2024年中考考纲英语单词详解.(12)

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2024年中考考纲英语单词详解.(12)

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中考考纲英语单词详解(12)
1.pair n.一对,一双
考点 ①a pair of一双/条······,后接的复数名词一般是由两个相同部分构成的;②若pair作主语,谓语一般与pair的数保持一致。
例句 This pair of pants is old.这条裤子旧了。
2.paper n.纸,报纸,试卷,论文
考点 ①paper作“纸张”讲是不可数名词,一张纸是a piece of paper;②作“报纸”、“文件”、“试卷”、“论文”讲是可数名词。
例句 The teacher is marking the exam papers.
老师正在给试卷打分。
3.pass v.通过考试,传递,(从旁边)经过
考点→①pass sb.sth.=pass sth.to sb.把某物递给某人;②pass作“经过”讲时是动词,而past作“经过”讲时是介词,要注意区别;③词组:pass on 传递;pass on sth.to sb.把某物传递给某人;pass the exam通过考试。
例句 Please pass me the book.
请把那本书递给我。
You will pass a bank.
你将经过一家银行。
4.past prep.晚于,在······之后;n.过去;adj.刚过去的
考点①past表时间“过”(不超过半小时),用法为“分钟数+past+钟点数”;②表示“经过”,是介词,常与walk,ride,run,drive,go等动词连用。
例句 He walked past the hospital in a hurry.
他匆匆走过医院。
5.pay v.付钱
考点→①pay的主语是人,与介词for搭配;②pay for为······付钱,支付;pay attention to 注意,留心;pay back 偿还;pay...for sth.为某物花费了多少钱;pay a visit to 参观;pay off 还清。
例句 I paid 5yuan for these books.
我花了5元买这些书
I need to get some money to pay for my summer camp.
我需要挣一些钱来支付夏令营的费用。
例 -I'm sorry I can't find the library book.
-I'm afraid you have to it.
A.send for B.call for C.pay for D.wait for
解析 pay for是“为······付钱”的意思,答案 C
6.people n.人,人们,民族
考点→①作“人们”讲时是集体名词,本身就表达复数概念,对应的谓语动词也要用复数;②表示“一个人”不能用one people,要说 one person;③people 作“民族”讲时,有复数形式;④the people 指人民。
例句 How many people are there in your family?
你家有几口人?
There are fifty-six peoples in China.
中国有56个民族。
7.photo n.照片
考点→①photo的复数为photos;②与of sb.连用,指某人自己的照片,与of sb.'s连用,指某人收藏的照片;③take photos 照相。
例句 This is the photo of Mr Green.
这是格林先生的照片。
This is the photo of Mr Green's.
这是格林先生所收藏的照片。
8.pick v.采,摘,挑选,选择
考点→①pick up拾起,捡起,(偶然)学会,(开车)
接人;②pick out精心挑选出。
例句 You'd better pick it up.你最好把它捡起来。
I've just come to pick Tony up.
我只是来接托尼的。
9.piece n.一块,一片,一件
考点→①a piece of 一块/一片······,后接不可数名词;②两(或三······)块/片······two(或 three...)pieces of...
例句 I'd like two pieces of bread.我想要两片面包。
10.pity n.(用于表示失望)遗憾,可惜;同情
考点What a pity!真可惜!真遗憾!;It is a pity that...很遗憾;feel pity for...同情······。
例句 -I lost the chance to take part in the sports meeting.
-我失去了参加运动会的机会。
-What a pity!
-真可惜!
11.place n.地方,座位;v.安放
考点①注意 place 作动词是“放置”的意思;②give place to sb./sth.让位于······,被······代替;in place of 代替;take place 发生;
take sb.'s place 取代某人的位置,坐下。
例句 The waiter placed the meal in front of me.
服务员把饭菜放在我面前。
Paris is a beautiful place.巴黎是个美丽的地方。
12.plan n.&v.计划
考点 ①make a plan 制订计划;②plan to do sth./on doing sth.计划做某事。
例句 I am planning to start/on starting next month.我打算下个月动身。
play v.玩,扮演,播放,进行比赛;n.剧本,戏剧
考点 ①play和棋类、球类名词搭配时,名词前不加任何冠词;play和西洋乐器类名词搭配时,名词前一定要加定冠词the;②play with sb.和某人一起玩;play with sth.玩某物。
例句 Can you play football?你会踢足球吗?
Everyone likes to play with her.
每个人都喜欢和她一起玩。
He likes playing with the toy plane.
他喜欢玩玩具飞机。
14.pleasant adj.令人愉快的
考点→pleasant用来修饰事物。
例句 We had a pleasant evening at Alan's house.
我们在艾伦家过了一个愉快的晚上。
15.please v.使人高兴,使满意;int.请
考点←注意please 有“使人高兴”的意思。
例句 The film pleased the children very much.
那部电影使孩子们非常高兴。
16.pleased adj.高兴的,满意的
考点①pleased用来修饰人;②be pleased with (=be satisfied with)对······满意;be pleased to do sth.乐于做某事。
例句 We are very pleased with our new house.
我们对我们的新居很满意。
17.pleasure n.快乐,愉快,愉快的事,乐趣
考点→①pleasure作“高兴,快乐”讲时,是不可数名词;pleasure作“高兴的事”讲时,是可数名词;②with pleasure 很乐意这么做;③my pleasure不客气,用来回答别人的感谢。
例句 I go sailing for pleasure.
我去航海是为了取乐。
-Thank you for inviting me to your party.
-谢谢你邀请我参加你的聚会。
-My pleasure. -别客气。
18.plenty n.丰富,大量,充足
考点plenty of 许多,大量,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词。
例句 We have plenty of rain in the south in spring.春天南方的雨水很充足。
19.point v.指,指向;n.点,得分
考点point at 指向,瞄准;point to 指向,朝向;point out 指出。
例句 The building points to the east.
这座大楼面朝东。
He pointed out the mistake.他指出了那个错误。
20.police n.警察,警方
考点→police是警察的总称,其前通常用定冠词the,形式是单数,含义是复数,用作主语时,谓语用复数。
例句 The police are looking for him. 警察正在找他。
21.population n.人口,人口数
考点→①表示population的“多”或“少”用large 或small;②询问人口的多少要用疑问词what或how big/large,不能用how many/how much。
例句 There is a large population in our country.
我们国家人口众多。
What's the population of Japan
日本有多少人口?
22.possible adj.可能的
考点←as...as possible=as...as one can 尽可能······。
例句 Our teacher often asks us to speak English as much as possible.
我们老师经常让我们尽可能多地说英语。
practice n.实践,练习;v.练习,实践
考点practice doing sth.练习做某事。
例句 I have to practice playing the piano.
我不得不练习弹钢琴。
例 In order to win the first place in the contest,he practiced the English song, but he found it difficult the lyrics.
A.to sing;to remember B.to sing;remembering
C.singing;to remember D.singing;remembering
解析 practice doing sth.练习做某事;find it+adj.+10sth.发现做某事······,故选C。
答案 C
24.prefer v.更喜欢,宁愿
考点①prefer...to...比起······更喜欢②prefer to do sth. 宁愿做某事;③prefer doing sth.to doing sth.喜欢做某事胜过做某事;④prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事;⑤prefer的过去式、过去分词和现在分词都要双写“r”。
例句 They preferred to walk rather than ride a bike.他们更愿意步行而不是骑自行车。
例 -How about going shopping this weekend,Peter?
-Sorry.I prefer____rather than_______.
A.to stay at home;go out B.to go out;stay at home
C.staying at home;go out D.going out;stay at home
解析 prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做某事,由答语中的Sorry可知选A。
答案 A
25.prepare v.准备,预备
考点prepare for sth.为某事做准备;prepare to do sth.准备做某事。
例句 We must prepare the room for the meeting.我们必须为会议准备好房间。
26.present n.礼物,现在;adj.在场的,出席的;v.赠送,送给
考点 ①注意词义;②at present 现在,目前;③表示“出席的”时,不可放在名词前面作定语。
例句 I'm sorry he's out at present.
抱歉,他这会儿出去了。
There were 200 people present at the meeting.
有200人出席会议。
27.prevent v.阻止,制止
考点prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事。
例句 The rain prevented us from coming in time.
这场雨使我们没及时赶来。
28.price n.价格,价钱
考点①What's the price of...?······的价格是多少?这是询问价格的句型;②表示价格的高低用high和low,一般不用dear,expensive,cheap。
例句 What's the price of the shirt? =How much is the shirt
这件衬衣多少钱?
The price of the house is very high.
这座房子的价格很高
29.pride n.骄傲,自豪
考点 take pride in=be proud of为······而自豪。
例句 I take pride in my success.
我为我的成功而自豪。
例 每个中学生都应该为自己感到自豪,因为每个人都有优点。
Every middle school student is supposed to in themselves because each of them has good points.
解析 take pride in 为······而自豪。
答案 take pride
progress n.进步,进展
考点make progress 取得进步。
例句 We are glad he has made such great progress.我们很高兴,他取得了这样大的进步。
31.promise v.承诺,答应;n.诺言,承诺
考点→①promise to do sth.答应做某事;②make a promise 许下诺言;keep a promise 信守诺言;break a promise 违背诺言。
例句 They promise to finish the work next week.
他们答应下星期完成工作。
If you make a promise,you must keep it.
假如你答应了,你就必须做到。
例 The boy promised late for school again.
A.to not be B.not to be
C.not being D.being not
解析 promise not to do sth.答应不做某事,故选B。答案 B
32.protect v.保护
考点 ①protect the environment 保护环境;
②protect...from...保护······免遭······。
例句 You should protect the children from catching a cold.你应该保护孩子们,以免他们感冒。
33.provide v.供给,供应
考点provide sb.with sth. =provide sth. for sb.
为某人提供某物。
例句 The hotel doesn't provide guests with meals.
这家旅馆不给客人提供膳食。
34.public adj.公众的,公共的;n.公众,民众
考点in public 当众,公开地;the public 公众,民众。
例句 I'm not used to speaking in public.
我不习惯当众讲话

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