可用介词短语或定语从句做定语。介词短语做后置定语:a book on the desk定语从句:This is the boy I saw yesterday.在英语中,形容词修饰名词时,修饰成份放在名词前面,但由一个介词短语或句子修饰名词时,这个修饰成份应放在名词的后面。[课文]MAN: Give me some glasses please, Jane.WOMAN: Which glasses These glasses MAN: No, not those.The ones on the shelf.WOMAN: These MAN: Yes, please.WOMAN: Here you are.MAN: Thanks. Lesson 24 Give me/him/her/us/them some…词汇(12)desk n. 课桌table n. 桌子plate n. 盘子cupboard n. 食橱cigarette n. 香烟television n. 电视机floor n. 地板 on the floordressing table n. 梳妆台magazine n. 杂志bed n. 床newspaper n. 报纸stereo n. 立体声音响 ★desk n. 课桌★table n. 桌子desk通常指有抽屉的桌子,用于办公、读书、写字等,即“书桌”、“写字台”、“办公桌”He is working at his desk. 他正在自己的书桌前用功。table通常指由若干条腿支撑着的平板,没有抽屉,即“餐桌”、“会议桌”、“工作台”、“手术台”等。I’ve booked a table for two at 7.00.They sat round the talbe and made this big decision.他们围坐在会议桌旁,作出了这个重大的决定。Lesson 25 Mrs. Smith's Kitchen 词汇(10)Mrs. 夫人kitchen n. 厨房refrigerator n. 电冰箱right n. 右边electric adj. 带电的,可通电的left n. 左边cooker n. 炉子,炊具middle n. 中间of prep.(属于)……的room n. 房间 ★cooker n. 炉子,炊具在英文中炊事员用cook。[课文]Mrs. Smith's kitchen is small.There is a refrigerator in the kitchen.The refrigerator is white.It is on the right.There is an electric cooker in the kitchen.The cooker is blue.It is on the left.There is a table in the middle of the room.There is a bottle on the table.The bottle is empty.There is a cup on the table, too.The cup is clean. Lesson 26 Where is it 词汇(2)where adv. 在哪里in prep. 在…里Lesson 27 Mrs. Smith's living room 词汇(7)living room 客厅near prep. 靠近widow n. 窗户armchair n. 扶手椅door n. 门 near the doorpicture n. 图画wall n. 墙 on the wall ★living room 客厅living 生活★near prep. 靠近① adj. 靠近的,接近的② adj. 关系接近的,亲近的She is near frined of mine.My uncle is nearest relation.③ adj. 近似的,几乎的The picture may not be an exact replica but its pretty near.这幅画也许不是一模一样的复制品,但是已酷似原作了。★widow n. 窗户win 赢wind 吹风★armchair n. 扶手椅chairman 主席president n. 总统[语法]some, any 一些:some 和 any 跟可数名词的复数或者是不可数名词;some表示“某些但不是全部”,通常用于肯定句中,在表示征求对方意见,并且希望得到肯定的答复时也可以用于疑问句。Have you got some paper-clips in that box (回形针)Would you like something to drink 你想喝点什么吗?any表示不确定的数量,通常用在含有not或-n’t的否定句中,也用于表示不确定答案是肯定还是否定,或用于预料得到的回答是No的疑问句。[课文]Mrs. Smith's living room is large.There is a television in the room.The television is near the window.There are some magazines on the television.There is a table in the room.There are some newspapers on the table.There are some armchairs in the room.The armchairs are near the table.There is a stereo in the room.The stereo is near the door.There are some books on the stereo.There are some pictures in the room.The pictures are on the wall.Lesson 28 Where are they 词汇(1)trousers n. 长裤Lesson 29 Come in, Amy 词汇(11)shut v. 关门bedroom n. 卧室untidy adj. 乱,不整齐must modal verb 必须,应该open v. 打开air v. 使 … 通风,换换空气put v. 放置clothes n. 衣服wardrobe [ ] n. 大衣柜dust v. 掸掉灰尘土sweep v. 扫★untidy adj. 乱,不整齐un-前缀,表示否定;tity adj. 整齐的,干净的happy——unhappy 不幸福的lucky——unlucky 不幸的known——unknown 未知的★air v. 使 … 通风,换换空气① n. 空气,新鲜空气Let’s go out and breathe some fresh air.② n. 空中,空间He likes to stay in the open air. 他喜欢在户外呆着。③ v. 晾(衣服、被褥等);使通风Leave the trousers on the washing-line to air.把裤子挂到晾衣绳上去晾干。★dust v. 掸掉灰尘土★sweep v. 用笤帚扫地dust ① v. 掸掉……上的灰尘;② n. 灰尘clear adj. 清晰的 v. 清除clean adj. 清洁的,干净的 v. 使……干净(不管用什么方法)cleanse v. 用水彻底把……弄干净wipe v. 用抹布去擦[语法]情态动词:1 情态动词表示人的情感、状态或情绪变化的一种助动词,它本身具有实际意义。2 情态动词不能单独做谓语,只能和后面的原形动词一起构成谓语。3 情态动词没有人称和数格的变化。4 含有情态动词的句子,否定句在它后面加not,一般疑问句把它提前。 情态动词must的用法:must是情态动词,表示“必须”、“应当”,与have to相似,表示不可逃避的义务。在说话人看来,没有选择的余地。但must带有个人色彩,表示说话人的主观意图。表示个人感情时通常用must。You must…(你必须……)表示说话人说/认为……是必要的。You must open the window.You mustn't open the window Must I open the window Yes, you must.No, you needn't. [课文]MRS. JONES: Come in, Amy.Shut the door, please.MRS. JONES: This bedroom's very untidy.AMY: What must I do, Mrs. Jones MRS. JONES: Open the window and air the room.Then put these clothes in the wardrobe.MRS. JONES: Then make the bed.MRS. JONES: Dust the dressing table.Then sweep the floor. Lesson 30 What must I do 词汇(7)empty v. 倒空,使…变空read v. 读sharpen v. 削尖,使锋利put on 穿上take off 脱掉turn on 开(电灯)turn off 关(电灯) ★empty adj. 空的① v. 使空;把……倒出(移出)They emptied the house. 他们把房屋搬空了。② v. 流出;走出The river emptied itself into the sea. 河水流入大海。It was raining, and the streets began to empty.天下起了雨,街上的行人开始稀少了。③ adj. 空的Her purse is empty. 她的钱包是空的。④ adj. 空虚的,无意义的It’s an empty dream. 这是个不现实的梦想。Officials were flattered by empty complements.官员们被空洞的恭维话弄得心里美滋滋的。⑤ adj. 呆板的,毫无表情的She looked at him with empty eyes. 她木然地看着他。He said all this in an empty voice.他用一种呆板声调说了这一切。Lesson 31 Where's Sally 词汇(10)garden n. 花园under prep. 在……这下tree n. 树climb v. 爬,攀登who pron. 谁run v. 跑grass n. 草,草地after prep. 在……之后across prep. 横过,穿过cat n. 猫 ★climb v. 爬,攀登① v. 攀登,攀爬(树、山等)② v. 逐步上升(增长)The temperature is climbing steadily. 温度正在慢慢地平稳上升。The price of gold climbed back. 金价逐渐回升了。③ v. (在社会地位等方面)往上爬He is trying hard to climb to the top of the social ladder.他正努力爬到社会的最顶层。He has climbed to a very high position in his field.他已在自己的领域中爬到了一个很高的位置。★run v. 跑① v. 跑,奔跑run across the grass:跑过草地② v. 流动;流出The current is running strong. 水流湍急。Her eyes ran with tears. 她落泪了。③ v. 追赶;追逐;追求run after:追逐Many young men are running after that girl.许多年轻人在追求那个姑娘。[语法]时态:共十六种时态,时态是通过动词变化来实现的。学习方法:1 首先了解概念2 时态——动词变化规则、时间的状态 现在进行时:1、概念①表示现在正在进行或者发生的动作或事情②表示现阶段正在进行或发生,但说话的此刻动作不一定进行③可以表示将来(多用于移动性动词,并且后面要加将来的时间)移动性动词:go /come /return /move2、结构:肯定句:S. + be + v.-ing否定句:S. + be + not + v.-ing一般疑问句:Be + S. + v.-ing 回答:Yes, S. + be/ No, S. + be + not特殊疑问句:What + be + S. + v.-ing 3、动词变化:V-ing4、时间:now[课文]JEAN: Where's Sally, Jack JACK: She's in the garden, Jean.JEAN: What's she doing JACK: She's sitting under the tree.JEAN: Is Tim in the garden, too JACK: Yes, he is.He's climbing the tree.JEAN: I beg your pardon Who's climbing the tree JACK: Tim is.JEAN: What about the dog JACK: The dog's in the garden, too.It's running across the grass.It's running after a cat. Lesson 32 What's he/she/it doing 词汇(12)type v. 打字letter n. 信basket n. 篮子eat v. 吃bone n. 骨头clean v. 清洗tooth n. (复数 teeth)牙齿cook v. 做(饭菜)milk n. 牛奶meal n. 饭,一顿饭drink v. 喝tap n. (水)龙头 ★cook v. 做(饭菜)① v. 烹调;煮,烧She cooked a lovely meal for her husband.The beef is not cooked enough. 牛肉煮得不够熟。② n. 厨子,炊事员Tom works as a cook in a local restaurant.My dad is really a good cook.Lesson 33 A fine day 词汇(15)day n.日子cloud n.云sky n. 天空 in the skysun n. 太阳shine v. 照耀 sunshinewith prep. 和……在一起family n. 家庭(成员)walk v. 走路, 步行over prep.跨越,在……之上bridge n. 桥boat n. 船river n. 河ship n. 轮船aeroplane n. 飞机fly v. 飞★day n.日子Sunday:[ ]星期天Monday:星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday:星期三Thursday:星期四Friday:星期五Saturday:星期六★with prep. 和……在一起be with:和……在一起Mrs.Liu is with those children. ★walk v. 走路, 步行walk over:走过They are walking over the bridge.on foot 步行(介词短语)They are going to school on foot.★boat n. 船★ship n. 轮船boat指河中行驶的小船,ship一般指海洋中行驶的大船。★aeroplane n. 飞机飞机正式用语:aeroplane(英语)、airplane(美语);非正式用语:plane[课文]It is a fine day today.There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is shining.Mr. Jones is with his family.They are walking over the bridge.There are some boats on the river.Mr. Jones and his wife are looking at them.Sally is looking at a big ship.The ship is going under the bridge.Tim is looking at an aeroplane.The aeroplane is flying over the river. [课文注释]Mr. Jones is with his family.句中with是介词,表示“和……一起”。family指“家里的人”或“家庭成员”。Lesson 34 What are they doing [词汇](6)sleep v. 睡觉shave v. 刮脸cry v. 哭,喊wash v. 洗wait v. 等jump v. 跳★sleep v. 睡觉① v. 睡觉I was so excited that I could hardly sleep.② n. 睡眠;睡觉He had a good sleep last night.★jump v. 跳① v. 跳跃;跃过They jumped off the wall and ran off. 他们从墙上跳下去跑掉了。② v. 略去;跳过He jumped the first grade in college.他跳过大学一年级(指跳级直接升入二年级)。③ v. 突然上升;猛增They jumped the registration fees from 20 to 50.他们把注册费从20涨到50。His company’s profits jumped surprisingly last year.他所在公司去年的利润令人惊异地飞速增加。 [语法]动词+ing的规则:1、一般的词直接加-ing:read——reading2、以-e结尾,要去掉-e,然后再加-ing:shave——shaving以-ee结尾,直接加-ing:see——seeing3、重读闭音节结尾的单词,末尾如果只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母,然后再加-ing:sit——sitting重读闭音节:一般单音节都为重读闭音节:五个元音字母在单词里,发本身的字母音是开音节,如果不是发本身的字母音就是闭音节。4、一般双音节重读音节必须在第二个音节,第二个音节里有一个元音和辅音的单词要双写,加ing。enter——entering;refer——referringLesson 35 Our village [词汇](14)photograph n. 照片village n. 村庄valley n. 山谷between prep. 在……之间hill n. 小山another det. 另一个wife n. 妻子along prep. 沿着bank n. 河岸water n. 水swim v. 游泳building n. 大楼,建筑物park n. 公园into prep.进入★photograph n. 照片I want to take a photo.picture 照片(美)take a photograph/ picture of sb. 给某人拍照“……的”用of,无生命的东西表示所属a photograph of a city/ our village★hill n. 小山hill:不高的小山丘mount:名山,山的专有名词mountain:大型的,高山range:山区,山脉,连绵起伏的群山★water n. 水(不可数名词)waters 水域★swim v. 游泳go swimming 去游泳★park n. 公园 v. 停车No parking. 不许停车[语法]短语动词:短语动词通常是指后面常跟一个介词或副词短语的动词,即动词+介词或副词小品词。英语(特别是非正式的、惯用的英语)中存在着一种用动词短语代替与其同义的单个动词的强烈趋势。最常见的短语动词是由英语中最短小和最简单的动词构成的,这些动词常与表示位置或方向的词组合,如along,down,in,off,on,out,over,under等。而且一个短语本身也可能有几种不同的意义。★go into① 走进;进入② 进入;介入They’re going into the business world. 他们正步入商界。★sit on① 坐在……上② 拖延(口语);压下They are trying to sit on the bad news as long as possible.他们正试图尽可能拖延时间不把这个坏消息讲出去。★run along① 沿着……跑The dogs are running along the river banks.② 离开;走开It’s getting dark, we must run along. 天黑了,我们得走了。[课文]This is a photograph of our village.Our village is in a valley.It is between two hills.The village is on a river.Here is another photograph of the village.My wife and I are walking along the banks of the river.We are on the left.There is a boy in the water.He is swimming across the river.Here is another photograph.This is the school building.It is beside a park.The park is on the right.Some children are coming out of the building.Some of them are going into the park. Lesson 36 Where…? [词汇](2)beside prep. 在……旁off prep. 离开 Lesson 37 Making a bookcase [词汇](8)work v. 工作hard adv. 努力地make v. 做bookcase n. 书橱,书架hammer n. 锤子paint v. 上漆,涂pink n.& adj. 粉红色favourite adj. 最喜欢的★work v. 工作① v. 工作;劳动He works 45 hours per week.② v. 从事职业He works as a bank clerk.③ v. 学习;做作业If you work hard, you’ll pass your exams.④ n. 工作;劳动;作业;职业He is without work. 他失业了。He wants to have a good sleep after a day’s work.★bookcase 书橱,书架bookshelf 书架 bookseller 书商bookshop 书店(英) bookstore 书店(美)bookmark 书签 bookworm 书虫mark:考试分数,标记paint v. 上漆,涂① v. 上漆,涂② v. (用颜料)画Who painted this picture ③ v. 描写;描绘His novel paints a peaceful picture of the country life in Europe.他的小说描绘了有关欧洲乡村生活的的宁静画面。④ n. 油漆;涂料;颜料Wet Paint! 油漆末干!I bought a box of paints. 我买了一盒颜料。painter 画家,油漆工writer 作家,抄字工painting 画picture 画片(总称)cartoon 卡通图画sketch 草图drawing 铅笔画,素描★pink n.& adj. 粉红色in the pink 健康pink-collar 粉领的,职业妇女的 white-collar 白领的blue-collar 蓝领的 golden-collar 金领pink lady 红粉佳人pink slip 解雇通知书[语法]be going to 句型含义:1、打算、准备在最近做某事(在非正式语体中,一般多用be going to,而不用will)2、表示按计划、安排要发生的事3、表示预言即将要发生某事结构:陈述句:am/is/are +going to+V原We are going to make a bookcase.She is going to cry.It is going to rain.疑问句:将助动词be提至句首变为一般疑问句。否定句:在助动词后面加上not可以变为否定句。宾语补足语:I am going to paint it pink.We call him ‘little fatty’.want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事for:为……(be for)to:(方向)去……[课文]DAN: You're working hard, George.What are you doing GEORGE: I'm making a bookcase.Give me that hammer please, Dan.DAN: Which hammer This one GEORGE: No, not that one. The big one.DAN: Here you are.GEORGE: Thanks, Dan.DAN: What are you going to do now, George GEORGE: I'm going to paint it.DAN: What colour are you going to pain it GEORGE: I'm going to paint it pink.DAN: Pink!GEORGE: This bookcase isn't for me.It's for my daughter, Susan.Pink's her favourite colour.Lesson 38 What are you going to do What are you doing now [词汇](3)homework n. 作业listen v. 听dish n. 盘子,碟子★homework n. 作业do one’s homework 做家庭作业housework 家务活do the housework 做家务活homeland 祖国 homemade 家里自制的homesick 思乡 lovesick 相思hometown 家乡★listen vi. 听(表示听的动作)listen to 听某人讲话Listen to the music!hear vt. 听见(表示结果)Can you hear me hear of 听说I have heard of this story a lot.hear from sb. 收到某人来信vt. 及物动词:后边直接跟宾语vi. 不及物动词:不可直接跟宾语,必须加了介词才可以跟宾语★dish n. 盘子,碟子a homely dish 一道家常菜plate 盘子Lesson 39 Don't drop it! [词汇](6)front n. 前面in front of 在……之前careful adj. 小心的,仔细的vase [ ] n. 花瓶drop v. 掉下flower n. 花★front n. 前面;adj. 前面的front line 前排,前线front page news 头版新闻★in front of 在……前面in front of 在……前面(不属于同一范围)There is a garden in front of the building.The vase is in front of you.in the front of 在……前部(属于同一范围)There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.★careful adj. 小心的,仔细的care n. 照料,照顾;v. 关心,顾虑,照顾take care of =look after 照顾某人You must take care of (look after) her.medical care 医疗护理special care 特殊护理skin care 皮肤护理hair and skin careI don’t care. 我不在乎Who cares 谁管他,管他呢careful adj. 仔细的careless adj. 粗心的carefully adv 仔细的Lucy is a careful girl. /Lucy is careful.Be careful! 小心点Look out! 小心,当心Mind yourself! 小心一点儿!Mind your own business. 管好你自己的事。Watch your step! 小心滑倒★drop v. 掉下① v. (失手)落下;掉下;放下She dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone.她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。② v. (使)滴下;滴水Tears dropped from her face.③ v. (使)下降;降低He dropped his voice.Yesterday the temperature dropped to 8 below zero.[语法]祈使句1、普通动词原形+其它(名词或代词)Help yourself! 请自己动手。Keep off the grass! 请勿践踏草地!2、be 动词 + 形容词Be quiet!祈使句的否定形式是在其前边加 Don't.Don't be silly!某些祈使动词可以后跟and和另一个祈使动词,而不是带to的动词不定式结构。Wait and see. 等着瞧吧。Go and buy yourself a new pair of shoes.do的用法① 助动词:to do with② 实义动词:Don't do that.[课文]SAM: What are you going to do with that vase, Penny PENNY: I'm going to put it on this table, Sam.SAM: Don't do that. Give it to me.PENNY: What are you going to do with it SAM: I'm going to put it here, in front of the window.PENNY: Be careful! Don't drop it!Don't put it there, Sam.Put it here, on this shelf.SAM: There we are!It's a lovely vase.PENNY: Those flowers are lovely, too. Lesson 40 What are you going to do I'm going to … [词汇](3)show v. 给……看send v. 送给take v. 带给 ★send v. 送给① v. 送给;寄I’ll send him a present.② v. 差遗;命(请)……去He sent his secretary for a doctor.Her mother often sends her to the store for some groceries.[语法]词组:动词+介词put on 穿上 take off 脱下动词加介词的词组,再加名词,名词可以放中间,也可以放后边;而如果是动词加代词的词组,则只能放中间。Put your coat on! = Put on your coat!Put it on!Lesson 41 Penny's bag [词汇](8)cheese n. 乳酪,干酪bread n. 面包soap n. 肥皂chocolate n. 巧克力sugar [ ] n. 糖coffee n. 咖啡tea n. 茶tobacco [ ] n. 烟草,烟丝★bar① n. 条;块He has just had a chocolate bar.② n. (门、窗的)闩;杆He is now behind bars.他现在被关在监狱里。(bar指窗上装有铁栅栏,behind bars是一种非正式固定用语,意为in prison,关在监狱里)③ n. 酒吧(间)The bar is very crowded.★pound① n. 磅;常衡磅;金衡磅It weighs 15 pounds.② n. 英磅(全称为pound sterling)Half a pound of coffee costs one pound.半磅咖啡的价格是一英镑。[课文]SAN: Is that bag heavy, Penny PENNY: Not very.SAN: Here!Put it on this chair. What's in it PENNY: A piece of cheese. A loaf of bread. A bar of soap. A bar of Chocolate.A bottle of milk. A pound of sugar. Half a pound of coffee.A quarter of pound of tea. And a tin of tobacco.SAN: Is that tin of tobacco for me PENNY: Well, it's certainly not for me! [课文注释]1、Put it on this chair. 把它放在这把椅子上。在没有扶手的椅子上用on,在有扶手的椅子上用in。2、表示数量的短语:a piece of 一张 a loaf of 一个a bar of 一条 a bottle of 一瓶a pound of 一磅 half a pound of 半磅a quarter of 四分之一 a tin of 一听Lesson 42 Is there a…in/on that… [词汇](3)bird n. 鸟any det. 一些some det. 一些Lesson 43 Hurry up! [词汇](7)of course 当然kettle n. 水壶behind prep.在……后面teapot n. 茶壶now adv. 现在,此刻find v. 找到boil v. 沸腾,开 ★of course 当然(口语)certainly 当然(口语和书面语)sure 当然(美语多用) ★find 找到(表示结果)① v. 找到;寻得It is most important to find a suitable person for the job.② v. 找出;查明Shall we ever find an answer to the tough problem 我们能找出解决这一难题的办法吗?It is found that 70% of college students have part-time jobs.已查明,有70%的大学生做兼职工作。look for 寻找的动作,不强调结果We are looking for a lost pen. But it is not sure you can find it.find out 寻找,找到,查明事情的真相、原由search 搜查,搜索discover 探索,发现(让别人重新认识)Discovery 《探索》invent 发现,发明(全新的事物)★boil v. 沸腾,开① v. 开,滚;沸腾When water boils it changes into steam. 水沸腾时会变成蒸气。② v. (海等)翻腾;汹涌The stormy sea is boiling. 暴风雨中的大海汹涌起伏。③ v. (人、感情等)激动;发怒Seeing the national flag made me boil. 看着国旗,我心潮澎湃。★make the tea 沏茶make up 编造,下定,化妆make up one’s mind 下定某人决心 make v. 做① v. 制作;创造Hollywood can make the most famous film stars in world.好莱坞可以造就世界上最著名的影星。② v. 产生,引起;导致You have made a serious mistake.Don’t make so much noise, please!③ v. 整理;料理;准备The coffee is made. 咖啡煮好了。[语法]情态动词can的用法can是情态动词,本身不表示动作,表示体力或脑力方面的能力或客观可能等。它必须与其他动词连用,本身没有人称和数格的变化。Can的否定形式为can not,cannot或can’t(省略式)。I can make the tea.I can't make the tea.Can you make the tea Yes, I can. /No, I can't.What can you/ I do [课文]PENNY: Can you make the tea, Sam SAM: Yes, of course I can, Penny.Is there any water in this kettle PENNY: Yes, there is.SAM: Where's the tea PENNY: It's over there, behind the teapot.Can you see it SAM: I can see the teapot, but I can't see the tea.PENNY: There it is!It's in front of you!SAM: Ah yes, I can see it now.Where are the cups PENNY: There are some in the cupboard.Can you find them SAM: Yes. Here they are.PENNY: Hurry up, Sam!The kettle's boiling![课文注释]The kettle’s boiling!这里的kettle=water in the kettle。用容器来指代容器内的东西是一种修辞格,叫借代(metonymy)。Lesson 45 The boss's letter [词汇](6)can modal verb 能够boss n. 老板,上司minute n. 分(钟)ask v.请求,要求handwriting n. 书写terrible adj. 糟糕的,可怕的★minute n. 分(钟)a minute/ one minute 一分钟;一会儿★terrible adj. 糟糕的,可怕的① adj. 可怕的;骇人的This is a picture of terrible new weapons.这是一张可怕的新式武器的图片。② adj. 困难的;费劲的Who can accomplish this terrible task ③ adj. 极度的;非常严重的I’ve got a terrible headache.④ adj. 糟透的(口语);很蹩脚的She is terrible at maths. 她的数学很蹩脚。[课文]THE BOSS: Can you come here a minute please, Bob BOB: Yes, sir THE BOSS: Where's Pamela BOB: She's next door.She's in her office, sir.THE BOSS: Can she type this letter for me Ask her please.BOB: Yes, sir.Can you type this letter for the boss please, Pamela PAMELA: Yes, of course I can.BOB: Here you are.PAMELA: Thank you, Bob.Bob!BOB: Yes What's the matter PAMELA: I can't type this letter.I can't read it!The boss's handwriting is terrible!Lesson 46 Can you … [词汇](3)lift v. 拿起,搬起,举起cake n. 饼,蛋糕biscuit [biskit] n. 饼干★lift v. 拿起,搬起,举起① v. 提;抬;举The elderly lady lifted her eyes from the book.那位年长的女士从书本上抬起眼睛。② v. 提高;搞高……地位This polity lifted Chinese exports of silk.这项政策提高了中国丝绸的出口量。Lesson 47 A cup of coffee [词汇](2)like v. 喜欢,想要want v. 想★like v. 喜欢,想要① v. 喜欢② v. 想要;希望有Would you like some coffee ★want v. 想① v. 想要;希望want sb. to do sth. 想某人做某事The boss wants Pamela to type a letter for him.② v. 需要My leather shoes want cleaning.我的皮鞋需要擦擦了。Those drooping flowers want water.那些正在枯萎的花朵需要水分。[语法]一般现在时概念:经常的习惯或反复的动作现在的事实或状态描述自然界的客观真理或事实在口语中可代替一般将来时结构:1、肯定句:① S + be② S + V原形③ S + V(e)s:第三人称单数I want an apple.She likes apples.2、否定句:① S +be +not② S +don’t +V③ S +doesn't +V3、一般疑问句:① Be +S +… 第一种结构变疑问句要把be动词提前② Do +S+V原+… Do you … Yes, I do. /No, I don't.③ Does +S +V原 +… Does she … Yes, she does./No, she doesn't.[课文] CHRISTINE: Do you like coffee, Ann ANN: Yes, I do.CHRISTINE: Do you want a cup ANN: Yes, please, Christine.CHRISTINE: Do you want any sugar ANN: Yes, please.CHRISTINE: Do you want any milk ANN: No, thank you.I don't like milk in my coffee.I like black coffee.CHRISTINE: Do you like biscuits ANN: Yes, I do.CHRISTINE: Do you want one ANN: Yes, please.[课文注释]I like black coffee.black coffee是指不加牛奶或咖啡伴侣的咖啡,加牛奶的咖啡叫white coffee,black tea 红茶。Lesson 48 Do you like … Do you want … [词汇](16)fresh adj. 新鲜的egg n. 鸡蛋butter n. 黄油pure adj. 纯净的honey n. 蜂蜜ripe adj. 成熟的banana n. 香蕉jam n. 果酱sweet adj. 甜的orange n. 橙Scotch whisky 苏格兰威士忌choice adj. 上等的,精选的apple n. 苹果wine n. 酒,果酒beer n. 啤酒blackboard n. 黑板 [语法]序数词1st——first 2nd——second 3rd——third4th——fourth 5th——fifth 6th——sixth7th——seventh 8th——eighth 9th——ninth10th——tenth 11th——eleventh 12th——twelfth英语中序数词必须与定冠词(the)连用。如:the 1th month,the twelfth century(12世纪)Lesson 49 At the butcher's [词汇](11)butcher[ ] n. 卖肉的meat n. 肉beef n. 牛肉lamb n. 羔羊肉husband n. 丈夫steak n. 牛排mince n. 肉馅,绞肉chicken n. 鸡tell v. 告诉truth n. 实情either adv. 也(用于否定句) ★butcher n. 卖肉的在英文表示“某一商店”的商店中,往往可以把shop省略,如课文中的the butcher’s (shop)和the greengrocer’s (shop),类似的例子还有the hairdresser’s (shop),the stationer’s (shop),the docter’s (office),my mother’s (house)等。★tell v. 告诉tell the truth 说实话tell a lie 撒谎tell a story 讲故事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事say 说话,强调说话的内容say to oneself 自言自语speak 讲话,强调说话的动作,讲某种语言speak to sb. 和某人讲话speak of sb. /sth. 谈到某人/某事Do you speak English talk 谈话,谈论某些事情talk about 谈论关于……talk of 谈到talk show 脱口秀talk to sb. 和某人谈话chat 聊天chat room 聊天室 chitchathave a chat with sb./chat with sb. 和某人聊天★truth n. 实情,事实true adj. 真实的come true 梦想成真true lie 真实的谎言★either adv. 也(用于否定句)either一般用于否定句,位于句末,前面通常有逗号。too常用于肯定句,有时也用于疑问句,但不能用于否定句。常见于句末,too前常有逗号;如果不在句末,too前后都应当有逗号。[语法]动词加 s(es) 规则1、一般动词直接加-s2、s, x, sh, ch, z 结尾的单词加 -es 变化push -> pushes pass -> passes catch -> catchesfix -> fixes buzz -> buzzes watch -> watches wash -> washes3、辅音字母加y 结尾,要变y为i加es.try -> tries worry -> worries study -> studies cry -> cries4、辅音字母+o+esdo -> does go -> goes动词不定式动词不定式不能作谓语,其它的都可作。动词不定式就是to+动词原型。to tell you the truth 告诉你实话吧(动词不定式短语)To say is one thing. To do is another. 说是一回事,做又是一回事。some、any用法:some/any +可数名词复数/不可数名词;some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句或疑问句;但在征求对方意见时希望得到对方肯定答复,some可用于疑问句I want some books.I don’t want any books.Do you want any books What about… ……怎么样?(征求对方意见)Would you like… 你愿意……吗?Would you like some bread [课文]BUTCHER: Do you want any meat today, Mrs. Bird MRS.BIRD: Yes, please.BUTCHER: Do you want beef or lamb MRS.BIRD: Beef, please.BUTCHER: This lamb's very good.MRS.BIRD: I like lamb, but my husband doesn't.BUTCHER: What about some steak This is a nice piece.MRS.BIRD: Give me that piece, please.And a pound of mince, too.BUTCHER: Do you want a chicken, Mrs. Bird They 're very nice.MRS.BIRD: No, thank you.My husband likes steak, but he doesn't like chicken.BUTCHER: To tell you the truth, Mrs. Bird, I don't like chicken either!Lesson 50 He likes …But he doesn't like [词汇](9)tomato n. 西红柿potato n. 土豆cabbage n. 卷心菜lettuce[ ] n. 莴苣pea n. 豌豆bean n. 豆角pear [ ] n. 梨grape n. 葡萄peach n. 桃Lesson 51 A pleasant climate [词汇](26)Greece n. 希腊-> Greek:希腊人climate n. 气候country n. 国家pleasant adj. 宜人的weather n. 天气spring n. 春季 [in spring]windy adj. 有风的warm adj. 温暖的rain v. 下雨sometimes adv. 有时summer n. 夏天autumn n. 秋天winter n. 冬天snow v. 下雪January n. 1月February n. 2月March n. 3月April n. 4月May n. 5月June n. 6月July n. 7月August n. 8月September n. 9月October n. 10月November n. 11月December n. 12月 ★climate n. 气候 (指某一地区数年间的天气情况)★weather n. 天气(指某个特定的时间内睛、雨、风雪变化)What’s the weather like… 天气怎么样?What’s the climate like… 气侯怎么样? ★like① vt. 喜欢,想要② prep. 象……一亲友be like 象……She is like her brother.look like 看起来象……They look like twins.The new building looks like a big bird.feel like +n.或Ving 喜欢★country n. 国家nation n. 国家,民族state n. 国家,政府,州land n. 陆地,国家(书面语) v. 登陆homeland n. 祖国,本国motherland n. 祖国★pleasant adj. 宜人的① 令人愉快的;舒适合意的This study is pleasant to work in. 在这个书房里工作令人感到舒适。② (人或其外表、举止等)讨人喜欢;(性情等)和蔼可亲的Adrew seemed very pleasant on the phone.安德鲁在电话里显得很和蔼可亲。present adj. 现在的 n. 礼物peasant=farmer n. 农民president n. 总统,会长,移民parent 父母亲中的一方★windy adj. 有风的windy joy 空欢喜joy FM. 欢乐调频Always look for the joy in life. 永远在生命中寻找快乐!★sometimes adv. 有时time 时间,次数some times 一些次数I have been there some times.sometime 某时When will you come here I’m not sure. Maybe sometime next week.Sometime I go shopping with my friends.some time 一些时间Give me some time to think it over.Have you made up your mind about this I need some time to think it over.★fall n. 秋天(美) vi. 倒下,落下legend 传奇[Legends of the Fall 秋日传奇,燃情岁月][语法]What…(be,look…) like What…like?这一句型用于询问事物的状况,如天气、气候,或询问人物或事物的外观或特征:What’s it like today What’s your house like 许多形容词可用以回答What…like?这样的问题,并可根据上下文给以笼统的或确切的信息。频率副词:often [经常]、sometimes [有时]、always [总是]、usually [通常]、never [从来不]频率副词一般放在be动词之后,行为动词之前。如果是否定句或是疑问句用在助动词和行为动词之间,为表示强调频率副词可以放在句首或者是句尾。She is often late.I often go swimming.[课文]HANS: Where do you come from DIMITRI: I come from Greece.HANS: What's the climate like in your country DIMITRI: It's very pleasant.HANS: What's the weather like in spring DIMITRI: It's often windy in March.It's always warm in April and May, but it rains sometimes.HANS: What's it like in summer DIMITRI: It's always hot in June, July and August.The sun shines every day.HANS: Is it cold or warm in autumn DIMITRI: It's always warm in September and October.It's often cold in November and it rains sometimes.HANS: Is it very cold in winter DIMITRI: It's often cold in December, January and February.It snows sometimes.[课文注释]What’s the climate like in your country What…(be/look) like 这个句型用于询问事物的状况,如天气、气候等,也可询问人物或事物的外观或特征。What’s your house like lesson 52 What nationality are they Where do they come from [词汇](11)the U.S. n. 美国 -> American:美国人Brazil n. 巴西 -> Brazilian:巴西人Holland n. 荷兰 -> Dutch:荷兰人England n. 英国 -> English:英国人France n. 法国 -> French:法国人Germany n. 德国 -> German:德国人Italy n. 意大利 -> Italian:意大利人Norway n. 挪威 -> Norwegian:挪威人Russia n. 俄罗斯 -> Russian:俄国人Spain n. 西班牙 -> Spanish:西班牙人Sweden n. 瑞典 -> Swedish:瑞典人★the U.S. n. 美国the U.S.=the Unied States of AmericaLesson 53 An interesting climate [词汇](17)mild [ ] adj. 温和的,温暖的always adv. 总是north n. 北方east n. 东方wet adj. 潮湿的west n. 西方south n. 南方season n. 季节best adv. 最night n. 夜晚rise v. 升起early adv. 早set v. (太阳)落下去late adv. 晚,迟interesting adj. 有趣的,有意思的subject n. 话题;[语法]主语;科目conversation n. 谈话★mild adj. 温和的,温暖的① adj. (天气等)温暖的;暖和的;They had an exceptionally mild winter last year.② adj. (性情等)温和的;John is a mild man who never raises his voice.③ adj. (食物等)味淡的Try this mild curry. 试试这种淡味咖喱。He likes to smoke mild cigars. 他喜欢抽淡味雪茄烟。wild adj. 野性的,野生的child n. 孩子warm adj. 暖和的,温暖的mild:(人)性格温和的(与生俱来)gentle:温和的,文雅的(后天)gentleman n. 绅士★north n. 北方in the North= in the north of England表示一个国家或地区的方位词如果单独使用一般要大写,但仅仅表示方位意义的方位词不需大写。如:a north wind、a south window等。★wet adj. 潮湿的all in wet 全身湿透了damp adj. 潮湿的moist adj. 给人湿的感觉★west n. 西方go west 去死★rise v. 升起① v. (日、月等)升起;上升The curtain rises at 8.00 p.m. 剧在晚上8点钟开演。② v. (河水、物价、温度等)上涨;升高;增加The level of the river is still rising.③ v. 起身;起床The house rose to the singers. 全场起立向歌唱演员们致意。★subject n. 话题;[语法]主语;科目How many subjects do you have in your class theme n. 论文,演讲的主题topic n. 一篇文章或对话的主题★conversation n. 谈话This is our favorite subject.This is our favorite subject of conversation.英国:大不列巅及北爱尔兰联合王国England 英格兰Scotland 苏格兰Ireland 爱尔兰Northern Ireland 北爱尔兰Wales 威尔士[课文]HANS: Where do you come from JIM: I come from England.HANS: What's the climate like in your country JIM: It's mild, but it's not always pleasant.The weather's often cold in the North and windy in the East.It's often wet in the West and sometimes warm in the South.HANS: Which seasons do you like best JIM: I like spring and summer.The days are long and the nights are short.The sun rises early and sets late.I don't like autumn and winter.The days are short and the nights are long.The sun rises late and set early.Our climate is not very good, but it's certainly interesting.It's our favourite subject of conversation. Lesson 54 What nationality are they Where do they come from [词汇](21)Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian n. 澳大利亚人Austria n. 奥地利Austrian n. 奥地利人Canada n. 加拿大Canadian n. 加拿大人China n. 中国 ChineseFinland n. 芬兰Finnish n. 芬兰人India n. 印度Indian n. 印度人Japan n. 日本 JapaneseNigeria [ ] n. 尼日利亚Nigerian n. 尼日利亚人Turkey [ ] n. 土耳其Turkish n. 土耳其人Korea n. 韩国Polish n. 波兰人Poland n. 波兰Thai n. 泰国人Thailand n. 泰国 Lesson 55 The Sawyer family [词汇](11)live v. 住,生活stay v. 呆在,停留home n. 家;adv. 到家housework n. 家务lunch n. 午饭afternoon n. 下午usually adv. 通常together adv. 一起evening n. 晚上arrive v. 到达night n. 夜间 ★live v. 住,生活① v. 居住,生活② v. 活,生存My grandmother lived until she was 94.Fish can’t live long out of water.③ v. 过生活;享受生活乐趣At 40 he was just beginning to live.他到40岁刚刚开始过上富有意义的生活。You haven’t lived till you’ve been to Paris.你没到过巴黎就算不上享受过生活。④ 靠……生活(by/on)He lives by playing the violin.He lives on the fortune left to him by his father.⑤ adj. 现场的live show 现场演出live:长期居住在 …;短期住live in 住在一个比较大的地方(国家、城市)live at 住在一个比较小的地方(区、街道)They live at Eighty-seven King Street.inhabit:世世代代居住reside[ ]:(正式用语)合法居住在 …I live in Beijing, but I really want to reside in Beijing.life n. 生活make a living 谋生What you get is a living, what you give is a life. 得到的是生存,付出的是生活。★stay v. 呆在,停留① v. 呆在,停留② v. 逗留,暂住We were staying at the same hotel.③ v. 保持,保留The house has to stay exactly at it was. 这所房子必须完全保持原来的样子。★home n. 家;adv. 到家stay at home:呆在家homework n. 家庭作业homely adj. 家常的homely dish 家常菜homeless adj. 无家可归的homelike adj. 像家的homeland n. 祖国homesick 想家homemade adj. 家里自制的hometown n. 家乡★housework n. 家务do the housework 做家务活★together adv. 一起drink tea together 一起喝茶My friends and I often drink tea together at weekend.★arrive vi. 到达① v. 到达,到来The train is expected to arrive in London at 8.20 p.m.火车预计在晚上8点20分抵达伦敦。② v. (时间等)来临,(婴儿)出生At last the day of granduation arrived. 毕业的那一天终于来临。Elizabeth’s bady arrived at midnight.伊丽莎白的婴儿是午夜时分降生的。arrive in(大地方)/arrive at(小地方)I get school very early everyday.reach vt. 到达(及物动词)reach Beijing[课文]The Sawyers live at 87 King Street.In the morning, Mr. Sawyer goes to work and the children go to school.Mrs. Sawyer stays at home every day. She does the housework.In the afternoon, she usually sees her friends. They often drink tea together.In the evening, the children come home from school. They arrive home early.Mr. Sawyer comes home from work. He arrives home late.At night, the children always do their homework. Then they go to bed. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper, but sometimes he and his wife watch television.[课文注释]1、The Sawyers live at 87 King Street.the Sawyers是指索耶一家。在英文中,姓氏后面加s,前面加定冠词the,用来指一家人,特别是丈夫和妻子。2、She always eats her lunch at noon.at noon下午,也叫middayin the morning/ afternoon/ eveningat noon/ night如果说某日夜里,则用介词onon the night of June 23、They arrive home early.在本句中home和early都是副词,下文中的home和late也是副词。Lesson 57 An unusual day [词汇](3)o'clock adv. 点钟shop n. 商店moment n. 片刻,瞬间★o'clock adv. 点钟what’s the time / What time is it 整点:It’s … o’clock.2、几点过几分:It’s 分钟 past 点钟. 或 It’s 点钟 分钟.在某个钟点的1到30分钟内,用past表示。It’s eight past three.It’s six ten.3、半点之后:It’s 分钟 to 点钟.时间是在某个钟点的31分到下一个整点,常用介词to。It’s twenty to seven.以上两种情况也可用直接读出钟点和分钟的方式来表达。4、半点:It’s half past 点钟.It’s half past ten.5、一刻钟① 几点15分:a quarter past 点钟② 几点45分:a quarter to 点钟表示在什么时间通常都需用介词at。[语法]一般现在时与现在进行时一般现在时表示一般的动作或不断重复发生的动作,表示永久的情况;现在进行时表示说话时正在发生的动作,动作还没有完成,表示暂时的情况。有些动词(如like,want,know等)不是动作动词,不能用进行时态。一般现在时表达某个习惯性动作,通常与时间频度副词连用,如usually,always,often,sometimes,never等;现在进行时表示此时此刻正在进行的动作,一般与now,at the moment,today,this afternoon,this evening,tonight等连用。 [课文]It is eight o'clock. The children go to school by car every day, but today, they are going to school on foot.It is ten o'clock. Mrs. Sawyer usually stays at home in the morning, but this morning, she is going to the shops.It is four o'clock. In the afternoon, Mrs. Sawyer usually drinks tea in the living room. But this afternoon, she is drinking tea in the garden.It is six o'clock. In the evening, the children usually do their homework, but this evening, they are not doing their homework. At the moment, they are playing in the garden.It is nine o'clock. Mr. Sawyer usually reads his newspaper at night. But he's not reading his newspaper tonight. At the moment, he's reading an interesting book.Lesson 59 Is that all [词汇](8)envelope [ ] n.信封writing paper 信纸shop assistant 售货员size n. 尺寸,尺码,大小pad n. 信笺簿 (可数)glue n. 胶水 (不可数)chalk n. 粉笔 (不可数)change n. 零钱,找给的钱★writing paper 信纸paper (论文)/ newspaper 中的 paper 是可数的writing paper 是不可数的(a piece of paper,a sheet of paper) ★size n. 尺寸,尺码,大小① n.(衣服、鞋、帽等的)尺码,号special size 特大号 large size 大号 medium size中号(均码)small size小号 pocket size 袖珍型 portable size 便携式的② n.(尺寸、体积、规模、身材等的)大小;(数量)多少There are houses of all sizes in that town.We have chosen some boys all of the same size.★glue n. 胶水 (不可数)a bottle of glue★chalk n. 粉笔 (不可数)a piece of chalka box of chalk/ a large box of chalk /small boxes★change n. 零钱,找给的钱① n. 找头;零钱I have no change about me.② n. 变化;转换Roast beef is a welcome change from the usual tasteless food.烤牛肉与平素无味的饭菜比起来实在是一种让人欣喜的变化.Let’s go to a French restaurant for a change. 咱们去家法国餐馆吧,换换口味.[语法]have/has的用法1、当 have 表示“拥有、具有”这个概念的时候,其否定形式和疑问形式各有两种。这种情况,可以在 have/has 后直接加not, 也可以象普通动词那样,借助一般现在时助动词 do/does 来表示否定和疑问。I haven't a sister. / I don't have a sister.Have you a sister / Do you have a sister have当“拥有”讲时,可用于所有一般时态,却不能用于进行时态。2、当have表示行为动作的时候,不可以在have/has后直接加not,而要借助一般现在时助动词do/does来表示否定和疑问。have作实义动词时可以用于各种时态。I have my lunch at twelve every day.I don't have my lunch at twelve every day.Do you have your lunch at twelve every day have/has 实义动词,有时可以代替一些普通动词,如吃、喝、跳、游泳等eat one's lunch/have one's lunch;take/have some medicine;have a swim;have a chat(talk/walk);have a rest;have/ take a break;have a cup of coffee;eat one's lunch/have one's lunch3、have可以作为助动词,其一,用于现在完成时。其二,没有实际意义。have/has/haven't/hasn't.I have been to H.K..She has been to U.S.A..4、have(have got)常与表示疼痛和疾病的名词连用。① 有的前面要加不定冠词,有些可加可不加不定冠词have a cold;have (a) backache/tomach ache/toothache② 复数形式的疾病名称前面不用冠,如measles(麻疹),mumps(流行性腮腺炎),shingles(带子状疱疹)Most children are in bed with mumps.③ 被认为不可数的疾病名称前面不用冠词,如flu(流行性感冒),gout(痛风),hepatitis(肝炎)I was in bed with flu for ten days.the也可以与flu,measles和mumps等词连用He’s got the flu/the measles/the mumps. [课文]LADY: I want some envelopes, please.SHOP ASSISTANT: Do you want the large size or the small size LADY: The large size, please.Do you have any writing paper SHOP ASSISTANT: Yes, we do. I don't have any small pads.I only have large one. Do you want a pad LADY: Yes, please. And I want some glue.SHOP ASSISTANT: A bottle of glue.LADY: 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览