资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary
Ⅰ.写重点词汇
1．senior adj.(地位、水平或级别)高的，高级的
2．campus n．校园
3．facility n．设施
4．moment n．某一时刻
5．author n．作者，作家
6．engine n．发动机，引擎
7．panic n．惊恐，惊慌
8．poster n．海报
9．drama n．戏剧
10．band n．乐队，乐团
11．debate n．讨论，辩论
12．gym n．体育馆，健身房
13．piano n．钢琴
14．stage n．舞台
15．inner adj.(想法或情感)未表达出来的，隐藏的，内心的
16．topic n．话题，论题
17．gain v．获得，赢得
18．schedule n．计划表，进度表，日程表
19．award n．奖，奖赏
20．opportunity n．机会，时机
21．view n．(一次)观看
22．former adj.从前的
23．sight n．看到，看见
24．figure v．认为，以为
25．particular n．细节
26．journal n．日记，日志
27．junior adj.低年级的
28．struggle v．奋斗，拼搏
29．forward adv.向前
30．committee n．委员会
31．rate v．对……作评估，评价
32．exchange v．交流(信息、想法等)
33．senior high 高中
34．one by one 依次地，一个接一个地
35．butterflies in one’s stomach 情绪紧张，心里发慌
36．in panic 惊慌地
37．go all out 全力以赴，竭尽全力
38．in particular 尤其，特别
39．refer to 参考，查阅；提到，谈到
40．look forward to (兴奋地)期待，盼望
41．depend on/upon 依赖；依靠；取决于
42．make the most of 充分利用
43．be about to do sth 即将做某事
44．deal with 处理；应对
Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇
1．curious adj.好奇的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲
2．impression n．印象，感想→impress vt.给……留下深刻的好印象→impressive adj.令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的
3．tradition n．传统；风俗→traditional adj.传统的
4．eagerness n．热切，渴望→eager adj.渴望的；渴求的→eagerly adv.热切地；渴望地
5．explore v．考察，探险→exploration n．探险；探索；探测→explorer n．探险家
6．collection n．作品集；收集物；(一批)收藏品→collect vt.收集；收藏→collector n．收藏家，收集者
7．organise v．组织→organiser n．组织者→organisation n．组织→organised adj.有组织的；有条理的；有秩序的
8．breathe v．呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.上气不接下气的
9．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的
10．pressure n．压力→press v．按；压；逼迫 n．报刊
11．calm adj.镇静的，沉着的→calmness n．冷静，镇静；平静
12．description n．描述，描写，叙述，形容→describe v．描述；描绘
13．confident adj.有信心的，自信的→confidently adv.自信地→confidence n．自信心；信任
14．argue v．争论，争辩→argument n．争论，争辩
15．sharp adj.锋利的；敏锐的，聪明的→sharpen v．使尖锐；变锋利→sharply adv.急剧地；鲜明地；严厉地
16．intelligent adj.有智慧的，聪明的→intelligence n．智慧
17．investigate v．查明，调查→investigation n．调查
18．various adj.各种各样的，各种不同的→variety n．多样性，种类→vary v．变化；相异，不同
19．volunteer n．志愿者，义务工作者，自愿参加者 v．自愿做→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；无偿的
20．apply v．申请→application n．申请→applicant n．申请者
21．subscribe v．订阅(报纸或杂志)→subscription n．订阅，订购；(杂志等的)订阅费
22．graduate v．毕业→graduation n．毕业
23．frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的→frightening adj.令人恐惧的→frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬→fright n．恐惧，害怕
24．select v．挑选，选择→selection n．挑选，选择；选拔
25．specific adj.具体的，特定的→specifically adv.具体地，专门地
26．refer v．参考，查阅；提到，谈到→reference n．参考，查阅
27．memorise vt.记住，熟记→memory n．记忆力；记忆→memorial n．纪念碑(或像等)；纪念品 adj.纪念的
28．improve v．改进，改善→improvement n．改善；改进
29．performance n．(工作或活动中的)表现→perform v．表现；表演→performer n．表演者
Ⅲ.认阅读词汇
1．A butterfly is a flying insect with a long thin body and four large and brightly coloured wings.n.蝴蝶 n．昆虫
2．He nudged me and whispered，“Look who’s just come in.”v.(用肘)轻推
3．Other sports like tennis and badminton are also great for relaxing tired eyes.n.羽毛球
4．Her hobbies include hiking，skateboarding and photography.n.滑板运动 n．摄影
5．No one knows exactly why the dinosaurs died out.n.恐龙
6．Whales and dolphins are still being killed for commercial profit.n.海豚
7．I would appreciate it a lot if you can give me some hints on this matter.n.有益的建议
8．It was on the Orientation Day that we first met and became lifelong friends since.迎新日
9．Soon the rain stopped，the sun came out，and a rainbow appeared in the sky.n.彩虹
10．It’s a really neat movie and I strongly recommend it to you.adj.好的，令人愉快的
curious adj.好奇的(curiosity n．好奇心；求知欲 curiously adv.好奇地)
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
be curious about...对……感到好奇
out of curiosity出于好奇
with curiosity好奇地
(1)I’m curious to know(know) how many kinds of insects he has collected up to now.
(2)It is children’s nature to be curious about the people and things around them.
(3)He opened the wooden box out of curiosity(curious)，and found it was full of the author’s old photos.
[写作佳句]
(4)我很想得到这个成为我们学校英语协会的志愿者的机会。
I am curious to get the chance to be a volunteer of our school’s English Association.
impression n．印象，感想[impress vt.给……留下深刻的好印象；使铭记；使意识到(重要性或严重性等) impressive adj.令人钦佩的；给人深刻印象的 impressed adj.对……有深刻印象的]
leave/have/make a(n)．..impression on/upon sb 给某人留下一个……的印象
impress sb with sth＝impress sth on/upon sb使某人铭记某事；使某人明白某事物的重要性；某事给某人留下印象
be impressed with/by...对……印象深刻
(1)My first impression(impress) of him was that he was a kind and confident young man.
(2)She impressed the world with her courage and strong eagerness to succeed.
→She impressed her courage and strong eagerness to succeed on/upon the world.
(3)You will surely be impressed with/by these beautiful butterflies.
(4)This is the most impressive(impress) building I have ever seen on my trip to Egypt.
[写作佳句]
(5)他的关于恐龙如何灭绝的演讲给高中生留下了深刻的印象。
His speech about how dinosaurs died out left/had/made a deep impression on/upon the senior high school students.
eagerness n．热切，渴望(eager adj.渴望的，渴求的 eagerly adv.热切地，渴望地)
with eagerness热切地
be eager for sth渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth渴望做某事
(1)The little boy looked at these various candies with eagerness(eager)．
(2)At that moment，all the pupils were eager for a chance to try these new facilities.
(3)There is no doubt that everyone is eager to be admitted(admit) into a key university.
[写作佳句]
(4)学生们渴望找到一个能在短期内提高英语写作水平的好方法。
Students are eager to find a good way to improve their written English in a short time.
breathe v．呼吸(breath n．呼吸；气息；一口气 breathless adj.上气不接下气的)
breathe in吸气
breathe out呼气
out of breath气喘吁吁，上气不接下气
lose one’s breath喘不过气来
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸
take a deep breath深呼吸
用breathe/breath短语的正确形式填空
(1)If you run very fast，you may be out of breath/lose your breath.
(2)Volunteers opened the window and breathed in some fresh air.
(3)Jack took a deep breath and then dived into the freezing water.
(4)We held our breath while Mr Evans was reading the exam results.
[写作佳句]
(5)他冲进房间，红着脸，上气不接下气。
He burst into the room，red-faced and out of breath/breathless.
panic n．惊恐，惊慌 v．(panicked，panicked，panicking)(使)恐慌，(使)惊慌失措
in (a) panic惊慌地
get into a panic陷入惊慌状态
panic over因……而惊慌
panic sb into doing sth使某人(因惊慌)仓促做某事
(1)When people heard the bad news，they ran away from the village in (a) panic.
(2)On seeing the police，the criminal was panicked(panic) into raising his hands.
(3)The man earns a high salary but he still panics over the increasing living cost.
[写作佳句]
(4)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)简陷入了恐慌，她的心跳得如此剧烈，她感觉快要窒息了。
Jane got into a panic，and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly suffocated.
confident adj.有信心的，自信的(confidence n．自信心；信任 confidently adv.自信地)
·be confident about/of (doing) sth对(做)某事有信心
be confident that...对……有信心
·have/show/lose confidence in sb/sth对某人/某事有/失去信心
with confidence 有把握地；自信地
(1)After talking with her teacher，she was more confident about/of the coming exam.
(2)Whatever challenges we are faced with，we always have confidence(confident) in ourselves.
[写作佳句]
(3)尽管面临着各种各样的困难，但我相信我们最终会成功。
Though faced with kinds of difficulties，I am confident that we will succeed in the end.
debate n．& v．讨论，辩论
·have/hold a debate on/about/over sth进行一场关于某事的辩论/讨论
under debate在辩论/讨论中
·debate sth with sb 与某人争论某事
(1)Even though the law is under debate now，it will be passed soon.
[写作佳句]
(2)上周，我们就学生是否应该在学校携带手机进行了一场激烈的辩论。
Last week，we had/held a heated debate on/about/over whether students should carry mobile phones at school.
argue v．争论；辩论；争辩(argument n．争论，争辩)
argue with sb over/about sth因某事与某人争吵/争论
argue for/against据理赞成/反对……
argue that...主张……，认为……
argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做/不做某事
have an argument with sb about/over sth就某事与某人争吵
beyond argument无可争辩
(1)They are arguing with their classmates about/over the solution to the problem.
(2)Most of the members argued for his plan，which made him satisfied.
(3)He had an argument(argue) with his wife yesterday.
(4)I finally argued my good friend into settling down in the city where I lived.
[写作佳句]
(5)上周，我们班就人类是否应该探索外太空进行了一场争论。一些学生认为探索太空将使我们人类受益，而另一些学生则反对这一想法。
Last week our class had an argument about/over whether human beings should explore outer space.Some students argued that exploring space would benefit us humans while others argued against the idea.
apply vt.涂；敷；应用；运用 vi.& vt.申请；请求(application n．申请；应用 applicant n．申请人)
apply to do sth申请做某事
apply (to sb) for sth(向某人)申请某物
apply sth to...把某物应用/涂抹于……
apply to适用于
apply oneself to...专注于……
(1)Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held in our city，I’m writing to apply to be(be) a volunteer.
(2)As the saying goes，“Practice makes perfect.”，so you should apply theory to practice.
(3)It is required that all applicants should hand in their application forms before May 5th.(apply)
[写作佳句]
(4)我写信申请昨天报纸上刊登的职位。在过去的几年里，我一直致力于学习英语，所以我精通英语，适合这份工作。如果您能考虑我的申请我将不胜感激。
I’m writing to apply for the position advertised in yesterday’s newspaper.In the past few years，I have applied myself to studying English，so I have a good command of English and am suitable for the job.I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.
schedule n．进度表；计划表；日程表 vt.安排；预定
on schedule准时；按时间表
ahead of schedule提前
behind schedule迟于预定时间
be scheduled for预定；安排在……
be scheduled to do...预定做……
as scheduled按计划
(1)It is said that the Orientation Day is scheduled for Friday afternoon.
(2)Luckily，we completed the project on schedule or even ahead of schedule with the help of him.
(3)I can’t go with you to the bookstore as scheduled(schedule) because I got injured in my right foot.
[写作佳句]
(4)学生传统国画展览按计划要在5月15日至24日在我们的图书馆二楼举行。
An exhibition of students’ traditional Chinese paintings is scheduled to take place on the second floor of our library from May 15 to May 24.
award n．奖，奖赏 vt.给予；授予
win/receive/get an award for...因……而获奖
award sb sth＝award sth to sb授予某人某物
(1)The actress won the best actress award for her excellent performance.
(2)The Nobel Prize Committee awarded the prize to Tu Youyou for her medical contribution.
[写作佳句]
(3)金牌被授予了第一次参加奥运会的那个女孩。
The gold medal was awarded to the girl who took part in the Olympics for the first time.
view n．(一次)观看；看法；视线；景色 vt.把……视为；观看
come into view看得见；进入视野
in view of考虑到；由于
have a good view of清楚地看到；饱览
in one’s view/from one’s point of view在某人看来/从某人的观点出发
take/hold the view that...持……的观点
view...as...把……看作……
用view短语的正确形式填空
(1)When our car turned the corner，a tall building came into view.
(2)You can have a good view of the beautiful sunrise and sunset from the window.
(3)Both of us take/hold the view that a friend in need is a friend indeed.
[写作佳句]
(4)他诚实且乐于助人，我们都把他当作我们的朋友。
He is honest and helpful，and we all view him as our friend.
graduate v．毕业n.大学毕业生(graduation n．毕业)
graduate from从……毕业
graduate in毕业于……专业
after graduation毕业之后
(1)I graduated in English and have been an English teacher for 20 years.
(2)She was fortunate enough to find a job after she graduated from the university.
(3)We haven’t seen each other after graduation(graduate)．
(4)Many new graduates(graduate) have been given opportunities to exchange ideas with the artist.
[写作佳句]
(5)我很荣幸被邀请在毕业典礼上发表演讲。
It is a great honor for me to be invited to deliver a speech on the graduation ceremony.
sight n．看到，看见；视野；视力；景象
catch sight of看见
lose sight of看不见
at the sight of一看见……(就……)
at first sight初看时
in sight看得见，在视野范围内
out of sight看不见
用sight相关短语的正确形式完成语段
This morning I caught sight of a large crowd of people.At first sight，I thought there might be a car accident.However，when I came near，an injured dog came in sight.I remembered one post from an online friend who said he had lost his pet dog.I immediately contacted the owner and he hurried there soon.He was overjoyed at the sight of that dog.He waved to thank me again and again until my car was out of sight.
refer to 描述；提到，谈到；参考，查阅(reference n．参考，查阅；提及；涉及)
refer to...as...把……称作……
reference books/materials参考书/参考资料
(1)She is referred to as a bookworm because she likes reading very much.
(2)I would appreciate it a lot if you can recommend some practical reference(refer) books to me.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)如果你遇到了你不认识的单词，你可以查阅字典或向他人寻求帮助。
If you meet with the words you don’t know，you can refer to a dictionary or turn to others for help.
look forward to (兴奋地)期待，盼望(to为介词)
look forward有时表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的。
在定语从句中常考查look forward to，其后的动词与to没有任何关系。
带介词“to”的常见短语：
lead to导致；pay attention to注意；be used to习惯于
(1)He looked forward to see(see) who was arguing with the teacher.
(2)The presents the boys had looked forward to were sent(send) to them yesterday.
(3)I am looking forward to getting(get) your advice on how to improve my oral English.
[写作佳句]
(4)如果你能参加我的生日聚会，我将不胜感激。我期待着你的到来。
I would appreciate it if you could make it to my birthday party.I’m looking forward to your coming.
exchange n．交换；交流 vt.交流(信息、想法等)；交易；兑换
exchange student交换生
in exchange (for)作为(对……的)交换
exchange A for B 拿A换B
exchange sth with sb与某人交换某物
(1)The exchange student offered to clean the kitchen in exchange for a week’s stay here.
(2)You’d better exchange your CNY for dollars before going abroad.
(3)I am looking forward to exchanging ideas with you face to face.
[写作佳句]
(4)我真诚地邀请所有的交换生加入这个俱乐部，此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动。
I sincerely invite all the exchange students to join the club，which will organise various activities.
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.一词多义
A．adj.急剧的　B．adj.敏锐的　C．adj.锋利的　D．adv.(……点)整　E．adj.急转的　F．adj.清晰的
1．Be careful.There is a sharp bend around the corner. E
2．She stared at the dolphin with her sharp bright eyes. B
3．All the footprints are quite sharp and clear in the snow. F
4．The volunteers will gather at the school gate at 8：00 sharp tomorrow morning. D
5．She had her finger cut by a sharp knife by accident while she was cutting potatoes. C
6．There has been a sharp decline in the death rate because of the advanced technology. A
A．n.身材，体形　B．n.人物　C．n.数字　D．n.人影　E．n.图表 　F．vt.计算　G．vt.认为
7．I saw a figure approaching in the darkness. D
8．The results have been clearly shown in the third figure. E
9．It will not be long before the inflation figure starts to fall. C
10．I wonder whether you have figured out how much the trip will cost. F
11．(2020·天津)She realized she looked like a child，with her tiny figure. A
12．The movement is supported by key figures from the three main political parties. B
13．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)With the right combination of animals and plants，he figured，maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. G
A．指的是　B．查阅；参考　C．关于；涉及
14．These books refer to Asian problems. C
15．She referred to the last page of the book for answers. B
16．When I say someone is dishonest，it doesn’t refer to you. A
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1．The local theatre group is staging a production of Hamlet.上演
2．The actress is very particular about her clothes.讲究的；挑剔的
3．Nowadays no one will challenge the fact that the earth is round.质疑；对……提出异议
4．Once the rate rises，it never drops back to its previous level.价格；费用
训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：75.5分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
1．I shook hands and exchanged(交流) a few words with the manager.
2．A boy suddenly jumped off the roof，which made me really frightened.
3．I have subscribed(订阅) to several magazines for junior students recently.
4．I dream of living in a mountain because the air is fresh and good to breathe.
5．No matter how many times you fail，you should be confident about yourself.
6．The top one-third of all high school graduates are admitted to the key universities.
7．They are debating(辩论) whether the cars should be forbidden to enter the campus.
8．After arriving at the village，the scientists set about exploring(探索) the old houses.
9．I would appreciate it a lot if you could give me the golden opportunity to work in your firm.
10．The girl was awarded the prize for her excellent performance in the skateboarding competition.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．They finally made a decision after a heated argument(argue)．
2．The letter wasn’t addressed to me，but I opened it out of curiosity(curious)．
3．At that moment，your brother was so angry that we couldn’t calm him down.
4．I am writing to apply to be a volunteer in the charity organization(organize)．
5．After graduation(graduate)，she went to the south and became an author there.
6．Eating fish can do good to people’s health，particularly(particular) to the heart.
7．His calmness(calm) and bravery in face of dangers struck all of us deeply.
8．My first impression was that the team didn’t perform well under pressure(press)．
9．We decided to conduct an investigation(investigate) into the cause of the accident.
10．In his report he referred to the fact that millions of people were struggling for survival.
11．This report offered the most specific and accurate description(describe) of the problem.
12．There is still room for improvement(improve) in your work，so make a schedule and work harder.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Going from middle school to high school can be difficult，as students are faced with new academic and social challenges.Before the first day of high school，there are things every soon-to-be high school freshman and his family should know.
People that have a fixed mindset(思维倾向) believe that they are born to be great or weak.On the other hand，people that have a growth mindset believe that their greatness or weakness is because of their own actions.I totally agree that students should have a growth mindset.I don’t expect any student to move from just passing a subject to an A＋.It’s going to take time and focused effort; just keep working on it.
Parents should prepare students to fight the battle “on the pillow” and “in the kitchen”．When I say “pillow”，I mean sleep.Not having enough sleep can have some surprising effects on students，including improper behaviour，anxiety and poor grades.The second weapon is eating healthy and balanced meals.Studies show that students who eat nutritious meals and who exercise 60 minutes a day remain more attentive(专心的) during the school day and experience improved academic achievement and grades.This last “secret” weapon is not to have over-scheduled time.Make sure students know how to set realistic plans and how to say no to tasks and activities that aren’t important to them.
A lot of students who know each other from primary and middle school are in their “comfort zones”，feeling they have a sense of control over and expectations of their relationships.Then comes the first real day of high school，and that will all change.The reason why I encourage high school freshmen to step out of their comfort zones，though often scary，is that comfort zones get boring and there are many kinds of people to get to know.Let’s encourage them to get involved，have fun and play.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学生从初中升入高中时可能会面临新的学业和社交挑战，作者就如何应对这些挑战给出了一些建议。
1．Which of the following represents a fixed mindset
A．I’m at the starting point of my potential.
B．My mother is not good at chemistry either.
C．I should start studying a little earlier next time.
D．It’s okay if I fail; at least I’ve learnt something.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，有固化的思维倾向的人认为他们的强或弱是与生俱来的，B项“我妈妈也不擅长化学”的意思是：我的化学不好，其实是与生俱来的弱项，所以B项代表一种固化的思维倾向。故选B。
2．What might the author encourage parents to do
A．To prepare healthy meals for their kids.
B．To praise their kids when they do well in school.
C．To take their kids to visit their grandparents often.
D．To buy soft pillows for their kids to have a good rest.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The second weapon is eating healthy and balanced meals.”可知，作者可能会鼓励家长们为他们的孩子准备健康的食物。故选A。
3．What is the third weapon mainly about
A．Enjoying good health.
B．Acquiring the ability to say no.
C．Balancing schoolwork and play.
D．Developing time management skills.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“This last ‘secret’ weapon is not to have over-scheduled time.Make sure students know how to set realistic plans and how to say no to tasks and activities that aren’t important to them.”可知，第三条建议主要是培养时间管理技能。故选D。
4．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to
A．The expectation of future.
B．The value of friendship.
C．The feeling that they have control over relationships.
D．The feeling that they become helpless.
答案　C
解析　代词指代题。根据画线词所在句前的“A lot of students who know...feeling they have a sense of control over and expectations of their relationships.”可知，that应指代前文提到的情况，即“处在舒适区里，感觉自己对人际关系有控制感和期望”。故选C。
B
Chinese high schools differ from American high schools in many ways.
The class structure(结构) is different.Students have each class in a different room with a different set of classmates in America，while Chinese students remain in the same classroom all day.
In addition to the structural difference，Chinese high schools also differ from American high schools in the college application process(大学申请过程) that students undergo.
In the United States，colleges use an application system that considers a student’s high school grades，standardized test scores，after-school activities，teacher recommendations，and often a personal interview.Usually，the last few months of senior year has little work.
The Chinese college admission process is very different.College acceptance is depended on standardized examinations held once a year at the end of each school year.Although students take tests at the end of their first and second years of high school，the test that really matters is the exam taken at the end of their final year of high school.
The main way in which Chinese and American high schools differ is in the way information is taught.
In America，personal expression is valued heavily.Many classes are based on discussion of the material，and teachers expect students to join in this dialogue，so the classroom can become noisy.Classroom participation(参与)，meaning how a student contributes to the class discussion，is an important part of a student’s grade，so a student who works hard but never speaks up could receive a lower grade as a result.
Chinese classrooms do not place this same importance on classroom participation.Class is based on the teacher talking and the students listening quietly.Respect(尊敬) for teachers is far more important.When a student is asked to speak，he or she is expected to stand.This classroom is more formal and respectful.But it also means less communication between the teacher and students.
5．What is the class structure for students in America
A．They have one teacher.
B．They study in the same classroom.
C．They have different classmates and classrooms.
D．They have the same classmates.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段“The class structure(结构)is different.Students have each class in a different room with a different set of classmates in America...”可知，美国的课堂结构是学生在不同的教室与不同的同学一起学习。故选C。
6．What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about
A．Different class structures.
B．The way information is taught.
C．How to get high marks in the final year of high school.
D．The differences of the college application process between America and China.
答案　D
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段的“Chinese high schools also differ from American high schools in the college application process(大学申请过程) that students undergo”和第四段、第五段内容可知，第四段和第五段主要讲中美两国大学申请过程的不同。故选D。
7．How can a student most probably get a high mark in an American class
A．By being noisy.
B．By being active in class discussion.
C．By having respect for teachers.
D．By working hard and not speaking.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第七段的“In America...Classroom participation(参与)，meaning how a student contributes to the class discussion，is an important part of a student’s grade”可推断，在美国课堂上，学生最有可能通过积极参与课堂讨论得高分。故选B。
8．How does the author develop the text
A．By comparing the differences.
B．By following time order.
C．By presenting research findings.
D．By listing numbers.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。通读全文尤其是第一段“Chinese high schools differ from American high schools in many ways.”可知，作者是通过对比中美两国高中的差异来展开全文的。故选A。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
(2024·陕西渭南高一期中)
If you have a hard time getting along with your teachers，going to class can be a nightmare(噩梦)．So here are some tips to help you build a friendly relationship with almost all the teachers.
Talk to your teachers.In many cases，a short discussion can clear up the entire conflict.Ask your teachers if it is convenient for them to talk in private. 1 If you appear angry or unhappy in front of them，the conflict is unlikely to be solved.
2 Teachers have many years of teaching experience in the subjects they teach.So discussing the best ways to succeed in the classroom may give you the opportunity to see the best instructors.
Learn to understand their teaching methods. 3 If you are used to a very relaxing class，learning to be successful in a strict environment is difficult and vice versa(反之亦然)．In most cases，it is necessary to give yourself some time to get used to a new teaching method.
Ask about your teachers’ hobbies.If you know about one of their hobbies，you can talk about it with them.And you can try to find if you have something in common. 4
Learn why your teachers choose to teach.Approach the teachers at an appropriate(适当的) time before or after class，not during class.Consider saying something like，“I’ve always wondered why people become teachers. 5 Why did you decide to teach？”
A．It seems to be a difficult job.
B．Ask your teachers how you can do well in class.
C．Join in activities with your teachers after school.
D．Always be polite and show respect in a conversation.
E．A way to discover the positive side of things is to keep diaries.
F．A shared interest may help you see your teachers from a different viewpoint.
G．Sometimes，you may not like some teachers because of their ways of teaching.
1．答案　D
解析　根据下文“If you appear angry or unhappy in front of them，the conflict is unlikely to be solved.”可推断出在老师面前要表现得友好才能解决问题，故D选项“在交谈中要始终有礼貌并表现出尊重”符合题意，故选D。
2．答案　B
解析　根据本段下文内容可知老师有很多教学经验，所以要学会跟老师讨论如何在课堂上表现好，B选项“问问你的老师你怎样才能在课堂上做得好”引领本段，符合语境，故选B。
3．答案　G
解析　根据段首句可知这段是建议学会理解老师的教学方法。下文举例说明在不习惯的课堂氛围中学习更辛苦，并建议给自己时间去适应老师的讲课方式。G选项“有时候，你可能因为一些老师的教学方法而不喜欢他们”和下文紧密相连，故选G。
4．答案　F
解析　根据本段上文可知本段主要是讲了解老师的爱好，找出共同的兴趣，这样能帮助你更好地了解老师，故F选项“共同的兴趣爱好可以帮助你从不同的角度看待老师”符合题意，故选F。
5．答案　A
解析　上文“I’ve always wondered why people become teachers.”举例说明问老师为什么会选择这份工作，空处要补充说明一下老师工作的性质，所以A选项“这似乎是一项困难的工作”符合题意，故选A。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
Students at Dashui Primary School in Xinjian Town，Zunyi City，Guizhou Province，set up 1.___________ rock band to realize their musical dreams，thanks 2. China’s “double reduction” policies to reduce the heavy burden on students.
On Nov.9,2021，students and teachers of the school 3. (cheerful) enjoyed the band’s 4. (perform) at the playground.
The band,5. was set up in October,2021，was originally made up of seven students from different grades，with a vocalist，a drummer，a keyboardist，a bass player 6._____________ three guitarists.
“Their talent and dreams are likely 7. (give) them wings that could drive them to fly away from the mountains，” said Fan Biao，an instructor for the students，who graduated in 2019 and 8. (apply) to serve as a teacher in a special posting(派驻) at Dashui Primary School.
“Last term，the average score of our school ranked 9. (one) in the final exam of the primary school group in the county.The facts have shown that students were motivated after 10.____________(carry) out the ‘double reduction’ policies，” said Fan.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了由于中国的“双减”政策减轻了学生的沉重负担，贵州省遵义市新建镇大水完小的学生成立了摇滚乐队来实现他们的音乐梦想。
1．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。根据句意可知，大水完小的学生们组建了一支摇滚乐队，所以空处需用不定冠词，空后为发音以辅音音素开头的单词，所以要用不定冠词a。故填a。
2．答案　to
解析　考查固定短语。根据句意可知，此处表示“多亏”，应用固定短语thanks to。故填to。
3．答案　cheerfully
解析　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词enjoyed，所以要用副词。故填cheerfully。
4．答案　performance
解析　考查名词。根据空前的名词所有格可知，空处需填名词。perform为动词“表演”，其名词形式为performance。故填performance。
5．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The band，指物，且在从句中作主语。故填which。
6．答案　and
解析　考查连词。空前的“a vocalist，a drummer，a keyboardist，a bass player”和空后的“three guitarists”是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。
7．答案　to give
解析　考查非谓语动词。固定短语be likely to do sth“可能做某事”。故填to give。
8．答案　applied
解析　考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个谓语动词，根据graduated可知，句子为一般过去时。故填applied。
9．答案　first
解析　考查序数词。根据句意可知，该校的平均成绩排名第一，所以空处要用序数词。故填first。
10．答案　carrying
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本空前的after为介词，所以需要用动名词作宾语。故填carrying。Section Ⅲ　Understanding ideas
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．A new English teacher.
B．How to make a self-introduction.
C．How to face challenges at school.
D．A good beginning to the new school life.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．Which of the following can be used to replace the word “pictured” in paragraph 1
A．Drew. B．Painted.
C．Imagined. D．Described.
答案　C
2．What can we learn from the sentence “With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.”？
A．Meng Hao was too nervous then.
B．Meng Hao was too hungry then.
C．Meng Hao suffered from a stomachache.
D．Some butterflies flew into Meng Hao’s stomach.
答案　A
3．What made everyone laugh when Meng Hao was introducing himself
A．His humorous words.
B．His strange behaviour.
C．That he shared the same name with his English teacher.
D．That he stood there quietly without saying a word to the whole class.
答案　C
4．What does the word “this” in paragraph 7 most probably refer to
A．Doing homework.
B．Making a self-introduction.
C．Playing with butterflies.
D．Getting along with new classmates.
答案　B
5．What type of text is this passage
A．A short novel. B．A diary.
C．A long poem. D．A report.
答案　B
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
Meng Hao was a senior one student.Before the new term started，he 1.had pictured(picture) the senior life many times in his mind.2.On the first day，he woke up early and rushed to the new school in his 3.eagerness(eager)．On campus，Meng Hao was looking at the noticeboard 4.when a white-haired man approached and talked to him.And later he was 5.surprised(surprise) to find the man was his English teacher.In the first English class，the teacher asked them to introduce 6.themselves(they) to the class.The teacher introduced himself 7.first(one)．Meng Hao was too nervous 8.to notice(notice) this.When he began to introduce his name，everyone started laughing because he shared 9.the same name with his teacher.Mr Meng told them it wasn’t easy to do that for many of them and also encouraged them to keep calm in face of 10.challenges(challenge) and be prepared for them.Meng Hao felt more confident about his future.
Ⅰ.补句子　析结构
1．After I had pictured(picture) it over and over again in my mind，the big day finally arrived.(P2 Para.1)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句，After引导时间状语从句；over and over again意为“一次又一次；反复”。
汉语翻译：我在脑海中进行了无数次的想象之后，如今这一天终于来了。
2．The campus was still quiet when I arrived，so I decided to explore(explore) a bit.(P2 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为so连接的并列复合句，when引导时间状语从句。
汉语翻译：我来到学校时，四周还是一片寂静，我决定四处探索一番。
3．Turning around，I saw a white-haired man(白发老人)．(P2 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为简单句，Turning around是现在分词短语作状语，表示分词动作与主语I是主动关系。
汉语翻译：我转过身，看到一位白发老人。
4．I’m wondering what life is going to be like here.(P3 Para.2)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句，what引导的宾语从句作wondering的宾语。life是从句中的主语，what是连接代词，在从句中作like的宾语。
汉语翻译：我正在想这里的生活将是怎么样的。
5．When my English teacher stepped(step) into the classroom，I was surprised to see the same man I had met earlier.(P3 Para.3)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句，When引导时间状语从句；I had met earlier是省略了引导词that的定语从句。
汉语翻译：当我的英语老师走进教室时，我惊讶地发现，他就是我之前遇到的那位老人。
6．Although I was embarrassed(embarrass)，his words made me a lot more relaxed！(P4 Para.6)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句；Although引导让步状语从句。主句使用了“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，意为“使……处于某种状态”，其中，me是宾语，形容词relaxed作宾语补足语。a lot修饰比较级more relaxed。
汉语翻译：尽管有些尴尬，老师的话还是让我放松了很多！
7．But this is just the kind of thing you are going to face at senior high.(P4 Para.7)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句； you are going to face at senior high是省略了引导词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词thing。
汉语翻译：但这种情况正是大家在高中阶段将要面对的。
Ⅱ.研典句　学用法
be doing...when... 正在做……这时……
I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me.(P2 Para.2)
我正在浏览公告牌上的照片，身后忽然传来一个声音。
I was organising my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge.(P3 Para.5)
我正忙着在脑海中组织语言，坐在我旁边的女孩轻轻推了我一下。
结构分析：以上两句中均包含了“be doing...when...”句型，意为“正在做……，这时……”。when用作并列连词，表示“这时/那时”。
———————————————————————————————————————— sb be doing sth when...句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这(那)时……”，其中when为并列连词，意为“这(那)时”，相当于and at this/that time。
when用作并列连词，意为“这时”的句型还有：
be about to do...when...正要做……这时……
be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时……
had just done...when...刚做了……这时……
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)Tom was about to close the window when his attention was caught by an insect.
→Tom was on the point of closing the window when his attention was caught by an insect.
(2)我和儿子正在吃晚饭，这时有人敲门。
I was having dinner with my son when there was a knock at the door.
(3)昨晚我刚完成家庭作业，这时我的妈妈让我练习弹钢琴。
I had just finished my homework when my mother asked me to practise playing the piano last night.
with 复合结构
With butterflies in my stomach，I breathed deeply.(P4 Para.6)
我心里七上八下、紧张万分，深吸了一口气。
结构分析：此处为“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句中作原因状语；butterflies是宾语；介词短语in my stomach是宾语补足语。
———————————————————————————————————————— “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，此结构在句中常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，可位于句首或句尾，亦可作后置定语。
常见的with复合结构的形式有：
with＋宾语＋形容词/副词/介词短语
with＋宾语＋doing(表示主动、进行)
with＋宾语＋done(表示被动、完成)
with＋宾语＋to do(表示未做)
———————————————————————————————————————— (1)他筋疲力尽，穿着衣服躺在床上。
Exhausted and tired，he was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
(2)汤姆扑到他母亲的怀里，眼里涌出羞愧(shame)的泪水。
Tom threw himself into his mother’s arms，with tears of shame welling up in his eyes.
(3)他在我的房间里坐了几分钟，眼睛盯着墙上的海报。
He sat in my room for a few minutes with his eyes fixed on the poster on the wall.
(4)有这么多工作要完成，我们将不得不加班。
With so much work to finish，we will have to work extra hours.
课文重点词块默写
1．反复地；一再over and over again
2．睡醒，醒来wake up
3．冲出rush out of
4．渴望做某事in one’s eagerness to do sth
5．决定做某事decide to do sth
6．转身turn around/round
7．白发老人a white-haired man
8．查明，弄清；发现find out
9．走进step into
10．依次地，一个接一个地one by one
11．把某人介绍给……introduce sb to...
12．打开，启动turn on
13．留下良好的第一印象make a good first impression
14．我旁边的女孩the girl next to me
15．轻推了一下某人give sb a nudge
16．轮到某人做某事It’s one’s turn to do sth
17．情绪紧张，心里发慌butterflies in one’s stomach
18．惊慌地in panic
19．专心，注意pay attention (to)
20．做得好(常用来夸某人某事做得好)well done
21．在高中at senior high
22．使某人处于压力之下put sb under pressure
23．取决于；依靠depend on/upon
24．保持镇静keep calm
25．充分利用make the most of
26．好的开始是成功的一半。Well begun，half done.
27．一个良好的开端a good beginning
训练2　Understanding ideas　[分值：50分]
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分)
(应用文写作——自我介绍)
1．我们第一次进入教室时，被要求在全班同学面前作自我介绍。(introduce oneself)
The first time we entered the classroom，we were asked to introduce ourselves in front of the class.
2．我想给我的新同学和老师留下好印象。(make an impression on)
I wanted to make a good impression on my new classmates and teachers.
3．我正在思考说些什么，这时轮到我作自我介绍了。(be doing...when...)
I was thinking about what to say when it was my turn to introduce myself.
4．我忐忑不安地走上讲台。(with复合结构)
With butterflies in my stomach，I stepped on the platform.
5．我相信这是我新生活的一个良好开端，我会在这里取得巨大进步。(a good beginning)
I was confident that it was a good beginning to my new life and I would make great progress here.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
The first time we entered the classroom，we were asked to introduce ourselves in front of the class.
I wanted to make a good impression on my new classmates and teachers.So I decided to seize the chance and make myself stand out through this self-introduction.I was thinking about what to say when it was my turn to introduce myself.With butterflies in my stomach，I stepped on the platform.Fortunately，my introduction was well received by the classmates and teachers.I was confident that it was a good beginning to my new life and I would make great progress here.
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
A recent report from a United Nations group warns that using technology in classes may not help as much as many people believe.It says that technology can be helpful，but it shouldn’t be the focus.Instead，technology should be used to support learning.“Too much attention on technology in education usually comes at a high cost，” the report says.
Technology changes so fast that it’s hard to study how it really influences students.The new report says that many of the studies showing that technology helps students come from rich countries and that some of the studies supporting technology come from companies that sell technology to schools.
As classes moved online，the use of technology in education grew even more quickly.Many students were forced to study at home，using video calls to communicate with their teachers.But the report points out that around 500 million students were unable to take part in online classes.That’s a larger problem.People and countries with less money are often left out.
It is true that technology can help in many ways，like allowing students to learn in more interesting ways，helping teachers explain difficult ideas and helping students with special needs.But it can also be very distracting(分散注意力的)．When students use phones in class，it can disturb(扰乱)their learning.One study that was carried out in 14 countries showed that even just having a smartphone nearby can be distracting.Even so，only less than 25% of the world’s countries don’t allow students to use phones in schools.
The report suggests that the best way to learn is still to work closely with teachers.Working with other classmates also helps students learn.Most schools should spend more money on things like books，classrooms，and teachers.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。一份来自联合国组织的报告指出，课堂中科技手段应该发挥教学辅助作用而不是核心作用。
1．What is the goal of the new UN report
A．To stress the importance of digital technology.
B．To improve how technology is used in education.
C．To encourage more schools to use technology in class.
D．To pay more attention to the development of technology.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段的“It says that technology can be helpful，but it shouldn’t be the focus.Instead，technology should be used to support learning.”可推知，新的报告旨在改进技术在教育中的应用。故选B。
2．What is a relatively bigger problem for online class
A．Students cannot fully focus their attention.
B．The Internet speed is much slower in many homes.
C．Schools have to spend extra money on the Internet.
D．The advantages of technology fail to be shared fairly.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段的“But the report points out that...People and countries with less money are often left out.”可知，在线课堂面临的一个相对较大的问题是技术的好处没有被公平分配，很多贫困学生不能参与在线课程。故选D。
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text
A．A recent UN report says that technology should not be used in classrooms.
B．One study showed that over a quarter of the world’s countries mustn’t use phones in schools.
C．The UN report says that the best way to learn is working with teachers instead of working with classmates.
D．Technology can have influence both in good and bad ways.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段的前四句话“It is true that technology can help in many ways...can be distracting.”可知，技术既有好的也有坏的影响。故选D。
4．What is the best title of the text
A．A UN Group Calls for Limit on Technology in Schools
B．Countries Work Together to Improve Education
C．Technology Plays an Important Role in Our Life
D．Smartphones Help Students a Lot in Online Learning
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据第一段内容可知，文章主要讲述了一个联合国组织的报告强调科技手段在课堂上的合理应用，要注重改善教学不应该关注技术本身，因此A项(一个联合国组织呼吁在学校限制科技)概括文章内容，可以作为标题。故选A。
B
Are you worried about moving up to Senior High school It can be a new experience，but you shouldn’t worry about it.We’ve put together a guide on how to survive the first week.
You’re not alone! Remember everybody else in your year is on the same boat. They may not realize it，but they’re just as nervous as you are.Moving to Senior High school is an opportunity，not a problem.Things are different and all you need to do is be polite and learn the new rules.
Teachers are ready to help! If you’re unsure what to do or are worried about anything then you had better ask for help.Teachers are probably the best people to turn to as they’re experienced in helping new students.Some Senior High schools also have a “friends system”．If your school has this，then you will be paired with an older student.They will look out for you and help you if you have any problems or questions.
All change.There are lots of differences between Junior High school and Senior High school.You’ll have a homework diary or a student planner.You will have your lessons with different teachers in different rooms.You will have homework for different subjects on different days，so make sure that you get organized.Make sure that you have a copy of your school timetable which is written down so you know which rooms your classes are in and on which days you will have your different subjects.
Other points.If you’ve got an elder brother or sister at the school，you’d better ask them for advice.
Be yourself! It sounds simple，but people will know you much better if you just act naturally.
Having early nights makes a difference and you’ll find it easier to get up in the morning!
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。很多人都害怕进高中。这只是一种经历，没必要担心。文章就怎么过高中的第一周给出了一些建议。
5．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence
A．Other students have similar feelings to yours.
B．Other students have to learn boating with you.
C．Other students will help you solve your problems.
D．Other students will teach you politeness and new rules.
答案　A
解析　句意猜测题。由画线部分前后的“You’re not alone！”和“they’re just as nervous as you are”可知，画线部分的意思是“其他学生也有和你类似的感受。”故选A。
6．Why should the new students turn to teachers first when having problems
A．Teachers won’t blame them as parents do.
B．Teachers are good at helping solve problems.
C．Teachers are equal to every student.
D．Parents are too busy to help them.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由第三段中的“Teachers are probably the best people to turn to as they’re experienced in helping new students.”可知，新生有问题时最好先向老师求助是因为老师善于帮助新生解决问题。故选B。
7．According to paragraph 4，which of the following items is useful for new students
A．School timetable. B．A nice pen.
C．A personal diary. D．An iPad.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Make sure that you have a copy of your school timetable...on which days you will have your different subjects.”可知，学校时间表很有用。故选A。
8．What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To tell students the importance of learning.
B．To warn students not to ignore friendship in Senior High school.
C．To make a difference to students moving up to a university.
D．To help new students to get used to the life in Senior High school.
答案　D
解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据第一段“Are you worried about moving up to Senior High school...a guide on how to survive the first week.”可知，本文的目的是帮新生习惯高中生活。故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分)
(2024·陕西高一期中)
Emma is a lively girl.She joined the school’s dance club as soon as she 1 high school.She had heard lots of 2 about high school clubs and had always been curious and eager to join one.
As the school’s 100th anniversary(周年纪念日)drew near，Emma’s club needed to perform at the celebration.Emma was both excited and 3 when she knew she had been 4 to be one of the performers.Emma wasn’t used to performing 5 .However，her teammates’ encouragement gave her hope，and her 6 improved.
The day finally came.Emma 7 her dance moves over and over again in her mind when she and the team were 8 backstage.Then，they stepped onto the stage one by one.With butterflies in her stomach，Emma began to dance. 9 ，she stumbled(绊脚) and fell.At that very moment，she could hardly breathe and her heart was racing like a 10 rabbit.The audience(观众) saw that in surprise，but soon they 11 Emma.
With her teammates’ help，Emma picked herself up and 12 to dance with calmness.Then the team went all out for the show，and the audience were impressed by them.
When it was all over，the audience 13 the performers with cheers and praise.Emma was 14 for the love and support from her teammates and the audience.She realized that bravely facing fears and challenges are necessary 15 to have.Surely，she will remember the experience forever.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了艾玛在校庆上的舞蹈表演中不小心摔倒了，队友和观众们并没有抱怨，而是鼓励她，最后她和队友们成功地完成了表演，并获得了不错的反响。
1．A.started B．finished
C．left D．passed
答案　A
解析　start开始；finish完成；leave离开；pass经过。根据下文“She had heard lots of ________ about clubs and had always been hoping to join one.”可知，她一上高中就加入了学校的舞蹈社团。故选A。
2．A.experiences B．dreams
C．descriptions D．situations
答案　C
解析　experience经历；dream梦想；description描述；situation状况。根据空前的“heard”以及下文“and had always been hoping to join one”可推知，她听过很多关于高中社团的描述，心生向往。故选C。
3．A.surprised B．annoyed
C．bored D．nervous
答案　D
解析　surprised吃惊的；annoyed生气的；bored无聊的；nervous紧张的。根据空前的“excited”以及下文“when she knew she had been to be one of the performers”可推知，艾玛知道自己被选为表演者之一时，既兴奋又紧张。故选D。
4．A.chosen B．proved
C．found D．expected
答案　A
解析　choose选择；prove证明；expect期待。根据上文提到的她既兴奋又紧张，以及下文“to be one of the performers”可知，艾玛被选为表演者之一。故选A。
5．A.in exchange B．in public
C．in pairs D．in secret
答案　B
解析　in exchange作为交换；in public公开地；in pairs成对；in secret秘密地。根据上文“Emma’s club needed to perform at the celebration”说明社团要在校庆上表演可推知，此处指艾玛不习惯在公众场合表演。故选B。
6．A.interest B．health
C．skill D．confidence
答案　D
解析　interest兴趣；health健康；skill技术；confidence信心。根据上文“her teammates’ encouragement gave her hope”可知，队友的鼓励给了她希望，所以她的信心增加了。故选D。
7．A.imagined B．designed
C．practiced D．learned
答案　C
解析　imagine想象；design设计；practice练习；learn学习。根据下文“her dance moves over and over again in her mind”以及backstage可知，在后台她在脑海里一遍又一遍地练习她的舞步。故选C。
8．A.waiting B．performing
C．talking D．organising
答案　A
解析　wait等待；perform表演；talk说话；organise组织。根据上文提到的她在脑海里一遍又一遍地练习她的舞步以及下文“backstage”可知，此处指艾玛和团队在后台等待的时候。故选A。
9．A.Quickly B．Clearly
C．Suddenly D．Beautifully
答案　C
解析　quickly快速地；clearly清楚地；suddenly突然地；beautifully漂亮地。根据语境以及下文“she stumbled(绊脚) and fell”可知，她绊了一下跌倒了是一种突发情况，此处应表示突然。故选C。
10．A.dead B．frightened
C．wounded D．cute
答案　B
解析　dead死的；frightened害怕的；wounded受伤的；cute可爱的。根据上文“she stumbled(绊脚) and fell”可知艾玛在舞台上摔倒了，心跳得很快，像一只惊慌的兔子。故选B。
11．A.cheered on B．put on
C．turned on D．went on
答案　A
解析　cheer on鼓励，为某人打气；put on上演；turn on打开；go on继续。根据上文“The audience(观众) saw that in surprise”和下文的but可知，观众一开始惊讶地看着这一幕，但是很快就为艾玛加油打气，鼓励她，上下文形成转折关系。故选A。
12．A.stopped B．failed
C．forgot D．continued
答案　D
解析　fail失败；continue继续。根据上文“With her teammates’ help，Emma picked herself up”可知， 在队友们的帮助下，艾玛站了起来，镇定地继续跳舞。故选D。
13．A.trusted B．showered
C．troubled D．revised
答案　B
解析　trust信任；shower大量地给；trouble使麻烦；revise复习，修正。根据下文“with cheers and praise”可知，此处表示观众给予表演者一片欢呼和赞扬。故选B。
14．A.famous B．suitable
C．thankful D．responsible
答案　C
解析　famous有名的；suitable合适的；thankful感谢的；responsible负责的。根据下文“for the love and support from her teammates and the audience”可知，对于队友和观众的爱和支持，艾玛表示感谢。故选C。
15．A.qualities B．views
C．styles D．topics
答案　A
解析　quality品质；view观点；style方式；topic话题。根据上文“bravely facing fears and challenges”可知，勇敢地面对恐惧和挑战是一种必备的品质。故选A。Section Ⅳ　Grammar
阅读以下短文，感知画线的句子，并把句子序号写在下面方框中相应的句子结构后面
Setting goals is the first step in achieving them.①The tips below may help you.
Set goals that can be achieved.Don’t push yourself to achieve more than what is possible.Instead，you should set goals based on your abilities and skills.
Break big goals down into small ones.When you do so，②they will seem easier to reach.You will be proud of yourself when you realize each small goal.③This will also give you the encouragement to achieve your long-term goal.
Write your goals on paper.It is a good idea to put your goals where you can see them.④You can place the list on your bedside table.Or you can stick it on your bedroom wall.This will remind you what you are working for and keep you focused.
After you set a goal，it is important to stick to it and work hard towards it.⑤You may find achieving goals difficult.But ⑥you should not give up.Instead，stay positive and confident.⑦You will succeed in the end.⑧There will be many chances for you in the future.
[自主发现]
主语＋谓语(S＋V) ⑥
主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P) ②
主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O) ①
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S＋V＋IO＋DO) ③
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(S＋V＋O＋C) ⑤
there be句式 ⑧
主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋A) ⑦
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋A) ④
句子的基本结构
构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语等。句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有八种，其他各种句式都是由这八种基本句式演变而来的。八种基本句式如下：
1．主语＋谓语(SV)
这种简单句的谓语部分是不及物动词，意义很完整。这种句子没有被动语态。
门开了。
红日正在升起。
2．主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO)
在这个结构中，谓语部分是及物动词，有些不及物动词后加上介词也可看成一个及物动词。
我的父亲教英语。
他拒绝帮助他们。
我们都知道地球围绕太阳转。
3．主语＋系动词＋表语(SVP)
在这个结构中，谓语动词必须是连系动词。
一些女孩非常兴奋。
这朵花闻起来很香。
我父亲的希望是我能经常回家。
温馨提示：英语中常见的系动词有：be动词、感官类动词(look，smell，taste，feel，sound等)、表变化类动词(get，become，turn，go，grow，come等)、表保持类动词(keep，stay，remain等)，可充当表语的形式有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、过去/现在分词和从句等。
4．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(SVOO)
在这个结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，后接双宾语，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。当把直接宾语放到间接宾语之前时，间接宾语前应加适当的介词。
＝Mr Smith lent his car to me.
史密斯先生把他的车借给了我。
＝He offered his seat to me.
他把座位让给了我。
＝Father bought a book for me.
父亲给我买了一本书。
温馨提示：双宾语的常见结构：
(1)bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sb sth
＝bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sth to sb
(2)buy/make sb sth＝buy/make sth for sb
5．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(宾语和宾补统称为复合宾语)(SVOC)
在这个结构中，谓语动词是及物动词，后面接宾语和宾语补足语。
老师让所有的窗户敞着。
我们正使我们的学校更美丽。
这个人让灯亮了一夜。
温馨提示：宾补用来补充说明宾语的身份、地位或所处的状态。可作宾补的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。常见常考的宾补结构有：
(1)ask，want，like，allow，advise，teach，persuade 等＋宾语＋to do 作宾补；
(2)感官动词：see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear等＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补；
(3)使役动词：let＋宾语＋省略to的不定式作宾补；
make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/过去分词作宾补；
have＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补。
注意：上述加省略to的不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的to要加上。
She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.
她让我们等她的答复等了一个多星期。
I often hear her sing a German song in her lovely voice.
＝She is often heard by me to sing a German song in her lovely voice.
我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱一首德语歌曲。
I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon.
今天下午我将把所有的衣服都洗完。
6．主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA)
所有的学生都在仔细地听着。
机器人厨师未来将出现在我们的家庭中。
7．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA)
昨晚8点简在做作业。
那人把手臂举过头顶。
8．There be...
山脚下有一个小池塘。
现在宿舍里没有任何学生。
温馨提示：在there be句型中，be的单复数与最靠近的名词的单复数保持一致。
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中黑体部分所作的成分
1．Our English teacher is kind and friendly.表语
2．The middle-aged man sees his doctor regularly.状语
3．The independent boy was popular with the teachers.主语
4．I was not satisfied with his attitude towards his work.谓语
5．Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.宾语
6．They are looking for the person responsible for the program.定语
7．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.宾补
8．Mr Wang will give us a talk about the strategies of learning English well.间接宾语
Ⅱ.写出下列句子所属的句子结构
1．The sun was shining.
主语＋谓语
2．The girl talked about her campus life.
主语＋谓语＋宾语
3．He is designing a new dress carefully.
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语
4．The tree looks tall and lush.
主语＋系动词＋表语
5．An old man was walking slowly and carefully.
主语＋谓语＋状语
6．The outgoing girl made her speech impressive.
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语
7．Our teacher showed us an impressive experiment just now.
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语
Ⅲ.完成下列语段，尽可能多地使用简单句
(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)制作爆米花似乎比他们想的要难得多。他们发现挣钱不容易。他们告诉伯纳德(Bernard)不要担心。生活中总有些困难要去面对。最终，他们成功了，他们紧紧地相互拥抱，难以抑制内心的激动。他们尽情地笑着，眼里涌动着喜悦的泪水。
Making popcorn 1.seemed much more difficult than they had thought.They found it not easy 2.to earn money.They 3.told Bernard not to worry.4.There were always some difficulties to face in life.Finally,5.they succeeded and 6.they hugged each other tightly.They found it hard 7.to contain their inner excitement.8.They laughed heartily and tears of joy welled up in their eyes.
训练3　Grammar　[分值：81.5分]
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中黑体部分所作的成分(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
1．It was a beautiful morning.定语
2．I am very pleased to see you.状语
3．We have decided to paint the room pink.宾语补足语
4．The manager made them work day and night.宾语补足语
5．A lot of green lands have been opened to the public.谓语
6．I will order you a new dictionary for your birthday.直接宾语
7．The best method of keeping slim is to do exercise regularly.表语
8．He reached the station finally，only to be told the train had left.状语
9．Please take good care of what belongs to you.宾语
10．That she was admitted into a key university greatly comforted her parents.主语
Ⅱ.单句写作(共8小题；每小题3分，共24分)
1．国庆节快要到了。(主语＋谓语)
National Day is coming.
2．我们尚未决定什么时候再讨论这个问题。(主语＋谓语＋宾语)
We haven’t decided when to discuss the problem again.
3．奶奶昨晚送给我一个非常漂亮的布娃娃。(主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语)
Granny gave me a very beautiful doll last night.
4．现在这种活动在高中变得很受欢迎。(主语＋系动词＋表语)
Nowadays this activity is becoming very popular in senior high school.
5．每天早上我们都能听到他大声朗读英语。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
Every morning we can hear him read English aloud.
6．过去十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。(主语＋谓语＋状语)
Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.
7．这个周末汤姆不打算去看电影。(主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语)
Tom is not going to see the film this weekend.
8．山顶上有一棵古树。(There be...)
There is an old tree on the top of the mountain.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Dr.Bhuvana，a special educator and therapist，once taught at the Kendriya Vidyalaya Sangathan.During her classes，she observed that some students did not absorb the content as well as others or lacked understanding of specific topics.At times，they nodded their head but they did not actually grasp the meaning.She realized she needed to make a change instead of just sticking to the traditional teaching methods.Parents were impressed by the improvements in their slow pupils and suggested Dr.Bhuvana start a special school for such children.
Dr.Bhuvana came to the rescue of students with developmental disorders.In 1998，she opened Bridges Learning Vidyalaya to teach students with autism(自闭症) and other developmental disorders.There every child’s IQ is tested using Malin’s Intelligence Scale and classified into mild，moderate and severe groups.The school adopts unique teaching methods to impart(传授) knowledge and helps kids understand topics from a child’s perspective.The school has also trained teachers to teach the subjects in a friendly manner.
Over the past 25 years，the school has educated over 6,000 slow students，many of whom are now doctors，managers and engineers working in big companies or have important careers.Uthamanathan，the father of Suryanarayan，a student at the school，says，“My child was unwilling to go to a traditional school.His grades were low，and he failed to score beyond single-digit marks.We worried about his future.Fortunately，I learned about Dr.Bhuvana’s school and Suryanarayan was admitted into Class 4.Dr.Bhuvana chalked out a practical customized curriculum for him，which helped him develop an interest in studies.Now he is pursuing his MBA in a well-known university.”
Dr.Bhuvana says，“Parents always feel they need someone like me for their children，and I feel glad that I can help them.On some occasions，the pressures at various levels make me feel upset and burdened.But when a child learns well and hugs me in return，it gives me satisfaction and confidence.I draw energy from children’s love and my passion for teaching.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Bhuvana在课上发现一些学生很迟钝，吸收知识非常困难，于是她改变了教学方法，并创办了一所特殊学校来帮助这些有发育障碍的学生。
1．What inspired Dr.Bhuvana to improve her teaching methods
A．The great potential of her poorly performing students.
B．The constructive suggestions from some educators.
C．The lack of parental guidance on students’ studies.
D．The sharply different performances of her students.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“During her classes...She realized she needed to make a change instead of just sticking to the traditional teaching methods.”可知，一些学生在课上和别人不同的表现启发Bhuvana博士改变了她的教学方法。故选D。
2．What is a key characteristic of Bridges Learning Vidyalaya
A．Its aiming to train qualified teachers.
B．Its objecting to testing a student’s IQ.
C．Its teaching students according to their ability.
D．Its providing therapies for students with mental disorders.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“There every child’s IQ is tested...helps kids understand topics from a child’s perspective.”可知，Bridges Learning Vidyalaya的一个关键特征是他们对孩子进行智力测试，根据测试的结果对孩子们的能力进行分类，再进行相应的教学。故选C。
3．What can be known through the example of Suryanarayan
A．Choosing a suitable career is essential for everyone.
B．Good grades usually come from parents’ encouragement.
C．Parents are always overly worried about their children’s future.
D．Proper teaching methods can have an important effect on students.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“His grades were low，and he failed...Now he is pursuing his MBA in a well-known university.”可知，Bhuvana博士为Suryanarayan制定的课程帮助他培养了对学习的兴趣，而他现在正在知名大学读书。由此可推知，他的例子证明合适的教学方法对学生们有着重要的影响。故选D。
4．Which of the following can best describe Dr.Bhuvana
A．Energetic and cautious.
B．Creative and caring.
C．Faithful and cooperative.
D．Innocent and simple-minded.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。通读全文尤其根据最后一段可知，Bhuvana在课堂上发现很多有发育障碍的学生在学习上有困难，为了帮助他们，她改变了自己的教学方法。后来她创办了一所特殊学校，并为学生们量身定制课程。由此可推知，她是一个有创造力并且关心他人的人。故选B。
B
Over the past few decades，children have been taking part less in free play and more in organized sports.While doing organized sports has both social and physical benefits for young children，worries about safety and benefits increase.
Though most children are naturally likely to be physically active，not all kids are willing to get up and move.Soccer coach Joseph Luxbacher says，“Every kid has the possibility of being a good sportsman in different kinds of sports.Joining in organized sports such as the school soccer team introduces direction to children’s physical activities.Following a team schedule gives kids a set time and place to exercise.As a result，kids can be safe from accidents and be protected against physical harm.”
What’s more，participating in organized sports gives children time to communicate with others and shows good sportsmanship.For young children who may still be very self-centered，participating in team sports teaches them to think about the group and encourages them to be glad about the success of their teammates.Kids can also benefit from spending time with their coach and having a chance to develop a positive relationship with an adult other than their parents，especially if the coach is both skilled and devoted(全心全意的) to being a positive instructor.
Playing organized sports requires a lot of time for practice and games，so it would seem that this could influence students’ study.Actually it can ameliorate students’ test performance.That’s because to play organized sports well，players have to memorize information，do repetitive actions，and learn from teammates.All these types of learning skills can make students score higher.
Since stress can come from many different sources—parents，coaches，teammates or themselves—many children who participate in organized sports feel pressured to succeed.While a little stress can be helpful in leading children to perform with increased focus and strength，too much stress will leave young kids feeling very tired.Organized sports are more likely to put the right amount of pressure on them.
5．What can we learn from Joseph Luxbacher’s words
A．Organized sports can help develop kids’ talents.
B．Most children prefer free play to organized sports.
C．Most children have a set time and place to exercise.
D．Organized sports can better protect kids from injuries.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Following a team schedule gives kids a set time and place to exercise.As a result，kids can be safe from accidents and be protected against physical harm.”可知，Joseph Luxbacher的话说明了有组织的运动可以更好地防止孩子受伤。故选D。
6．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．Ways to attract kids to organized sports.
B．Standards of a good organized sports coach.
C．Social skills developed by playing organized sports.
D．Positive parent-child relationships built by doing sports.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段的“What’s more，participating in organized sports gives children time to communicate with others and shows good sportsmanship.”可推知，第三段的主要内容是参加有组织的运动有助于发展社交技能。故选C。
7．What does the underlined word “ameliorate” mean in paragraph 4
A．Score. B．Improve.
C．Check. D．Record.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“That’s because to play organized sports well，players...learning skills can make students score higher.”可知，参加有组织的体育运动是有助于提高学生成绩的，故画线词意思是“改善、提高”。故选B。
8．What is the best title for the text
A．How Organized Sports Can Benefit Children
B．How to Coach Children in Organized Sports
C．How Organized Sports Put Pressure on Children
D．How to Be a Good Teammate in Organized Sports
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了有组织的体育运动在多方面对学生有益，故A选项“有组织的运动如何使儿童受益”能概括全文，是文章最佳标题，故选A。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
(2024·河南新乡高一期中)
Meeting people is the first step to make friends. 1 Here are some useful tips.
Make small talk even if you don’t feel like it.
Small talk can make people feel false and meaningless. 2 By making small talk，you show that you’re friendly and open to communicating.In that way，small talk helps you to make the first connection with potential(潜在的) new friends.If someone doesn’t make any small talk，we might think that they don’t want to make friends with us，that they don’t like us，or that they’re in a bad mood.
　3　
When you talk to someone new and realize that you have similar interests，the conversation usually goes from stiff(生硬的) to fun and interesting.Therefore，make it a habit to find out if you have any mutual interests or something in common.You can do this by mentioning things that interest you and seeing how they answer.
Don’t write people off until you know them.
Don’t judge people too quickly.Try not to think that they are shallow(肤浅的)，boring，or that you have nothing to talk about.If everyone seems uninterested，it might be because you have been in small talk. 4
Make people like being around you.
When you try to make people like you，it will become easier for you to make friends. 5 If we are with someone with a positive experience，we like that person more.
A．But it does have a purpose.
B．Help people get to know you.
C．Being used to talking to people is important.
D．Figure out what you might have in common.
E．But how do you actually become friends with someone
F．If you only make small talk，everyone will sound shallow.
G．When you make sure that people like being around you，they will like you.
1．答案　E
解析　根据后文“Here are some useful tips.”可知，此处应提出一个问题，所以选项E“但是怎样才能真正和别人成为朋友呢？”切合文意。故选E。
2．答案　A
解析　根据前文“Small talk can make people feel false and meaningless.”和后文“By making small talk，you show that you’re friendly and open to communicating.”可知，前后构成转折关系，且此处是指闲聊是有目的的，所以选项A“但它确实是有目的的”切合文意。故选A。
3．答案　D
解析　根据后文“Therefore，make it a habit to find out if you have any mutual interests or something in common.”可知，本段的建议是找到你和对方的共同点，所以选项D“找出你们可能有什么共同点”适合作本段小标题。故选D。
4．答案　F
解析　根据前文“If everyone seems uninterested，it might be because you have been in small talk.”可知，如果一个人看起来很无趣，可能是因为你们只是在闲聊，所以选项F“如果你只是闲聊，每个人听起来都会很肤浅”切合文意。故选F。
5．答案　G
解析　根据小标题“Make people like being around you.”和后文“If we are with someone with a positive experience，we like that person more.”可知，让别人喜欢与你在一起，他们就会喜欢你，所以选项G“当你确保人们喜欢和你在一起时，他们就会喜欢你”切合文意。故选G。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
During my teenage years，I developed a deep love for ballet(芭蕾)．I would volunteer at a local dance school 1. was next to my home.It was a great chance for me to be part of the dance community.
One day，there was a debate about the preferred style of ballet among the teachers.Some preferred the traditional ballet，while others 2. (be) more interested in exploring modern movements.I found the content of 3. (they) discussions interesting.
In order to contribute to the dance world，I decided to open my own ballet school and make it 4. (attract)．I worked hard to clean up 5. old building and turn it into a beautiful studio(工作室)．The greenhouse nearby provided a perfect space for practice and warm-up exercises.
Creating a suitable environment for learning and dancing was important to me.I wanted my students to feel interested.6. (actual)，one of my main challenges was coming up with creative ideas for each class.I wanted each topic to ignite(激发) curiosity and 7.____________(excite)．
I was excited when my first group of freshman 8. (dancer) joined the school.It was easy for them 9. (mix) up the dance steps at first，but with practice，they became more fluent in the movements 10. before.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名舞蹈爱好者，成了舞蹈学校的志愿者。为了对舞蹈界有所贡献，作者决定开办自己的芭蕾舞学校，希望能激发学生们的好奇心和激情。
1．答案　which/that
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句的引导词，先行词是a local dance school，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
2．答案　were
解析　考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据前面的preferred可知，应用一般过去时，主语others是复数形式，be动词使用were。故填were。
3．答案　their
解析　考查代词。分析句子可知，空格处用来限定名词discussions，表示“他们的”，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
4．答案　attractive
解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格处为宾语补足语，应用形容词attractive“有吸引力的”。故填attractive。
5．答案　an
解析　考查冠词。分析句子可知，空格处缺少冠词，表示泛指“一座旧建筑”，且old的首字母发音是元音音素，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
6．答案　Actually
解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处用来修饰整个句子，应用副词actually，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Actually。
7．答案　excitement
解析　考查不可数名词。分析句子可知，空格处为动词ignite的宾语，应用名词excitement“激动，兴奋”，不可数。故填excitement。
8．答案　dancers
解析　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，空格处为介词of的宾语，dancer“舞者”为可数名词，根据前面的group可知，应用复数形式，故填dancers。
9．答案　to mix
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，it是形式主语，空格处为真正主语，应用动词不定式。故填to mix。
10．答案　than
解析　考查介词。根据前面的more fluent可知，空格处缺少介词than，表示比较，故填than。Section Ⅴ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式)
Listen to the conversation on P8 and choose the best answer.
1．What is the possible relationship between the two speakers
A．Classmates.
B．Sister and brother.
C．Teacher and student.
答案　A
2．What common problem are they facing together
A．They are too forgetful.
B．They must join different clubs.
C．They can’t manage their time well.
答案　C
3．How many ideas do they come up with to solve their problem
A．3. B．4. C．5.
答案　B
Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练)
Listen to the conversation on P8 again and fill in the blanks.
Maisie：Hi Bruno，how are you 1.finding life at senior high
Bruno：Oh，hi Maisie.Well，it’s OK，I guess.The one problem is that I just don’t seem to have enough time for everything.There are basketball games，the music club，the school party...
Maisie：Wow，you’ve got a lot on.But it’s more or less the same for me.And I find I always 2.forget something.
Bruno：Me too.We need to do something about it.My father told me that I should make a to-do 3.list.What do you think
Maisie：It’s a good idea to list the things we’re going to do.
Bruno：And how about 4.recording the time it takes to do the activities？We can then see what 5.takes up most of our time and make better 6.plans.What’s your opinion
Maisie：Great idea.And I’ve got 7.two more ideas.Number one，only do one thing at a time.That way，you’ll get things done more quickly.For example，if you do your homework while watching TV，it will just take 8.longer to finish your homework.Number two，do 9.important things first.
Bruno：Nice ideas!
Maisie：How about we try all of them for 10.a week and see if things get better Section Ⅵ　Developing ideas
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．Lisa’s going to college.
B．The helpful Orientation Day.
C．Lisa’s advice about high school.
D．Being a rainbow in someone’s cloud.
答案　C
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．What helped Lisa when she first started high school
A．Orientation Day.
B．Her parents’ support.
C．The teachers’ advice.
D．Her friends’ encouragement.
答案　A
2．How did Lisa deal with new challenges，like starting a new course
A．She cried for a long time.
B．She tried to avoid the test papers.
C．She decided to face failure bravely.
D．She refused to take the exams.
答案　C
3．What made Lisa disappointed
A．Being a member of the school volleyball team.
B．Winning the volleyball competition.
C．Supporting her teammates during the training.
D．Failing to enter the end-of-year volleyball competition.
答案　D
4．What’s the meaning of the sentence “Be a rainbow in somebody else’s cloud.”？
A．You should be happy even if someone is sad.
B．You should comfort someone when he/she is crying.
C．You should give someone a hand when he/she needs it.
D．You should give someone an umbrella when it’s going to rain.
答案　C
5．Which of the following words can be used to describe Lisa
A．Helpful，hard-working and lonely.
B．Positive，helpful and open-minded.
C．Negative，kind and hard-working.
D．Brave，outgoing and competitive.
答案　B
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
Lisa 1.graduated(graduate) from our school last June and is about 2.to go(go) to college in New York.She came to share her suggestions for high school 3.with us.Lisa said Orientation Day was really 4.helpful(help) when she first started high school，and it’s a fantastic opportunity for new students to get to know the school and the other 5.students(student).6.Though/Although/While Lisa was a member of the school volleyball team，she wasn’t selected for the end-of-year competition.At first，she was really sad,7.but later she realized that she joined the team for the love of the sport.It wasn’t just about winning.So she kept 8.working(work) hard to support her teammates during the training.Lisa 9.totally(total) agreed with the wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou—Be a rainbow in somebody else’s cloud.So she suggested that we give our friends 10.a hand when they need it.And this would make us feel good，too.
Ⅰ.补句子　析结构
1．But then I figured I’d better just go all out and see what happens.(P11 Para.6)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句；I’d better just...see what happens是省略了that的宾语从句，作动词figured的宾语；what引导的是宾语从句，what在该从句中作主语。
汉语翻译：不过接着我就觉得，最好还是全力以赴考考看。
2．But life is not always easy.(P11 Para.7)
结构分析：此句为简单句；not与always连用表示部分否定，意为“并不总是”。
汉语翻译：可是生活并非总是一帆风顺。
3．At first I was really(real) sad，but later I realized that I joined the team for the love of the sport.(P11 Para.8)
结构分析：此句为并列复合句；but后的分句中含有that引导的宾语从句，作realized的宾语。
汉语翻译：开始我非常沮丧，但是后来我意识到，我是因为热爱这项运动才加入球队的。
4．Is there anything else in particular that you’d like to share with us？(P12 Para.9)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词anything。
汉语翻译：你还有没有其他特别想和大家分享的事情呢？
5．Looking back on my high school life，the most important advice I’d give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou.(P12 Para.10)
结构分析：此句为主从复合句；Looking back on...life为现在分词短语作状语；I’d give是省略引导词that的定语从句，修饰先行词advice。
汉语翻译：回顾高中生活，我能给大家的最重要的建议是作家玛雅·安吉罗的一句精彩名言。
Ⅱ.研典句　学用法
as if 引导的从句
I feel as if high school was only yesterday！(P11 Para.2)
我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！
结构分析：此句是主从复合句；as if引导表语从句，意为“仿佛，好像”。
———————————————————————————————————————— as if＝as though 表示“仿佛；好像”，可以用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
如果as if所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，句子要用陈述语气；当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。
①与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时(be动词用were)；
②与过去事实相反，从句谓语用过去完成时(had done)；
③与将来事实相反，从句谓语的形式为“would/should/could/might＋do”。
———————————————————————————————————————— (1)他们谈起话来就像多年的老朋友。
They talked as if/though they had been friends for years.
(2)穿传统汉服会让你感觉仿佛置身于古代！
Wearing traditional Hanfu clothing will make you feel as if/though you were in ancient times!
(3)快点！看起来火车好像要开了。
Hurry up！It looks as if/though the train is going to move.
must have done
You must have had some moments when you were disappointed.(P11 Para.7)
你肯定也经历过灰心丧气的时刻。
结构分析：该句是主从复合句。句中关系副词when引导定语从句，修饰先行词moments，在从句中作时间状语。must have had是“must have done”结构，表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
———————————————————————————————————————— “must have done”结构，表示“过去一定做过”，是对过去发生的动作的肯定推测。
其他“情态动词＋have done”的用法：
①should/ought to have done表示过去应该做某事而未做，意为“本应该做……”。
②may/might have done表示对过去情况不肯定的推测，意为“也许做过”，常用于肯定句。
③could have done表示与过去事实相反的假设，意为“本能够去做却没有做……”。还可以表示对过去的推测，意为“过去可能做……”。
④needn’t have done表示一种不必要的过去行为，意为“本来不必做却做了……”。
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)佩里小姐喜出望外，她一定是从什么地方听到了这个好消息。
Miss Perry was overjoyed and she must have heard the good news from somewhere.
(2)你本不应该花那么多时间玩电脑游戏。
You should not have spent so much time playing computer games.
(3)你本不必浇花的，因为很快会下雨的。
You needn’t have watered the flowers because it would rain soon.
(4)你本可以在比赛中做得更好，但你没有尽力。
You could have done better in the competition，but you didn’t try your best.
课文重点词块默写
1．从……毕业graduate from
2．正要做某事be about to do sth
3．上大学go to college
4．仿佛，好像as if
5．迎新日Orientation Day
6．保持开放的心态keep an open mind
7．尽可能多地as much as possible
8．应对挑战deal with challenges
9．合理的建议sound advice
10．确实；毫无疑问地for sure
11．在……结束时；在……尽头at the end of...
12．一看见……at the sight of...
13．全力以赴，竭尽全力go all out
14．不气馁hold one’s head up
15．一直做某事keep doing sth
16．完全同意totally agree
17．尤其，特别in particular
18．回顾look back on
19．给予某人帮助give sb a hand
训练4　Developing ideas　[分值：50分]
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分)
(应用文写作——交换生在中国学习)
1．我是一名来自澳大利亚的交换生。(exchange)
I’m an exchange student from Australia.
2．我对中国绘画特别感兴趣。(particular)
I am interested in Chinese painting in particular.
3．我的老师和同学都很友好，我觉得自己就像在家乡一样。(as if)
My teachers and classmates are so friendly that I feel as if I were in my hometown.
4．我意识到我本没必要为我在这里的生活感到焦虑。(情态动词＋have done)
I realize that I needn’t have been anxious about my life here.
5．我期待我在中国画方面取得更大的进步。(look forward to)
I am looking forward to making greater improvement in Chinese painting.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
I’m an exchange student from Australia and I am interested in Chinese painting in particular.Before coming to China，I was afraid that I couldn’t adapt to the life here.However，the fact is that my teachers and classmates are so friendly that I feel as if I were in my hometown.I realize that I needn’t have been anxious about my life here.With the help of my teachers and classmates，I am looking forward to making greater improvement in Chinese painting.
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Making the transition(过渡) from junior high school to senior high school is an important stage for teenagers as it represents a meaningful change in their lives.During this period of time，they will experience a range of emotions and face a lot of challenges as they deal with the transition.
The first step in making the smooth transition is to face the fact that high school is a time of great change.Some outgoing students are likely to be curious about the changes and quickly adapt to them，while those who are very quiet may be frightened by the new environment and something else and become much quieter.For the latter，it’s important to embrace the changes.They should step out of their comfort zone and do their best to try new things.
Academic(学业的) expectations also increase as students move up to high school.The courses in high school become more difficult and require students to put in more effort.Students who take this opportunity seriously tend to perform better academically and are more confident about themselves，which helps them prepare for further education and future careers.
Developing new relationships with classmates and teachers is also a new challenge for students.However，these relationships can be a valuable source of support when students get into difficulties.Joining clubs and attending school events are good opportunities for students to connect with others.
All in all，high school life is full of challenges and makes students feel stressed and awkward at times，but it can also be a time of great joy and discovery.So they shouldn’t forget to enjoy the moment.Students should take time to appreciate the people and experiences that make high school special and savor(品味) the memories that will last a lifetime.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学生们从初中步入高中时会面临的一些挑战以及相关的建议。
1．What does the underlined word “embrace” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Thank. B．Accept.
C．Consider. D．Discover.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句子后面一句“They should step out of their comfort zone and do their best to try new things.”可知，作者建议内向的人走出舒适区，勇于尝试新事物，即接受改变，故“embrace”的意思应是“接受”，故选B。
2．Why should students study harder according to the author
A．They can become popular at school.
B．They can get rewards for passing exams.
C．That can be helpful in improving parent-child relationships.
D．That will be a great help for their future development.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Students who take this opportunity seriously tend to...helps them prepare for further education and future careers.”可知，作者认为学生们应该更努力地学习是因为这对以后的发展有所帮助，故选D。
3．Which of the following are recommended to students wanting to develop new relationships
①Working on group projects.
②Entering school organizations.
③Taking part in school activities.
④Starting a conversation with others.
A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．②④
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Joining clubs and attending school events are good opportunities for students to connect with others.”可知，文中建议学生可以通过进入学校组织和参加学校活动来发展新关系，故选C。
4．What’s the text mainly about
A．The benefits of becoming outgoing.
B．Some joys students can get in senior high school.
C．Some challenges students will face in senior high school.
D．The differences between junior high school and senior high school.
答案　C
解析　主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“During this period of time，they will experience a range of emotions and face a lot of challenges as they deal with the transition.”并结合下文内容可知，本文主要讲述了刚刚进入高中时学生们会面临的一些挑战，以及相关的建议，故选C。
B
High school students perform better on tests if they are in a classroom with a view(视野)of a green space，instead of a windowless room or a room with a view of built-up space，according to research from the University of Illinois Department of Landscape Architecture.
“It is the first to show a relationship between studying with a green view and students’ performance，”said William Sullivan，head of the research team.“It’s a significant finding that if you have a green view outside your window，you’ll do better on tests.”Sullivan hopes the results of their research will lead to policy(政策)changes.“Changes in school design，for example，would be a much better thing than any of the things we spend money on in secondary education today，”Sullivan said.
The research included 94 students at five central Illinois high schools.Students were randomly assigned(随机分配)to one of three kinds of classrooms—windowless，with a window looking out onto built-up space，or with a window looking out onto green space.Each kind of classroom had a similar size and layout.The students took part in one-on-one experiments in which they did 30 minutes of activities that included a proofreading exercise，a speech and a math exercise.Following the activities the students were given an attention test which asked them to repeat a series of(一连串) numbers.
The findings: Students did better on both study activities and the attention test if they were in a classroom with a green view，Sullivan said.
The researchers suggest their findings can help planners and policymakers improve students’ well-being and learning.For example，planners can choose sites for new schools that already have trees and other vegetation，or they can plant many trees on the site；architects(建筑师) can design classroom，dining room and hallway windows so they look onto green spaces.
5．What did the study find out about high school students
A．They like to have green plants in their classrooms.
B．They will get better grades when studying in different classrooms.
C．Changes in school design will influence their attitudes towards teachers.
D．A green view through a classroom window can improve their performance.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“High school students perform better on tests if they are in a classroom with a view(视野)of a green space”可知，关于高中生，这项研究发现透过教室窗户看到绿色风景可以提高他们的成绩。故选D项。
6．What does the underlined word“significant”in paragraph 2 mean
A．Traditional. B．Important.
C．Necessary. D．Early.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据第二段中“It is the first to show...”和“Sullivan hopes the results of their research will lead to policy(政策) changes.”可推知，这个发现具有开创性，且有望导致政策的改变，所以是一个重要的发现，由此可知画线词词义为“重要的”，故选B项。
7．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How the study was carried out.
B．Why the study was different.
C．The purpose of the study.
D．The result of the study.
答案　A
解析　段落大意题。根据第三段“The research included 94...were randomly assigned(随机分配) to...The students took part in one-on-one experiments...Following the activities the students were given an attention test...”可知，本段主要讲的是研究是如何进行的。故选A项。
8．What do the researchers think of the study
A．It has drawn public attention to education.
B．It can play a guiding role in school planning.
C．It has encouraged students to get close to nature.
D．It needs more support from high school teachers.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The researchers suggest their findings can help planners and policymakers improve students’ well-being and learning.”可知，研究人员认为这项研究可以在学校规划中起到指导作用。故选B项。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分)
I’m Mike.I graduated from Sunshine Junior Middle School last June，and I’m now 1 in a senior high school of Yucai in Beijing.This autumn，I will 2 my second year.
In the summer one year ago，I remember being extremely excited yet nervous，as I was about to begin my high school 3 .I was also quite 4 at the idea of being away from home for so long for the first time in my life.As I said goodbye to my parents at the high-speed railway station，I felt a mix of 5 and upset.I was travelling to a different city by myself，with a suitcase beside me，and the 6 to have an unforgettable high school experience.
At school，there might be 7 times.What if I don’t make any friends？What if my classes get stressful？How will I do my laundry？Yes，I’ve been there too，and 8 these questions.Don’t worry，you’ll make friends.Just learn to 9 the right people.
Classes will，most 10 ，become intense，especially towards midterms and exams.But it’s all right，we all can 11 .You will have a lot of people around you who can help.
It’s 12 to worry about things like these.You’ll slowly 13 that you’ll take on these 14 as you go，and that they won’t be as terrible as you had 15 .
1．A.studying B．teaching
C．explaining D．testing
答案　A
解析　explain解释；test测试。根据下文“In the summer one year ago，I remember being extremely excited yet nervous，as I was about to begin my high school .”可知，作者现在在高中学习。故选A。
2．A.plan B．start
C．avoid D．miss
答案　B
解析　avoid避免；miss想念。根据下文“In the summer one year ago，I remember being extremely excited yet nervous，as I was about to begin my high school .”可知，今年秋天，作者将开始高中的第二年学习。故选B。
3．A.journey B．chance
C．program D．vacation
答案　A
解析　journey旅程；program项目；vacation假期。根据下文“I was travelling to a different city...have an unforgettable high school experience.”以及语境可知，此处表示作者开始高中的旅程。故选A。
4．A.annoyed B．surprised
C．disappointed D．anxious
答案　D
解析　annoyed恼怒的；disappointed失望的；anxious焦虑的。根据下文“at the idea of being away from home for so long for the first time in my life”可知，作者第一次离家很久，感觉焦虑。故选D。
5．A.anger B．hate
C．respect D．fear
答案　D
解析　anger愤怒；respect尊重；fear害怕。根据“upset”以及下文“I was travelling to a different city by myself”可知，作者独自一人去外地上学，在与父母道别时感觉害怕。故选D。
6．A.luck B．determination
C．patience D．freedom
答案　B
解析　luck运气；determination决心；patience耐心；freedom自由。根据下文“to have an unforgettable high school experience”以及语境可知，作者下定决心要拥有一次难忘的高中经历。故选B。
7．A.interesting B．moving
C．challenging D．exciting
答案　C
解析　moving令人感动的；challenging挑战性的。根据下文“What if I don’t make any friends？What if my classes get stressful？How will I do my laundry？”可知，学校可能会充满挑战。故选C。
8．A.focused on B．escaped from
C．thought about D．brought back
答案　C
解析　focus on集中；escape from从……逃离；think about思考；bring back使想起。根据上文“What if I don’t make any friends？What if my classes get stressful？How will I do my laundry？”可知，此处表示作者也思考过这些问题。故选C。
9．A.pick B．hire
C．interview D．remind
答案　A
解析　pick挑选；hire雇用；interview采访；remind提醒。根据上文“Don’t worry，you’ll make friends.”以及下文“the right people”可知，此处表示交朋友时要学会挑选合适的人。故选A。
10．A.poorly B．encouragingly
C．likely D．importantly
答案　C
解析　poorly不够好地；encouragingly令人鼓舞地；likely很可能；importantly重要地。根据上文“What if my classes get stressful？”以及常识可知，此处是回答上文的第二个问题，课程很可能会紧张。故选C。
11．A.dream B．relax
C．enjoy D．survive
答案　D
解析　relax放松；survive幸存，艰难度过。根据上文“But it’s all right，we all can”以及下文“You will have a lot of people around you who can help.”可知，此处表示虽然课程很可能会变得紧张，但大家都能艰难度过。故选D。
12．A.difficult B．cool
C．normal D．unusual
答案　C
解析　normal正常的；unusual特别的。根据下文“to worry about things like these”以及语境可知，担心这样的事情是很正常的。故选C。
13．A.forget B．realize
C．promise D．receive
答案　B
解析　realize意识到；promise承诺。根据下文“that you’ll take on these as you go，and that they won’t be as terrible as you had ”以及语境可知，下文是慢慢意识到的事情。故选B。
14．A.challenges B．activities
C．responsibilities D．jobs
答案　A
解析　challenge挑战；activity活动；responsibility责任。根据上文“At school，there might be ___________ times.What if I don’t make any friends？What if my classes get stressful？How will I do my laundry？”可知，此处表示你将接受这些挑战。故选A。
15．A.hidden B．improved
C．shared D．imagined
答案　D
解析　根据上文“As I said goodbye to my parents at the high-speed railway station，I felt a mix of and upset.”可推知，此处指这些挑战实际上并没有想象得那样可怕。故选D。Section Ⅶ　Writing
本单元的写作任务是写一篇英文日记。日记属于记叙文的范畴，主要是记叙一天生活中的所见、所闻、所做或所感。
1．篇章结构
(1)开头——总述感受
(2)主体——具体叙述发生的事
(3)结尾——表达自己的感受或打算
2．注意事项
(1)规范的格式：英文日记通常由两部分组成，即书端和正文。书端用于记载写日记的日期和天气情况，它位于正文上面的第一行。
(2)正确的人称：日记是对生活的记录，是把自己一天中最有意义的事情记录下来所形成的书面材料，故写日记多用第一人称。
(3)正确的时态：日记一般记叙当天发生的事，因此多用过去时态。但如谈论个人感悟或说明客观事实、普遍真理时，也可用现在时态。
1．开头部分
Today is a sunny day.I went to...with...
今天阳光明媚。我和……去了……
This is the first time that I have...
这是我第一次……
We had a．..time today.
我们今天真是……
2．主体部分
The teacher introduced...
老师介绍了……
This morning，after we arrived...，we started to...
今天早上，我们到了……就开始……
As soon as we got there，we...
我们一到那儿就……
3．结尾部分
From this experience I came to see that...
这次经历让我明白了……
I will never forget the day...
我永远不会忘记这一天……
Though tired and hungry，we...
尽管又累又饿，我们……
What a nice experience it is！I am looking forward to...
这是一次多么美好的经历！我渴望……
假定你是高一学生李华，你进入高中已有一周，请根据下列提示用英语写一篇日记，介绍你新学校的情况。内容包括：1.校园面貌；2.同学情况；3.校园生活。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步　审题谋篇
审题
写作要求是写一篇日记。写作时应注意下面几点：
1．确定文体：这是一篇日记，应注意日记的写作特点。
2．主体时态：文章应以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。
3．主体人称：人称应该以第一、三人称为主。
谋篇
第一段：开门见山，介绍当天发生的事情；
第二段：进一步描述事情发生的经过；
第三段：总结人物的感受及收获。
第二步　遣词造句
核心词汇(含本单元词汇)
1．高中senior high
2．给……留下深刻印象leave/make a deep impression on...
3．充满压力与挑战be full of pressure and challenges
4．全力以赴go all out
5．勇敢面对挑战face the challenges bravely
6．参加各种各样的课外活动take part in various after-school activities
7．相信……be confident that...
8．取得巨大进步make great progress
连词成句(含本单元句型)
1．我升入高中已经一周了。
It has been a week since I entered the senior high.
2．新学校给我留下了深刻印象。
The new school leaves/makes a deep impression on me.
3．新校园绿树环绕，既大又漂亮。(with复合结构)
The new campus is large and beautiful with a lot of trees all around.
4．我们班有45名学生，我们都非常刻苦。
There are forty-five students in our class and we are all hard-working.
5．我们学校的操场很大，我们可以在那儿进行各种各样的课外活动。
The playground in our school is big and we can take part in various after-school activities there.
6．我知道高中生活会充满压力与挑战。
I know senior high life will be full of pressure and challenges.
7．我决定全力以赴并勇敢面对它们。
I decide to go all out and face them bravely.
8．我相信我能够在这儿取得很大进步。
I am confident that I can make great progress here.
第三步　句式升级
1．用who引导的非限制性定语从句升级句4。
There are forty-five students in our class，who are all hard-working.
2．用where引导的非限制性定语从句升级句5。
The playground in our school is big，where we can take part in various after-school activities.
3．用并列连词连接句6和句7。
I know senior high life will be full of pressure and challenges，but I decide to go all out and face them bravely.
第四步　组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
参考范文
Sunday September 8thFine
It has been a week since I entered the senior high.
The new school leaves a deep impression on me.The new campus is large and beautiful with a lot of trees all around.There are forty-five students in our class，who are all hard-working.The playground in our school is big，where we can take part in various after-school activities.
I know senior high life will be full of pressure and challenges，but I decide to go all out and face them bravely.I am confident that I can make great progress here.

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