资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Vocabulary
Ⅰ.写重点词汇
1．character n．(书、剧本、电影等中的)人物，角色
2．approach v．走近，靠近
3．chat n．闲谈，聊天
4．focus v．(把……)集中(于)
5．career n．职业，事业
6．lawyer n．律师
7．sigh n．叹气，叹息(尤因厌烦、失望、疲倦等)
8．generation n．一代(人)
9．gap n．差距，差别
10．currently adv.现时，当前
11．regularly adv.经常
12．memory n．记忆，回忆
13．nowadays adv.现今，现时
14．skin n．皮肤
15．jogging n．慢跑锻炼
16．slim adj.苗条的，修长的
17．cheek n．面颊，脸颊
18．issue n．(尤指社会或政治方面的)议题；争论的问题
19．theme n．主题
20．range n．一系列
21．event n．活动(指演出、体育比赛、聚会等)
22．impact n．作用，影响
23．series n．系列比赛
24．onto prep.到……上，向……上，朝……上
25．track n．跑道
26．media n．新闻媒体，传媒
27．obviously adv.明显地，显而易见地
28．feature n．(报纸或杂志的)特写
29．typically adv.一般，通常
30．individual adj.独特的，与众不同的(一般含褒义)
31．style n．风格
32．extra adj.额外的，另外的
33．despite prep.尽管，虽然
34．throughout prep.在整个期间，自始至终
35．entire adj.全部的，整个的
36．enormously adv.非常，极其
37．million num.许多，无数
38．athlete n．运动员，田径运动员
39．medal n．奖牌，勋章
40．somehow adv.用某种方法，不知怎的
41．indeed adv.当然，确实(用于强调陈述或回答)
42．settle for 勉强接受，将就
43．in the lead 领先
44．calm down(使)平静下来
45．jump in with both feet仓促参与；全心全意地投入
46．now and then偶尔，有时候
Ⅱ.悟拓展词汇
1．assume v．假定，假设，认为→assumption n．假定，假设→assuming conj.假定；假设
2．respect v．& n．尊敬，敬重→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的→respectful adj.恭敬的
3．ignore v．忽视，不理→ignorance n．无知；愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的
4．professional adj.职业的，专业的→profession n．职业，专业→professor n．教授；讲师；教员
5．suit v．适合 n．西服；套装→suitable adj.适合的；适宜的
6．talent n．天赋，才能→talented adj.有天赋的
7．option n．选择，可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的；选修的
8．responsible adj.负有责任的，应承担责任的→irresponsible adj.没有责任心的→responsibility n．责任
9．nation n．国家→national adj.国家的；民族的→nationality n．国籍
10．aim v．力求达到 n．目标；目的→aimless adj.无目标的→aimlessly adv.无目的地
11．observe v．观察；庆祝，过(节日、生日等)→observation n．观察→observer n．观察员
12．apologise v．道歉→apology n．道歉
13．stress n．重音，重读；压力→stressed adj.焦虑不安的→stressful adj.充满压力的
14．strength n．强烈程度；力量→strengthen v．加强→strong adj.强壮的
15．admire v．钦佩，羡慕→admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得称赞的→admiration n．钦佩，羡慕
16．judge v．判断，认为→judg(e)ment n．判断(力)
17．settle v．和解，结束(争论)→settler n．殖民者；移民→settlement n．解决；定居点
18．detail n．细节，细微之处→detailed adj.详细的
19．contain v．包含，含有；抑制，克制→container n．容器
20．summary n．总结，概要→summarize v．总结
21．powerful adj.强有力的，有影响力的→power n．权力；能力→powerless adj.无力的；无能的
22．disqualify v．(因犯规而)取消……的资格→qualify v．(使)具有资格；(使)合格→qualified adj.符合资格的→qualification n．资格；学历；资格证书
Ⅲ.认阅读词汇
1．It took a lot of nerve to take the company to court.n.法院，法庭
2．The actors are on pins and needles before the curtain opens for a play.n.(舞台上的)幕，帷幕
3．She’s much happier performing live than in a recording studio.n.(音乐)录音室
4．She saw his jaw tighten and his face lose its colour. n．下巴，下颌
5．I didn’t recognize him—he’s grown a beard since I met him last time.n.胡须
6．To complete this triathlon，you’re going to need powerful will! n．铁人三项运动
approach v．走近，靠近 n．靠近；方法；途径；道路
approach sth/sb接近/靠近某物/某人 with...approaching在……临近的时候 an/the approach to(doing) sth(做)某事的方法 at the approach of...在……临近的时候 注意：approach表示“……的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。
(1)With night approaching(approach)，the little girl went into her bedroom and drew the curtains.
(2)The job market has changed and our approaches to finding(find) work must change as well.
[写作佳句]
(3)随着期末考试的临近，学生们正忙着复习功课。
①With the final examination approaching，the students are busy reviewing lessons.(approach v．)
②At the approach of the final examination，the students are busy reviewing lessons.(approach n．)
focus v．(把……)集中(于)；聚焦 n．焦点；中心点
focus on/upon(doing)集中(注意力)于(做)……
focus one’s attention on/upon...某人集中注意力于……
the focus of attention注意力的焦点
bring...into focus 使……成为焦点
(1)It wasn’t until the accident happened that the issue was brought into focus.
(2)She became the focus of attention because of her talent on the Orientation Day.
(3)In class，you should focus your attention on/upon your lesson，and ignore the unimportant things.
[写作佳句]
(4)由于他的注意力都集中在工作上，他不知道外面发生了什么。
With his attention focused on/upon his work，he didn’t know what was happening outside.
assume v．假定，假设，认为；承担[assumption n．假设；(责任的)承担 assuming conj.假定；假设]
assume...to be...认为……是……；假定……是……
It is (generally) assumed that...人们(普遍)认为……
on the assumption that...假定……
make an/the assumption做个假设；假定
assuming that假定……(作状语)
(1)He was assumed to be(be) one of the most committed lawyers in his field.
(2)People assumed that jogging is beneficial to health.
→It is generally assumed that jogging is beneficial to health.
(3)When making decisions，we tend to make some favorable assumptions(assume) firstly.
[写作佳句]
(4)假设我被选为学生会主席，我会组织更多多彩的课外活动来丰富我们的学校生活。
Assuming that/On the assumption that I am chosen to be chairman of the Student Council，I will organize more colorful after-class activities to enrich our school life.
respect v．尊敬，敬重，尊重；遵守 n．尊重，尊敬；敬意；方面(respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的，得体的 respectful adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的)
respect sb for sth因为某事而尊重某人
show/have respect for...尊重……
give/send one’s respects to sb向某人致意
in every respect在各方面
in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于；就……而言
(1)Generally speaking，lawyer is really a respectable(respect) career.
(2)He showed/had no respect for her feelings，which made her very angry.
(3)I would be grateful if you can offer some practical tips with respect to English writing.
[写作佳句]
(4)我最尊敬的人是我的班主任，他总是不遗余力地在各个方面帮助我们。
The person I respect most is my head teacher，who is always sparing no effort to help us in every aspect.
suit v．适合 n．西服；套装(suitable adj.适合的；适宜的)
suit...to...使……适合……
be suitable for适合于……
be suitable to do sth适合做某事
(1)She had the ability to suit her professional performance to the audience.
(2)This book，written in simple English，is suitable(suit) for English beginners.
(3)Frankly speaking，this type of music is not suitable to be played(play) in the open air.
[写作佳句]
(4)我不熟悉你的日程安排。请让我知道什么时间最适合你。
I am unfamiliar with your schedule.Please let me know what time suits you best.
(5)我相信我适合志愿者工作，因为我的英语很好。
I am confident that I’m suitable for the voluntary work，because I have a good command of English.
responsible adj.(对事故、错误、罪行等)负有责任的，应承担责任的(irresponsible adj.没有责任心的；不负责的responsibility n．责任)
be responsible for sth对……负责
take responsibility for sth对……负责
a sense of responsibility责任感
It is sb’s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的职责。
(1)Now that you have grown up，you should be responsible for what you are doing.
(2)As an athlete，you should take responsibility(responsible) for your behavior in the track and field events.
[写作佳句]
(3)保护环境不受污染是我们的责任。
It is our responsibility to protect the environment from being polluted/pollution.
aim n．目标；目的 v．瞄准；(向某方向)努力；力求达到；对准；目的在于(aimless adj.无目标的aimlessly adv.无目的地)
take aim at把目标对准…… with the aim of有……的目的 aim at瞄准；目的在于；针对 aim sth at sb/sth用某物朝向/瞄准某人/某物 aim to do.../at doing...旨在做……；力求达到…… be aimed at目的是；旨在
(1)The newspaper is aimed(aim) at teenagers and young adults.
(2)There was a time when he had nothing to do，wandering aimlessly(aim) in the street all day.
(3)I aimed to lose(lose) 4 kilograms during the winter holiday but actually I gained 5 instead.
[写作佳句]
(4)为了丰富我们的学校生活，本周末将举办一场校园才艺表演。
A campus talent show will be held this weekend with the aim of enriching our school life.
range n．一系列；范围，界限；种类；山脉 vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化
a full/wide range of...大范围的……，各种…… in/within range (of...)在射程以内；在……范围内 beyond/out of range(of...)在射程外；在……范围外 range from...to.../between...and...包括从……到……；在……到……之间变动
(1)The team contains ten players whose ages range between 10 and 16.
(2)To be honest，the price of the house is well beyond/out of our range.
(3)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging(range) from butterflies to elephants.
[写作佳句]
(4)此外，随着这座体育场的落成，各类体育赛事都可以举行，其中乒乓球、足球和赛跑大受欢迎。
In addition，with the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held，of which ping pong，football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.
apologise v．道歉(apology n．道歉，谢罪)
apologise to sb for sth因为某事向某人道歉 make an apology to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉 owe sb an apology应向某人道歉
(1)He later apologised for his improper behaviour at the evening party.
(2)I owe you an apology(apologise) for the fact that I cannot go to the studio with you on Friday afternoon.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之道歉信)我应向你道歉，因为本周六我不能教你制作中国结了。我真心希望你能接受我真诚的道歉。
I have to make an apology/apologise to you for not being able to teach you to make Chinese knots this Saturday.And I do wish that you will accept my sincere apology.
admire v．钦佩，赞美，羡慕(admiration n．钦佩，羡慕 admirable adj.令人钦佩的；值得称赞的)
admire sb for(doing) sth因(做)某事而钦佩某人 with/in admiration钦佩地 注意：admire后不接双宾语，也不接带不定式的复合结构，即不能说admire sb(to do) sth。
(1)All those who know him will admire him for his unique personality.
(2)Reading her biography，I was lost in admiration(admire) for her creativity in literature.
(3)While still at primary school，Rowan had already shown admirable(admire) acting talent.
[写作佳句]
(4)拍了一些照片后，他们在小山顶上停下来欣赏风景。
After taking some photos，they stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.
judge v．认为，判断；断定 n．裁判员；法官[judg(e)ment n．判断(力)；裁决；评价]
judge...by/from...通过……判断……
as far as I can judge依我看
judging from/by...从……来看；根据……来判断
make a judgement作出判断
(1)Judging(judge) from the look on his face，the news must have been terrible.
(2)You must judge a person by/from his actions，not by/from what he says.
(3) A judge should make his judg(e)ment(judge) based on evidence rather than emotions.
[写作佳句]
(4)依我看，你应该立即为你的无礼向你妈妈道歉。
As far as I can judge，you should immediately apologise to your mother for your rudeness.
(5)俗话说：“不能以貌取人。”
As the old saying goes，“You can’t judge a book by/from its cover.”
settle v．定居；殖民；停留；和解，结束(争论)；(使)平静下来；安排；解决(settlement n．定居点；解决；协议 settler n．移民；殖民者)
settle for勉强接受；将就
settle in/into安顿下来；习惯于；适应
settle down舒适地坐下；定居；(使)平静下来
settle down to(doing) sth开始认真对待/做某事
(1)With so many problems to settle(settle)every day，I feel greatly stressed.
(2)He had to settle for this job because there was no other work that suited him.
(3)They finally reached a settlement(settle) with the organization，and the manager breathed a sigh of relief.
[写作佳句]
(4)他在一个美丽的村庄安顿下来，开始写作。
Having settled in/into a beautiful village，he settled down to his writing.
(5)布朗夫妇希望看到他们的女儿安定下来，结婚生子。
Mr and Mrs Brown would like to see their daughter settle down，get married，and have kids.
高考热点微练
Ⅰ.一词多义
A．品质，性格　B．特色　C．书籍、戏剧中的人物，角色　D．文字，字母
1．Mr James is fond of learning Chinese characters. D
2．The modern hotels here have no real character. B
3．The book gives a detailed description of Mr Obama’s character. A
4．She had Mickey Mouse or some other cartoon characters on her sweater. C
A．看到；注意到　B．观察　C．遵守　D．庆祝
5．The thief was observed to open the window and run away. A
6．Could you tell me how you usually observe the Teachers’ Day in your country？ D
7．Though having lived abroad for years，many homesick Chinese still observe traditional customs. C
8．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening...” B
A．n一系列　B．n.范围　C．n.距离　D．n.山脉　E．v.漫步；四处移动　F．v.包括
9．The polar bears range all the way across the Arctic. E
10．Between Italy and France，there is a mountain range called the Alps. D
11．Do not miss this opportunity to see whales at close range on their annual migration south to the Antarctic. C
12．(2023·全国甲)As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more，they’re increasingly being sighted by humans. B
13．(2022·浙江6月)My classmates ranged from those kids with pale skin and large blue eyes to those with rich brown skin and dark hair. F
14．(2023·浙江1月)Explorers Camp organizes engaging arts，history and science-related activities in every class，and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning，exploration and，most of all，fun！ A
A．n.特征；特点　B．n.面容的一部分(指眼、口、鼻等)　C．n.(报纸、杂志等的)特写，专题节目　D．vt.以……为特色　E．vi.起重要作用；占重要地位
15．An important feature of Van Gogh’s paintings is their bright colors. A
16．Fish features in the Japanese diet；that is，fish plays an important part in Japan. E
17．She showed great interest in a special feature on education in today’s newspaper. C
18．(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Today，I’m going to introduce to you a magazine that features the art of living. D
19．(2021·天津6月)What lies beneath UneeQ’s digital humans Their 3D faces are modeled on actual human features. B
Ⅱ.熟词生义
1．The lights in the theatre dimmed as the curtain rose.幕布
2．My father could hardly contain his pride in me and he couldn’t resist praising me.抑制；控制
3．(2023·全国乙)To become the Olympic champion in the individual all-around event，Gabby Douglas had to leave everything she knew best.n.比赛项目
4．(2023·新课标Ⅱ)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off-line” activity.vt.跟踪；追踪
5．(2022·全国乙)The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation and cultural exchanges.vt.发布
训练1　Vocabulary　[分值：75.5分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
1．I’d like to tell you something about how we observe(庆祝) the Spring Festival.
2．Everything done，they sat in the yard chatting(聊天) with the volunteers yesterday.
3．When under stress，people tend to be nervous and can’t focus their attention on work.
4．The excellent athlete who has a talent for sports won a gold medal in the Olympic Games.
5．A study shows drinking coffee before exercise has a negative impact(影响) on the heart.
6.Nowadays，health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of attention.
7．The summary should be limited to 150 words，the length of which is one third of the original text.
8．The library was built in memory of the scientist who has made significant contributions to society.
9．Despite the injury，Jackson was in the lead throughout the track and field events and won the gold medal.
10．With the great day approaching(接近)，she grew more and more nervous although she was rather professional.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共12小题；每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．Typically(typical)，men have more options than women in choosing jobs.
2.Jogging can not only build up your strength but also make you slimmer(slim)．
3．Judging(judge) from her last letter，she was having a wonderful time in Hawaii.
4．My brother showed a talent for music and dreamed of becoming a professional singer.
5．Whenever I am in trouble，my friend Linda，a lawyer，will do me a favour without hesitation.
6.Obviously，the student had no option but to apologize to his teacher for the mistake he had made.
7．We will have an English speech contest，which is aimed at enriching our extracurricular activities.
8．As far as I can judge，extra periods in senior high should be used to take optional(option) subjects.
9．Thanks to his detailed(detail) description，the police quickly found the criminal and saved the boy.
10．Many countries are now setting up national(nation) parks where animals and plants can be protected.
11．The club provides a series of activities，ranging(range) from mountain climbing to playing basketball.
12．I must remind you that everyone has strengths(strength) and weaknesses，so never make blind comments on others.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
I grew up in a house with an unusual design feature.The floor of part of the house was made of pieces of chalkboards that my father gathered from the local high school when it was repaired.He added a second large piece on the wall，too.
The result was that we always had a place to write notes，draw pictures，do quick calculations，and keep an ongoing grocery list to which anyone could contribute.The wall chalkboard was used for important notes，while the floor was most handy for messages that were meant to catch someone’s eye the moment they came in the house，things like “I’ve run out to the store，back in 30 minutes” or “Please start dinner at 5：30”．
When I was young，I thought that every house would have a large writing area，but then I moved away and realized that wasn’t the case.For years，especially since having kids，I’ve tried to keep information organized.Though my Moleskine paper planner has given some semblance(表象) of order to my life，it doesn’t make up for a good chalkboard.
But now things have changed.I’m pleased to say that a proper chalkboard has finally been fixed in my kitchen—something that should have happened years ago! My dad recently came for a visit and brought a piece of slate(石板) that fits the wall behind the door，adding a board for chalk.
All of a sudden we have an obvious place to go to store information where all family members can see it，a place where important thoughts can be written down.
I think every house should have a proper-sized chalkboard—a real slate one，if you can find it.It’s a game-changer，a family unifier，and an effective organizer.I may not have a chalkboard floor，but once again I have a chalkboard wall，and now my home feels complete.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过自己的成长故事和生活经历说明家里有黑板的重要性。
1．What developed the author’s love for houses with a chalkboard
A．His father’s expectation of him.
B．Usual visits to an old house.
C．The environment he grew up in.
D．His habit of writing something.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段可知，作者在一个有黑板的房子里长大，家人可以在黑板上记笔记、画画、留下信息等；由此可知，作者成长的环境培养了作者对家里要有黑板的钟爱。故选C。
2．What happened to the author after he had children
A．He was too busy to relax.
B．He developed an interest in chalkboards.
C．He grew poorer at collecting information.
D．He had trouble organizing information at home.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，有了孩子以后由于家里没有黑板，作者很难有序安排家里的信息事务。故选D。
3．What can we know about the author’s father
A．He bought slate from a school for the author.
B．He lived together with the author all the time.
C．He got a chalkboard fixed at the author’s home.
D．He had a chalkboard wall built in his own kitchen.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，父亲给作者家里装上了一块黑板。故选C。
4．What is the benefit of having a chalkboard at home according to the author
A．Making one healthier and wealthier.
B．Helping to keep the family life in order.
C．Increasing one’s sense of belonging.
D．Developing children’s interest in learning.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句和最后两段可知，作者认为每所房子都应该有一块大小合适的黑板，有黑板有助于使家庭生活有序不乱。故选B。
B
Conflict(冲突) between parents and children is normal.It is part of family life.But conflict that goes on for a long time and gets worse over time can cause stress and can hurt relationships.It is important to communicate with each other and bring conflict to a peaceful solution.You can do this through compromise(让步) or by agreeing to disagree.No matter what else you do，communicate with your children and make sure they know that you love them.This can make dealing with conflict easier and more effective.
In some cases，you may have to change your behaviour to settle a conflict with your child.Some of your child’s behaviour may be a reaction to your behaviour.So，if you want your child to behave in a certain way，one way may be to change your behaviour so that your child will follow your model.
But children should be responsible for their own actions—and the results.All parents want to protect their children.But in some cases，unless the child is in physical danger，it may be best to let the child deal with the negative results of things they do.
Collaborate(合作) to develop specific rules and write them down.These may include statements such as how much time they can spend on electronics，and when homework must be completed.Not only are you modeling for your kids how to work together and resolve differences，but you also are working out important guidelines for how your house will operate.
Have clear results for misconduct.Thus，if your child disobey the rules，make it clear that the right to use the toy will be taken away because of his inability to play with it responsibly.Additionally，create routines so that they know when they have free time to themselves after they have completed tasks set out for them.These could include helping feed the family pet，taking a shower，or finishing homework.
5．What’s the key to solving the conflict between parents and children
A．Advising children to give in.
B．Changing behavior.
C．Reaching an understanding.
D．Developing rules.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“It is important to communicate with each other and...No matter what else you do，communicate with your children and make sure they know that you love them.”可知，解决父母和孩子冲突的关键是互相沟通和理解，故选C。
6．Why do parents need to change their behavior first in the conflict
A．To compromise with their children.
B．To be responsible for their actions.
C．To find a reason to punish children.
D．To set a good example for children.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“So，if you want your child to behave in a certain way，one way may be to change your behaviour so that your child will follow your model.”可知，父母首先需在冲突中改变自己的行为，这是为了给孩子树立榜样，故选D。
7．What should parents do if the child causes something bad to happen
A．Teach him how to solve it.
B．Handle the situation for him.
C．Let him deal with it himself.
D．Share the solutions with him.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“But in some cases，unless the child is in physical danger，it may be best to let the child deal with the negative results of things they do.”可知，如果孩子造成不好的事情发生，父母最好让孩子自己去处理，故选C。
8．What does the underlined word “misconduct” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Improper behavior. B．Strict rules.
C．Good performances. D．Frank words.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后一句“Thus，if your child disobey the rules，make it clear that the right to use the toy will be taken away because of his inability to play with it responsibly.”可知，父母要明确告知孩子不当行为的后果，misconduct意为“不当行为”，故选A。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
How to Handle an Argument with Your Family Members
We’ve all been there.A relaxed evening with our family members.A lot of laughing.And then，as if someone had sat on the TV remote and changed the channel，the mood shifts.No more warmth.Suddenly there’s shouting，a ping-pong of accusations(指责)，deadly stares，and hostility(敌意) streaming from eyes like red laser pointers.Having a conflict with your family members is frustrating，and you may feel sad and depressed. 1 .
Do remember that as much as it might feel this way，you’re not in a court of law with your family members. 2 .It is to restore kindness and connection.Think of it this way—if somebody wins，both parties lose.
Do try to be an advocate of others’ feelings. 3 ，try to stand in the shoes of your family members.Try to understand their immature ways.
4 .This might frighten your family members，making them feel accused and in turn，act defensively.Example: “I was on the phone with my sister and then suddenly you started acting like crazy out of the blue.” Talk about the way you felt instead.Example: “I was on the phone with my sister and then I suddenly felt scared when I saw you looking at me like I was in trouble.”
Don’t try to explain yourself.You often want to explain yourself when having conflicts with your family members，but you don’t have time.You’re being cut off and attacked again. 5 .The more you talk，the less your family members seem to understand and the further away you get from an agreement.
A．If you are looking for a new relationship
B．Don’t attempt to prove yourself in the face of your loved ones
C．The point of an argument isn’t to prove the others guilty or to win
D．Rather than going in circles about what you think and how you feel
E．Each accusation strikes deeper and deeper into your sense of justice
F．Don’t talk about what happened as though you’re simply stating the facts
G．Here are the dos and don’ts when you are arguing with your family members
1．答案　G
解析　根据上文“Having a conflict with your family members is frustrating，and you may feel sad and depressed.”引出话题，提到与家人争吵带来的负面影响以及下文具体介绍了一些解决方法可知，空格处内容应为一个适合作为导读的总结句，引导读者注意下文的建议和提示。选项G“Here are the dos and don’ts when you are arguing with your family members”符合题意，起到承上启下的作用。故选G项。
2．答案　C
解析　根据上文“Do remember that as much as it might feel this way，you’re not in a court of law with your family members.”讲的是和家人争吵并不是像在法庭上一样的争辩以及下文“It is to restore kindness and connection.”可知选项C“The point of an argument isn’t to prove the others guilty or to win”是对上文的语意递进，同时引起下文。故选C项。
3．答案　D
解析　根据上文“Do try to be an advocate of others’ feelings.”以及下文“try to stand in the shoes of your family members.Try to understand their immature ways.”可知，该段主要讲的是站在别人的立场上考虑问题。选项D“Rather than going in circles about what you think and how you feel”和下文形成转折，符合语境。故选D项。
4．答案　F
解析　空格处位于句首，为段落主旨句，应总结该段内容。根据该段下文可知，本段讲的是我们在争吵中不要单纯陈述事实，而是表达自己的感受，以避免对方感到被指责。选项F“Don’t talk about what happened as though you’re simply stating the facts”与下文意思一致，总结该段内容。故选F项。
5．答案　E
解析　上文“You’re being cut off and attacked again.”说明试图为自己辩解带来的不好，下文“The more you talk，the less your family members seem to understand and the further away you get from an agreement.”同样也是讲解释越多，反而效果不好。选项E“Each accusation strikes deeper and deeper into your sense of justice”起到承上启下的作用，使上下文语意连贯。故选E项。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
(2024·湖南永州高一期中)
Heated debates and cold silences usually happen between parents and their children.It is common for teenagers 1. (have) difficult relationships with their parents.Teenagers’ physical and mental changes may result 2. such family tensions(紧张)．You may feel anxious about your 3. (high)，your weight，your changing voice or spots.You often fall into a dilemma(困境) between a new desire for independence 4. a continued need for your parents’ love and support.When it all gets too much，your parents are often the first targets of your anger.It can be 5. big headache to balance your developing mental needs too.It can be difficult when your parents expect you to act like an adult but still treat you like a child,6. may lead to a breakdown in your relationship.
While sometimes it may seem impossible to get along as a family，you can take action to improve the situation.The key to 7. (keep) the peace is regular and honest communication.It is completely normal to suffer from the stress that 8. (cause) by parent-child tensions.9. (lucky)，this stormy period will not last.Everything 10._____________(turn) out all right in the end，and the changes and challenges of your teenage years will prepare you for adulthood.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了父母和青少年关系紧张的原因，并提出了解决办法。
1．答案　to have
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为It be＋adj.＋for sb to do sth句型，It作形式主语，所以空处应用不定式作真正的主语。故填to have。
2．答案　in
解析　考查介词。result in为固定短语，意为“导致”。故填in。
3．答案　height
解析　考查名词。分析句子可知，空处被形容词物主代词your修饰，应用名词。故填height。
4．答案　and
解析　考查连词。between...and...为固定搭配，所以应用连词and。故填and。
5．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。修饰后面的可数名词headache，此处为泛指，且big的首字母发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词a。故填a。
6．答案　which
解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
7．答案　keeping
解析　考查非谓语动词。空前的to是介词，后应接keep的动名词形式作宾语。故填keeping。
8．答案　is caused
解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，本句含有that引导的定语从句，cause作从句谓语，描述客观状态，用一般现在时，主语the stress与cause之间是被动关系。主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is caused。
9．答案　Luckily
解析　考查副词。空处修饰后文句子，应用副词，意为“幸运地”，位于句首首字母应大写。故填Luckily。
10．答案　will turn
解析　考查动词时态。根据句中的“in the end”和“will prepare”可知，这里应用一般将来时。故填will turn。Section Ⅲ　Understanding ideas
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the play mainly about
A．The relationship between family members.
B．The future development of the boy’s music band.
C．Grandpa’s suggestion on what job the son should take in the future.
D．The disagreement between father and son in choosing a future job.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．Why does the boy come to his father
A．Because he intends to have a talk with him.
B．Because he plans to drop out of university.
C．Because he wants to play chess with Grandfather.
D．Because he aims to find some help from his father.
答案　A
2．What’s the father’s first reaction to the boy’s idea about his future
A．Happy. B．Angry.
C．Surprised. D．Calm.
答案　C
3．Which of the following is similar to “jump in with both feet”？
A．Give up.
B．Join a kind of sport.
C．Focus one’s attention on.
D．Begin something without thinking.
答案　D
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．The son would give up music.
B．The son would become a lawyer.
C．The son may try to go to university and play music at the same time.
D．The son and his father agreed with each other at last.
答案　C
5．Which column may the passage be taken from
A．Entertainment. B．Employment.
C．Sports. D．Family.
答案　D
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
The grandfather and the father,1.seated(seat) at the table，were playing chess.The son 2.nervously(nervous) approached the table and told his father he had decided not 3.to go(go) to university.He wanted to focus 4.on/upon his band and have a career in music after leaving school.Hearing what the son said，the father was very surprised.He，who was working as a lawyer，thought playing in a band was not a job and he wanted 5.his(he) son to be a lawyer just like him，because he thought being a lawyer was a 6.respectable(respect) job and people would show respect for lawyers.7.However，the son was not interested in law.When the two were arguing about it，the grandfather advised that the son should think carefully 8.before he jumped in with both 9.feet(foot) and the grandfather said if the son went to university and played music at the same time，he 10.would have(have) two options for his future.Fortunately，the son decided to take Grandfather’s advice and wanted to have a try.
Ⅰ.补句子　析结构
1．Grandfather and Father，seated at the table，are(be) playing chess.(P35)
结构分析：本句为简单句，seated at the table是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰Grandfather and Father，相当于定语从句who are seated at the table。
汉语翻译：祖父和父亲正坐在桌边下棋。
2．I want to focus on/upon my band and have a career in music when I leave school.(P35)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句，when引导时间状语从句。
汉语翻译：我想专心搞我的乐队，毕业后走音乐这条路。
3．You just assume(认为)I want to be a lawyer，but that’s only because you are a lawyer.(P35)
结构分析：本句为but连接的并列复合句，前一个分句中I want to be a lawyer为省略了引导词that的宾语从句；后一个分句中because引导表语从句。
汉语翻译：您以为我想做律师，可那只是因为您自己是律师。
4．I remember when you were his age，you said that you wanted to be a professional(profession) football player.(P35)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句，remember后为省略了that的宾语从句；从句中when引导时间状语从句，that引导宾语从句。
汉语翻译：我记得你像他这么大的时候，你说你想当一名职业足球运动员。
5．Yes，and you have found the career that suits(suit) your talents.(P36)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词the career。
汉语翻译：是的，而且你找到了适合你的天赋的职业。
6．If you go to university and play music at the same time，you will have two options for your future.(P36)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句，If引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来，即“主将从现”。
汉语翻译：如果你边上大学边搞音乐，你将来就会有两种选择。
Ⅱ.研典句　学用法
动名词短语作主语
Playing in a band is not a job.(P35)
搞乐队根本不是份工作。
结构分析：本句为简单句，主语是动名词短语Playing in a band，be动词用的是单数。
————————————————————————————————————————
动名词(短语)作主语表示习惯性、经常性的动作。
动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
动名词(短语)作主语时，有时用 it作形式主语，而把真正的主语置于句尾。常见句型：
It is useless/nice/good/worth/no use/no good/a waste of time＋doing...
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)早上在公园慢跑对你的健康有益。
Jogging in the morning in the park is beneficial to your health.
(2)(应用文写作之建议信) 多交朋友能帮助你快速适应新学校。
Making more friends can help you adapt to the new school quickly.
(3)很显然，劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。
Obviously，it’s a waste of time persuading such a person to join us.
(4)俗话说，覆水难收。
As the saying goes，it is no use crying over the split milk.
课文重点词块默写
1．有其父必有其子like father，like son
2．下象棋play chess
3．向……寻求turn to...for
4．集中(注意力)于focus on
5．提高嗓门raise one’s voice
6．吃惊地，惊讶地in surprise
7．对……感兴趣be interested in
8．(使)平静下来calm down
9．别做白日梦stop daydreaming
10．像某人那么大时be one’s age
11．职业足球运动员a professional football player
12．最后，最终in the end
13．因……而感到自豪be proud of
14．采纳某人的意见take one’s advice
15．仓促参与；全心全意地投入jump in with both feet
16．同时at the same time
17．结识很多新朋友make lots of new friends
训练2　Understanding ideas　[分值：50分]
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分)
(应用文写作——我最尊敬的人——奶奶)
1．我最尊敬的人是我67岁的奶奶。(respect)
The person I respect most is my grandma，who is now 67 years old.
2．当我还是个孩子的时候，她教我一次专注于一件事，这对我很有帮助。(focus)
When I was a child，she taught me to focus on one thing at one time，which was of help to me.
3．每次我遇到麻烦，我都会向她寻求帮助。(turn to)
Every time I was in trouble，I would turn to her for help.
4．她过去经常对我说我有数学天赋，这鼓励了我更加努力地学习。(have a talent for)
She used to tell me I had a talent for math，which encouraged me to work harder.
5．和奶奶在一起是世界上最大的快乐。(v.-ing作主语)
Being together with my grandma is the greatest joy in the world.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
The person I respect most is my grandma，who is now 67 years old.She once worked as the only lawyer in the local community.When I was a child，she taught me to focus on one thing at one time，which was of help to me.Every time I was in trouble，I would turn to her for help.She used to tell me I had a talent for math，which encouraged me to work harder.I am proud of having such a Grandma and being together with her is the greatest joy in the world.
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Little boys don’t like reading any more and even little girls don’t enjoy it as much as they once did.This is the accepted wisdom inside the book industry—and in many British families，too.Parents and booksellers tend to blame the growing appeal of online entertainment and handheld games，but research from the US is challenging these assumptions.
Michael Norris，an American publishing expert，will release findings in the monthly Book Publishing Report which show that，despite the best intentions，it is well-meaning mothers and fathers who often stop their sons and daughters from picking up the reading habit.
“Parents have too much of a role in deciding which books their children are going to read，” said Norris.“It is turning children off.”
The results of a number of surveys Norris has carried out with hundreds of American booksellers over the past year have provided the basis for a series of tips for parents designed to help children find enjoyment in books.
One of his tips is to make sure children talk directly to a librarian or a bookseller，while parents stand well back.Parents should allow children to choose their own reading material.“Even if a mother or father is just standing with the child when the bookseller asks them what they like to read，we have found that the child will give an answer they think their parent wants to hear.It will not be the same answer they would give alone，” said Norris.
Norris’s another tip for parents is that they do not attempt to limit books to one age range.“What we have found is that parents should not worry whether a title looks too young or too old for a child.If a book has caught their attention，then let them take it.Children often enjoy reading books that are easy for them to understand.” Norris said.“My father made me read The Hunt for Red October by Tom Clancy when I was much too young and I have never read another Clancy since.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。出版专家迈克尔·诺里斯的一项调查结果表明，现在的孩子读书越来越少，并不能完全归咎于电子产品，一些父母对孩子阅读书目的干涉限制了他们养成阅读的习惯。
1．What did Norris think prevents children from enjoying reading
A．Children’s interest in handheld games.
B．The declining market of the book industry.
C．Parents’ influence on children’s book selection.
D．The growing popularity of online entertainment.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，父母过分干涉孩子读什么书，会使孩子们失去阅读兴趣，即父母对孩子书目选择的影响阻止了孩子们享受阅读，故选C。
2．What do we learn about the new study
A．It’s published to improve book sales.
B．It mainly focuses on British families.
C．It involves many years’ efforts.
D．It was conducted by Norris.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，这项研究是诺里斯组织进行的。故选D。
3．What should parents do to help kids get their favourite books at bookstores
A．Introduce new books regularly.
B．Let them talk with booksellers alone.
C．Discuss popular books with children.
D．Seek expert advice from booksellers.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中“One of his tips is to make sure children talk directly to a librarian or a bookseller，while parents stand well back.”可知，父母应让孩子单独与书商交谈，故选B。
4．What did Norris think of his father’s act
A．It was totally wrong.
B．It was quite necessary.
C．It aroused his interest in reading.
D．It showed parents’ worries about kids.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“My father made me read The Hunt for Red October by Tom Clancy when I was much too young and I have never read another Clancy since.”可知，诺里斯认为他父亲的行为是错误的。故选A。
B
While family fun is often connected with new and exciting activities，family leisure(休闲) spent at home may be a better way to find happiness，according to a study.“That may be because when the brain is focused on new information，such as taking part in an unfamiliar activity with unfamiliar people in a new location，less ‘brain power’ is left to focus on the family relationships，” said lead author Karen Melton.
While research results suggest that all quality time together helps to lead to satisfaction with family life，“all family leisure is not equal，” she said.“The best predictor(预示物) of happiness for families may be spending quality time together in familiar activities inside the home.And that’s great news for families who have little time or few resources.”
For the study，researchers followed 1,502 people in 884 families in the United Kingdom.Each family taking part in the online research had at least one child between the ages of 11 and 15.They answered questions about whether they took part in family leisure in the past year and if so，what activities (from 16 types) they did，how much time they spent doing them and how frequently they did so.
The study showed that the expression “The family that plays together stays together！” is not always true.“Family members can also express stress and anger as well as pleasure during leisure time，” Melton said.“The activities alone will not heal the wounds of hurting families.”
Melton noted that some studies support the idea that eating together is one of the best predictors of happiness for families，while watching TV is seen as less helpful for people’s happiness.But families should question one-size-fits-all ideas.“For some families，quality togetherness is having dinner together or playing games; for others，it may be hobbies，videos，TV or music，” Melton said.“At the end of the day，what matters is that we are social beings who want to belong to a group and have close relationships.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现在家里进行休闲活动会使家庭更加幸福。
5．According to the study，which activity may bring the most happiness to a family
A．Watching a movie at home.
B．Traveling to another city.
C．Climbing a mountain with strangers.
D．Attending a community event with neighbors.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The best predictor(预示物) of happiness for families may be spending quality time together in familiar activities inside the home.”并结合选项可知，符合“在家里”和“熟悉的活动”这两个条件的活动就是在家看电影。故选A。
6．What do Karen Melton’s words in paragraph 4 suggest
A．Family members always argue with each other.
B．Family members sometimes need some time alone.
C．Family leisure makes it hard to share your true feelings.
D．Family leisure can include sharing positive and negative feelings.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Family members can also express stress and anger as well as pleasure during leisure time”可知，家庭成员在休闲时间期间会表达压力和愤怒，也会表达愉悦，由此可推断出Karen Melton的话暗示了家庭休闲活动包括分享积极和消极的情感。故选D。
7．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Happy families often take part in creative activities.
B．It is important that family members have common interests.
C．Different families have different ways to spend quality time.
D．It is hard for some families to find the perfect family leisure.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二、三句可知，不同的家庭度过黄金时光的方式是不同的。故选C项。
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．Family Leisure Can Do Good to Your Health
B．Leisure at Home Makes Your Family Happier
C．How to Organize Good Family Activities at Home
D．Why Should We Spend More Time with Loved Ones
答案　B
解析　标题归纳题。综合全文内容，尤其根据第一段第一句可知，文章主要讲的是研究发现在家里进行休闲活动会使家庭更幸福。故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分)
(2024·山东泰安高一期中)
When I was little，I spent much time at my grandfather’s house，watching him paint all day long.What I remember most was how he 1 painting old ships.
As I grew up，we hardly 2 .I noticed he didn’t really 3 much anymore.About a year ago，he had a heart attack.In and out of the 4 for a while，he recovered but was still 5 ，moving around his house in a wheelchair.
Then，I started 6 his house and we began to talk more.We discussed life and our interests.Every time I 7 ，he wanted to talk a lot.I figured he was lonely and enjoyed the 8 .Wondering why he didn’t start painting again，I made it a point to casually(不经意地) 9 it when I came over，telling him often that he should paint again.It 10 ！He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards.He asked me about colors and 11 me his paintings.I loved the way he painted the 12 ships.He looked happier.Painting seemed to have brought back some 13 part of him.
Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer.Despite his seventy-five years of age，I 14 to discourage him from painting.Days like these are 15 ，and I enjoy the little moments.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小的时候，爷爷整天画画。爷爷生病之后，作者经常帮爷爷打扫房子，并让爷爷重新拾起画笔画画，两人的关系更加亲近。
1．A.missed B．started
C．loved D．avoided
答案　C
解析　miss想念；avoid避免。根据第三段的“I loved the way he painted the ships.He looked happier.”可知，爷爷喜欢画旧船。故选C。
2．A.fought B．explored
C．spoke D．traveled
答案　C
解析　fight战斗；explore探索。根据第三段的“Then，I started his house and we began to talk more.”可知，随着作者的成长，他们很少交谈了。故选C。
3．A.paint B．laugh
C．exercise D．care
答案　A
解析　paint绘画；laugh大笑；exercise锻炼；care关心。根据第三段的“Wondering why he didn’t start painting again”可知，作者注意到爷爷很少画画了。故选A。
4．A.office B．hospital
C．ship D．city
答案　B
解析　根据“About a year ago，he had a heart attack.”可知，爷爷因心脏病住院。故选B。
5．A.positive B．busy
C．calm D．weak
答案　D
解析　positive积极的；calm镇静的；weak虚弱的。根据“he recovered”和转折词but可知，爷爷虽然康复了，但身体还很虚弱。故选D。
6．A.searching B．repairing
C．sharing D．cleaning
答案　D
解析　search寻找；repair修理；share分享。根据末段的“Cleaning for my grandpa has brought us closer.”可知，作者为爷爷打扫房子。故选D。
7．A.set off B．came over
C．looked around D．called back
答案　B
解析　set off出发；come over前来，到访；look around环视；call back回电话。根据“he wanted to talk a lot”可知，作者一到来，爷爷就想和作者交谈。故选B。
8．A.company B．freedom
C．challenge D．rest
答案　A
解析　company陪伴；freedom自由；challenge挑战；rest休息。根据“I figured he was lonely”可知，爷爷孤单，喜欢有人陪伴。故选A。
9．A.drop B．answer
C．request D．mention
答案　D
解析　drop落下；request请求；mention提及。根据本句“Wondering why he didn’t start painting again”可知，作者向爷爷提及画画这件事。故选D。
10．A.happened B．continued
C．appeared D．worked
答案　D
解析　happen发生；continue继续；appear出现；work起作用。根据“He started sending me to buy paint and poster boards.”可知，作者的话起作用了。故选D。
11．A.showed B．lent
C．promised D．delivered
答案　A
解析　show展示；lend借出；promise许诺；deliver递送。根据“I loved the way he painted the ships.”可知，爷爷向作者展示他画的画。故选A。
12．A.broken B．ancient
C．empty D．foreign
答案　B
解析　broken破碎的；ancient古老的；empty空的；foreign外国的。根据“What I remember most was how he painting old ships.”可知，爷爷喜欢画古代的船。故选B。
13．A.youthful B．smart
C．fun D．secret
答案　A
解析　youthful年轻的；smart聪明的；fun有趣的；secret秘密的。根据“He looked happier.”可知，爷爷更加快乐，绘画让爷爷恢复了一些年轻的活力。故选A。
14．A.manage B．decide
C．refuse D．fail
答案　C
解析　manage设法做；decide决定；refuse拒绝；fail失败。根据“Despite his seventy-five years of age”可知，爷爷虽然年事已高，但作者拒绝阻止爷爷画画。故选C。
15．A.difficult B．ordinary
C．valuable D．long
答案　C
解析　ordinary普通的；valuable有价值的。根据“and I enjoy the little moments”可知，作者认为这样的日子很有价值。故选C。Section Ⅳ　Grammar
阅读以下短文，体会加黑部分，完成下面的练习
There ①are amusement parks，theme parks and zoos in my city.My parents and I ②will visit the most famous local zoo tomorrow.Actually，I ③went there last year with my friends，and the zoo left a deep impression on me.We spent three hours there and had great fun.So far，millions of visitors ④have visited the zoo and I believe more visitors ⑤will come in the future.How I wish to have an early visit to it again.This afternoon，I spent two hours making preparations.Now I ⑥am wondering how I will enjoy my trip.
[自主发现]：以上黑体部分在句中使用了不同的时态，表示谓语动词的动作发生在不同的时间。其中①使用了一般现在时；②和⑤使用了一般将来时；③使用了一般过去时；④使用了现在完成时，其构成是have/has＋过去分词；⑥使用了现在进行时，其构成是am/is/are＋现在分词。
复习时态
英语中以不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，这种表示动作或状态发生时间和形式的动词形式被称作动词时态。本课时主要复习一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般将来时和一般过去时这五种时态。
一、一般现在时
1．构成：动词原形或动词的第三人称单数形式。
2．基本用法：
(1)表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常和often，always，usually，sometimes，every day，once a while，from time to time，nowadays等时间状语连用。
I often read books in my spare time.
在空闲时间我经常看书。
We go to school at 6 am every day.
我们每天早晨六点去上学。
(2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。
Mary is good at music.
玛丽擅长音乐。
He knows a lot of English.
他很懂英语。
(3)表示客观事实或普遍真理。
Pride goes before a fall.
骄者必败。
The sun rises early and sets late in summer.
太阳在夏天升得早、落得晚。
(4)在时间、让步和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.
等他来了，我们再开始讨论。
You’ll make great progress if you work hard.
你如果努力学习，就会取得很大进步。
(5)表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事，通常限于表示“位置转移”的非延续性动词(词组)，如go，come，leave，start，begin，open，close，arrive，take off等，其后常跟表示将来的时间状语。
The train leaves at 7∶25 this evening.
火车今晚7∶25开。
Our summer vacation begins in early July.
我们的暑假七月初开始。
(6)用于文学、影视作品等的情节介绍、评论等。
Harry Potter is set in the modern world.
《哈利·波特》以现代世界为背景。
二、现在进行时
1．构成：be＋现在分词。
2．基本用法：
(1)表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，常与now，at present，at this moment等时间状语及look，listen 等标志词连用。
All the classmates are reviewing the lessons in the classroom now.
现在所有同学正在教室里复习功课。
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作，常与these days，this week/month，recently等连用。
Milla is working on a new book these days about stories in schools.
米拉最近在写一本关于校园故事的新书。
(3)表示经常、反复发生的动作，常与always，continually，constantly，forever等表示频度的副词连用，常含有厌烦、愤怒、抱怨、赞扬等情感。
She is always thinking of others instead of herself.
她总是想着别人而不是她自己。(赞扬)
The boy is constantly asking such silly questions.
那个男孩老是问这种愚蠢的问题。(不耐烦)
(4)非延续性动词如go，come，start，leave，arrive，return等可用现在进行时代替一般将来时，表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。
Mr Smith is leaving for Nanjing tonight.
史密斯先生今晚要去南京。
I forgot that Mr Ronald is arriving tomorrow morning.
我忘了罗纳德先生明天上午要过来。
三、现在完成时
1．构成：have/has＋过去分词。
2．基本用法：
(1)表示动作发生在过去，但对现在造成了一定的影响，常与already，yet，never，before，so far，up to now等连用。
I have already made a plan for my study ahead of schedule.我已经提前制定了学习计划。
(2)表示从过去开始持续到现在并有可能持续下去的动作或状态，这时往往与表示一段时间的状语连用，如lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，since two days ago，for a long time等。
We have learned English for eight years.
我们已经学英语八年了。
He’s lived in London since three years ago.
自从三年前他就住在伦敦。
试比较：
She has lived in Paris for twenty years.
她在巴黎住了20年了。(还可能继续住下去)
She lived in Paris for twenty years.
她在巴黎住了20年。(现在已经不在那儿住了)
(3)在“It/This is the first/second/...time＋that从句”与“It/This is the＋序数词或形容词最高级＋名词＋that从句”这两个句型中，从句中的谓语要用现在完成时。
It is the first time I have driven a car.
这是我第一次开车。
This is the most interesting film he has made.
这是他拍过的最有趣的电影。
(4)在条件、时间或让步状语从句中代替将来完成时。
I’ll go to the party as soon as I have finished my homework.我一完成作业就会去参加聚会。
四、一般将来时
1．构成：shall/will＋动词原形，be going to＋动词原形，be (about) to＋动词原形。
2．基本用法：
(1)shall/will＋动词原形，表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态，特别是在表示意愿、客观性的事情或在某条件下临时决定去做的事情时只能用此结构。
I think they will help you if you tell them.
我认为如果你告诉他们，他们就会帮助你。
—Tom was badly injured in the accident yesterday.
—Oh，I didn’t know.I will see him after work.
——汤姆在昨天的事故中受伤很严重。
——哦，我不知道。我下班后去看他。(临时决定)
(2)will＋动词原形，表示习惯性的动作或倾向性。
Wherever he goes，he will take an umbrella with him.无论去哪儿，他总是随身带着一把伞。
Oil will float on water.
油总是浮在水上。
(3)除“shall/will＋动词原形”构成一般将来时外，以下形式也可构成将来时：
①be going to＋动词原形，表示即将发生的事情或近期准备、打算、有迹象表明要做某事。
What are you going to do next Sunday
下星期日你打算干什么？
Look，it’s going to rain.瞧，要下雨了。
②be about to＋动词原形，表示“正要做某事；马上要做某事”，不与具体表示将来的时间状语连用，但常与when连用。
He was about to go out when the telephone rang.他正要出去，电话铃突然响了。
③be to＋动词原形，表示按计划、职责、义务、约定要发生的动作。
Who is to clean the classroom today
今天该谁打扫教室了？
五、一般过去时
1．构成：动词过去式。
2．基本用法
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与明确表示过去的时间状语如yesterday，last week，in 1949，a few days ago等连用。
I graduated from No.2 Middle School three years ago.三年前我从二中毕业。
She got up，washed her face，cleaned her teeth，had her breakfast and then went to work.她起床后，洗完脸，刷完牙，吃过早饭，然后去上班。
—Haven’t seen you for ages! Where have you been
—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year，teaching as a volunteer.
——很久没有见到你了！你去哪里了？
——我去了宁夏，在那里待了一年，做了一名志愿者老师。
(2)表示过去时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态，常与in those days，at that time，often，usually，sometimes等连用。
I often went to school on foot last term.
上学期我经常步行去上学。
Her father usually did some housework at home last year.
去年她爸爸常常在家做些家务。
(3)在条件、时间、让步等状语从句中通常可用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
They planned to go outing if it was fine the next day.如果第二天天气好，他们计划外出。
Ⅰ.用所给动词的正确形式补全对话
Dad：Adam，Sally，come here.Mum 1. has(have) something to tell you.
Adam：Coming!
Sally：Coming!
Mum：I 2.called(call) Grandma yesterday and invited her to our house this Sunday.We 3.will throw(throw) her a big birthday party! So，we each need to choose a present.
Adam：I know—I 4.will give(give) her a new tea set.She 5.likes(like) drinking tea!
Mum：Good choice.What about you，Sally
Sally：I 6.am thinking(think) of making a scarf for her.
Mum：Good idea.I’m sure Grandma 7.will love(love) it.Oh,8. have you 9.finished(finish) the guest list yet，dear
Dad：Yes，I have，and I 10.am working(work) on the invitations now.
Mum：OK.So we still need to prepare food and drinks.I’ll make a checklist.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．If it rains tomorrow，we will stay at home.
如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里。
2．We are to meet at the school gate at six in the morning.
我们定于早上六点在学校门口见面。
3．Tom wanted to help us yesterday，but he was too busy.
汤姆昨天本想帮助我们，但他太忙了。
4．In the last five years，Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents.
在过去的五年里，曹走过了六大洲的34个国家。
5．She is a considerate person who is always thinking more of her friends than of herself.
她是一个善解人意的人，总是为她的朋友着想多于为自己着想。
训练3　Grammar　[分值：77.5分]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．He is about to come(come) back.Please wait for a moment.
2．Our teacher told us that the earth moves(move) around the sun.
3．If you work hard，you will succeed(succeed) in passing the exam.
4．The flight takes(take) off at 2：30 pm every Wednesday and Friday.
5．As long as you have cleaned(clean) all the windows，you are allowed to play.
6．My uncle is writing(write) a book about Chinese history these days.
7．It is the first time that I have spoken(speak) English with a foreigner.
8．Go straight on，and at the street corner you will find(find) a big supermarket.
9．The boy is jogging(jog) on the playground when the headmaster approaches.
10．After he retired(retire) from office，Tom took up painting for a while，but soon lost interest.
Ⅱ.完成句子(共5小题；每小题3分，共15分)
1．The naughty boy is always talking with his deskmate.
这个顽皮的男孩总是和他的同桌说话。
2．Sometimes I just relaxed under a tree or sat on the grass.
有时我仅仅是在树下休息或是在草地上坐一坐。
3．This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema together as a family.
这是我们第一次全家一起在电影院看电影。
4．If my brother comes back from Beijing tomorrow，I will ask him to visit you.
如果我哥哥明天从北京回来，我会让他去拜访你。
5．In the last few years，China has made great achievements in environmental protection.
近几年来，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大的成就。
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
The evidence for harmony(和睦) may not be obvious in some families.But it seems that four out of five young people now get on with their parents.
An important new study into teenage attitudes shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past.“We were surprised by just how positive today’s young people seem to be about their families，” says one member of the research team.“They’re expected to be rebellious(叛逆的) but actually they have other things in their minds; they want a car and other material goods，and they worry whether school is serving them well.There’re more negotiations(协商) between parents and children，and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process.”
So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends.“My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me，” says 17-year-old Daniel Lazall.“I always tell them when I’m going out.As long as they know what I’m doing，they’re fine with it.” Susan Crome，who is now 21，agrees.“Looking back on the last 10 years，there was a lot of what you could call negotiations.For example，as long as I’d done all my homework，I could go out on a Saturday night.But I think my grandparents were a lot stricter with my parents than that.”
One of the researchers comments，“Our astonishment that teenagers say they get along well with their parents comes because of a brief period in our social history when teenagers were regarded as different beings.But that idea of rebelling and breaking away from their parents really only happened during that one time in the 1960s.Now，the situation has changed.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项关于青少年态度的研究，研究表明现在的家庭生活比过去更和谐——父母更愿意把孩子当作朋友，与孩子进行协商和决策，青少年也更愿意与父母沟通。
1．What does the new study show
A．Teenagers are more rebellious.
B．Teenagers worry more about studies.
C．Teenagers dislike making family decisions.
D．Teenagers have more negotiations with families.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“An important new study into teenage attitudes shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past.”以及“There’re more negotiations(协商) between parents and children，and children expect to take part in the family decision-making process.”可知，研究发现现在的家庭更加和谐，孩子和父母之间的协商更多了。故选D。
2．What can we know about today’s parents
A．They are stricter than before.
B．They are more independent.
C．They give their children more freedom.
D．They care less about their children’s life.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“So it seems that this generation of parents is much more likely than parents of 30 years ago to treat their children as friends.”以及本段下文中列举的Daniel Lazall和Susan Crome的例子可知，这一代的父母更把他们的孩子当作朋友，相比于上一代父母给孩子更多的自由。故选C。
3．What does the underlined word “astonishment” mean in paragraph 4
A．Surprise. B．Aim.
C．Memory. D．Option.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，社会历史上有一段短暂的时期，青少年被视为不同的人，而如今青少年说他们与父母相处得很好，这是让人感到意外的。故画线词与A选项为同义词，意为“惊讶”。故选A。
4．What is the passage mainly about
A．Discussion in family.
B．Harmony in family.
C．Teenage trouble in family.
D．Teenage education in family.
答案　B
解析　主旨大意题。根据第二段中“An important new study into teenage attitudes shows that their family life is more harmonious than it has ever been in the past.”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述了一项关于青少年态度的研究，研究表明现在的家庭生活比过去更和谐——父母更愿意把孩子当作朋友，与孩子进行协商和决策，青少年也更愿意与父母沟通。故B选项可概括文章主要内容。故选B。
B
Family traditions are experiences or activities that are passed down between generations.These traditions can be as unique and special as the family itself.In addition to being something to look forward to，traditions also establish a foundation for family values and serve as special bonding(联系，连接) experiences.
Traditions can provide families with a sense of identity(身份) and belonging.They can inspire positive feelings and memories upon which family members can recall.Family traditions also provide a sense of continuity across generations.In other words，they are a way of transferring the family’s values，history，and culture from one generation to the next.
People create and maintain family traditions because they bring meaning to celebrations and foster(培养) special bonds.More importantly，traditions create positive experiences and memories for everyone by nurturing(培养，促进) a family’s connection and giving them a sense of belonging.
Family traditions also help children understand who they are and what is important to the family to which they belong.Traditions create a connection for children that comes from feeling like they are part of something that is unique and extraordinary.Family traditions can even contribute to children’s self-esteem(自尊) and enhance(加强) their well-being(幸福)．After all，children find comfort and security when things are predictable and consistent.
Family traditions don’t have to be formal nor do they have to cost money.All that is required to create a new family tradition is something meaningful to your family and a little creativity.Additionally，family traditions do not have to revolve(围绕) around the holidays.You can create family traditions for just about any time of year.Simply look for ways for your family to spend time together doing something they enjoy.
5．What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us
A．The way of creating family traditions.
B．The foundation of family values and bonds.
C．The definition and function of family traditions.
D．The effects of family traditions on family members.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第一段中“Family traditions are...”和“In addition to being something to look forward to，traditions also establish...and serve as...”可知，本段主要讲的是家庭传统的概念与功能，故选C项。
6．What does the underlined word “transferring” in paragraph 2 probably mean
A．Passing down. B．Going against.
C．Taking away. D．Referring to.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“from one generation to the next”可推理出画线词的含义为“传递”。故选A项。
7．Why are family traditions important for children
A．They help children love their parents more.
B．They help children behave well in the family.
C．They help children become successful in business.
D．They benefit the development of children’s body and mind.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段可推理出，家庭传统对儿童的身心发展有益，故选D项。
8．What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A．Explain ways to spend holidays.
B．Advise creating family traditions.
C．Discuss how to enjoy family time.
D．Stress the importance of saving money.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段尤其最后两句可推理出本段的目的是建议人们创造家庭传统，故选B项。
Ⅳ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
Improving your family life can help make your family members closer and prevent conflicts from getting in the way of everyone’s happiness. 1
Talk to your family members at the end of the day. 2 That way，they can understand you and generally know what’s going on in your life.In turn，it is equally important that you know about their lives too，so that they feel understood，supported and realize that they are not alone.
Set aside time for regular family activities.You can do fun activities together to relax yourselves. 3 If possible，leave at least an afternoon or evening per week for a family activity.Keep it low-key，and focus on having fun together and enjoying each other’s company.
Show sincere concern about your family members. 4 If you love them，then tell them that you love them.If you care about them，tell them this.Go out of your way to remind each family member what glues you all together—love，care and support.
5 Do not always give a lot of advice to your family members.Just hear them out at times.That is all they need.Make eye contact with them，nod your head，and say things like，“I understand，” when appropriate.Make sure they know that whatever they are talking about，you are there to listen and be supportive.
By doing so，you can surely develop a close family relationship with your family members.
A．Be an active listener.
B．Do not keep your feelings bottled up.
C．You can also surprise them with presents.
D．Remember to make eye contact with them.
E．It is very important that you let them know about your life.
F．These could include bike rides，walks，playing cards or board games.
G．The following ways can make your time with your family more enjoyable.
1．答案　G
解析　空前内容说明了改善家庭生活是有很多好处的，空后四段讲了改善家庭生活的方法，G选项“The following ways can make your time with your family more enjoyable.”提出有方法可以改善家庭生活，承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
2．答案　E
解析　本段主题句是“Talk to your family members at the end of the day.”，因此本段主要讲的是要和家人谈话，空后“That way，they can understand you and generally know what’s going on in your life.”说明了跟家人谈话可以让家人知道你生活中发生了什么，因此空格处应该也是说让家人了解自己的生活，所以E选项符合语境，故选E。
3．答案　F
解析　空前“Set aside time for regular family activities.You can do fun activities together to relax yourselves.”说明了要留出时间和家人一起参加一些活动，空格处也是关于这些活动的，F选项说明了这些活动包括些什么，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
4．答案　B
解析　本段主题句是“Show sincere concern about your family members.”，因此本段主要讲的是要真诚关心家人，空后“If you love them，then tell them that you love them.If you care about them，tell them this.”说明要表达自己对家人的爱，不要藏着不说，B选项说明了不要压抑自己的感情，和空后内容一致，符合语境，故选B。
5．答案　A
解析　空格处是本段主题句，由空后“Do not always give a lot of advice to your family members.Just hear them out at times.”可知，本段主要讲的是要学会倾听，A选项说明了要积极地倾听，因此概括本段内容，可作为主题句，故选A。
Ⅴ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
I was tidying my room yesterday and 1. (find) an old photo in a notebook.It was a photo taken in our kitchen，in which my mother looked at me very kindly，with a big smile on her face.As I was looking at it，the lovely 2. (memorize) of that day came back to me.
It was my mother’s birthday ten years ago，and I decided 3. (surprise) her with home-made scrambled eggs.I woke up really early and tiptoed to the kitchen.I had never cooked anything 4. ，so I tried to copy how she did it.But somehow they ended up burnt.I was about to throw everything away 5. my mother came in.I showed her the eggs and sadly explained 6. happened.7. my surprise，she tasted them and said they weren’t bad! I guess love is indeed a 8. (power) ingredient.In fact，we ended up 9. (laugh) and ate them all.
This weekend is her 45th birthday.I 10. (make) scrambled eggs for her again，and this time I’m sure I can do a better job!
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一张照片回忆起了在妈妈的生日时做炒鸡蛋的事情，并决定在妈妈45岁生日时再次为她做炒鸡蛋。
1．答案　found
解析　考查动词时态。分析句子可知，and连接并列谓语，由上文的was tidying和yesterday可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，故填found。
2．答案　memory
解析　考查名词。形容词修饰名词，此处指“那天的回忆”用单数，故填memory。
3．答案　to surprise
解析　考查不定式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”是固定用法，故填to surprise。
4．答案　before
解析　考查副词。根据句意，此处表示“以前从来没有做过饭”，所以用副词before“以前”，作时间状语，故填before。
5．答案　when
解析　考查连词。分析句子可知，此处表示“我正要把它们都倒掉，这时妈妈进来了”，所以用“be about to do...when...”，故填when。
6．答案　what
解析　考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，动词explained后是宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的事情”，故填what。
7．答案　To
解析　考查介词。to one’s surprise“令某人吃惊的是”是固定短语，符合句意，且位于句首，首字母应大写，故填To。
8．答案　powerful
解析　考查形容词。句意：我想爱确实是一种强大的食材。修饰名词ingredient应用形容词作定语，故填powerful。
9．答案　laughing
解析　考查非谓语动词。end up doing sth“以做某事结束”是固定用法，故填laughing。
10．答案　will make
解析　考查动词时态。根据上文“This weekend is her 45th birthday.”可知，此处表示将来的动作，故用一般将来时，故填will make。Section Ⅴ　Listening and Speaking
Ⅰ.选择填空(高考形式)
Listen to the conversation on P40 and choose the best answer.
1．Why does Alice sound upset
A．Because she is catching a cold.
B．Because she is annoyed with her mother.
C．Because she didn’t perform well at the school play.
答案　B
2．Why did Alice’s mother miss her daughter’s performance
A．Because she was not invited to the play.
B．Because she was off sick.
C．Because she was really busy with work.
答案　C
3．What does Alice’s mother plan to do next week
A．Go to the countryside.
B．Buy Alice a nice present.
C．Have a big dinner with Alice.
答案　A
Ⅱ.听力填空(精听训练)
Listen to the conversation on P40 again and fill in the blanks.
Alice：[sadly] Mum，it’s me...
Mum：Alice？What’s wrong？You sound 1.upset.
Alice：[sadly] I knew it...
Mum：Oh，no！I forgot，didn’t I？Your concert was today，and I missed it!
Alice：It wasn’t a concert.It was 2.the school play.And yes，you missed it.
Mum：Alice，I’m so sorry！I was really busy with work.Someone was 3.off sick，so I had to do his work，too.
Alice：Couldn’t you have asked someone else to do it？I know work is very important to you，it’s just...Everyone said I was really good in the play.I wanted you to see it，too.
Mum：I’m sorry I didn’t 4.make it，dear.You worked so hard on your part，and I’m so 5.proud of you.I should have been there.I promise I’ll never do it again！Can you forgive me
Alice：It’s all right.I understand you’re very busy.But you’ve worked so much recently.You need some time off to 6.relax.I don’t like seeing you so tired and pale.
Mum：I know，dear.Perhaps next week I could take a day off，and we could go to the 7.countryside.
Alice：[happily] That sounds wonderful！We can 8.go camping and have a picnic in the hills.
Mum：And we can really talk and 9.catch up!
Alice：I’d love that!
Mum：OK，I’ll talk to my 10.manager about it.Bye for now!
Alice：Bye，Mum！Love you!Section Ⅵ　Developing ideas
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．An exciting World Triathlon Series
B．Brotherly love shown in a fierce competition.
C．People’s different opinions about the Brownlee brothers.
D．Love and competition are equally important in the match.
答案　B
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．When did the story take place
A．During a marathon.
B．During the Olympic Games.
C．During the World Championship.
D．During the 2016 World Triathlon Series.
答案　D
2．What can we know from the first paragraph
A．Alistair Brownlee had to be pushed by others in the race.
B．Jonny was faster than his brother at first.
C．It was extremely cold the day when the triathlon was held.
D．Alistair found it hard to choose whether to help his brother or not.
答案　B
3．Why does Alistair think that having a brother is “an advantage”？
A．Because he can’t leave his brother when they train.
B．Because his brother sets him a good example to learn from.
C．Because he likes arguing with his brother over stupid things.
D．Because his brother can bring him positive force.
答案　D
4．What can we know from Alistair’s explanation for his decision
A．Alistair is afraid of his mother.
B．Alistair really treats himself as a brother.
C．Alistair’s mother loves his brother more than him.
D．Alistair doesn’t like others’ opinions on his actions.
答案　B
5．Which words can be applied to the relationship between Alistair and his brother
A．Hate and cooperation.
B．Admiration and judgement.
C．Support and encouragement.
D．Punishment and competition.
答案　C
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
It was the final part of the 2016 World Triathlon Series in Mexico.With only 700 metres 1.to go(go)，Alistair pushed 2.himself(he) towards the finish line in the 3.burning(burn) heat，but he saw his younger brother，Jonny，about to fall onto the track when he came round the corner.Alistair had to choose—brotherly love，or a chance to win the race Without second thought，Alistair ran towards Jonny,4.caught(catch) him and started pulling him towards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brother over the line.The move put Jonny in 5.second(two) place and Alistair himself in third，which aroused divided opinions.It was 6.an unexpected end to the race，but Alistair did not want to discuss it 7.with the media.He just wanted to see his younger brother,8.who had been rushed to the medical area.After the 9.competition(compete)，Alistair said that his decision was easy to explain，because at that moment，he was no 10.longer(long) an athlete aiming for a medal—he was just a brother.
Ⅰ.补句子　析结构
1．With just 700 metres to go，Alistair Brownlee was in third(three) place and his younger brother，Jonny，was in the lead.(P42 Para.1)
结构分析：本句为and连接的并列句。句中With just 700 metres to go为with复合结构作状语。
汉语翻译：距终点还有700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利位列第三，他的弟弟乔尼处于领先地位。
2．Alistair pushed himself(he) towards the finish line in the burning heat，but as he came round the corner，he saw his brother about to fall(fall) onto the track.(P42 Para.1)
结构分析：本句为but连接的并列复合句。第二个分句中as引导时间状语从句。
汉语翻译：阿利斯泰尔在酷热中奋力奔向终点，但就在他转过弯道时，却看到弟弟快要倒在跑道上。
3．Alistair ran towards Jonny，caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.(P42 Para.2)
结构分析：本句为简单句。句中有三个并列的谓语动词，分别为ran，caught和started。
汉语翻译：阿利斯泰尔跑向乔尼，抓住他，并拖着他跑向终点。
4．He just wanted to see his younger(young) brother，who had been rushed(rush) to the medical area.(P43 Para.2)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句。who引导非限制性定语从句。
汉语翻译：他只想去探望被紧急送到医疗区的弟弟。
5．The Brownlee brothers have been doing(do) triathlons since they were children.(P43 Para.3)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句。since引导时间状语从句。
汉语翻译：布朗利兄弟从小就接触铁人三项。
6．Alistair says that they encourage each other as much as they can when they train.(P44 Para.3)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句。that引导宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句。
汉语翻译：阿利斯泰尔称，他们在训练的时候尽可能地互相鼓励。
7．Despite arguments(argue) over “stupid things” now and then，Alistair agrees that having a brother is(be) an advantage.(P44 Para.3)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句。that引导宾语从句，从句的主语是having a brother。
汉语翻译：尽管偶尔会为一些“蠢事”争吵，阿利斯泰尔仍然觉得有个兄弟是种优势。
8．Throughout my entire life，I’ve had my brother trying(try) to beat me at everything I do.(P44 Para.3)
结构分析：本句为主从复合句。I do是省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。
汉语翻译：在我的一生中，我的弟弟总想在各个方面打败我。
9．Watched by millions，the ending to the race has divided(divide) opinions...(P44 Para.4)
结构分析：本句为简单句。Watched by millions是过去分词短语作状语，表示分词动作与句子主语是被动关系。
汉语翻译：有数百万人目睹了这场比赛的结尾，但对此也是众说纷纭……
10．Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind.(P44 Para.4)
结构分析：本句为if引导的虚拟条件句。主句用would/could/should/might＋have done，从句用过去完成时，表示对过去情况的虚拟。
汉语翻译：要是我撇下乔尼，妈妈肯定会不高兴的。
Ⅱ.研典句　学用法
主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式
But for Alistair，his decision was easy to explain...(P44 Para.4)
但是对阿利斯泰尔而言，他的决定很容易解释……
结构分析：本句为简单句。his decision was easy to explain是“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其中主语his decision和及物动词explain构成动宾关系。
————————————————————————————————————————
该句型中常常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须符合两个前提条件：
形容词说明不定式的性质或特征，常见的此类形容词有difficult，hard，easy，good，comfortable，pleasant，interesting，exciting等。
不定式的动词和句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但是形式上用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。若不定式的动词为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)Luckily，it is easy to follow the lawyer’s explanations.
→Luckily，the lawyer’s explanations are easy to follow.
(2)对我来说这个问题很难在这么短的时间内解决。
The problem is difficult for me to work out in such a short time.
(3)这把扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。
The armchair looks rather hard，but it is very comfortable to sit in.
(4)每天早上我都会去附近的公园慢跑，因为早上的空气呼吸起来真好。
Every morning I would go jogging in the nearby park，because the morning air is so good to breathe.
课文重点词块默写
1．2016年世界铁人三项系列赛the 2016 World Triathlon Series
2．位居第三in third place
3．领先in the lead
4．终点线the finish line
5．在酷热中in the burning heat
6．转过弯come round the corner
7．兄弟情brotherly love
8．处于困境，陷入麻烦in trouble
9．意外的结局an unexpected end
10．被紧急送往…… be rushed to
11．互相鼓励encourage each other
12．不时；偶尔now and then
13．贯穿我的一生throughout my entire life
14．让某人一直做某事have sb doing sth
15．非常积极的动力an enormously positive force
16．不同的观点divided opinions
17．受到高度赞扬be highly praised
18．把……丢下，把……抛在后面leave...behind
训练4　Developing ideas　[分值：50分]
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分)
(应用文写作——家庭矛盾与冲突)
1．随着社会压力的增加，父母和孩子之间的家庭冲突也在增加。(with复合结构)
With the social stress increasing，family conflicts between parents and children are also increasing.
2．父母和孩子之间有各种各样的冲突，从你穿什么或吃什么到你如何选择你的职业或伴侣。(range from...to...)
There are various conflicts between parents and children，ranging from what you wear or what you eat to how you choose your career or partner.
3．我认为，如果我们设身处地为他人着想，这些冲突很容易解决。(as far as I can judge；主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式)
As far as I can judge，these conflicts are easy to settle if we put ourselves in others’ shoes.
4．为了学习一些与父母建立良好关系的技巧，我阅读了一本书。(with the aim of)
I have read a book with the aim of learning some tips on building a good relationship with parents.
5．我相信这本书对那些正在承受家庭压力的人来说也将是一股巨大的积极力量。(an enormously positive force)
I believe this book will be an enormously positive force for those who are suffering family stress too.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
With the social stress increasing，family conflicts between parents and children are also increasing.There are various conflicts between parents and children，ranging from what you wear or what you eat to how you choose your career or partner.As far as I can judge，these conflicts are easy to settle if we put ourselves in others’ shoes.I have read a book with the aim of learning some tips on building a good relationship with parents.And I believe this book will be an enormously positive force for those who are suffering family stress too.
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Josie，who is 17 years old，said，“Why do my parents do the same things they tell me not to do For example，my mum stops me from shouting through the walls and asks me to go and speak to her face-to-face，but she always shouts through the walls to me.What can I do？”
That is a very good point.Parents can be completely inconsistent(不始终如一)，and usually they don’t realize it.You see this a lot in many things like smartphones.Parents always say to their kids，“Oh，you can’t use that.That device(设备) is bad for you，so stop using it at the table.It’s harmful.” But then they are on theirs continually.So what do you expect teenagers to do
The whole “Do as I say，not as I do” thing is an annoyance，especially for a teenager who is dying for independence and respect but isn’t getting them.
What can teenagers do with it I would say you should point it out by calmly saying something like “You tell me not to scream through the walls，but you do it to me，so you can understand where I’m coming from.That’s not ideal.” They might object to it，but I think most parents who care about being parents would logically say，“That’s a reasonable point.”
There are a lot of conflicts(矛盾) going on between teenagers and their parents，but a lot of studies show that the conflicts are resolved a lot more when they turn into a dialogue.
If you can talk at a time when you’re both feeling a bit calmer，like just in the kitchen or doing something unimportant，then go in and say，“Can I just mention it You tell me not to do this，but you do it too.” If you can approach it in a more calm and stress-free manner，most parents will respond positively.
语篇解读　本文是夹叙夹议文。作者针对父母教育青少年时言行不一的问题，为青少年提供了应对建议。
1．How did Josie feel according to her words in paragraph 1
A．Hopeful. B．Bored.
C．Proud. D．Confused.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Why do my parents do the same things they tell me not to do？”可推断，Josie感到很困惑。故选D。
2．What does the underlined word “theirs” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．The parents’ smartphones.
B．The tables in the house.
C．The devices in the house.
D．The teenagers’ points.
答案　A
解析　代词指代题。根据画线词上文“You see this a lot in many things like smartphones.Parents always say to their kids，‘Oh，you can’t use that.That device(设备) is bad for you，so stop using it at the table.It’s harmful.’”以及“But then they are on”中But表示转折可知，父母总是对孩子说手机有害，不要使用，而他们自己却一直在用自己的手机。由此可知，theirs指的是父母的手机。故选A。
3．What should teenagers do with their parents’ inconsistency
A．Object to it personally.
B．Complain of it continually.
C．Talk with their parents calmly.
D．Do some studies differently.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“I would say you should point it out by calmly saying something like...”可知，面对父母教育自己时言行不一的问题，青少年应该冷静地和父母沟通。故选C。
4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph
A．To list a fact.
B．To offer a suggestion.
C．To show a result.
D．To ask a new question.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you can talk at a time...If you can approach it in a more calm and stress-free manner，most parents will respond positively.”可推知，作者在最后一段为青少年就面对父母教育自己时言行不一的问题提出了建议。故选B。
B
Jazmin Sanchez’s parents moved to Florida from Mexico shortly after they married in 1987.Over the years，they worked hard picking fruit and vegetables at farms and saved so they could provide Jazmin and her two sisters with opportunities.
“They told me that I could do anything I wanted in life，as long as I had an education and a passion，” said Jazmin，a student studying public health at the University of South Florida(USF)．“I don’t want them to have to work as much as we do，” said Alida，Jazmin’s mother.“I want them to be able to choose careers that they love.”
Thousands of first-generation college students like Jazmin choose USF each year.While the definition(定义) of a first-generation student may vary nationally，at USF，they’re students whose parents or guardians did not complete a bachelor’s(学士) degree in the United States.
There are several programs to offer help to first-generation college students.Student Support Services created an online platform for them.The program teaches study skills and offers personalized advising，career exploration，and networking.
Jaelyn Wise，a first-generation USF graduate from Sanford，began her college journey with Student Support Services，and then later became a coach for the group，mentoring(辅导) younger first-generation students.“Student Support Services helps you through everything，” Jaelyn said.“I love what I do.I relate to where first-generation students come from.I love telling them my story because it shows them that college isn’t easy，but it can be done.”
Support can begin in the summer to prepare first-generation students for fall classes.Through the summer program，students can learn about campus resources，skills needed to be successful and more.
“USF is important to first-generation students because we are changing not only their lives，but the lives of their families，” said Rhea Law，president of USF.“We’re making a significant difference for them and for their communities for years to come.”
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Jazmin的父母对她的支持和南佛罗里达大学对学生的支持措施。
5．What can we learn about Jazmin’s parents
A．They are always supportive of her.
B．They lead an easy life in Mexico.
C．They finished college in the US.
D．They teach agriculture in a school.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句及第二段可知，Jazmin的父母一直是她成长路上的坚强后盾。故选A。
6．Why did Jaelyn choose to work with Student Support Services
A．To apply for a new position.
B．To improve her writing skills.
C．To save money for further study.
D．To help more students like her.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中Jaelyn说的话可推知，Jaelyn毕业后选择在学生援助中心上班是为了能帮助更多像她那样的学生。故选D。
7．What is the main purpose of the summer program
A．To show students how to face facts.
B．To encourage students to read books.
C．To prepare students for college life.
D．To provide good jobs for students.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第六段可知，该暑期活动是为了让学生为大学生活做好准备。故选C。
8．What does Rhea think of the impact of USF’s work
A．Short-lived. B．Far-reaching.
C．Worrying. D．Unchanged.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，Rhea认为USF的工作对学生影响深远。故选B。
Ⅲ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，共15分)
This week we drove over to spend some time with Aunt Carmeleta.We don’t see her 1 because she lives in Tennessee，which is far from us.However，this past week her husband Ken drove their motor home to Michigan to 2 a party.
As always，it was 3 to see Carmeleta.She met us at the motor home door 4 .She gave us each a big hug(拥抱) and scurried(碎步疾跑) around to make us 5 .
The first time my friend，Bill，met Carmeleta，he said，“She can’t be 6 ！” Bill had never met anyone so kind， 7 ，and full of mercy(仁慈) as Carmeleta.But after knowing her for well over 50 years，he 8 she is.
I’ve been 9 to know Carmeleta my whole life.She has 10 me more than she could ever know.When I complained(抱怨) to her how people 11 me，she would 12 me，“Just keep being yourself. 13 yourself for who you are.” I’m sure she saw areas where I needed 14 ，but she only showed love，patience，and mercy to me.
Next month Carmeleta will be 89 years young.I say young because she never seems to 15 for me.And she is still full of love，kindness and mercy.She accepts people where they are，and she is for real!
语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了卡梅丽塔阿姨总是鼓励作者，关爱作者，这让作者觉得认识她是一辈子的幸运。
1．A.formally B．often
C．actually D．completely
答案　B
解析　根据后文“because she lives in Tennessee，which is far from us”可知，此处指我们住得很远，因此不经常见面，故选B。
2．A.attend B．celebrate
C．honour D．repeat
答案　A
解析　根据空后的“a party”可知，此处指开车去参加聚会，故选A。
3．A.awkward B．possible
C．wonderful D．obvious
答案　C
解析　根据后文“Bill had never met anyone so kind， ，and full of mercy(仁慈) as Carmeleta.”可知，卡梅丽塔很令人喜欢，因此见到她让作者觉得很不错，故选C。
4．A.teaching B．hiking
C．agreeing D．smiling
答案　D
解析　根据空后“She gave us each a big hug(拥抱)”可推知，卡梅丽塔见到作者时面带微笑，故选D。
5．A.worried B．comfortable
C．sad D．responsible
答案　B
解析　根据前文“She gave us each a big hug(拥抱) and scurried(碎步疾跑) around”可知，此处指她小跑着跟每个人都拥抱，让我们都感到很舒服，故选B。
6．A.real B．old
C．beautiful D．active
答案　A
解析　根据后文“Bill had never met anyone so kind， ，and full of mercy(仁慈) as Carmeleta.”可知，比尔从来没见过像卡梅丽塔这么善良仁慈的人，因此他觉得她不是真的人，故选A。
7．A.strong B．loving
C．powerful D．frightened
答案　B
解析　根据最后一段的“And she is still full of love，kindness and mercy.”可知，此处指她是一个充满爱心的人，故选B。
8．A.hopes B．attracts
C．admires D．believes
答案　D
解析　根据前文“The first time my friend，Bill，met Carmeleta，he said，‘She can’t be ！’”可知，比尔第一次见到卡梅丽塔时，不相信有这么好的人存在，但在50多年后，他相信了，故选D。
9．A.anxious B．confusing
C．lucky D．amazing
答案　C
解析　根据后文“When I complained(抱怨) to her how people...showed love，patience，and mercy to me.”可知，此处指作者认为认识卡梅丽塔是一生的幸运，故选C。
10．A.helped B．controlled
C．fed D．phoned
答案　A
解析　根据后文“When I complained(抱怨) to her how people...showed love，patience，and mercy to me.”可知，此处指卡梅丽塔帮了作者很多，故选A。
11．A.took responsibility for
B．lost contact with
C．sang praise for
D．spoke ill of
答案　D
解析　take responsibility for对……负责；lose contact with与……失去联系；sing praise for赞扬；speak ill of说……的坏话。根据空前“When I complained(抱怨) to her”可知，此处指作者向卡梅丽塔抱怨别人说自己的坏话，故选D。
12．A.lecture B．revise
C．guide D．annoy
答案　C
解析　根据空后“Just keep being yourself.”可知，此处指卡梅丽塔指导作者要做自己，故选C。
13．A.Change B．Dislike
C．Accept D．Leave
答案　C
解析　根据前文“Just keep being yourself.”可知，此处指让作者做自己，接受自己，故选C。
14．A.truth B．improvement
C．source D．survival
答案　B
解析　根据空后的转折“but she only showed love，patience，and mercy to me”可知，尽管卡梅丽塔看到了作者需要提高的地方，但她却只对作者展现出爱、耐心和仁慈，故选B。
15．A.wait B．work
C．view D．age
答案　D
解析　age衰老，上年纪。根据前文“Next month Carmeleta will be 89 years young.I say young because she never seems to”可知，此处指尽管卡梅丽塔快要89岁了，但作者从不觉得她衰老，故选D。Section Ⅶ　Writing
写家庭往事
本单元的写作任务是写一篇叙事类记叙文。 该类作文以叙述事件为主，通过完整的故事情节和生动形象的语言，使读者在享受故事情节的同时有所感悟。 写作时要注意把记叙文的六要素(时间、地点、人物、事件、原因和结果)交代清楚。
1．篇章结构
(1)开头——简要交代事件的背景。
(2)主体——主要叙述事件的原因、经过及结果。
(3)结尾——呼应标题，发表感想、愿望等。
2．注意事项
(1)人称：通常用第一人称和第三人称。
(2)时态：描写事情的时间和地点、原因、经过和结果常用一般过去时；而对事件的分析和自己的感受常用一般现在时。
(3)运用恰当的过渡词，使文章衔接自然、行文流畅。
1．开头部分
I still well remember the day when...
我仍然清楚地记得那天……
The old photo reminded me of...
那张旧照片让我想起……
Every time I look at...，a lovely memory will come into my mind.
每次我看着……，一段美好的回忆就会浮现在我的脑海里。
Although it happened three years ago，I will never forget the evening party.
尽管这场晚会发生在三年前，但我永远不会忘记。
2．主体部分
I was really surprised when...
当……时，我真的太吃惊了。
I was walking in the street when....
我正在大街上走着，就在那时……
I wasn’t sure whether...
我不确定是否……
3．结尾部分
Tired as we were，we were very delighted.
尽管我们很累，但是我们很高兴。
I learned from the experience that...
我从这次经历中学到了……
This is really the most...trip I have ever had!
这真的是我有过的最……的旅行！
What an unforgettable/exciting/...experience/moment it was!
真是一次难忘的/激动人心的/……经历/时刻！
假定你是李华，你校英语报正在开展“感恩父母”的征文活动，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．父亲或母亲令你印象最深刻的一件事；
2．自己的感想和从中得到的启示。
第一步　审题谋篇
审题
1．确定文体：这是一篇记叙文。
2．主体时态：一般过去时。
3．主体人称：第一人称。
谋篇
第一部分：开门见山，表达对父亲或母亲的感激；
第二部分：详细介绍事情的经过；
第三部分：表达自己的感受。
第二步　遣词造句
核心词汇(含本单元词汇)
1．尊敬respect
2．考试不及格fail in the exam
3．向某人求助turn to sb for help
4．走近某人approach sb
5．跟某人聊天have a chat with sb
6．保持积极自信keep positive and confident
连词成句(含本单元句型)
1．我最尊敬的人是我的母亲，她是一名律师。
The person I respect most is my mother and she is a lawyer.
2．我最尊敬她不是因为她在事业上的天赋，而是因为她对我的关心和爱。
I respect her most not because of her talent for her career but because of her great care and love for me.
3．我仍然记得我在中学的一场考试中失败的那一天。
I still remember the day when I failed in an exam in middle school.
4．因为我没有人可以求助，我非常难过。
Because I had no one to turn to for help，I was so sad.
5．她注意到我很沮丧，走近我，和我温柔地聊了聊。
She noticed my being upset，approached me and had a gentle chat with me.
6．她告诉我失败是成功之母，并鼓励我保持积极和自信。
She told me failure is the mother of success and encouraged me to keep positive and confident.
7．我永远不会忘记妈妈为我做的一切。
I’ll never forget all the things (that) my mum has done for me.
8．做她的孩子是我最大的幸福。(v.-ing作主语)
Being her child is my greatest happiness.
第三步　句式升级
1．用定语从句升级句1。
The person I respect most is my mother that/who is a lawyer.
2．用with复合结构升级句4。
With no one to turn to for help，I was so sad.
第四步　组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
参考范文
The person I respect most is my mother who is a lawyer.I respect her most not because of her talent for her career but because of her great care and love for me.
I still remember the day when I failed in an exam in middle school.With no one to turn to for help，I was so sad.After work，she noticed my being upset，approached me and had a gentle chat with me.She told me failure is the mother of success and encouraged me to keep positive and confident.
I’ll never forget all the things my mum has done for me，her love，her care，her encouragement and so on.Being her child is my greatest happiness.

展开更多......

收起↑