资源简介

人与社会：急救
星期二　阅读理解＋七选五
(分值：22.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)
First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available.First aid may save a life or improve certain vital signs including pulse，temperature，a clear airway，and breathing.In minor emergencies，first aid may prevent a victim’s condition from worsening and provide relief from pain.First aid must be given as quickly as possible.In the case of seriously injured，a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.
First aid measures depend upon a victim’s needs and provider’s level of knowledge and skill.Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do.Improperly moving a person with a neck injury，for example，can lead to permanent spinal(脊柱的) injury.
Despite the variety of injuries possible，several basic rules of first aid apply to all emergencies.The first step is to call for professional medical help.The victim，if conscious(有意识的)，should be reassured that medical aid has been requested，and ask for permission to provide any first aid.Next，assess the scene，asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness.The victim should be checked for the medical card that describes special medical conditions.Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury，do not move the victim.
First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether life-threatening conditions exist.One method for assessing a victim’s condition is known by ABC，which stands for：
A—Airway: Is it open and clear
B—Breathing: Is the person breathing？Look，listen，and feel for breathing.
C—Circulation: Is there a pulse？Is the person bleeding extremely？Check skin color and temperature for additional signs of circulation problems.
1．How can first aid help victims
A. By sending them to the hospital.
B. By providing a surgery for them.
C. By avoiding their sudden illnesses or injuries.
D. By preventing their condition from worsening.
2．Which is the right order of the instructions about carrying out first aid
①Ask for the victim’s permission.
②Call for professional medical help.
③Get some details of the injury or illness.
④Take first aid measures.
⑤Make assessment of the victim.
A．②①⑤③④ B．②①③⑤④
C．①②③④⑤ D．②⑤①③④
3．What can we learn about ABC
A. It is a first aid brochure.
B. It is a kind of assessment method.
C. C stands for checking the things of victims.
D. Airway means air environment around victims.
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Various Emergencies Calling for First Aid
B．The Importance of First Aid
C．Some Basic Knowledge About First Aid
D．The History and Development of First Aid
读写积累 1．permanent adj.永久的 2．reassure v．使安心 3．life-threatening adj.危及生命的 4．circulation n．血液循环 5．apply to适用于 6．Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury，do not move the victim. 句式结构：unless引导条件状语从句。 句子翻译：除非事故现场变得不安全或受害者可能进一步受伤，否则不要移动受害者。
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
In recent years，more and more people begin to receive some first-aid training.　　1　　 Ask any individual who has taken a first-aid training program if it is worth it and their answer will be “Yes！”
Besides saving lives，it does more.It’s true that having first-aid training helps save lives.　　2　　 Giving appropriate first aid immediately can help to reduce a person’s recovery time and make a difference between whether the patient has a temporary or long-term disability.
It encourages healthy and safe living.One of the first things you will learn during your first-aid training is that you must look after yourself and ensure your own safety as a priority.It’s not being selfish but practical.　　3　　
It enables you to increase a patient’s comfort.Not all accidents，injuries or illnesses require a trip to the hospital.　　4　　 A child crying because of an injured leg or with a fever is in pain and is suffering.By knowing how to act，you’ll help to reduce the child’s discomfort.
　　5　　 In some situations if a patient doesn’t receive basic first-aid care immediately their situation will become worse—often rapidly.A trained person would know how to keep the situation from becoming bad to worse.By being able to provide basic care you can stabilize(稳定) a patient until emergency medical services arrive.
A．That’s not all，though.
B．It creates the confidence to care.
C．It helps prevent the situation from becoming worse.
D．Having some basic first-aid knowledge is important.
E．But it doesn’t mean they don’t cause pain to the patient.
F．In some countries first-aid training has become a requirement for employment.
G．Keeping yourself safe means you are in a position to help others rather than needing help.
读写积累 1．temporary adj.暂时的；短暂的 2．priority n．优先事项；最重要的事；首要事情 3．comfort n．安慰，慰藉；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸 vt.安慰；抚慰 4．make a difference 有影响；起(重要)作用 5．Ask any individual who has taken a first-aid training program if it is worth it and their answer will be “Yes！” 句式结构：祈使句＋and＋陈述句；who引导定语从句；if引导宾语从句。 句子翻译：问任何一个参加过急救训练的人这样做是否值得，他们的回答将是“是的！” 6．It’s not being selfish but practical. 句式结构：not...but... 句子翻译：这不是自私，而是实际。 7．A trained person would know how to keep the situation from becoming bad to worse. 句式结构：“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语。 句子翻译：一个受过训练的人知道如何防止情况变得更糟。
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些关于急救的基本知识。
1．D　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的第三句可知，急救可以通过防止病情恶化来帮助受害者。故选D。]
2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中第二至四句可知，急救说明从①到⑤的正确顺序是②①⑤③④。故选A。]
3．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“One method for assessing a victim's condition is known by ABC”可知，ABC是一种评估方法。故选B。]
4．C　[标题归纳题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段第一句可知，文章主要介绍了一些基本的急救知识。故选C。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是参加急救训练的好处。
1．D　[根据前后句可知，越来越多的人开始接受急救培训，而且参加过的人都认为这非常值得。由此可知，掌握一些急救知识是很重要的。故选D。]
2．A　[前句指出急救有助于挽救生命，后句则提到正确的急救还有助于缩短患者的恢复时间，由此可知，急救的知识不止挽救生命。A选项“但这还不是全部”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。]
3．G　[空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文可知，优先确保自己的安全并非自私，G选项“保护自己的安全意味着你可以帮助别人，而不是需要别人的帮助”承接上文，符合语境，故选G。]
4．E　[前句说并非所有事故、伤病都要去医院，后文列举了会给人们带来痛苦的伤病，以此突出急救的重要性。E选项“但这并不意味着它们不会给病人带来痛苦”符合语境，承上启下。故选E。]
5．C　[空格处是本段主题句，根据空后“In some situations...know how to keep the situation from becoming bad to worse.”可知，急救有助于防止情况变得更糟糕。故选C。]人与社会：急救
星期六　完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：45分)
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
(2024·河北保定定州高二期末)
Your kindness to others can save them and make them spread the kindness to help more people.Thea Rhiannon was driving her old car down a road.When she rolled down the 　　1　　 to let in some fresh air，the sun visor(遮阳板) was blown off onto the floor.
She was about to pull off and 　　2　　 down to grab it when she found the oncoming 　　3　　 accidentally pulled the steering wheel(方向盘) and was driving to her.In panic，she pulled the wheel 　　4　　 in the other direction.The car 　　5　　 over three times，and Rhiannon was thrown out.When she 　　6　　，she found herself lying in the middle of the 　　7　　，and bleeding from injuries.Rhiannon remembered a young man 　　8　　 her.“The young man stayed with me until the 　　9　　 got there，” she recalled.“He covered me with a blanket and 　　10　　 me first aid，including putting a tourniquet(止血带) on my left arm，where I was 　　11　　 badly.”
An emergency room doctor spent hours removing all the 　　12　　 glass of windshield from her arm，and gave her three dozen stitches(缝线)．The next day，one of the doctors told Rhiannon that without the 　　13　　，she would have probably bled to death before the doctors arrived.
Over years，the hero may not realize his 　　14　　 on others，but Rhiannon has spared no effort to 　　15　　 his kindness.
1．A.door B．handle
C．window D．switch
2．A.leaned B．got
C．moved D．looked
3．A.jet B．traffic
C．wood D．mist
4．A.unexpectedly B．curiously
C．perfectly D．sharply
5．A.rolled B．narrowed
C．flew D．hit
6．A.faded away B．turned around
C．came to D．stepped out
7．A.floor B．hospital
C．accident D．road
8．A.checked B．assisted
C．investigated D．repaired
9．A.ambulance B．cart
C．cycle D．truck
10．A.showed B．applied
C．told D．gave
11．A.injured B．nervous
C．anxious D．terrible
12．A.useless B．broken
C．extra D．multiple
13．A.blanket B．air
C．aid D．vehicle
14．A.instructions B．advice
C．contribution D．impact
15．A.suspect B．defend
C．spread D．consume
读写积累 1．panic n．惊恐；恐慌 vi.& vt.(使)惊慌 2．roll down(转动把手)打开(或关闭)；展开，摊开(卷状物) 3．let in允许(空气、光线、水等)进入 4．blow off吹掉，吹走；放气；炸掉 5．spare no effort to do sth不遗余力做某事 6．Your kindness to others can save them and make them spread the kindness to help more people. 句式结构：make＋宾语＋宾补。 句子翻译：你对他人的善意可以拯救他们，让他们传播善意，帮助更多的人。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共30分)
A
It is recommended that we use the 1.　　　　　　　　(letter) DR ABC to remember what to do when we find ourselves in a situation 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 we or someone else needs help.
D stands for danger.We should first of all make sure that the accident scene is no longer dangerous.If we were to get hurt while 3.　　　　　　　　　　(try) to save someone，we would not be able to help.R is for response.We can do a lot of good by simply asking “Are you all right？” If the person can answer，we know how much consciousness that other 4.　　　(live) signals he or she still has.This question will also calm the person，letting him or her know that help is 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 the way.A is for airway.We must make sure that a person’s airway is open and it is easy 6.　　　　　　(breathe)．This can be done by 7.　　　　　(gentle) tipping the person’s head back slightly.B is for breathing.We should check that the person can breathe.C is for circulation.Is the person’s blood circulating？We can look for colour，coughing and eye 8.　　　　　　　　(move)．When we have checked the DR ABC，we should give the first aid that is needed and call an ambulance.Every second 9.　　　　　　　　　　　　(count) in an emergency and knowing what to do can mean 10.　　　　　　　　　　 difference between life and death.
读写积累 1．airway n．气道 2．tip 熟义：n.尖端；提示；小费　生义：v.倾斜；轻触(本文为此义) 3．circulate v．循环；传播 4．stand for代表 5．do good做好事；有好处，有用处 6．We should first of all make sure that the accident scene is no longer dangerous. 句式结构：make sure that句型。 句子翻译：我们首先要确保事故现场不再危险。
B
The China International Search and Rescue Team (CISAR) was formed in 2001.The team brings help and hope to those 11.　　　　　　　　　　　　 lives are changed by a storm，flood，earthquake，or any other natural disasters.
After long and careful training，the team went on its first international rescue missions in 2003.That year，the Chinese team helped save 12.　　　　　　　　　　　　(life) after earthquakes in Algeria and Iran.It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China，and the team was 13.　　　　　　　　　　　　(high) praised for their bravery and skill.
Since then，the CISAR 14.　　　　　　　　　　　　(complete) many missions.The list of people 15.　　　　　　　　　　　　 whom help has been given is long.The team treated more than 3,000 people who were injured in the 2006 earthquake in Indonesia，helped 25,000 16.___________________(wound) people after the earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010，and spent several months 17.　　　　　　　　　　　　(give) aid to over 25,000 victims of the 2010 floods in Pakistan.
Rescue workers 18.　　　　　　　　　　　　(train) to find people，treat injuries，and hand out food，water，and other supplies.What they have to do is difficult under conditions which can be very 19.　　　　　　　　　　(danger)．After a disaster，there is usually no electricity or water，and there may be diseases and accidents.Rescue workers get to save lives，but they must also bury 20.　　　　　　　　　　 dead.That means they have to be strong in both body and mind.
读写积累 1．praise v．赞扬，表扬 2．bravery n．勇敢 3．bury v．埋葬；埋藏 4．hand out分发 5．It was the first time that a Chinese team had worked outside China. 句式结构：It was the first time that sb had done...这是某人第一次做某事。 句子翻译：这是中国团队第一次在国外工作。
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Thea Rhiannon在路上发生了交通事故，多亏了一个年轻人的帮助，她才没有失血而死。多年来，这位英雄可能没有意识到他对他人的影响，但Rhiannon一直不遗余力地传播他的善良。
1．C　[根据下文“to let in some fresh air”可知是打开窗户透气。故选C。]
2．A　[根据上文“the sun visor(遮阳板) was blown off onto the floor”可知，遮阳板被风吹到了车的地板上，所以她正要停车，俯身去拿，lean down表示“俯身”。故选A。]
3．B　[根据上文“Thea Rhiannon was driving her old car down a road.”可知，她当时在开车，所以是迎面开过来的车辆，故选B。]
4．D　[sharply猛烈地，严厉地。根据上文“pulled the steering wheel(方向盘) and was driving to her”可知，对面的车辆朝她开过来，慌乱中，她朝另一个方向猛拉方向盘。故选D。]
5．A　[根据下文“and Rhiannon was thrown out”可知，车翻了三次，Rhiannon被甩了出去。故选A。]
6．C　[fade away褪色；turn around转身；come to恢复知觉，苏醒；step out离开。根据下文“she found herself lying in the middle”可知是她醒了，恢复了知觉，故选C。]
7．D　[根据上文“Rhiannon was thrown out”可知，Rhiannon被甩了出去，应是躺在路中间，故选D。]
8．B　[根据下文“He covered me with a blanket and me first aid”可知，有个年轻人帮助了她。故选B。]
9．A　[根据上文可知Rhiannon出了车祸，应该是等急救车赶到。故选A。]
10．D　[根据下文“me first aid”可知，年轻人给Rhiannon做了急救，应用动词give。故选D。]
11．A　[根据上文“putting a tourniquet(止血带) on my left arm，where I was”可知，止血带应该是绑在受伤严重的地方。故选A。]
12．B　[根据下文“glass of windshield from her arm”可知，此处指医生花了几个小时从她的手臂上取出所有破碎的挡风玻璃，故选B。]
13．C　[根据上文“me first aid，including putting a tourniquet(止血带) on my left arm”和下文“bled to death”可知，如果没有年轻人的救助，她可能已经失血而死，故选C。]
14．D　[结合上文可知年轻人的善良救了Rhiannon的命，即产生影响。故选D。]
15．C　[根据上文“make them spread the kindness to help more people”以及下文“his kindness”可知，此处指Rhiannon传播那个年轻人的善良。故选C。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“DR ABC”急救知识。
1．letters　[考查名词复数。根据后文“DR ABC”可知，此处应填letter的复数形式letters。故填letters。]
2．where　[考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词situation，表示“处境，情况”，为抽象地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。]
3．trying　[考查非谓语动词。当while引导时间状语从句时，主句的主语和从句的主语一致，且从句有be动词时，从句主语和be动词可以省略。此句可还原为If we were to get hurt while we were trying to save someone...，由此可知，此处应填trying。故填trying。]
4．living　[考查形容词。分析句子可知，该空修饰后面的名词signals，应该用形容词。故填living。]
5．on　[考查介词。on the way意为“在途中”。故填on。]
6．to breathe　[考查非谓语动词。it's＋形容词＋(for sb) to do sth，意为“(对某人来说)做某事是……”。故填to breathe。]
7．gently　[考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用gentle的副词形式修饰动词tipping。故填gently。]
8．movement　[考查名词。根据上文“We can look for colour，coughing and eye”可知，此处应填move的名词形式作宾语。故填movement。]
9．counts　[考查主谓一致。分析句子可知，主语为Every second，为单数名词，此处应填count的第三人称单数形式作谓语。故填counts。]
10．the　[考查冠词。此处特指difference between life and death，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国国际搜救队成立以来的工作情况和意义。
11．whose　[考查定语从句。those为先行词，指代人，意为“那些人”，后接限制性定语从句，先行词和从句主语lives形成所属关系，设空处应用关系代词来修饰，指代“那些人的”生活。故填whose。]
12．lives　[考查名词复数。save后接宾语，life意为“生命，性命”，为可数名词，根据句意，中国救援队去往两个国家救人，应用名词复数。故填lives。]
13．highly　[考查副词。设空处应填副词作状语，修饰谓语动词praised，短语praise sb highly意为“高度表扬某人”。故填highly。]
14．has completed　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Since then可知，句子谓语应用现在完成时态，主语为the CISAR，为单数形式，助动词用has。故填has completed。]
15．to　[考查介词。此处在定语从句中考查give sth to sb的被动用法sth be given to sb，先行词是people，指代人，在从句中为介词to的宾语，关系代词用whom时，介词to可以提前，置于关系代词whom之前。故填to。]
16．wounded　[考查形容词。设空处在名词people之前，应用形容词作前置定语，wound的形容词形式为wounded。故填wounded。]
17．giving　[考查动名词。此处考查动词短语spend time (in) doing sth，设空处应用动名词，故填giving。]
18．are trained　[考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，设空处是谓语，和主语之间是被动关系，再根据本段此处是客观事实，所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are trained。]
19．dangerous　[考查形容词。根据句意可知，这里应该用形容词，故填dangerous。]
20．the　[考查冠词。此处考查“the＋形容词”，表示一类人，the dead意为“死者”。故填the。]人与社会：急救
星期日　读写积累检测
(分值：113.5分)
Ⅰ.熟词生义(每小题1分，共4分)
1．The goalkeeper just managed to tip the ball over the crossbar.　　　　　　　　　　　　
2．There’ve been some bitter exchanges between the two groups.　　　　　　　　　　　　
3．They asked us to pair up with the person next to us and form teams.　　　　　　　　　　　　
4．Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street，not knowing where she was heading.　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅱ.一词多义(每小题1.5分，共19.5分)
present
A.adj.当前的　B.adj.在场的　C.v.颁发　D.v.展示　E.v.提交　F.n.礼物　G.n.现在
1．There were 200 people present at the meeting.　　　　　　　　
2．He has brought much of the present crisis on himself.　　　　　　　　
3．The carpet was a wedding present from Jack’s parents.　　　　　　　　
4．You have to forget the past and start living in the present.　　　　　　　　
5．The committee will present its final report to Parliament in June.　　　　　　　　
6．The mayor presented him with a gold medal at an official city reception.　　　　　　　　
7．We spend the time presenting the information in a variety of chart forms.　　　　　　　　
track
A．n.小道　B．n.足迹　C．n.轨道　D．n.路线 E．n.跑道　F．v.跟踪，追踪
8．Police are on the track of the thieves.　　　　　　　　
9．He followed his tracks and returned to the snow cave.　　　　　　　　
10．We set off once more，over a rough mountain track.　　　　　　　　
11．I began running laps on an indoor track at a nearby college.　　　　　　　　
12．Crossing a small wooden bridge，we left the rail tracks to have a drink.　　　　　　　　
13．By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts，scientists have found good news can spread faster and farther.　　　　　　　　
Ⅲ.重点单词(每空1分，共44分)
1．injury n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2．damp adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3．comfort n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　vt.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4．release vt.& n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5．resistance n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6．permanent adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7．reassure v．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8．life-threatening adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
9．circulation n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
10．panic vi.& vt.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
11．overcome vt.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
12．advance n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
vi.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
vt.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
13．cliff-face n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
14．miserable adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
15．honorary adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
16．fateful adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
17．commercial adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
18．heroic adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
19．unconscious adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
20．bystander n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
21．faithfulness n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
22．welfare＝well-being n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
23．alert v．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
24．notification n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
25．scan v．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
26．backcountry n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
27．ideally adv.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
28．hike v．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
29．infection n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
30．relatively adv.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
31．watchful adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
32．attract vt.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
33．temporary adj.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
34．airway n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
35．circulate v．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
36．bravery n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
37．praise v．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
38．bury v．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
39．priority n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
40．feedback n．　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题1分，共28分)
1．throw up　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2．make a difference　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3．roll down　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4．apply to　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5．on demand　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6．let in　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7．come to one’s rescue　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
8．be trapped in　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
9．strike up a conversation　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
10．pride oneself on (doing) sth　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
11．pull off　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
12．join sb in doing sth　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
13．attend to　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
14．take sth to heart　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
15．wipe out　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
16．be hard of doing sth　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
17．rather than　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
18．aside from＝apart from　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
19．be in use　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
20．from time to time　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
21．apply pressure to　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
22．speed up　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
23．blow off　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
24．stand for　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
25．do good　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
26．hand out　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
27．spare no effort to do sth　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
28．what’s more　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Ⅴ.单句写作(每小题3分，共18分)
1．如果有机会做志愿者，我会竭尽全力。(应用文写作之申请信)
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，I’ll spare no effort to do everything I can.
2．那里的景色太美了，我不知道该怎么形容。(疑问词＋不定式)
The scenery there is so amazing that I don’t know 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
3．这是这对双胞胎第一次为母亲做早餐，因此他们既激动又紧张。(读后续写之心理描写)
　　　　　　　　　　　　a breakfast for their mother，so they were excited and nervous.
4．汤姆很独立，他从不征求父母的意见，除非想要得到父母的支持。(读后续写之心理描写)
Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion 　　　　　　　　.
5．他们的脚被树根绊住了，摔了出去，掉进了路边的河里。(读后续写之动作描写)
Their feet caught on a root and fell off，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 along the path.
6．我认为，阅读之所以有趣，不是因为作者在告诉我们什么，而是因为它让我们的思维活跃。
In my opinion，reading is interesting，　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
答案精析
Ⅰ.1.轻触　2.交谈　3.配对　4.朝……前进
Ⅱ.1.B　2.A　3.F　4.G　5.E　6.C　7.D　8.D　9．B　10.A　11.E　12.C　13.F
Ⅲ.1.伤，损伤　2.潮湿的，有湿气的　3.安慰，慰藉；令人感到安慰的人或事物；舒服；安逸　安慰；抚慰　4．排放；释放；发布　5.抵抗力；抵制；反对；抗拒　6．永久的　7.使安心　8.危及生命的　9.血液循环　10．(使)惊慌　惊恐；恐慌　11.克服；解决；战胜　12.进步；发展　前进；发展　发展；促进　13.悬崖壁　14．痛苦的　15.荣誉的　16.有重大影响的　17.商业的；贸易的　18.英勇的　19.无知觉的，昏迷的　20.旁观者　21.忠诚　22.幸福；健康　23.提醒，使警觉　24.通知　25.审视；查看　26.偏远地区　27．理想情况下　28.远足　29.传染，感染　30.相对地，相当地　31.注意的；警惕的　32.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣)　33.暂时的；短暂的　34.气道　35.循环；传播　36.勇敢　37.赞扬，表扬　38.埋葬；埋藏　39.优先事项；最重要的事；首要事情　40.反馈的意见(或信息)
Ⅳ.1.呕吐　2.有影响；起(重要)作用　3.(转动把手)打开(或关闭)；旋开；展开，摊开(卷状物)　4.适用于　5．按需求　6.允许(空气、光线、水等)进入　7.前来营救某人　8.被困在……　9.开始交谈　10.为……而骄傲　11.做成，完成　12.和某人一起做某事　13.照料；注意；处理　14.把……放在心上　15．彻底消灭；全部摧毁　16.做某事困难　17.而不是　18.除……以外　19.在使用中　20.有时　21．压住　22.加速　23.吹掉，吹走；放气；炸掉　24．代表　25.做好事；有好处，有用处　26.分发　27.不遗余力做某事　28.更重要的是
Ⅴ.1.If given the opportunity to be the volunteer
2．how to describe it
3．It was the first time that the twins had prepared
4．unless he wants their support
5．which threw them into the river
6．not because the writer is telling us something，but because it makes our minds active人与社会：急救
星期三　完形填空＋语法填空
(分值：45分)
Ⅰ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
It is always fortunate that someone comes to your rescue when you get stuck.A Colorado hiker who broke her leg and spent two nights trapped in the wilderness was rescued last week after a(n) 　　1　　 aboard a passing train spotted her lying on a(n) 　　2　　，officials said.
The hiker，a female in her 20s from New Mexico，had gone on a day hike when she 　　3　　 down a cliff-face and broke her leg，said the Office of Emergency Management，San Juan County，Colorado.
On the second night，she 　　4　　 herself to a spot along the riverbank where she could be 　　5　　.The following morning，she 　　6　　 the first train of the day headed to Silverton at 11：38 a．m.Once a passenger noticed her calls for help，the passenger 　　7　　 a conductor.Train staff immediately 　　8　　 to the miserable hiker.
Members of the train crew 　　9　　 crossed the river to reach the injured hiker.Nick and Kylah，members of La Plata County medics，provided 　　10　　 to the hiker until emergency teams arrived.The hiker was airlifted to 　　11　　.People were concerned，but her current condition was not immediately 　　12　　 to the public.
“They might not be the greatest 　　13　　，but these two are now honorary medical rescue members，” San Juan County OEM said.The agency 　　14　　 the railroad for its timely help in the rescue.“We are grateful that another person in a moment of need was successfully brought home due to 　　15　　 and cooperation，” the agency said.
1．A.hiker B．passenger
C．conductor D．female
2．A.rock B．roadside
C．riverbank D．cliff
3．A.fell B．jumped
C．swung D．jogged
4．A.carried B．secured
C．pushed D．dragged
5．A.moved B．watched
C．seen D．saved
6．A.moved around B．pulled over
C．called up D．waved down
7．A.appointed B．invited
C．contacted D．reminded
8．A.responded B．pointed
C．listened D．switched
9．A.gradually B．instantly
C．apparently D．consequently
10．A.aid B．medicine
C．food D．shelter
11．A.home B．roadside
C．hospital D．station
12．A.predictable B．available
C．optimistic D．critical
13．A.heroes B．hikers
C．professionals D．rescuers
14．A.welcomed B．thanked
C．advertised D．contacted
15．A.intelligence B．passion
C．innovation D．teamwork
读写积累 1．spot v．看见，发现n.斑点；污渍；地点 2．cliff-face n．悬崖壁 3．head 熟义：n.头　生义：v.朝……行进(本文为此义) 4．miserable adj.痛苦的 5．honorary adj.荣誉的 6．come to one’s rescue前来营救某人 7．be trapped in被困在…… 8．It is always fortunate that someone comes to your rescue when you get stuck. 句式结构：It作形式主语，that从句是真正的主语；when引导时间状语从句。 句子翻译：当你陷入困境时，有人来救援你总是幸运的。
Ⅱ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共30分)
A
A fateful conversation inspired the creation of the First Aid Kit，which was released in 1888.Aboard a train heading to Colorado for vacation，company 1.　　　　　　　　　(found) Robert Wood Johnson struck up a conversation 2.　　　　　　　　　　 a doctor.The doctor explained to him the 3.　　　　　　　　　　(danger) of railroad construction and the lack of medical supplies 4.　　　　　　　　　　　　(treat) the unique industrial injuries.From this exchange，Johnson saw 5.　　　　　　　　　　　　 opportunity to both advance the field of healthcare and build 6.　　　　　　　　　　　　(he) young business.And the commercial First Aid Kit was born.
However，Johnson knew that the kits，themselves，were not enough.They needed to include explanation and training.Since its founding，the company had prided itself on 7.　　　　(educate) the public and spreading methods of wound care.In 1901，the nation’s first 8.　　　(commercial) available guide to first aid，the Hand Book of First Aid，9.　　　　　　　　　　(publish)．The guide reached beyond the railroad and medical industries，showing readers 10.　　　　　　　 to save lives with their first aid skills.
读写积累 1．fateful adj.有重大影响的 2．exchange熟义：n.& v．交换　生义：n.交谈(本文为此义) 3．commercial adj.商业的；贸易的 4．strike up a conversation开始交谈 5．pride oneself on (doing) sth为……而骄傲 6．A fateful conversation inspired the creation of the First Aid Kit，which was released in 1888. 句式结构：which引导非限制性定语从句。 句子翻译：一次重要的谈话激发了急救箱的发明，并于1888年推行。
B
Hero police officer saves 3-year-old girl’s life on his wedding day.“He’s always at the right place at the right (or wrong) time，” said one of the officer’s 11.　　　　　(colleague)．
John O’Rourke will surely never forget his wedding day.
Not only did the Indiana University Police Department officer get married that day，he also 12.___________(save) a little girl’s life.O’Rourke pulled off the heroic actions at a small shop in Sanford，Florida,13.　　　　　　　　　　　　 the morning of his wedding day.
While 14.　　　　　　　　　　　　(stand) in line to buy some breakfast，he saw a crowd standing around and looking on 15.　　　　　　　　　　　　 unconscious 3-year-old lying on the floor.
O’Rourke got a bystander 16.　　　　　　　　　　　　(call) 911 so that he could report what had happened here.He then gave first aid treatment to the poor child.17.　　　(fortunate)，no sooner had the girl recovered consciousness than doctors and nurses arrived.
With the youngster in the care of the medical professionals，shop staff gave O’Rourke a free box of sandwiches 18.　　　　　　　　　　　　(express) their thanks for his actions.
He later joined his bride，Virginia，in saying 19.　　　　　　　　　　　　(they) vows(誓词) in front of friends from the Florida Highway Patrol，20.　　　　　　　　　　　　 said he had a habit of being “at the right place at the right (or wrong) time”．
读写积累 1．heroic adj.英勇的 2．unconscious adj.无知觉的，昏迷的 3．bystander n．旁观者 4．pull off做成，完成；(车或驾车者)停靠路边 5．join sb in doing sth和某人一起做某事 6．...no sooner had the girl recovered consciousness than doctors and nurses arrived. 句式结构：no sooner...than...一……就……。 句子翻译：女孩刚恢复知觉，医生和护士就赶到了。
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道 记叙文 。文章主要讲述一位徒步旅行者在旅行过程中腿受伤了，正好被经过的一辆火车上的乘客看到，并且被车上的人员救了。
1．B　[根据第三段中的“Once a passenger noticed her calls for help，the passenger a conductor.”可知，是路过的火车上的一名乘客发现了她。故选B。]
2．C　[根据第三段第一句可知，她是在河岸上被发现的。故选C。]
3．A　[根据下文“down a cliff-face and broke her leg”可知，她是从悬崖上摔下并摔断了腿。故选A。]
4．D　[根据上文“she down a cliff-face and broke her leg”可知，她摔断了腿，所以应该是艰难地拖着自己的身体到河岸边。故选D。]
5．C　[根据上文“she herself to a spot along the riverbank”可知，她到河岸边的目的应该是使自己容易被路人发现。故选C。]
6．D　[move around四处移动；pull over靠边停车；call up召集；wave down挥手示意……停下。根据下文“Once a passenger noticed her calls for help”可知，她应该是向火车挥手，示意火车停下来。故选D。]
7．D　[appoint约定，任命；invite邀请；contact联系；remind提醒。根据下文a conductor可知，这名乘客注意到她的呼救之后，应该是立马去提醒列车员，停车去帮助她。故选D。]
8．A　[respond回应；point指出；listen听；switch转换。根据下段第一句可知，火车工作人员在得知情况之后立即对这位可怜的徒步旅行者作出了回应。故选A。]
9．B　[gradually渐渐地；instantly立刻；apparently明显地；consequently因此。根据上段最后一句可知，火车工作人员立即下车施救。故选B。]
10．A　[根据上文“Nick and Kylah，members of La Plata County medics”可知，在紧急救援队抵达之前，他们应该是在为徒步旅行者提供急救。故选A。]
11．C　[根据上文“she down a cliff-face and broke her leg”可知，她的腿摔伤了，所以应该是被送到医院救治。故选C。]
12．B　[predictable可预测的；available可获得的；optimistic乐观的；critical批评的。根据上文but可知，上下文是转折的关系。人们虽然对她目前的状况表示担忧，但却无法得到相关信息。故选B。]
13．A　[根据下文“but these two are now honorary medical rescue members”可知，这里是强调虽然他们可能不是最伟大的英雄，但这两人现在是荣誉医疗救援队员。故选A。]
14．B　[根据下文“We are grateful that another person in a moment of need was successfully brought home due to and cooperation”可知，该机构是在感谢铁路方面在救援中的及时帮助。故选B。]
15．D　[intelligence智慧；passion热情；innovation创新；teamwork团队合作。根据第三段中最后一句和第四段中“...provided to the hiker until emergency teams arrived.”以及下文cooperation可知，这里强调铁路方面积极热心的团队合作帮助了那位受伤的徒步旅行者。故选D。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，讲述了世界上第一个First Aid Kit的诞生，以及人们如何开始学习急救技能。
1．founder　[考查名词。根据句意可知，Robert Wood Johnson是“公司创始人”，应用名词构成词组company founder作主语，意为“公司创始人”，故填founder。]
2．with　[考查介词。strike up a conversation with sb是固定短语，意为“开始与某人聊天”，介词with表示“和”，故填with。]
3．dangers　[考查名词复数。此处表示railroad construction带来的种种危险，可数名词danger应用复数形式，故填dangers。]
4．to treat　[考查不定式。根据句意可知，此处“ (treat) the unique industrial injuries”作后置定语，修饰medical supplies，表示“用于治疗特殊工伤的医疗用品”，用动词不定式作后置定语，故填to treat。]
5．an　[考查冠词。可数名词opportunity在句中表示“一个机会”，泛指，其发音以元音音素开头，故填an。]
6．his　[考查代词。根据句意可知，提示词修饰young business，应用形容词性物主代词，表示“他的”，故填his。]
7．educating　[考查动名词。根据句意和空前介词on可知，此处应用动名词作宾语，故填educating。]
8．commercially　[考查副词。分析句子可知，提示词修饰形容词available，应用副词，故填commercially。]
9．was published　[考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。提示词是谓语动词，根据时间状语In 1901可知应用一般过去时态，与主语“the nation's first...guide to first aid，the Hand Book of First Aid”之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数，故填was published。]
10．how　[考查副词。根据句意可知，应填入副词how构成“特殊疑问词＋动词不定式”复合结构，作宾语，故填how。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印第安纳大学警察局的警官奥洛克在结婚的那天早晨救了一个小女孩的命，这一英勇举动得到了人们的称赞。
11．colleagues　[考查名词复数。one of后面加可数名词复数，故填colleagues。]
12．saved　[考查动词时态。not only 与but also连接的并列句，时态一致；根据上一句中时间状语that day可知，这里描述的是结婚那天的事情，发生在过去，因此使用一般过去时。故填saved。]
13．on　[考查介词。表示在具体的某一天的早上、下午或者晚上，需要使用介词on。故填on。]
14．standing　[考查非谓语动词。此处指的是“当他排队买早餐的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句省略了be动词和主语he，动词stand与主语之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填standing。]
15．an　[考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，此处需要填入不定冠词，下文单词“unconscious”，首字母发音为元音音素，故填an。]
16．to call　[考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定搭配get sb to do sth让某人做某事。故填to call。]
17．Fortunately　[考查副词。此处作状语修饰后面整个句子，因此需要使用副词。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Fortunately。]
18．to express　[考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，句子中已经有谓语动词，因此需要填入非谓语动词，此处表示的是目的。故填to express。]
19．their　[考查形容词性物主代词。此处修饰后面的名词vows，应该用形容词性物主代词。故填their。]
20．who　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为friends from the Florida Highway Patrol，从句中缺少主语，指人。故填who。]人与社会：急救
星期四　阅读理解
(分值：20分)
(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
“With faithfulness，I will try my best to aid the physicians in their work，and devote myself to helping those patients who I attend to.”Every day，nurses take these words from the Florence Nightingale oath(誓言) to heart，ensuring their patients’ welfare—but some nurses，like Jennifer Smith，take that oath a step further.
Last November，Jennifer got an urgent call from John Burley，one of her patients who had been hospitalized with pneumonia(肺炎)．With no other family members to step in to help，a local animal shelter adopted his dog Boomer.
“I came into work on Monday morning after Thanksgiving，the phone ringing at 7 am，” Jennifer recalled.“John was calling from his ward，saying ‘Boomer was in the shelter! Boomer was in the shelter！’” Aware that the 12-year-old dog that he had had since it was born meant all the world to him，she said yes without any hesitation，when John asked Jennifer if she could take care of Boomer.She said that knowing his beloved dog was safe would make a huge positive impact on John’s recovery.
The first thing Jennifer had to do was to track Boomer down and she finally found him at the Rome Humane Society.The following day，she drove to the shelter and carried out the adoption plan，letting John know Boomer was doing well.What’s more，Jennifer was given　the　green　light to bring Boomer to work with her.During his stay in hospital，Jennifer brought Boomer to visit his owner several times a day.The cute dog soon became a favorite with staff and patients there.
To Jennifer，keeping 60-year-old John and Boomer together is just a natural act of helping people.“There are just so many worries in the world right now.If I can take one worry away from John，that’s the least I can do，” she told CNN.
1．What happened to John Burley’s dog
A．It was seriously injured.
B．It was refused for adoption.
C．It was taken to a shelter.
D．It was lost and not found.
2．Why did Jennifer decide to adopt Boomer
A．To show her special love for it.
B．To aid physicians in their research.
C．To improve the working atmosphere.
D．To help her patient recover better.
3．Which can replace the underlined phrase “given the green light” in paragraph 4
A．Permitted. B．Advised.
C．Encouraged. D．Persuaded.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Jennifer suffered a lot from helping John.
B. Jennifer was happy that she could help John.
C. Jennifer felt sorry for not doing more for John.
D. Jennifer was worried about John’s physical condition.
读写积累 1．faithfulness n．忠诚 2．welfare＝well-being n．幸福；健康 3．track n．小道；足迹；轨道；路线；跑道v.跟踪，追踪 4．attend to照料；注意；处理 5．take sth to heart把……放在心上 6．Aware that the 12-year-old dog that he had had since it was born meant all the world to him，she said yes without any hesitation，when John asked Jennifer if she could take care of Boomer. 句式结构：形容词作状语；第二个that引导限制性定语从句；when引导时间状语从句；if引导宾语从句。 句子翻译：当约翰问詹妮弗是否可以照顾布玛时，詹妮弗毫不犹豫地答应了，因为她知道这只12岁的从出生起就和他在一起的狗，对他来说意味着整个世界。
B
A new smartwatch app alerts users who are deaf or hard of hearing of nearby sounds，such as knocks at the door or fire alarms.
“The main motivation for the app came from my own experience，and conversations that my colleagues and I have had with deaf and hard of hearing people over several years，”says Dhruv Jain，who presented the system，called Sound-Watch.
Jain，who is hard of hearing，uses Sound-Watch at home to avoid sleeping through a smoke alarm.“On a nature walk，it’ll tell me that there’re birds singing，or there might be a waterfall nearby，” he says.“Those sounds make me feel more present and connected to the world.”
Sound awareness apps for smartphones exist.But Jain prefers the immediacy(即时性) of sound notifications on his wrist，rather than in his pocket and surveys of people who are deaf or hard of hearing show he’s not alone.
The SoundWatch app pairs an Android smartwatch and phone.The watch records surrounding noises and sends that data to the phone for processing.When the phone finds a sound of interest，the smartwatch vibrates(振动) and displays a sign.
Jain，a computer scientist at the University of Washington in Seattle，and his colleagues designed the app to identify 20 noises.In experiments，SoundWatch correctly identified those 20 sounds 81.2 percent of the time.When set to listen only for urgent noises—a fire alarm，door knock or alarm clock—the app was 97.6 percent accurate.Eight deaf and hard of hearing people who used SoundWatch around a university campus gave the app broadly favorable reviews，but noted that the app misclassified some sounds in noisy outdoor settings.
Disability is highly personal，and Jain hopes his team can find ways for people to personalize this app for their own specific needs.For example，people can be told about the sounds they care about—a husband’s or wife’s voice versus general speech，the back door opening versus the front door opening，and more.
5．What inspired Jain to invent the SoundWatch
A．The desire to hear music.
B．His deaf colleagues.
C．Sleeping through a smoke alarm.
D. His own experience of being hard of hearing.
6．What is the fifth paragraph mainly about
A．How the SoundWatch works.
B．Why SoundWatch is invented.
C．The influence of the noises.
D．The link of smartwatches and phones.
7．Which sound type can the app identify the best
A．Waterfall. B．Birds’ songs.
C．A fire alarm. D．The sound of forest.
8．In which part of a newspaper is the text most likely to be found
A．Education. B．Technology.
C．Advertisement. D．Entertainment.
读写积累 1．alert v．提醒，使警觉 2．present adj.当前的；在场的v.颁发；展示；提交 n．礼物；现在 3．notification n．通知 4．pair 熟义：n.一双，一对　生义：v.配对(本文为此义) 5．be hard of doing sth做某事困难 6．rather than而不是 7．When set to listen only for urgent noises—a fire alarm，door knock or alarm clock—the app was 97.6 percent accurate. 句式结构：状语从句的省略。 句子翻译：当设置为只听紧急声音(火灾警报、敲门声或闹钟声)时，这款应用程序的准确率为97.6%。
答案精析
语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道 记叙文 ，主要讲的是护士詹妮弗·史密斯把弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔誓言进行得非常深入的事迹。
1．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段末句可知，约翰·伯利的狗被送到了一个收容所。故选C。]
2．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段末句可知，詹妮弗决定收养Boomer是为了帮助她的病人更好地恢复。故选D。]
3．A　[词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段最后两句可知，詹妮弗被允许带Boomer一起工作，given the green light的意思是“允许”，故选A。]
4．B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段詹妮弗说的话可推知，詹妮弗很高兴她能帮助约翰。故选B。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新发明的智能手机应用程序，它能提醒耳聋或者听力较弱的用户附近的声音，一方面使用户能及时采取措施应对一些危险的状况，让他们的生活更安全，另一面也加强了他们与世界的联系。
5．D　[细节理解题。根据第二段内容和第三段的“Jain，who is hard of hearing”可知，Jain自己听力差的经历启发他发明SoundWatch。故选D。]
6．A　[段落大意题。根据第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍了SoundWatch应用程序的工作原理。故选A。]
7．C　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第三句可知，该应用程序对火灾警报、敲门或闹钟的声音识别度较高。故选C。]
8．B　[文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款名为SoundWatch的应用程序。这是一项科技发明，由此推知本文最可能来自报纸的“科技”版面。故选B。]人与社会：急救
星期五　阅读理解＋七选五
(分值：22.5分)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)
(2023·浙江台州高二期末)
Every day，across the United States，there are people sitting in towers more than 100 feet in the air alone，scanning the distance for signs of smoke.They are fire watchers，also known as our eyes in the sky.
What is it like to be a fire watcher？Peter Naumann，a former fire watcher，tells about a typical day.“I’d get up at 5：30，eat a quick breakfast，and scan the area for smoke once every hour.” Other duties include reporting to headquarters twice each day，cutting firewood and so on.Aside from these required routines，a fire watcher should have hobbies and like reading，which helps pass the time.
While it might sound like a quiet life to some，at any moment，an adventure could begin.“Rainstorms and thunderstorms were a tough time.I had to be awake all through，looking for where the lightning was striking，” says Naumann.Sometimes，fire watchers also need to act as backcountry dispatchers(调度员)．For example，Naumann once aided in the rescue of an injured horse rider.
It may seem surprising that the life of a fire watcher is very much the same all these years.Even much of the technology used in the early days is still used today.For example，the Osborne Firefinder is a tool that gives compass headings for fire locations.This tool has been in use for nearly 100 years.Today，fire watchers have the added help of spotter planes，helicopters and satellite imaging.
With more and more new technology，why do we still need fire watchers “Ideally，you should have someone who knows the land features and the weather conditions，” says Naumann.Also，fire watchers are able to see things that satellite imaging cannot，such as the difference between cloud-to-cloud lightning and ground strikes.
So the fire watchers still hike to their posts each fire season.Why？They are our eyes in the sky.
1．What do fire watchers do while on duty
A. They read books to pass the time.
B. They inspect the area regularly.
C. They take on rescue work to seek adventure.
D. They carry out multi-tasks frequently.
2．Which of the following can best describe the fire watchers’ work
A．Harmful and boring.
B．Simple and colorful.
C．Dangerous but helpful.
D．Well-paid and comfortable.
3．Why is Osborne Firefinder mentioned in paragraph 4
A. To list the added help fire watchers have got.
B. To stress the importance of using technology.
C. To give an example of how skilled fire watchers are.
D. To show the little change in fire detecting technology.
4．What accounts for the irreplaceable role of fire watchers
A. Technology may fail to perform some tasks.
B. Technology has hardly advanced over the years.
C. Humans are still needed to report to headquarters.
D. Humans are specialists in land features and weather.
读写积累 1．scan v．审视；查看 2．backcountry n．偏远地区 3．ideally adv.理想情况下 4．hike v．远足 5．aside from＝apart from除……以外 6．be in use在使用中
Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
First Aid Tips for Kids All Parents Should Know
No parents want to think about their children getting hurt or injured，yet it’s impossible to keep their children in a safe place forever.　　1　　 Some will even be serious.Here are the most common situations where your children may require first aid and how to do it.
How to treat a cut.
It’s common for children to get scratches and cuts from time to time.　　2　　 The most important thing to remember when treating these is the importance of keeping the area clean to prevent infection，and know when medical attention might be required.
How to treat an insect or animal bite.
Many insect bites are uncomfortable but relatively harmless.　　3　　 So if your children are bitten by a snake，you should call 911 to come.
How to treat a bump(肿块) on the head.
　　　　4　　 But you should have a watchful eye on your children and contact your doctor with any problems.But most likely，your children are fine.If your children have experienced a serious head，neck，or back injury，do not move them.
　　5　　
Nosebleeds are common in childhood and usually look scarier than they are.If your children have a sudden nosebleed but seem otherwise fine，have them bend their head forward a bit，and apply gentle pressure to the nose area by squeezing both nostrils together between your thumb and forefinger.Don’t let your children blow their nose.Call your doctor or visit the emergency room if the bleeding doesn’t stop after 5－10 minutes.
A．How to treat nosebleeds.
B．All children are going to have injuries.
C．You should visit the emergency room.
D．This is usually not a problem for children.
E．Animal bites almost always require medical follow-up.
F．The first thing to do is remove your children from the object.
G．If your children are an active one，you should pay more attention to it.
读写积累 1.infection n.传染，感染 2.relatively adv.相对地，相当地 3.watchful adj.注意的；警惕的 4.from time to time有时 5.apply pressure to压住
答案精析
Ⅰ.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天空之眼——在美国各地的火灾警戒员。
1．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段的第二、三句可知，火灾警戒员值勤时会定期检查该地区。故选B。]
2．C　[推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，火灾警戒员的工作有时候很危险，但是很有帮助。故选C。]
3．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段的第二至四句可推断，提到奥斯本寻火器是为了显示火灾探测技术变化不大。故选D。]
4．A　[推理判断题。根据第五段内容可推断，火灾警戒员不可替代的原因是技术可能无法完成某些任务。故选A。]
Ⅱ.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了孩子可能需要急救的最常见情况以及如何急救的几种方法。
1．B　[根据上文“it's impossible to keep their children in a safe place forever”可知，孩子都会受伤。下文“Some will even be serious.”与空处是递进关系，B项承上启下，且后文中的“Some”对应B项中的“injuries”。故选B。]
2．G　[根据上句可知，孩子时不时地受伤很常见。选项G在语意上和上下文内容相关。故选G。]
3．E　[由下句可知，被蛇咬伤需要拨打911。选项E与上下文语意连贯。故选E。]
4．D　[由空后一句可知，转折说明还是要密切关注孩子的状况。故可推断，空格处内容为“一般情况下这对孩子来说没有多大问题”。选项D符合此推断内容。故选D。]
5．A　[由该空为段落小标题可知，空格处应总结该段内容。结合下文内容可知，本段主要讲的是关于治疗流鼻血的方法。选项A与下文内容相关，总结该段内容。故选A。]人与社会：急救
星期一　阅读理解
(分值：17.5分)
(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
First aid means the aid or the help that can be given to an injured person first，that is，before any medical help arrives.Sometimes quick action by us may save someone’s life.
Shock.People often suffer from shock after receiving an injury，sometimes even when the injury is a small one.The face turns gray，and the skin becomes damp and cold.They breathe quickly.They should be kept warm.Cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink.
Broken bones.Do not move the patient.Send for an ambulance at once.
Bleeding.A little bleeding doesn’t harm.It washes dirt from the wound.But if the bleeding continues，try to stop it by placing a clean cloth firmly over the wound until the bleeding stops or helps arrive.
Poison.A person who has taken poison should be taken to a hospital at once.With some poisons，sleeping pills，for example，it is a good thing to make the patient throw up by pressing your fingers down his throat.
Remember：When an accident happens，telephone for an ambulance at once.Keep the injured person warm and quiet.Give him plenty of air.Do not let other people crowd around him.
1．When someone is injured，what should we do first
A. Call for an ambulance.
B. Doing nothing but stand by.
C. Keep the injured person warm and quiet.
D. Give him or her first aid measures immediately.
2．How many kinds of first aids are mentioned in the text
A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.
3．Where could we probably read such a text
A．In a newspaper.
B．In an advertisement.
C．In a popular magazine.
D．In a medical guide book.
读写积累 1．injury n．伤，损伤 2．damp adj.潮湿的，有湿气的 3．throw up 呕吐 4．A person who has taken poison should be taken to a hospital at once. 句式结构：who引导限制性定语从句。 句子翻译：服毒的人应该立即被送往医院。
B
Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage that can signal the type of bacterial infection it’s protecting，just like a traffic light，as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.The traffic light system works just like this: Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria，yellow means drug-sensitive (DS) bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics(抗生素) and causes antibiotic release，and red means drug-resistant (DR) bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out.
In testing the bandage on mice，the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method.The common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time-consuming，the requirement for professional personnel，and expensive instruments.Moreover，the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.
It’s easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.Treatment doesn’t have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis，and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity.What’s more，the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what’s happening with the infection，if there’s an infection at all.The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light.
We’ve been seeing quite a few upgrades to the traditional bandage in recent years，thanks to advances in science—like the nanofibre mesh(纳米纤维网) that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out，speeding up the healing process.Then there’s the novel bandage for treating burns，which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.
The more work that a bandage can do while it’s protecting a wound，the better.Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we’ve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics，but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.
4．Which of the following advantages is NOT mentioned for the smart bandage
A. It prevents bacterial resistance.
B. Much time and cost can be saved.
C. Bacterial infections can be detected soon.
D. Antibiotic can be released if a DS light shows.
5．What can we infer from the third paragraph
A. The advantages of the new bandage outweigh those of traditional ones.
B. A person with the smart bandage can cure himself of any wound.
C. Doctors can make a diagnosis with the help of the new bandage.
D. The new smart bandage still has a lot of drawbacks.
6．What does the underlined word “novel” mean in the fourth paragraph
A．Useful. B．New.
C．Virtual. D．Fashionable.
7．What’s the best title of the passage
A. Prevention of Abuse of Antibiotics
B. A Successful Test on Bacterial Infection
C. Introduction to a Color-Changing Bandage
D. A New Treatment on Drug-Resistance Bacteria
读写积累 1．release vt.& n．排放；释放；发布 2．resistance n．抵抗力；抵制；反对；抗拒 3．overcome(overcame，overcome) vt.克服；解决；战胜 4．real-time adj.实时的；即时的 5．feedback n．反馈的意见(或信息) 6．advance n．进步；发展 vi.前进；发展 vt.发展；促进 7．attract vt.吸引；引起……的注意(或兴趣) 8．on demand按需求 9．wipe out彻底消灭；全部摧毁 10．what’s more更重要的是 11．speed up加速 12．The more work that a bandage can do while it’s protecting a wound，the better. 句式结构：the＋比较级……，the＋比较级…… 句子翻译：绷带在保护伤口的同时能做的工作越多越好。
答案精析
语篇解读　本文是一篇应用文，主要告诉我们四种情况下的急救方法。
1．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的“When an accident happens，telephone for an ambulance at once.”可知，当有人受伤时，我们首先应该叫救护车。故选A。]
2．C　[细节理解题。根据第二至第五段内容可知，文中提到四种情况(休克、骨折、出血、中毒)下的急救方法。故选C。]
3．D　[文章出处题。本文是应用文，主要告诉我们四种情况下的急救方法。故我们可能在医学指南里读到这样的文章。故选D。]
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型智能绷带，它可以像红绿灯一样发出细菌感染类型的信号，并根据需要释放正确类型的药物。
4．A　[细节理解题。第一段中的“yellow means drug-sensitive (DS) bacteria...and causes antibiotic release”对应D项；根据第二段中的“The common methods of sensing resistance are limited by...expensive instruments.”和第三段内容可知B、C符合文意，所以A选项“它能预防细菌耐药性”没有被提到。故选A。]
5．A　[推理判断题。根据第三段尤其是最后一句可推断，这款新型绷带优于传统绷带。故选A。]
6．B　[词义猜测题。根据上文“We've been seeing quite a few upgrades...speeding up the healing process.”可推断，此处是在介绍绷带技术的进步，故画线词所在句意思是“还有一种治疗烧伤的新型绷带，它可以阻止细菌繁殖，降低感染的风险。”所以novel意为“新的”。故选B。]
7．C　[标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第一段可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型的可变色智能绷带。故选C。]

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