资源简介

话题美句 The world will make way for those who are purposive and far-sighted. 世界会为那些有目标和远见的人让路。 Great works are performed not by strength，but by perseverance. 伟大的事业成就于百折不挠，不论力量大小。 It’s easier to get to the top when you’re shooting for the top.当你努力奋斗时，很容易到达顶峰。 The real secret of success is enthusiasm.成功的真正秘诀是热情。
Section Ⅰ　Topic Talk
Ⅰ.Read the Text Builder on P28 carefully.Then listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer.
1．What do you really need to do in order to succeed
A．Be passionate and determined about what you do.
B．Be optimistic.
C．Have clear goals.
D．Work hard.
答案　A
2．What is Liu Yang
A．Scientist. B．Astronaut.
C．Track athlete. D．Writer.
答案　B
3．Which of the following are other secrets of success
A．To learn from failure.
B．To believe in yourself and to be grateful.
C．To put in effort.
D．To keep trying.
答案　B
4．What qualities do successful persons have
A．Confident and inspiring.
B．Committed and focused.
C．Energetic and disciplined.
D．Enthusiastic and ambitious.
答案　B
Ⅱ.Listen to the material on P29 and fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(精听训练)
(P＝Peter　N＝Natalie)
P：Talking about being successful，Natalie，what would you say is the most important aspect of personal development
N：I believe 1.becoming a better person is important.I think the next thing is 2.to always keep learning.A successful person never stops learning.After that，I would say it’s important 3.to work well with others.So teamwork! Without it，nothing really gets done.By working with others you develop a lot of key skills，4.cooperation，communication,5.building agreement and others.
P：So，what about the old idea of 6.spending many hours in the office...Is that unimportant now
N：Well，it is still important 7.to work hard but now you can work everywhere and anywhere.In some companies，employees can work from home，or the park or 8.anywhere they like.Working hard and being in the office are not the same thing.
determined adj.坚决的；坚定的(determine v．测定；决定；确定 determination n．决心；决定)
be determined to do sth决心做某事(表示状态)
determine to do sth决定做某事(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth 决定(做)某事
(1)He determined on/upon facing the failure bravely rather than escaping from reality.
(2)It was at that time that I determined to go(go) on working on the farm so that I could help handle the problem in a proper manner.
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)With a determined(determine) look spreading on his face，David，one of the competitors，rose to his feet and advanced towards the starting line.
[写作佳句]
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我下定决心要成为一名作家，从那时起我就疯狂地写作，阅读很多有创意的作品。我感谢我的社会老师，他是我写作道路上的灯塔。
Determined to become a writer，I have been crazy about writing and read a lot of creative works since then.I am grateful to my social teacher who is a beacon on my road to writing.
committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的[commit vt.承诺；保证；花(钱或时间)；犯(罪或错等) vi.忠于(某个人、机构等)；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commitment n．投入；忠诚；奉献；承诺]
be committed to致力于；保证
commit sb/oneself to (doing) sth使某人/自己致力于(做)某事
(1)The ambitious villagers are committed to preventing deserts from spreading by planting trees.
(2)I hold the belief that his commitment(commit) will pay off sooner or later.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)范仲淹是一个榜样，他总是激励我致力于做一个有价值的人。
Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to commit myself to/be committed to being a man of value.
enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的(enthusiastically adv.热情地 enthusiasm n．热情)
be enthusiastic about (doing) sth 对(做)某事有热情/感兴趣
with enthusiasm(＝enthusiastically)热情地
(1)It seems that the government is not enthusiastic about the educationalist’s advice.
(2)With great enthusiasm(enthusiastic)，he talked about how he found issues and handled them.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)我不仅充满热情而且容易相处，这使得我能胜任报纸上所刊登的志愿者工作。
I am not only full of enthusiasm but also easy to get along/on with，which makes me qualified for the voluntary work advertised in the newspaper.
make sense 有意义；解释得通
make sense of理解；明白
make no sense没道理；没意义
in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense决不(位于句首时用部分倒装)
There’s no sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。
(1)It makes no sense (没道理；没意义) to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
＝It doesn’t make sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.
(2)In no sense should you lose heart(你应该灰心)；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.
(3)There was no sense in asking(ask) your partner who didn’t care about what had happened.
[写作佳句]　词汇升级
(4)Furthermore，you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which can help you understand the poems to be learned.
＝Furthermore，you’d better learn the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance，which can help you make sense of the poems to be learned.
injury n．伤，损害(injured adj.受伤的injure vt.伤害；损伤)
do sb an injury/do an injury to sb 伤害某人
get/be injured受伤
the injured受伤的人；伤员
(1)The athlete had to quit the race because of a serious waist injury(injure) but we are still appreciative of his commitment.
(2)Much to people’s shock，ten employees were killed and eight were injured(injure) in the accident.
[写作佳句]
(3)(读后续写之动作链描写)营救队像箭一样冲往现场，给伤者实施急救，然后急忙把他们送往最近的医院。
The rescue team dashed to the spot like arrows，offered first aid to the injured and then rushed them to the nearest hospital.
训练1　Topic Talk(A)
[分值：39分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．The educationalist’s great success cannot depart from his persistent(坚持不懈的) effort.
2．My niece is determined to give up socialising online and to study hard.
3．Whatever difficulty the astronaut(宇航员) meets，he doesn’t get depressed.
4．The teacher always highlights the importance of an optimistic attitude.
5．It is incredible that the 4-year-old boy can be so disciplined(有原则的) as to reject junk food.
6．My mother is committed to her duty and never is she absent from work without reasons.
7．Marty，an ambitious(有抱负的) young man，decided to be a scientist in the future.
8．We all know he didn’t perform well because of the injury in his ankle，but he felt ashamed of losing the gold medal.
9．Only through cooperation with other teammates can we win the match.
10．These old employees(员工) greeted me in a rude manner，which hurt me emotionally.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共6小题；每小题1.5分，满分9分)
1．We are still optimistic about the future，whatever the result of the match.
2．We are all struck by the astronaut’s commitment(commit) and ambition.
3．Although my teacher explains it constantly，I still can’t make sense of such problems.
4．His career as a professional football player brings him many injuries(injure)．
5．I would be appreciative(appreciate) if you could accept my invitation.
6．Many celebrities devoted themselves to helping people in the disaster area with enthusiasm(enthusiastic)．
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
One of the winners of this year’s Nobel Prize in Chemistry was Danish scientist Morten Meldal.When describing his career，Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he “wanted to understand the world”．
Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.But a study from professors at Michigan State University shows that is not always the case.
Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as “polymaths”，or “Renaissance”．
The writers looked at past Nobel Prize winners and their students.They decided that when students of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes，some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.They are，in a way，learning how to be creative.
Having many interests，the Root-Bernsteins wrote，permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems.In fact，one important part of science is not discovering answers，but recognizing problems that need to be solved.
The prize winners，the Root-Bernsteins said，transfer skills，techniques and materials from one field to another. They said Alexis Carrel won his Nobel Prize in medicine in 1912 by using techniques he learned from the clothing business.He realized that people who used thread to make and fix clothing had a skill that could be used in operations to put new organs into people’s bodies.
The Michigan State professors study creativity.They found Nobel winners are nine times more likely to have experience in working with wood，metal or in the arts than most scientists.The Michigan State researchers say that unlike many people who spend long hours at work and give up some of their outside interests，Nobel winners believe their hobbies are important to creativity.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Michele Root-Bernstein和Robert Root-Bernstein研究发现，一大批诺贝尔奖获得者可以被称为“博学家”，或者“全才”。
1．What comes as a surprise to students according to the passage
A．Meldal’s winning Nobel Prize.
B．Meldal’s original working field.
C．Meldal’s desire to understand the world.
D．Meldal’s study with Michigan State University.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“When describing his career，Meldal said he started out as an engineer but changed to chemistry because he ‘wanted to understand the world’．”和第二段中“Meldal’s experience may come as a surprise to students.They might believe they have to center their work and school lives in one field to be successful.”可知，令学生们感到惊讶的是Meldal最初的工作领域。故选B。
2．What kind of people can be sorted as “polymaths” or “Renaissance”？
A．People who only concentrate on just one field.
B．People who are committed lifelong to their career.
C．People who are equipped with various interests.
D．People who are admired for established achievements.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段末“They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as ‘polymaths’，or ‘Renaissance’．”和第四段中“They decided that when students of winners go on to win Nobel Prizes，some of what they learned from their teachers is how to live a life with many interests.”可推知，被归类为“博学家”或“全才”的人是有各种各样兴趣爱好的人。故选C。
3．What’s the author’s attitude towards the Root-Bernsteins’ discovery
A．Tolerant. B．Cautious.
C．Negative. D．Objective.
答案　D
解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第三段中“Having many interests，the Root-Bernsteins wrote，permits scientists to look for creative ways to solve problems.”和倒数第二段的“The prize winners，the Root-Bernsteins said，transfer skills，techniques and materials from one field to another.”可知，本文作者只是转述Root-Bernstein夫妇的发现，因此作者对于Root-Bernstein夫妇的发现持客观态度，故选D。
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．A Secret to Winning Top Prize
B．A Creative Scientist
C．A Born Nobel Prize Winner
D．An Amazing Rise to Fame
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Michele Root-Bernstein and Robert Root-Bernstein published their study in the Creativity Research Journal.They said that a large number of Nobel Prize winners can be described as ‘polymaths’，or ‘Renaissance’．”可知，本文主要讲的是研究发现，一大批诺贝尔奖获得者是博学多才的，这可以说是获得诺贝尔奖的秘诀，故选A。
B
Hard work really does pay off.Scientists find that perseverance(坚持不懈) leads to better grades and higher achievements in school.Students who dedicate a significant amount of time and effort to their studies often perform better.
“Being passionate(热情的) is not enough to ensure academic success，” says researchers，who thought of “courage” as a key to success.This is also regarded as effort in reaching long-term goals，and determination to continue one’s efforts in spite of hardships.
Researchers think that the finding could help create new training to help children develop the skill and help ensure their future success.
Researchers from the Academy of Finland studied more than 2,000 students from Helsinki.They were followed through their academic career from 12 to 16，the sixth grade until the ninth grade in local school years.Researchers found that the factor that best predicts courage was related to goals，with previous academic achievements playing no role in developing the skill.
Professor Katariina Salmela-Aro，who led the study，said，“Courage means a young person is really interested in his or her studies and does not give up easily.A key element of courage is high perseverance when the person is facing difficulties and hardships.The important finding is that these factors are the key to success and well-being.Our study shows the power of courage.”
Professor Salmela-Aro also thinks it is important to develop new practices and qualities to improve courage in teenagers.She added，“Young people should see everyday school work as part of their life in a broader context and establish achievable goals for themselves.In addition to their primary function of imparting knowledge，schools should also foster an environment where it is safe to fail and learn to deal with setbacks.It is crucial not to become disheartened by shortcomings but instead derive strength and renewed determination from them.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了勇气是获得成功至关重要的因素，学校应培养青少年学生不畏困难、坚持不懈的勇气。
5．What can we learn about the research
A．It takes at least three years.
B．It helps students make progress.
C．It meets many difficulties.
D．It follows 2,000 students abroad.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的“They were followed through their academic career from 12 to 16，the sixth grade until the ninth grade in local school years.”可知，这项研究至少需要花费三年时间。故选A。
6．What should students do according to the researchers
A．Focus on former grades.
B．Achieve their dreams.
C．Try all their best.
D．Forget sadness.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Courage means a young person is really interested in his or her studies and does not give up easily.A key element of courage is high perseverance when the person is facing difficulties and hardships.”可知，根据这项研究，学生应该在面对困难时坚忍不拔，因此推断学生应该全力以赴，不要放弃。故选C。
7．What does the underlined word “setbacks” in paragraph 6 mean
A．Strengths. B．Difficulties.
C．Disasters. D．Efforts.
答案　B
解析　词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段的“A key element of courage is high perseverance when the person is facing difficulties and hardships.”可知，学生要有勇气、有决心克服困难。再结合画线词所在句“...schools should also foster an environment where it is safe to fail and learn to deal with setbacks.”可知，setbacks与失败并列，由此可推断setbacks意为“挫折、困难”。故选B。
8．What is the text mainly about
A．Being passionate is the key to success.
B．Courage counts in better achievements in school.
C．Professor Katariina’s finding is amazing.
D．Young people should set achievable goals.
答案　B
解析　主旨大意题。根据第二段的“‘Being passionate(热情的) is not enough to ensure academic success，’ says researchers，who thought of ‘courage’ as a key to success.”可知，勇气是在学校取得更好成绩的关键。故选B。
训练2　Topic Talk(B)
[分值：32.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Gerty Cori，the first American woman to win the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine，was born Gerty Theresa Radnitz in Prague in 1896.Gerty decided at the age of sixteen to study medicine.She entered the Realgymnasium at Tetschen，from which she graduated in 1914，and then went to the Medical School of the German University of Prague.While in medical school，Gerty met Carl Cori，a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research.In 1920，the two published the results of their first joint research，received their medical degrees，and married each other.
Gerty’s first research position was as an assistant in the Karolinen Children’s Hospital in Vienna.In 1922，Carl Cori moved to the United States to join the staff of the New York State Institute for the Study of Malignant Diseases in Buffalo，New York.Gerty Cori moved a few months later，starting as an assistant pathologist(病理学家) at the Institute and later rising to an assistant biochemist.In 1928，the Coris became US citizens.
In 1931，Carl Cori accepted the position of chairman of the Department of Pharmacology of the Washington University School of Medicine(WUSM)，while Gerty Cori was hired as a research fellow.In the early 1940s the Coris moved to the Department of Biological Chemistry.Gerty Cori was made an associate(副的) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943.She was elevated to the rank of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947，the same year she and her husband were awarded the Nobel Prize for their work on the metabolism of glycogen(糖代谢)．
In 1947，Gerty Cori began showing the signs of myelofibrosis，an unusual blood disease.She fought the disease for ten years，refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life.Gerty Cori died on October 26,1957.
语篇解读　本文是一篇人物传记。文章简要介绍了美国首位获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的女性——格蒂·科里。
1．What can we learn about Gerty’s husband
A．He shared the same interests with Gerty.
B．He moved to the USA later than Gerty.
C．He married Gerty while in medical school.
D．He studied pathology under the influence of Gerty.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“While in medical school，Gerty met Carl Cori，a classmate who shared both her love of skiing and mountain climbing and her interest in laboratory research.”可知，格蒂的丈夫卡尔和她有着相同的兴趣爱好。故选A。
2．Which of the following is the correct order of the events in Gerty’s life
a．She moved to the USA.
b．She won the Nobel Prize.
c．She met her husband Carl.
d．She got a job in the WUSM.
e．She received her medical degree.
A．e，a，c，b，d B．c，e，a，d，b
C．e，c，a，d，b D．c，a，e，b，d
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。通读全文可知，格蒂在布拉格大学医学院读书时认识了后来的丈夫；两人于1920年获得医学学位；之后夫妇二人于1922年移民到美国；1931年格蒂和丈夫任职于华盛顿大学医学院；1947年他们共同获得诺贝尔奖。故选B。
3．What does the underlined word “elevated” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Adapted. B．Defeated.
C．Promoted. D．Committed.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Gerty Cori was made an associate(副的) professor of Research Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology in 1943.She was elevated to the rank of professor of Biological Chemistry in July 1947.”可知，1943年格蒂是副教授，1947年7月她是教授，由此可以推断画线词为“晋升，升职”的意思。故选C。
4．What can we infer about Gerty from the last paragraph
A．She was satisfied with her later life.
B．She was in poor health all her life.
C．She died of a common disease.
D．She was very mentally strong.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She fought the disease for ten years，refusing to give up her research until the last few months of her life.”可知，即使与病魔作斗争，格蒂也没有放弃自己的研究事业，直到生命的尽头。由此可以推断，她有着十分顽强的意志力。故选D。
B
In February，Dr.Robert Lefkowitz published a memoir(回忆录) called A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to Stockholm: The Adrenaline-Fueled Adventures of an Accidental Scientist.As a physician and biochemist，Lefkowitz is a professor of biochemistry and chemistry at the Duke University Medical Center in Durham，North Carolina.
In a recent conversation via video，Lefkowitz said that he wanted his memoir to be “funny，interesting，and easy to understand”．In the book，Lefkowitz humorously describes his Journey from a cardiologist(or a heart doctor) to a biochemist.
Lefkowitz’s dream of becoming a doctor began when he was eight years old and growing up in the Bronx of New York City.After his father died of a heart attack，Lefkowitz made up his mind to be a cardiologist.He earned his medical degree at Columbia University.
Lefkowitz is no stranger to conducting experiments and making discoveries.He was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with Brian Kobilka.The two scientists were honored for their discoveries that could help unlock the secrets of many diseases.
When asked what played the most important role in his success，Lefkowitz mentioned about himself and he described himself as “reasonably intelligent and creative，hard-working，and not easily disturbed”．He added that being funny could also be very good for you and the people around you.
Before winning the Nobel Prize，Lefkowitz did countless experiments，and only 1 out of 50 turned out OK.“With difficult decisions I’ve had to make，I tend to make them with my heart rather than my head，” Lefkowitz said.“However，I don’t mean that deciding with your heart is always right.”
At age 78，the scientist has no plans for slowing down.“My body and mind are still working，” he said.“I want to continue running my lab at Duke University and writing and publishing research papers.”
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了作为医生兼生物化学家的罗伯特·莱夫科维茨出版了关于自己职业生涯的回忆录。
5．What directly motivated Lefkowitz to be a doctor
A．His conversation with a cardiologist.
B．His father’s death from a heart attack.
C．His enthusiasm for a doctor’s memoir.
D．His poor physical health in childhood.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“After his father died of a heart attack，Lefkowitz made up his mind to be a cardiologist.”可知，莱夫科维茨的父亲死于心脏疾病直接促使他成为一名医生。故选B。
6．What is the key to Lefkowitz’s success in his own opinion
A．His good teamwork.
B．His family’s support.
C．His positive qualities.
D．His interest in research.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第五段中“When asked what played the most important role in his success，Lefkowitz mentioned about himself and he described himself as ‘reasonably intelligent and creative，hard-working，and not easily disturbed’．”可知，在莱夫科维茨看来，他能够成功的关键是自己聪明，有创造力，勤奋，不容易被打扰，这些都是积极的品质。故选C。
7．What can we learn about Lefkowitz concerning his experiments
A．He suffered from a lot of failure.
B．He always succeeded as planned.
C．He considered them less challenging.
D．He couldn’t do them on his own.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第六段中“Before winning the Nobel Prize，Lefkowitz did countless experiments，and only 1 out of 50 turned out OK.”可知，莱夫科维茨在实验中遭遇过许多失败。故选A。
8．Where is the passage probably taken from
A．A travel journal. B．A play review.
C．A short story. D．A science magazine.
答案　D
解析　文章出处题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍作为医生和生物化学家的莱夫科维茨出版了关于自己职业生涯的回忆录，故可推断，文章最有可能选自一本科学杂志。故选D。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Being the Best: Common
Qualities of Nobel Prize Winners
We celebrate Nobel Prize winners for expanding knowledge，improving the planet，and enriching lives.These awards highlight significant contributions from intellectuals in advancing our progress. 1
Thinking outside the box.
2 It allows us to look past and think ahead.The limit of knowledge is our inability to observe the world and ideas in a new way.Albert Einstein，for example，revolutionized physics by looking beyond Newtonian concepts.Nobel Prize winners frequently display enormous amounts of open-mindedness.
Acting with persistence.
People somehow get the false impression that breakthroughs happen during a sudden moment of understanding.A light shining on their face，music bursts into the background，and the person immediately discovers some previously hidden answer.Although this scene is wonderful for movies，usually gaining new understandings is a much more complicated process. 3 Those who won Nobel Prize persist when others gave up.Only those with enormous amounts of persistence can work past these obstacles.
　4　
Cooperation motivates us，and allows us to consider alternative ideas.These activities create an atmosphere of creation and learning.Additionally，many Nobel Prizes are awarded to multiple people，since the work was accomplished by an assortment(各式各样的) of intellectuals working together.
These traits exist as similarities among Nobel Prize winners. 5 However，even if you do not achieve this admirable goal，you will indeed have a much greater chance of success in whatever you pursue.
A．Working in groups.
B．Considering alternative ideas.
C．Creativity is one of the most important human resources.
D．As for us，we can still learn from the common qualities of the winners.
E．Years of devotion，frustration，and even failure usually come before success.
F．Of course，displaying these qualities does not mean certainly winning a Nobel Prize.
G．The Nobel Prizes are the most significant awards given for extraordinary achievements.
语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔奖得主的共同品质，并激励我们学习这些品质从而取得成功。
1．答案　D
解析　根据上文可知，知识分子为了人类的进步做出了重大贡献，而下文则提到了这些知识分子的一些品质。选项D承上启下，引出下文所列举的这些品质。故选D。
2．答案　C
解析　根据下文内容可知，这些获奖者通常有创造性思维，思想非常开明。选项C与下文内容一致，指出创造力的重要性。故选C。
3．答案　E
解析　根据上文可知，成功并不像电影里展现的那么简单，它是一个更为复杂的过程。选项E承接上文，同时也引出下文内容，即诺贝尔奖获得者的成功离不开坚持不懈。故选E。
4．答案　A
解析　空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Cooperation motivates us，and allows us to...creation and learning.”可知，本段主要讲述的是合作学习或者说团体工作是非常重要的。选项A与下文内容一致。故选A。
5．答案　F
解析　根据空前一句可知，诺贝尔奖获得者大多拥有上文提到的品质。选项F延续上文内容，指的是虽然诺贝尔奖获得者大多拥有这些品质，但并不是拥有这些品质就可以获奖。同时引出下文，即便不能获奖，我们也可以学习这些品质，帮助自己成功。故选F。Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1　Money vs Success
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．Angela Johnson wanted to find out whether money was a symbol of success.
B．Angela Johnson wondered what other forms of success could be found.
C．Jason Harley，a millionaire was tired of living a rich and fulfilled life.
D．Jason Harley，an ex-millionaire was pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．What does the example of Jason Harley show
A．People can find other forms of success without money.
B．If you can dream it，you can do it.
C．A rich man can find happiness by giving all his wealth away to charities.
D．Some people will continue to be concerned about money after they become millionaires.
答案　A
2．What was the sign for Jason Harley to be a millionaire sixteen years ago
A．He was a college professor.
B．He had a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of 2 million dollars.
C．He worked hard to get money.
D．He turned his back on his money.
答案　B
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．Jason Harley doesn’t have any new furniture in his dormitory room.
B．Jason Harley is making a living by growing vegetables and flowers now.
C．Jason Harley can only afford cheap things now.
D．Jason Harley is now living in a small dormitory room with a big garden.
答案　A
4．How did Jason Harley deal with his huge amounts of money
A．He gave it away to his children.
B．He gave it away to local poor people.
C．He gave it away to hungry people in the world.
D．He gave it away to charities.
答案　D
5．How does Jason Harley think about his present life
A．Tiring and worrying.
B．Funny and enjoyable.
C．Free and happy.
D．Challenging and hard.
答案　C
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
A lot of people are 1.determined(determine) to become millionaires.They think about all the things they 2.will do(do) once they become rich.3.Actually(actual)，some millionaires continue to be worried about money，so they work hard 4.to make(make) sure they will never lose it.However，there are some people 5.who give up their money to find other forms of success.Jason Harley is one example.
Jason Harley was a millionaire sixteen years ago，but he was tired of 6.being(be) a person who had everything in a world where many people had nothing.So he gave all his money away to 7.charities(charity)．Jason now lives in a small dormitory room where there is only second-hand furniture.Though he has given away all his money，he lives 8.a happier life than before.When 9.asked(ask) whether there were any things he missed，he replied that success was not measured by how much money you had 10.but by how you understood the true meaning of life.
1．They spend half of their time dreaming(dream) up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect，and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.(P30 Para.1)
结构分析：此句话为主从复合句。句中they expect是定语从句，先行词为success；they will do 是定语从句，先行词为things。
汉语翻译：他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财他们会干什么。
2．However，there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found other forms(form) of success in their lives.(P30 Para.1)
结构分析：此句话为并列复合句，其中who引导的是定语从句，先行词为people，and连接从句中的两个并列谓语动词。
汉语翻译：然而有些人却放弃了百万家财，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。
3．There are certainly no signs that Jason is a rich and successful(success) man！(P30 Para.2)
结构分析：此句话为复合句，其中that引导的是同位语从句。
汉语翻译：显然没有迹象能表明詹森是一个富有而成功的人！
4．There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees，which Jason enjoys taking(take) care of.(P30 Para.2)
结构分析：此句话为复合句。主句是There be...句型，which引导的是非限制性定语从句。
汉语翻译：房子外面有一个小花园，种了几棵果树，詹森很喜欢侍弄它们。
5．A few years ago，I was a millionaire，but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year，and there were(be) places with no schools and no teachers.(P31 Para.4)
结构分析：此句话为并列句，由but 和and连接。
汉语翻译：几年前，我是百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿，而且有些地方没有学校和老师。
6．Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.(P31 Para.5)
结构分析： 此句话为主从复合句。句中Whenever引导让步状语从句。
汉语翻译： 每当他的钱超过两千美元时，他就会给当地街头无家可归的人赠送小额钞票。
7．Jason Harley decided to drop(drop) out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.(P31 Para.6)
结构分析：此句话为并列复合句，由and 连接。在第二个分句中that引导宾语从句，having only a little money为动名词短语作主语。
汉语翻译： 詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量的金钱使他获得了自由。
fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款；命运(fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的 fortunately adv.幸运地 unfortunate adj.不幸的)
seek/try one’s fortune找出路；碰运气
make a fortune发财；赚钱
have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事
It is fortunate that...幸运的是……
be fortunate to do...有幸做……
(1)My nephew decided to try his fortune in New York and ultimately made a fortune there.
(2)I am fortunate to live(live) in a dormitory where everyone gets along well with others.
[写作佳句]
(3)(传统文化之节日介绍)在中国，新年孩子们会收到象征好运的红包，预示着他们可能会在很多方面有幸获得成功。
In China，children are given money in a red envelope symbolizing good fortune in the New Year，which indicates that they may have the good fortune to succeed in many ways.
appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识(appreciative adj.感激的；赏识的；有欣赏力的 appreciation n．欣赏；感激；理解)
appreciate doing...欣赏/感激做……
I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激。
(1)The new employees appreciate being given(give) the opportunity to work with the famous professor.
(2)I’m writing to sincerely express my appreciation(appreciate) for what you have done for me during my stay in your dormitory.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it if you could take my application into account.
give away 赠送；泄露
give up 放弃
give in (to)(向……)屈服，让步
give off 发出；放出(光、热、气体等)
give back 归还
give out 用光，耗尽；分发
give sb a hand帮某人一个忙
(1)Although he didn’t admit that he had cheated in the exam，his facial expression gave him away.
(2)On the edge of the jacket，there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)看到这对双胞胎失望的脸庞，爸爸乐意帮助他们做早餐，并且温柔地轻声说道：“亲爱的孩子们，不要向困难屈服。”
Seeing the twins’ disappointed faces，the father willingly gave them a hand to cook breakfast and whispered gently，“My dear children，don’t give in to the difficulty.”
(4)(读后续写之情感描写)简的精力已经耗尽了。她的脚像灌了铅一样沉重，她瘫坐在树旁，不由自主地哭了起来。
Jane’s energy had given out.Her feet felt as heavy as lead and she slumped beside a tree，weeping without control.
what 引导主语从句
What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.我想要简单地生活并能帮助别人。(P31 Para.4)
结构分析：本句是复合句。what 引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分(主要作主语、表语和宾语)。可以译成多种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或样子；……的数量或数目；……的时间；……的地方等。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)我们应该关注的是我们应该为海洋保护做什么而不是仅仅喊口号。
What we should focus on/concentrate on is what we should do for ocean protection instead of just shouting slogans.
(2)(应用文写作之活动类)在他生动的介绍之后，让我们印象深刻的是袁隆平为养活地球人民所做的巨大努力。
After his vivid introduction，what struck/impressed us deeply was the great efforts that Yuan Longping made to feed people on Earth.
(3)(2020·浙江1月，读后续写)我们的狗有了一个新的玩伴，不再是过去的样子了。
Having a new playmate，our dog wasn’t what she used to be.
not...but...
Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.(P31 Para.6)
衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱，而在于如何理解生命的真正意义。
结构分析：本句是复合句。how much 和how引导的是宾语从句。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按就近原则确定。
有类似用法的还有：not only...but also...，either...or...，neither...nor...等。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
(1)(记叙文之写人)使他与众不同的不是他的外表，而是他的品质。
What sets him apart from others is not his appearance but his qualities.
(2)他的儿子不用功学习英语，而是逃课，这使他勃然大怒。
His son is not applying himself to studying English but skipping classes，which makes him boil with anger.
(3)(读后续写之助人型主旨句)一个小小的善行，不管对接受者还是施予者，都是一份祝福。
One simple act of kindness is a blessing for not only the receiver but also the giver.
(4)坦率地说，不是汤姆，而是他的父母对网络课程很感兴趣。
To be frank，not Tom but his parents are enthusiastic about the online courses.
阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分的句子，并回答其后的问题。
(1)Starring in this film made Julia a well-known actress all over the country.Julia once led a poor life，but she never gave up her dream of (2)being a film star.She kept (3)overcoming difficulties and finally got a chance to act in a film.Her performance was so (4)entertaining that all the audience were astonished at her gift for the performance.In one of the films she starred in，she played the part of a poor girl who couldn’t stand (5)being looked down upon.She struggled to win respect and love of others.Her performance was so (6)convincing that people thought the film was a reflection of her story.
1．句(1)为动名词作主语。
2．句(2)、(3)和(5)均是动名词作宾语，句(2)中动名词作介词宾语，句(3)和(5)中动名词作动词宾语。
3．句(4)和(6)中动词-ing形式作表语。
v．-ing形式
v.-ing形式是英语中非谓语动词的重要组成部分，可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语等。此处重点讲解其作主语、宾语和表语的三种情况。
一、v.-ing形式作主语
1．v.-ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
Lacking work experience made the new teacher have a hard time.
缺乏工作经验让这位新教师过得很艰难。
Playing basketball is one of my favorite sports.
打篮球是我最喜欢的运动之一。
2．v.-ing形式作主语有时也可以用it作形式主语。
用it作形式主语代替v.-ing形式，常出现在It is no use/good/pleasure/...doing sth；It is useless doing sth；It’s a waste of time doing sth等几种句式中。
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
覆水难收。
It is really a waste of time chatting online.
在网上聊天真的是浪费时间。
3．v.-ing形式作主语泛指经常性的动作，而不定式作主语多表示特指的、一次性的、具体的动作。
Being invited to the palace ball made her excited.被邀请参加宫廷舞会使得她非常兴奋。
To be invited to the palace ball would be exciting.受邀参加这次宫廷舞会将是令人兴奋的事。
4．单个v.-ing形式作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Planting many trees is very good for our environment.植树对我们的环境非常有好处。
二、v.-ing形式作宾语
v．-ing形式作宾语分为两种情况，一种是作及物动词的宾语，另一种是作介词的宾语。
1．牢记下列常用v.-ing形式作宾语的动词：admit，appreciate，avoid，consider(考虑)，delay，enjoy，escape，imagine，mind，practise，risk，suggest，mention，miss，finish，keep，stand，allow，advise，permit等。
The teacher advised practising reading after the tape to improve my pronunciation.
老师建议跟着磁带读以提高我的发音。
2．一般只能接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有：can’t help，end up，feel like，be busy (in)，prevent/stop/keep...from...，devote...to，look forward to，pay attention to，be accustomed to，get down to，stick to，lead to，object to等。
Many educationalists object to searching for answers through some apps.
许多教育家反对通过一些应用程序来搜索答案。
3．动词need，require，want意为“需要”时，后跟v.-ing形式的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。
My cellphone needs repairing/to be repaired.
我的手机需要修理。
4．在有些动词如：start，begin，continue等词的后面，既可接v.-ing形式也可接不定式作宾语，两者意义区别不大。
They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.
他们继续工作，似乎什么也没发生过。
5．在love，hate，prefer，like等动词后接v.-ing形式作宾语指经常性的动作，用不定式作宾语指具体的动作。
He preferred staying in the house when it rained.下雨时他宁愿待在家里。(用v.-ing形式作宾语，指每逢下雨都待在家里)
I prefer to stay at home this afternoon.
今天下午我宁愿留在家里。(用动词不定式作宾语，表示今天下午留在家里这一具体的动作)
6．有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式或v.-ing形式作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有：
动词(短语) 宾语的形式 意义
forget to do 忘记去做……
doing 忘记做过……
remember to do 记着要去做……
doing 记得做过……
regret to do 遗憾/抱歉要做……
doing 后悔做了……
try to do 尽力/努力做……
doing 尝试做……
mean to do 打算做……
doing 意味着……
stop to do 停下来去做(另外一件事)
doing 停止做(同一件事)
go on to do 接着做(另外一件事)
doing 接着做(同一件事)
Please remember to give my best regards to your family.请记着代我向你的家人问好。
I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍记得第一次参观博物馆的情景。
He means to write a book about his life experiences.他打算写一本有关他人生经历的书。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour.错过了这班火车就意味着要再等一个小时。
三、v.-ing形式作表语
作表语的v.-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，用来说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表示人们某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing等。这类分词表示“令人……的”，常修饰物。
The argument is very convincing.
这个论点很令人信服。
Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演讲很有趣，也很鼓舞人心。
注意：不定式和v.-ed形式也可作表语，但不定式通常强调一次性的、具体的、将要发生的动作；v.-ed形式作表语表示外因使之具备的性质和特征，意为“感到……的”，常修饰人。
My wish is to find a part-time job this summer.
我的愿望就是今年夏天能找到一份兼职工作。
I was disappointed at this decision.
我对这个决定感到失望。
2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。
Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.
＝Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.
她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
四、v.-ing形式的否定形式
v.-ing形式的否定形式通常是在其前加not，带有逻辑主语时not应放在逻辑主语和v.-ing形式之间。
He was punished for not having finished his homework.他因未完成作业而受到惩罚。
His not coming added to our difficulty.
他没来，这增加了我们的困难。
五、v.-ing形式的复合结构
v.-ing形式的复合结构由物主代词或人称代词宾格、名词所有格或普通格加v.-ing，即“sb/sb’s＋doing”构成。v.-ing形式的复合结构实际上是给v.-ing形式加了一个逻辑主语。v.-ing形式的复合结构有四种形式：
1．形容词性物主代词＋v.-ing
2．名词所有格＋v.-ing
3．名词＋v.-ing
4．人称代词宾格＋v.-ing
Her coming to help encouraged all of us.
她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。
Can you imagine his/him/Jack’s/Jack cooking at home？你能想象他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？
注意：(1)v.-ing形式的复合结构可在句中作主语或宾语。作主语时，不能用第3、4两种形式。
(2)无生命名词无论是作主语还是作宾语都不能用第2种形式。
Tom’s winning first prize last year impressed me a lot.汤姆去年得了一等奖使我印象深刻。
The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.这个婴儿被突然的关门声吵醒了。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It’s no pleasure spending(spend) the holiday just at home.
2．By comparison，his worst habit is watching(watch) TV all night on weekends.
3．All the educationalists try their best to prevent the students from being appealed(appeal) to online games.
4．It is well worth cycling(cycle) along the route，which will reward you with breathtaking scenery.
5．It is important for us to use(use) clone and artificial intelligence in a proper way.
6．What the journalist said at the meeting sounded more convincing(convince)．
7．The employees still remember visiting(visit) the company for the first time.
8．What made her parents incredible was her being admitted(admit) to her dream university.
9．There were many people waiting at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed(disappoint)．
10．Reading(read) is necessary for you to expand your knowledge.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．由于天气不好，他们不得不推迟举行体育运动会。
They had to delay holding the sports meeting on account of the bad weather.
2．大家都知道，她的爱好是晚饭后出去散步。
As we all know，her hobby is going out for a walk after supper.
3．跟他争论没用，我们应该再仔细考虑一下。
It’s no use arguing with him，so we should think it over.
4．有的时候放弃一些可能意味着得到更多。
Sometimes giving up a little can mean getting more.
5．我很感激您帮助我克服如此多的困难。
I was grateful to you for helping me overcome so many difficulties.
Ⅲ.阅读下面短文，根据语境填空
随着晚会的进行，话题转到了即将到来的节日。他们喜欢谈论圣诞节，每个人都很激动。然而，置身新环境里使Kelly完全沉默了，一种失落感悄悄向她袭来。Jennifer意识到发生了什么，这驱使她问道：“Kelly，泰国人通常庆祝什么节日？”其他孩子非常好奇地看着她。“泼水节是我们最为重要的节日。”Jennifer想出一个好主意，她的眼睛闪烁着兴奋的光芒。 “让我们期待一下一起体验这个美丽的节日吧。”朋友的帮助使Kelly感动得哭了，她的思乡之情消失了。
As the party went on，the topic turned to the coming festivals.1.They liked/were fond of talking about Christmas，and everyone was extremely excited.However，Kelly was totally silent because of 2.being in a new environment，a sense of loss creeping up on her.3.Jennifer’s being aware of what happened drove her to ask，“Kelly，what festivals do Thai people usually celebrate？” The other kids all stared at her with overwhelming curiosity.“The Songkran Festival is our most important festival.”A good idea occurred to Jennifer，with her eyes twinkling with excitement.“Let’s look forward to 4.experiencing the beautiful festival together.” 5.Being helped by her friends moved Kelly to tears and her homesickness melted away.
训练3　Lesson 1(A)
[分值：50分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．Though the millionaire has lots of money，he is not optimistic about life.
2．The professor gave up high salaries in a college and chose to live a simple life.
3．Red roses are a symbol of love in many cultures.
4．Only by struggling with persistence and commitment can you realize your ultimate goal.
5. Hosting the birthday party for my nephew cost me a good fortune.
6．There isn’t a piece of decent furniture(家具) in the employee’s house.
7．When I came into the dorm，my friend Mary was appreciating(欣赏) classical music.
8．The official felt depressed when knowing some people are still suffering from hunger.
9．I felt guilty for being rude to my mother yesterday afternoon.
10．The dormitory(宿舍) is like a home，giving me a sense of belonging.
Ⅱ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分)
1．在任何情况下，我都不会向困难屈服，因为我总是坚定而乐观的。(give in to)
In no case will I give in to difficulties，because I am always determined and optimistic.
2．重要的不是冠军称号，而是参与者在比赛过程中所表现出的决心。(not...but...)
What matters is not the title of championship but the determination that participants show during the race.
3．老实说，很幸运下个月我有机会参加比赛。(it is fortunate that...)
To be honest，it is fortunate that I have the opportunity to participate in the competition next month.
4．我应该关注的是如何在这么短的时间内做好充分的准备。(what 引导主语从句)
What I should focus on is how to get fully prepared during such a short time.
5．如果你能为我提供一些专业指导，我将不胜感激。(appreciate)
I would appreciate it if you could give me some professional guidance.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
参考范文
In no case will I give in to difficulties，because I am always determined and optimistic.In my opinion，for the participants，what matters is not the title of championship but the determination that they show during the race.To be honest，it is fortunate that I have the opportunity to participate in the competition next month.I wonder what I should focus on is how to get fully prepared during such a short time.I would appreciate it if you could give me some professional guidance.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
The Oxford dictionary defines the word “success” as “an accomplishment of an aim” and “attaining fame，social status(地位) or wealth”．Is this how we measure success in life If you are rich，you’ll have people say “you have everything” or “you’re already successful in life” or a similar statement that means you have money and are well settled.There are many people who feel this way，while there are many who feel that success is not just having a lot of money.
The thing is，your concept of success is connected to your beliefs and values，and if your values tell you that success in life means money，then there is nothing that will change your mind.On the other hand，if your value system says that having money，stability，peace，happiness and contentment in your life are equally important，then you have an entirely different idea of success in life.There are a lot of people in this world that are wealthy.However，they are unhappy.There are a lot of people who do not make a lot of money，but are happy with what they have.
There are different kinds of people in the world，and each one has a different view on what being successful really is about.Here are a few common opinions about success.
Success in life means having money.
Success in life means winning games or competitions.
Success in life means achieving your goal.
Success in life means getting the job you wanted.
Success in life means owning a nice house，a good car and having all the costly comforts life has to offer.
Success in life means being famous.
Success in life means having influence，power and control.
Success in life means being free from insecurities，fears and wants.
The one thing that is common to the statements above is that they include accomplishment，attainment and fulfillment(实现)．Another thing is that it’s something you yearn for or that gives you an unspoken advantage over others.
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章通过引用不同的观点来阐释成功的含义。
1．Why is the definition of success in the Oxford dictionary mentioned in paragraph 1
A．To make practical suggestions.
B．To lead in the topic for discussion.
C．To clarify the exact meaning of success.
D．To compare different ideas about success.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。由第一段首句并结合后文作者展开对成功定义的阐述可知，第一段提到牛津词典对成功的定义是为了引入文章讨论的主题。故选B。
2．What can be inferred from paragraph 2
A．One’s value system matters a lot.
B．One should be grateful for what he has.
C．Success determines one’s beliefs and values.
D．Happy people are more likely to obtain success.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。由第二段的“The thing is，your concept of success is connected to your beliefs and values，and if your values tell you that success in life means money...”可知，一个人的价值观对定义什么是成功至关重要。故选A。
3．What does the underlined phrase “yearn for” in the last paragraph mean
A．Choose. B．Lack.
C．Desire. D．Achieve.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。由最后一段“The one thing that...above is that they include accomplishment，attainment and fulfillment(实现)．Another thing is that it’s something you yearn for or that...”可知，成就、造诣等都是人们渴望获得的，能带给人巨大的优势，推测画线短语表示“渴望”，与desire同义。故选C。
4．What’s the best title for the text
A．What Is the Concept of Success
B．How Can Success Be Achieved in Life
C．Can Success Really Bring Money in Life
D．Does Success in Life Mean Having Money
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。由第一段首句以及第三段开头“...each one has a different view on what being successful really is about.”可知，文章通过引用不同的观点来阐释成功的含义，所以“成功的概念是什么？”可以作为文章标题。故选A。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) has evolved over thousands of years.It is a comprehensive healthcare system 1. (root) in ancient theory and wisdom.
TCM came into being in the primitive society，and its theory 2. (form) during the Spring and Autumn Period.During the Ming and Qing dynasties，doctors tended to improve it despite difficulties.
3． makes Chinese medicine distinct is its emphasis on the balance of vital energy within the body and the recognition of the body as 4. whole.In TCM，individuals often encounter a unique diagnostic approach，which involves 5. (consider) not just symptoms but also the lifestyle of the person.Chinese medicine has a wide range of treatments,6._______(include) herbal medicine，acupuncture(针灸)，and dietary therapy，to address both the symptoms and potential imbalances.In fact，TCM doesn’t only treat diseases；it promotes overall well-being by harmonizing the body，mind，and spirit.Medical 7. (professional) advocate that each individual is different，and their health conditions may originate from a 8.___________(combine) of factors.
Ancient wisdom and modern research have enabled Chinese medicine to find its place alongside Western medicine,9. an increasing number of people seeking a comprehensive approach to healthcare.As Chinese medicine becomes more 10. (wide) recognized，it not only contributes to individual health but also enriches the global healthcare landscape.
语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文，介绍了中医的来源及其治疗理论等。随着中医得到广泛认可，它不仅有助于个人健康，还丰富了全球医疗保健领域。
1．答案　rooted
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰system，be rooted in为固定短语，意为“根植于……”。故填rooted。
2．答案　was formed
解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处缺少动词作谓语，theory与form构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态；根据时间状语“during the Spring and Autumn Period”可知，用一般过去时；主语为单数。故填was formed。
3．答案　What
解析　考查主语从句。分析句子可知，is前面的部分为句子的主语从句，从句部分缺少主语，表示物，用连接代词what。位于句首，首字母应大写。故填What。
4．答案　a
解析　考查冠词。as a whole意为“作为一个整体”，空处缺少冠词。故填a。
5．答案　considering
解析　考查非谓语动词。involve doing sth“包含做某事”为固定搭配。故填considering。
6．答案　including
解析　考查介词。分析句子可知，空处后面为并列的名词或者名词短语表列举，空处应为介词including(包括)。故填including。
7．答案　professionals
解析　考查名词复数。空处为名词作主语，结合advocate为动词原形可知，主语为复数，表示“专业人士”。故填professionals。
8．答案　combination
解析　考查名词。空处在介词from后作宾语，且前面有a，空处用名词单数。combine对应的名词形式为combination。故填combination。
9．答案　with
解析　考查with复合结构。an increasing...people 为名词性短语，seeking...healthcare为现在分词短语，空处表示“随着”，用with构成复合结构。故填with。
10．答案　widely
解析　考查副词。空处修饰形容词recognized，用副词作状语，表示“广泛地”。故填widely。
训练4　Lesson 1(B)
[分值：35分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Frederick Banting hated school.Having grown up on a farm near Alliston，Ontario，Fred was a good worker but felt uncomfortable and unaccepted in a town school.After graduation，he began studies to become a minister.When that did not go well，he changed his goal to medicine.World War Ⅰ arrived，and the great need for field medics(救护人员) resulted in the early graduation of Fred.After the war，the young Canadian doctor returned home to set up his practice.Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes(糖尿病)，a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child.
To solve the problem of this disease，Fred approached Dr.J.J.R.Macleod at the University of Toronto and eventually convinced Dr.Macleod to support him.In 1920，Fred happily entered a poorly equipped laboratory and was given a young assistant named Charles Best.Fred and Charles worked day and night，but early results in producing the hormone(激素) preparation they called insulin(胰岛素) were discouraging.Many of the animals they treated died.Finally one animal survived for several weeks.The team appeared to be finally getting somewhere，and it was time to move on to human subjects.Before treating human patients，however，Fred and Charles tested the safety of their insulin each other.Their tests were a triumph.
The first patient to be treated was a fourteen-year-old boy named Leonard.The year was 1921.The poor boy weighed only seventy-five pounds，and he was barely alive.But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success.Leonard gained weight，and his health dramatically improved.
In 1923，the Nobel Prize in medicine was awarded jointly to Canadian doctors Frederick Banting and J．J.R.Macleod.Fred could have made himself a millionaire with his discovery.Instead，he sold his patent for the production of insulin to the University of Toronto—for one dollar—so that the drug could be marketed cheaply and thousands of lives could be saved and improved.Thanks to Fred，diabetics are able to live normal lives where before it was impossible.
Fred was just ordinary in many respects but he was a man with the strong will to get to his goal.He had the heart of a true Canadian hero.
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了弗雷德里克·班廷在一战后投身于糖尿病研究，研制出胰岛素，却以一美元的价格卖掉了该专利，以让更多的病人得到救治。
1．What does paragraph 1 focus on
A．Why Fred graduated early.
B．How Fred took up the research.
C．Why Fred changed his life goal.
D．What Fred experienced in the war.
答案　B
解析　段落大意题。第一段中“After graduation，he began studies to become a minister.When that did not go well，he changed his goal to medicine...Just then he began to focus on articles on diabetes(糖尿病)，a disease that had claimed the life of a neighbour’s child.”以时间顺序讲述了弗雷德毕业后的一系列发展：从想成为牧师到做了战地医生再到最后开始研究糖尿病。所以第一段重点讲述弗雷德是如何开始从事这项(糖尿病)研究的。故答案为B。
2．What does the underlined word “triumph” mean in paragraph 2
A．Victory. B．Reference.
C．Challenge. D．Demonstration.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。画线词所在句中的Their tests指代Fred 和Charles在他们自己身上做的胰岛素试验。根据第三段中的“But the new insulin treatment administered by Fred and Charles was a great success”可知他们在自己身上的试验是成功的。故画线词是“成功”的含义。故答案为A。
3．Why did Fred sell his patent
A．To make money.
B．To earn reputation.
C．To benefit patients.
D．To promote insulin.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Instead，he sold his patent for the production of insulin...and thousands of lives could be saved and improved.”可知弗雷德卖出专利是想让更多的病人受益。故答案为C。
4．Which of the following is probably the best title for the text
A．A Successful Test
B．A Famous Scientist
C．A Chance Discovery
D．An Unlikely Hero
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其根据最后两段可知，文章主要讲述了弗雷德里克在战后投身于糖尿病研究，成功研制出胰岛素，本可以成为百万富翁，却以一美元的价格卖掉了该专利以让更多的病人得到救治，他在许多方面都是平凡的但他却有一颗真正的加拿大英雄的心。所以D选项“一位意想不到的英雄”最适合作为文章标题。故答案为D。
B
Qian Hongyan waited on the starting block，supporting herself using her hands and torso(躯干)．When the starting signal sounded，Qian pushed herself in.She won the silver medal in the women’s 100-meter breaststroke(蛙泳) SB5 final in the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities held in Xi’an，Shaanxi Province in 2021.
Qian，from Luliang of Yunnan Province，had both of her legs cut off after getting into an accident in 2000 when she was 4 years old.Her family was extremely poor.With little resources available，her grandfather cut up an old basketball to replace her lower body.Since then，she became well-known for moving around while balanced on an orange ball，earning her the nickname “basketball girl”．
Qian’s passion for swimming dates back to 2007，when she was invited by the local disabled people’s federation to watch the 7th National Paralympic Games in Kunming，capital of Yunnan.At 11 years old，she joined the provincial swimming team for people with disabilities.However，without legs，it was difficult for Qian to keep her balance in water.“Swimming without legs is like rowing a boat without a rudder(船舵)．I tended to swing due to a poor sense of direction，” Qian said.To help her overcome the difficulty，her coach designed a special training plan for her.Every day，she practiced for at least four hours.She made great efforts to enhance her arm strength and balance.
In 2009，she won three gold medals in the provincial contests in Yunnan，as well as one gold medal and two silvers at national events.In 2014，she won another gold medal in the 100m breaststroke final in the Yunnan Provincial Paralympic Games.In the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games，she placed ninth in the 100m breaststroke.
Qian’s journey to create a future for herself，despite losing both legs in a tragic accident，has become the story that inspires thousands of disabled people in China.
语篇解读　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了“篮球女孩”钱红艳的励志故事。通过艰苦的努力，她终于圆了自己的奥运梦，用坚韧不拔的意志激励了无数人。
5．How did Qian earn her the nickname “basketball girl”？
A．She liked playing basketball.
B．She had no legs like a basketball.
C．She kept balance on an old basketball.
D．She got into an accident when playing basketball.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段尤其最后两句可知，她因事故而被截肢，失去了双腿，爷爷用切掉一半的篮球代替她的下半身以使她保持平衡，因此她被称为“篮球女孩”。故选C项。
6．What made Qian become interested in swimming
A．She received a special training plan.
B．She joined the provincial swimming team.
C．She tended to swing with a poor sense of direction.
D．She was invited to watch the 7th National Paralympic Games.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，因被邀请观看了第七届全国残疾人运动会，她对游泳产生了兴趣。故选D项。
7．What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Qian
A．Her efforts. B．Her skills.
C．Her achievements. D．Her influences.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。通读第四段内容可知，该段按照时间顺序讲述了钱红艳在历次比赛中取得的成绩。选项C “Her achievements.”高度概括了该段主旨。故选C项。
8．What can we learn from Qian’s story
A．Painstaking efforts pay off.
B．Help cures disabilities.
C．Disabilities lead to success.
D．Love helps the disabled.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，尽管经历了伤残的痛苦，但是，钱红艳没有放弃，而是努力成为创造未来的人，并在历次比赛中取得好成绩，由此可推知，她的故事告诉我们“艰苦的努力终会有回报”。故选A项。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
(2024·河北保定高二期末)
My daughter and her husband rented a house without furniture.Soon after that，they saw a sofa 1 for free that was about 45 minutes from where they live.The ad said whoever 2 arrived there would get it.They were the first but it was too 3 to fit in all in one go.They were 4 for a while.
Then an old man from across the road 5 with a tape measure(卷尺) and a couple of oranges from his 6 to give them.The tape measure showed there was no 7 to load it in the truck.They would have to make two 8 .The old man said he would 9 it with a sheet and make sure no one took the other part.When they returned，he said someone else had tried to get it but he had 10 them.
Then this man told his story.He came from a poor country and grew up with a dirt floor,6 siblings(兄弟姐妹) and no 11 .People often forgot how 12 it was for young people starting out，but he 13 them for seizing the available opportunities.Besides the oranges from his yard，this old man also 14 them $50 and suggested spending it doing something nice for themselves and others.The 15 of this old man had my daughter in tears when she told the story to me.
语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者的女儿在捡沙发时遇到一位陌生老人，这位老人的慷慨帮助使人分外感动。
1．A.advertised B．deserted
C．thrown D．exhibited
答案　A
解析　advertise为……打广告；desert遗弃；throw抛出；exhibit展出。由后文“The ad” 可知，这里应指作者的女儿看到一则宣传沙发的广告。故选A。
2．A.suddenly B．first
C．really D．always
答案　B
解析　suddenly突然地；first第一；really真正地；always总是。由后文“They were the first”可知，广告说谁“第一个”到谁就能得到沙发。故选B。
3．A.big B．old
C．heavy D．complex
答案　A
解析　big大的；old旧的；heavy重的；complex复杂的。由后文“The tape measure showed there was no to load it in the truck.”可知，沙发太“大”了，不能一次装走。故选A。
4．A.explaining B．arguing
C．struggling D．repairing
答案　C
解析　由前文“They were the first but it was too to fit in all in one go.”可知，他们努力着想要把沙发运走。故选C。
5．A.fell down B．went away
C．checked in D．came out
答案　D
解析　fall down摔倒；go away离开；check in入住；come out出来。由前文“from across the road”以及语境可知，老人是从马路对面走“出来”的。故选D。
6．A.truck B．store
C．garden D．kitchen
答案　C
解析　truck卡车；store商店；garden花园；kitchen厨房。由后文“Besides the oranges from his yard”可知，这些橘子来自老人的“花园”。故选C。
7．A.way B．sign
C．proof D．rule
答案　A
解析　way方法；sign符号；proof证明；rule规则。由后文“They would have to make two .”可知，他们“不可能”把沙发一次性装上卡车。no way表示“没有办法，不可能”，符合语境。故选A。
8．A.rounds B．trips
C．rescues D．decisions
答案　B
解析　round轮次；trip出行；rescue救援；decision决定。由前文“The tape measure showed there was no to load it in the truck.”可知，他们需要两次“出行”才能运走沙发。故选B。
9．A.hide B．decorate
C．cover D．clean
答案　C
解析　hide隐藏；decorate装饰；cover覆盖；clean清洁。由后文“with a sheet”可知，老人准备用床单“盖住”沙发。故选C。
10．A.defeated B．introduced
C．attacked D．prevented
答案　D
解析　defeat打败；introduce引入；attack攻击；prevent阻止。由上文“someone else had tried to get it”以及but表转折可知，老人“阻止了”他们。故选D。
11．A.money B．chances
C．relatives D．reputation
答案　A
解析　money钱；chance机会；relative亲属；reputation名誉。由前文“a poor country”可知，家里应该是没“钱”的。故选A。
12．A.natural B．respectable
C．sudden D．difficult
答案　D
解析　natural天然的；respectable可敬的；sudden突然的；difficult困难的。由上下文可推知，年轻人刚开始是很“困难的”。故选D。
13．A.punished B．thanked
C．admired D．forgave
答案　C
解析　punish惩罚；thank感谢；admire钦佩；forgive原谅。由前文“People often forgot...”以及but表转折可知，人们常常忘记年轻人刚开始是很困难的，但这位老人很“钦佩”年轻人抓住可获得的机会。故选C。
14．A.promised B．showed
C．lent D．gave
答案　D
解析　promise答应；show显示；lend借出；give给。由第二段中“oranges from his to give them”以及前文“Besides the oranges from his yard”可知，除了橘子，老人还“给”他们钱了。故选D。
15．A.reason B．kindness
C．recognition D．knowledge
答案　B
解析　reason原因；kindness善良；recognition识别；knowledge知识。由前文“Besides the oranges from his yard，this old man also them $50”可知，给他们橘子和钱都是老人的“善举”，这让作者的女儿很感动。故选B。Section Ⅲ　Lesson 2 　Top Five Secrets of Success
Ⅰ.Listen to the material on P34 and then choose the best answer.(高考形式)
1．Who has worked hard for his dream for more than half a century
A．Bill Gates.
B．Yuan Longping.
C．Novak Djokovic.
答案　B
2．Who had spent 10,000 hours working on a basic computer
A．Novak Djokovic.
B．J.K.Rowling.
C．Bill Gates.
答案　C
3．Who was rejected by 12 publishers before becoming successful
A．Ren Zhengfei.
B．J.K.Rowling.
C．Novak Djokovic.
答案　B
Ⅱ.Listen to the conversation on P35 and get the main idea of it.(精听训练)
They are talking about a 1.book that gives tips about 2.how to be successful.The girl mentions 3.3/three tips and at last the boy is 4.interested in it.
Ⅲ.Listen to the conversation on P35 again and then fill in the blanks with the words you hear.(精听训练)
(G＝Girl　B＝Boy)
G：I’ve been reading a book that gives lots of great tips on how to be successful.I think it’s very 1.useful and motivating.
B：Oh What’s the name of this book
G：The book is called Secrets of Success.It’s a 2.fantastic read!
B：3.Please tell me about it.What kinds of things have you learnt
G：Well，first，the book encourages people to prepare themselves for success.For example，by imaging their best possible self and by writing down their goals.
B：Really？4.I’m interested in it.I may have to 5.give it a look.What else did you learn from the book
G：So second，I learnt tips on how to develop good habits through a positive attitude，for example，being focused on what you do.
B：Wow,6.it sounds like a useful book.I really want to 7.check it out now.Go on!
G：OK and thirdly，it mentions effective daily practices such as making to-do lists and limiting time on social networking and other distractions.
B：Mm，you’ve 8.convinced me to read this book! 9.Can I borrow your copy when you have finished reading it
G：Sure，I’d be glad to lend it to you.
influential adj.有影响力的；有支配力的(influence n．& vt.影响)
have an influence on/upon对……有影响
under the influence of在……的影响下
under one’s influence在某人的影响下
(1)As a person of low rank，my words are not influential(influence)，so I would rather keep silent.
(2)Under the influence of my physics teacher，I have grown increasingly interested in physics.
[写作佳句]
(3)(话题写作之人物描写)孔子是中国古代的哲学家，他的思想对中国乃至全世界都产生了深远的(profound)影响。
Confucius is an ancient Chinese philosopher whose thought has had a profound influence on/upon China and even the whole world.
devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于(devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的devotion n．关爱；奉献)
devote...to sth把……奉献给某物；把……用于某物
devote oneself to (doing) sth＝be devoted to (doing) sth专心于(做)某事；致力于(做)某事
(1)Additionally，I have a strong desire to devote myself to constructing(construct) our country by using my professional knowledge.
(2)We have learned a great deal from her devotion(devote) to her work and her enthusiasm to help others.
[写作佳句]
(3)(记叙文之写人)他全身心地投入到社区活动中，受到周围人的赞扬。
①He devoted himself to/was devoted to community activities and was praised by the people around.
②Devoting himself to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
③Devoted to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
limit vt.&n．限制，限定(limited adj.有限的，受限制的 limitless adj.无限的；无尽的 limitation n．限制；局限)
set a limit to/on限制……
beyond the limit超过限度
There is a/no limit to...(to为介词)……是有限的/无限的。
limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
(1)There’s no limit to what we can accomplish if we work hard enough.
(2)To be healthy，you should also set a limit on/to the time of workout，just as the specialist told you.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之征文通知)要求你的文章限制在800词以内。如果你的文章超过限度，将不被录用。
You are required to limit your essay to 800 words.If your essay is beyond the limit，it will not be accepted.
convince vt.使确信；使信服；说服，劝说(convinced adj.确信的；坚信的 convincing adj.令人信服的)
convince sb of sth 使某人确信/明白某事
convince sb that...使某人相信……
convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
be convinced (that...)/of...(某人)坚信……
(1)It took us half an hour to convince the professor to delay(delay) the deadline of the paper.
(2)His presentation was so convincing(convince) that I became his follower immediately.
(3)I felt depressed that I couldn’t convince my father of my honesty.
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之建议信)我坚信，只要你不断练习绘画，你一定会进步的。
I’m convinced that as long as you keep practicing your painting，you will definitely make progress.
训练5　Lesson 2(A)
[分值：35分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．Yuan Longping committed himself to improving the production of his hybrid rice.
2．If you want to get on，you must devote much time to your goal.
3．Buying furniture for your house will cost you a minimum(最小值) of 50,000 yuan.
4．The women’s volleyball team put up a desperate fight to win the world championship(锦标赛) at all costs.
5．The writer felt fortunate to find a publisher(出版商) who would like to give her a chance.
6．My proposal didn’t meet my mother’s approval，that is，it was rejected.
7．The employees refused to sign on the contract because it was unfair.
8．His speech was so motivating(激发人的) that many enthusiastic young men signed up for the activity on the spot.
9．Johnson got fined for driving beyond the speed limit.
10．There seemed to be lots of distractions(使人分心的事物) in the office and I couldn’t focus.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
1．It upset him that his new book was not as influential(influence) as he had expected.
2．Those astronauts devoted all their life to exploring(explore) the space.
3．They may only have a limited(limit) amount of time to get their points across.
4．His action was very convincing(convince) and the audience believed that was the most delicious meal in his life.
5．The production(produce) of rice this year is higher than that of last year.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共7小题；每小题2.5分，满分17.5分)
A
If you are seeking to unlock the secrets to success，here are four books that offer invaluable wisdom and practical advice to help you along your path.
The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People
Stephen R．Covey’s timeless classic outlines seven foundational principles for personal and professional success.From proactive(积极主动的) decision-making to effective leadership and interpersonal skills，this book stresses the importance of matching personal values with actions.It serves as a powerful guide to achieving long-term success and building meaningful relationships.
Outliers: The Story of Success
In the book，Malcolm Gladwell explores the factors that contribute to exceptional success.Through insightful case studies，Gladwell challenges traditional thoughts of talent and hard work，stressing the importance of opportunities，cultural backgrounds，and deliberate practice.This thought-provoking book encourages readers to rethink their approaches to success and shows the importance of making use of unique circumstances.
Mindset: The New Psychology of Success
In the book，Carol S．Dweck explores the power of mindset and its effect on personal growth and achievement.By distinguishing between a “fixed mindset” and a “growth mindset”，Dweck highlights how accepting challenges，maintaining resilience，and cultivating a love for learning can lead to remarkable success.This book provides valuable insights for transforming obstacles(障碍) into opportunities for growth.
Principles
Ray Dalio’s Principles is a transformative guidebook packed with valuable insights.Drawing on his extensive experience in investment management，Dalio shares practical wisdom for success.The book offers actionable principles for decision-making，problem-solving，and personal growth.By applying these principles，readers can deal with challenges，seize opportunities，and make a meaningful impact.
语篇解读　这是一篇应用文。文章主要推荐了四本关于成功秘诀的书。
1．Which factors contributing to success does the second book stress
A．Talent and hard work.
B．Creative thinking and teamwork.
C．Chances and cultural backgrounds.
D．Adventurous action and confidence.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段的“Through insightful case studies，Gladwell challenges traditional thoughts of talent and hard work，stressing the importance of opportunities，cultural backgrounds，and deliberate practice.”可知，第二本书强调了机会、文化背景和刻意练习等都是促成成功的因素。故选C。
2．Whose book highlights the impact of mentality on individual development
A．Stephen R．Covey’s. B．Malcolm Gladwell’s.
C．Carol S．Dweck’s. D．Ray Dalio’s.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段首句“In the book，Carol S．Dweck explores the power of mindset and its effect on personal growth and achievement.”可知，Carol S．Dweck的书强调了思维对个人发展的影响。故选C。
3．What is the text type
A．A piece of news of new authors.
B．A recommendation on books.
C．A paper on the secrets to success.
D．A text on successfully writing books.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“If you are seeking to unlock the secrets to success，here are four books that offer invaluable wisdom and practical advice to help you along your path.”可知，文章是一份关于书籍的推荐。故选B。
B
“Your mind is a garden; your thoughts are the seeds.The harvest can either be flowers or weeds，” William Wordsworth wrote.In the above quote，William suggests that the process of gardening mirrors human life.Depending on what we “plant” in our lives，we bloom(生长茂盛) or don’t.Before you start to work in your garden，it’s necessary to have a vision for it.Thinking of what you want to grow in your garden and how to lay it out is a good first step in making your vision a fruitful reality.In life，you should consider what you want to create and what you want to achieve，because your mind-garden is like the white paper and the possibilities are endless.
Regardless of what you choose to plant，poor soil isn’t suitable for growth.This is why gardeners take the time and energy to upgrade the soil before planting.So，creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams.Fortunately，there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock better.Getting education is one of the most effective ways，which can help you enrich your life’s soil.
You don’t have to be an enthusiastic gardener to understand the meaning of “You harvest what you sow”．When a gardener wants tomatoes，they just need to plant tomato seeds.It’s a very clear act that produces an expected result.Each of us has the power to decide which “life seeds” to plant.For example，if you plant ill seeds，it’s likely that you’ll experience pain in return.Contrarily，if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding，your life will bloom with happiness and love.
A gardener’s truly hard work begins after the seeds are in the ground because a garden requires a lot of care and attention.Regular watering and weeding are required for a healthy garden.So，to ensure your dreams take root，you should be devoted，aware，and present.After countless hours and energy spent，the crops have grown well and are finally ready to be harvested.
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。作者以种植为例，形象地论述了如何实现人生的梦想和目标：做出好的规划，准备肥沃的土壤，选择正确的种子，精心培育。
4．What is important before gardeners break ground in their gardens
A．Receiving some training in planting.
B．Drawing up a good plan for their gardens.
C．Having the courage to accept the worst outcome.
D．Doing research on the common local garden plants.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Before you start to work in your garden，it’s necessary to have a vision for it.Thinking of what...”可知，作者认为在翻地整理园子之前，有个好的规划很重要。故选B。
5．What does the author compare getting education to
A．Improving the condition of the soil.
B．Growing your most favorable plants.
C．Taking care of the plants in your garden.
D．Selecting proper goals in gardening work.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中“So，creating the right soil is important to the realization of your goals and dreams.Fortunately，there are countless ways to make your personal bedrock better.Getting education is one of the most effective ways，which can help you enrich your life’s soil.”可知，作者把接受教育比作改善土壤条件。故选A。
6．What does the author want to express in paragraph 3
A．Your quality of life depends on your positive action.
B．Your experience can help you understand plants better.
C．Your choice of soil is an important part in your gardening.
D．Your knowledge of planting will make you a successful gardener.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“It’s a very clear act that produces an expected result.Each of us has the power to decide which ‘life seeds’ to plant...Contrarily，if you plant seeds of kindness and understanding，your life will bloom with happiness and love.”可知，我们的生活质量取决于我们的积极行动。故选A。
7．What’s the best title of the passage
A．Improvement of Planting Skills
B．How to Become a Qualified Gardener
C．How to Achieve Your Dreams and Goals
D．The Mystery of Harvesting Abundant Crops
答案　C
解析　标题归纳题。通读全文，根据第一段前三句可知，作者认为我们目标的实现与否取决于我们在生活中“种植”什么。故选C。
训练6　Lesson 2(B)
[分值：32.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·广东普宁期中)
Susan had always loved making clothes，spending her teenage years fashioning Vogue Patterns to wear to parties.However，life got in the way of taking her fashion dreams any further.
Susan worked as any staff from a waitress to a cook in an old people’s home，before getting a job at a charity.
“For some reason，the charity had to reduce my days.I thought I’d use the opportunity to take up an A-level on my extra day off，and of course I chose textile，” she said.“At last，I knew what I wanted to do with myself; I wanted to be creative.”
At the age of 61，Susan quit her job to follow her passion.“I loved learning all the different techniques like quilting，batik(蜡染)，pattern making，” she said.“I felt I was in my element，and getting my hands dirty with bleach(漂白剂) and dyes; I’d never felt happier.”
After an open day at the University of Northampton，she signed up to get a degree in fashion.Susan was a hit at university，and the teachers were impressed with her designs，which she described as female.Being picked for the Graduate Fashion Week show was the cherry on the cake.She said，“It was an unbelievable experience and I loved every minute of the show.It’s given me a taste of what I want to do next，and that’s to work in the fashion industry.”
To anyone else who has a dream they’ve never had the chance to complete，she has an important message.“I want to tell people to just have a go，” she said.“One step at a time，the journey of 1,000 miles starts with one step.Do what you can with what you’ve got and don’t let age be a barrier.I’m so glad I did the course—it’s given me a new lesson of life and shows you can really do anything.”
1．When Susan was young，she .
A．determined to become a designer
B．knew nothing about fashion
C．liked to design clothes very much
D．dreamed to work at a charity
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知，苏珊年轻的时候非常喜欢设计时尚的衣服。故选C。
2．What does the underlined sentence “I was in my element” mean
A．I made a big decision in life.
B．I was used to the environment.
C．I made myself feel uncomfortable.
D．I did what I was good at.
答案　D
解析　句意理解题。根据第四段中“I loved learning all the different techniques ...I’d never felt happier.”可知，苏珊非常喜欢设计和制作衣服，故画线句句意为“我做了自己擅长的事”。故选D。
3．What are Susan’s designs like
A．They are connected with women.
B．They are different from those of others.
C．They reflect her attitude towards life.
D．They show the signs of natural beauty.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段第二句可知，苏珊的设计都是和女性有关的。故选A。
4．What can we learn from Susan
A．Find your own dream.
B．Never give up your dream.
C．Start your life one step at a time.
D．A step is the beginning of a journey.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，我们从苏珊的故事中了解到只要有梦想就要去追求，千万不要放弃梦想。故选B。
B
(2024·安徽蚌埠期中)
Walk around the city of Ann Arbor，Michigan，and you may see a green animal named Sluggo and a flying pig named Philomena.You might even see street artist David Zinn drawing them using only sidewalk chalk and charcoal(炭笔)．
At the age of 12，David began working as an artist.His dad was writing a computer instruction and worried that it would be boring to read.So he asked David to draw pictures of turtles (the name of the computer programme) to explain it.The publisher liked his drawings，and soon David had the job of drawing more turtles in action.“I learned a great lesson，which was that，to make money as an artist，I couldn’t always draw what I wanted，” he says.“I had to figure out how to draw a turtle drinking tea and other things like that.”
David worked for 20 years as a commercial(商业的) artist，but he often felt cooped up(禁锢) sitting at a computer for 10 hours a day.Then，on a sunny afternoon about ten years ago，he brought some chalk and started drawing on the sidewalk.That’s when Sluggo came to life.
“One of the reasons I like to put art on the street is to take people by surprise，” he says.“I can have fun drawing，and knowing it will be washed away helps me not think too much.It frees me up.”
It takes David about two hours to complete one drawing.He uses a lot of sidewalk characteristics in his street art.It can be difficult to draw on surfaces that are not flat.He has to notice where shadows will land so they won’t destroy the 3-D drawings he creates.
Today，more and more people are accepting and looking for his work.David’s artwork can also be found across the country and even throughout the world.Photos of his drawings have been shown at many universities and museums.
5．What did David learn from drawing turtles for his father
A．Work hard.
B．Follow your heart.
C．Draw what you like.
D．Draw in a creative way.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I learned a great lesson...I had to figure out how to draw a turtle drinking tea and other things like that.”可知，大卫发现要画得有创意才可以赚到钱。故选D。
6．How does David feel when knowing his drawing will be washed away
A．Relaxed. B．Worried.
C．Unhappy. D．Surprised.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“I can have fun drawing，and knowing it will be washed away helps me not think too much.It frees me up.”可知，知道自己的画会被冲洗掉让大卫感觉很轻松。故选A。
7．In what way is David’s art special
A．It shows his real life.
B．It is drawn on the flat sidewalk.
C．It needs a very long time to finish a drawing.
D．It is 3-D street art created by simple painting tools.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“David Zinn drawing them using only sidewalk chalk and charcoal(炭笔)”及倒数第二段中的“He has to notice where shadows will land so they won’t destroy the 3-D drawings he creates.”可知，大卫只用粉笔和炭笔就创造出了有意义的3D街头画作。故选D。
8．What do we know about David’s drawings
A．They are becoming popular.
B．They are too difficult to understand.
C．They are found mainly at museums.
D．They are hardly accepted by adults.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，现在大卫的画已经得到公众的认可及追捧，在世界各地都可以看到他的作品。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Successful individuals do things just a little differently from the average people.The same goes for athletes as well. 1
They get real.Don’t let the professional athletes fool you.Achieving racing success is not easy，even though there are some people out there who always seem to make it look so.Successful athletes know this and plan accordingly. 2 They equip themselves with effort，patience，and persistence because they know the journey can sometimes be long and difficult.
They have grit(勇气)．Anyone who wants to take charge of their own future must have grit. 3 Fear of failure can be very unpleasant.There will always be naysayers(爱唱反调的人)．However，you must commit to your goals and hold firm in the face of difficulties.
They believe in being their best，rather than being the best.Successful athletes know that there is always room for improvement.It’s like squeezing the last bit of toothpaste out of the tube. 4 In order to do this，you must first believe in your ability to do so.Sometimes it involves a different technique，strategy，or even a different coach.It also may involve learning a new skill altogether.
5 Successful athletes surround themselves with positive people.In order to create success，you should find those people and groups that support your goals.
A．They hang out with good apples.
B．They put themselves in others’ shoes.
C．They set realistic goals with each event.
D．Success，therefore，is built on small sustainable changes.
E．Here are four key habits that athletes have to create success.
F．It takes courage and thick skin to become a successful athlete.
G．Just when you think it’s empty，you squeeze out just a little more.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成功的运动员拥有的四种关键习惯。
1．答案　E
解析　根据空前内容可知，运动员与成功人士一样，做事方式与普通人不同，E选项承接上文，其中的four key habits与空前的“做事方式”相关，且与下文对应。故选E。
2．答案　C
解析　根据本段的主旨句“They get real.”可知，本段主要介绍的好习惯是要现实一点，C选项与本段的主题一致。故选C。
3．答案　F
解析　根据本段的主旨句“They have grit(勇气)．”可知，本段主要谈论勇气，F选项与本段的主题一致，其中的courage与grit意义相近。故选F。
4．答案　G
解析　根据空前的“It’s like squeezing the last bit of toothpaste out of the tube.”可知，此处用挤牙膏做比喻，G选项提到了squeeze out，呼应上文，其中的it指代上文的toothpaste。故选G。
5．答案　A
解析　设空处作本段主旨句。根据空后内容可知，本段讲的是成功运动员周围都是积极向上的人，A选项与空后的内容一致。故选A。Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3　Getting to the Top
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．What it means and takes to get to the top.
B．How important it is to push the limits and extremes.
C．There was nothing，only medals in the players’ eyes.
D．There was no good reason for giving up so much.
答案　A
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
(Paras.1－4)The situation the writer faces Things she 1.gives up as an Olympic athlete
Her friends’ 2.worries about her
Her 3.responses/reactions to their worries
The 4.fears she faces on a daily basis
(Paras.5－8) The reasons why the writer is successful Born with an enormous amount of 5.drive and determination
Doing little 6.extra thing in preparation
Being totally 7.committed to her sport
Being 8.willing to do what might take her to the top
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．Why do Olympic athletes challenge themselves to the limits
A．Because they want to win in sport.
B．Because their parents force them to do it.
C．Because they like it.
D．Because they have no friends.
答案　A
2．What’s the reason why the author could have become angry about what her friends said，but she didn’t
A．The reason was that she was unhealthy.
B．The reason was that they misunderstood her.
C．The reason was that they knew her hardship.
D．The reason was that some of what they said were true.
答案　D
3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 5
A．The author’s childhood.
B．The author’s inside drive to do the best.
C．The author’s sport as a child.
D．The author’s swimming experience as a small girl.
答案　B
4．What should a professional athlete be
A．Determined. B．Worried.
C．Cheerful. D．Careful.
答案　A
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
As an Olympic athlete，I push 1.myself(I) to the limits.My friends worried I had no time for fun and was in danger of 2.being left(leave) with only a world championship medal because of my hard training.
To be the top in sport，I have to face enormous fears and worries on a day-to-day 3.basis(base)．I am always tired and every workout has a mental intensity that seems too much for most 4.to handle(handle)．I have little time to get together with my families.In France，in order to find a swimming pool to train in，I 5.ruined(ruin) a family holiday.It boils down to this：I was born with 6.an enormous amount of drive and determination.7.Since my childhood，I have always lived my life to extremes.
You may think my lifestyle is 8.unhealthy(healthy) and my preparations are overdone.However，if you want to be an Olympic champion and reach the winner’s platform，you had better be 9.totally(total) committed to your sport.Doing the extra little bit in our preparation sets us apart 10.from other competitors.And getting to the top inspires everyone to strive for greatness.
补句子　析结构
1．As one of the Olympic athletes(athlete)，I miss birthday parties，ruin family holidays and skip nights out，but there is a very good reason for giving(give) up so much.(P36 Para.1)
结构分析：此句话为并列句。在第一个分句中含有三个并列的谓语动词；在第二个分句中，含有一个固定句型there is a very good reason for...“有一个很好的理由……”。
汉语翻译： 作为一名奥林匹克运动员，我错过生日聚会、破坏家庭旅行、放弃夜晚外出，但是放弃这么多是有合理的理由的。
2．He was worried that I had no longer become fun to train with and that I was in danger of being left(leave) with only a world championship medal and no one to share it with.(P36 Para.1)
结构分析：此句话为复合句，两个that引导并列宾语从句；第二个with后有两个宾语a world championship medal和no one，第二个宾语与后面的不定式构成了with复合结构。
汉语翻译：他担心和我一起训练不再是一件愉悦的事情，担心我处于只剩下世界冠军的奖牌而无人可以分享的危险境地。
3．I was pushing the limits and extremes(extreme) beyond what most thought were healthy.(P36 Para.2)
结构分析：此句话为复合句。what 引导宾语从句。
汉语翻译：我把极限提升到了大多数人认为超出健康的程度。
4．I think of countless birthday parties and nights out I have missed，ruining a family holiday in France because of the endless search for a swimming pool to train in，almost missing my brother’s wedding because I was too busy hiring(hire) a car in downtown Johannesburg and driving through the “no-go” areas in order to do a group ride with the local triathletes.(P36 Para.4)
结构分析：此句话为复合句。其中分词短语ruining...和almost missing...作结果状语；because引导原因状语从句。
汉语翻译：我想到了曾经错过的无数生日派对和本来可以外出狂欢的夜晚，因为一直寻找可以训练的游泳池，而破坏了一次去法国的全家旅行；为了和当地的铁人三项运动员一起骑行训练，我忙着在约翰内斯堡市中心租车，开车闯过“禁行”区，差点错过哥哥的婚礼。
5．In the words of the British triathlete Alistair Brownlee，even if it means getting injured(injure)，“I’d prefer to have(have) three or four outstanding years of winning stuff rather than have ten years of being average.” (P37 Para.7)
结构分析：此句话为复合句。句中even if引导让步状语从句，主句为直接引语。
汉语翻译：用英国铁人三项运动员阿利斯特尔·布朗利的话来说，即使这意味着受伤，“我也宁愿有三到四年的胜利辉煌，而不选择十年的平庸无为。”
6．Doing what we do as athletes sets us apart because we are willing to do(do) that extra little bit that might take us to the top.(P37 Para.8)
结构分析：此句话为复合句。其中what引导宾语从句，because 引导原因状语从句，that might take us to the top为定语从句。
汉语翻译：作为运动员，我们所做的事让我们与众不同，因为我们愿意做到那额外的一点点，这可能让我们走向顶峰。
7．It is certainly not a balanced way to live(live) and it is certainly not normal but those words are generally not used for anyone who is striving for greatness(great)．(P37 Para.8)
结构分析：此句话为并列复合句。其中but连接两个并列分句，第二个分句中，who引导定语从句。
汉语翻译：它当然不是一种平衡的生活方式，也肯定不寻常，但寻常、平衡这些词是不会用来形容追求伟大的人的。
strive vi.努力；奋斗
strive for为……奋斗；争取……
strive against/with反抗……；与……作斗争
strive to do sth努力做某事
(1)Don’t strive merely for the quantity of production；quality is of vital importance.
(2)Every day he has to strive against/with distraction in order to study better.
[写作佳句]
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)不管以前做得多么好，你都应该始终努力取得更大的进步。
You should always strive to make greater progress，however well you have done before.
ruin vt.毁灭；使破产；糟蹋，毁坏 n．废墟；毁灭
ruin one’s hope/chance毁掉某人的希望/机会
ruin oneself自我毁灭
in ruins破败不堪；严重受损
(1)The flood ruined crops in the field，and many buildings lay in ruins.
(2)The young man is an alcoholic，and he will ruin himself(he) by drinking too much sooner or later.
[写作佳句]
(3)许多房屋和道路都成了废墟，人们陷入无尽的恐慌之中。(独立主格)
Numerous houses and roads in ruins，people were into a limitless panic.
apply oneself to (doing) sth 努力；专心致志于(做)某事(applicant n．申请人 application n．申请，请求；申请书；运用)
apply (to...) for...(向……)申请……
apply to适用于；与……有关
apply...to...把……运用到……；把……涂到……
(1)I applied to the company for a position but was rejected by it.
(2)The most important thing is that you should apply what you have learned to practice.
(3)All the applicants have handed in their applications to take part in the innovation competition.(apply)
[写作佳句]
(4)(应用文写作之申请信)希望您能考虑我的申请，我相信我不会让您失望的。
Hopefully，you can take my application into consideration and I am sure I won’t let you down.
set sb/sth apart 使与众不同
tell...apart 把……区分开
tear...apart (from)把……撕开；强行使……离开……
fall apart破裂；破碎；崩溃
take...apart将……拆开
(1)用apart短语的正确形式填空
①My niece was obsessed with social networking and her mother couldn’t tear her apart from the cellphone.
②Ultimately，their country fell apart because of political conflicts.
③It is her outstanding performance that sets her apart from others.
[写作佳句]
(2)(读后续写之动作链描写)当他看到那个旧钟时，他把它拆开，找出哪里出了问题，然后把整个钟重新组装起来。
When he saw the old clock，he took it apart，found what was wrong，and put the whole thing together again.
average adj.平均的；平庸的，普通的 n．平均数；平均水平
above/below the average高/低于平均水平
on average平均；一般地
(1)She runs on average about 15 miles every day，whatever the circumstances，whatever the weather.
[写作佳句]
(2)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)近年来，电子设备的平均数量急剧上升，使我们能够在线学习。
The average number of electronic devices has risen sharply in recent years，making it possible for us to study online.
the way 作先行词的定语从句
Call it unhealthy if you want，but that is the way I roll，no matter what it is I’m applying myself to.(P37 Para.5)
你若说这是一种病态也行，但这就是我的做事风格，不管做什么我都会全力以赴。
结构分析：此句话为并列复合句。but连接两个并列分句；第一个分句是祈使句，if引导条件状语从句；第二个分句中含有no matter what引导的让步状语从句，I’m applying myself to是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰what。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
the way作先行词时，如果在定语从句中作主语或宾语，用关系代词that/which 引导定语从句；如果定语从句中缺状语，则用that或者in which 引导定语从句，关系词可以省略。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
(1)(2022·全国乙，书面表达)坦率地说，有一系列对我们英语学习有益的方法，但是找到最适合你的是非常重要的。
Frankly speaking，there are a wide range of ways that/which are of great benefit to our English learning，but it is of great significance to find one that suits you best.
(2)我几乎要崩溃了，这时我爸爸想出一个我们能够返回叔叔的农舍的好方法。
I was almost on the edge of breaking down when my dad came up with a good way (that/in which) we could return to my uncle’s farmhouse.
(3)你能告诉我你解那道题使用的方法吗？
Can you tell me the way that/which you use to solve the problem？
阅读以下短文，感知黑体部分的句子，并回答其后的问题。
Mr Smith was (1)a teacher from (2)a university.We were of (3)an age.We all liked exploring (4)nature.He was (5)the first foreign teacher I had met.In (6)the 1990s，he and his wife were traveling along (7)the Yangtze River when (8)a ship wrecked.(9)The Smiths came up to help (10)the injured and saved (11)a boy by catching him by (12)the arm.The boy’s parents said they were (13)the kindest people in (14)the world.They would remember (15)the couple forever.
1．不定冠词通常表示不确定，即泛指。a用在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前面，如句(1)(2)(8)(11)；an用在发音以元音音素开头的单词前，如句(3)。
2．定冠词一般表示确定，即特指，如句(5)(6)(7)(9)(10)(12)(13)(14)(15)。
3．有些名词前既不用定冠词，也不用不定冠词，称作零冠词，如句(4)。
冠词
冠词是一个虚词，它置于名词之前，限定名词的意义。冠词可分为定冠词、不定冠词和零冠词三类。
一、不定冠词的用法
1．不定冠词泛指某一类人或物中的任何一个，也可表示数量“一”或价钱、时间、速度等的“每一”。
Polar bears live mostly on sea ice，which they use as a platform for hunting seals.
北极多数生活在海冰上，它们将海冰作为捕捉海豹的平台。
Dr.Spence told us，“A fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
思本斯博士告诉我们：“这里五分之一的学生在牛津大学和剑桥大学继续学习。”
2．用于序数词前表示“又一”“再一”。
He missed the gold medal in the high jump，but will get a second chance in the long jump.
他在跳高比赛中错失了金牌，但是在跳远比赛中将得到再一次机会。
3．用于具体化的抽象名词前或由动词转化而来的名词前。
Being able to afford a drink would be a comfort in those tough times.
在那些艰苦的日子里，能够买一瓶饮料也是件令人宽慰的事。
4．用于不可数名词前，表示“一阵，一场，一份”等。
All of a sudden，there was an extremely loud knock outside.突然，门外有人大声敲门。
5．用于专有名词前，相当于a certain，意为“某个” “一个”。
The house next door has been bought by a Mr Brown.
隔壁的房子被一位布朗先生买走了。
6．用在一些固定短语中
as a result结果
as a whole总体上
at a loss不知所措
in a way在某种程度上
in a word总之
in a hurry匆忙
二、定冠词的用法
1．特指某些人或物(包括上文提到过的人或物)以及谈话双方都知道的人或物。
They chose Tom to be the captain of the team because they knew he was a smart leader.
他们选汤姆做团队的队长，因为他们知道他是一位智慧的领导。
2．用在世界上独一无二的事物名词前。
The boy didn’t reply，staring at the stars in the sky and continuing playing the violin.
男孩没有回应，只是看着天空中的星星继续拉小提琴。
3．用于形容词、副词最高级，序数词或方位词之前。
It was the first time that the cities in the south of the country had experienced the heaviest rainfall.
这是该国南部的城市第一次经历最严重的降雨。
4．用于姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人。
The Reads went to California to seek their fortune in the 1870s.
里德一家于19世纪70年代去加利福尼亚州闯荡。
5．用于单数名词前表示类别。
The lion is a fierce animal，which is also in danger of dying out.
狮子是一种凶猛的动物，它也有灭绝的危险。
6．用在形容词或形容词化的过去分词前，表示一类人或物。
It is reported that the injured have been sent to the hospital.据报道，伤者已被送往医院。
Actually the rich are not always happier than the poor.
事实上，富人不总是比穷人幸福。
7．用于西洋乐器名词前。
She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano.
她刚写完作业，妈妈就让她练钢琴。
8．用于整十复数数词或表示年代、世纪、朝代的词前。
Since the 1990s，studying abroad has been a fashion.
20世纪90年代以来，出国留学已成为一种潮流。
It is said that the old building dates back to the Ming Dynasty.这座古建筑据说可以追溯到明代。
9．用于表示江河海洋的名词前。
the Changjiang/Yangtze River长江
the Red Sea红海
10．在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词的意思不同，请注意区别：
in front of 在……前面
in the front of在……范围内的前部
in hospital(生病)住院
in the hospital在医院里
三、零冠词的用法
1．表示泛指的不可数名词或可数名词复数前不用冠词。
Snow was falling when I woke up in the early morning.
我一大清早醒来，天正在下雪。
2．球类运动、棋类游戏等名词前不用冠词。
I like playing baseball.What about you
我喜欢打棒球，你呢？
3．作表语、补语、同位语的职位名词前不用冠词。
They elected Henry president of the society because of his great ability.
他们选举亨利为社团主席是由于他出众的能力。
I’m Li Ming，chairman of the school Student Council.我是李明，校学生会主席。
4．非特指的季节、月份、星期及三餐等名词前不用冠词。
The workers will have to complete the project by the end of June.
工人们必须在六月底完成该项目。
We’re going to hold a party.Won’t you stay for lunch，Mr William
我们要举办一次聚会。威廉先生，您会留下吃午餐吗？
5．一些表示地点的名词，如：bed，school，hospital，home，work等，当人们在这些地方做应该做的事时，不加冠词。
go home回家
go to school去上学
go to bed睡觉
in hospital住院
go to work上班
注意：如果在上述词组中加上定冠词the，可以表示去这些场所做其他的事情。如：
He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.
他来学校和校长谈话。
His mother is in hospital and he has been in the hospital to take care of her.
他妈妈生病住院了，他就一直在医院里面照顾她。
6．用在一些固定短语中
at present目前　at risk处于危险中
by hand用手工　by weight按重量
by chance偶然　by plane乘飞机
by mistake错误地　in trouble在困境中
in need需要　in advance提前
under repair在修理中　lose heart灰心
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．With limited time left，the senior 3 student has to strive to be admitted to a university.
2．Many people got injured in the accident but fortunately，nobody was killed.
3．I rushed back to the dormitory for him，only to find he had left.
4．We keep a cat and two dogs.The cat is black and the dogs are white.
5．The biggest whale is the blue whale，which grows to be about 29 meters long and the height of an 8-story building.
6．To his surprise，his opponent is not opposed to giving him a second chance.
7．He not only is the best student in our class，but also has an excellent sense of humour.
8．I was reading a novel attentively when my English teacher patted me on the head.
9．She stayed up until 11：30 pm one evening on purpose just to see the moonlight.
10．One thing we can do to help solve this problem is walk or use a bicycle when possible.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．教授犯了一个可怕的错误，几乎毁了他的职业生涯。
The professor made a terrible mistake，which almost ruined his career.
2．看到他在舞台上完美地弹钢琴，我从心底感到自豪。
Seeing him playing the piano perfectly on the platform，I felt proud from the bottom of my heart.
3．她很快意识到这可能是因为她坐在最后一排。
She quickly realized that it was probably because of the fact that she sat in the last row.
4．因此，他们与周围人的交流变得越来越少。
As a result，their communication with people around them becomes less and less.
5．音乐在我的生活中扮演着如此重要的角色，以至于我只要有空就听。
Music plays such an important part/role in my life that I listen to it whenever I can.
Ⅲ.用恰当的冠词完成下列语段
On 1.an extremely warm day，I looked at 2.the window and saw 3.a bird perching in 4.the tree.I kept watching it but it didn’t see me.5.The bird looked beautiful.Suddenly 6.a cat appeared and 7.the bird got frightened.It seemed as if the bird was in 8./ danger.However，it turned out that I shouldn’t have been worried about it.It had flown away swiftly before 9.the cat drew near.What 10.an unforgettable day！
训练7　Lesson 3(A)
[分值：40分]
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分)
1．这名外国学生专注地学汉语，很快就可以说得很流畅了。(apply oneself to)
The foreign student applied himself to learning Chinese and soon he could speak it with fluency.
2．他读了很多中文小说，写了很多日记，这使他与其他外国学生不同。(set sb apart；非限制性定语从句)
He read a number of Chinese novels and wrote lots of diaries，which set him apart from other foreign students.
3．教授认为他是一个优秀的外语学习者，他的成绩高于平均水平。(average；并列句)
The professor considered him an excellent foreign language learner，and his performance was above the average.
4．此外，他与老师和同学交谈的方式非常有礼貌。(the way 作先行词的定语从句)
Besides，the way (that/in which) he talked to his teachers and classmates was extremely polite.
5．他完全明白，决心、勇敢和勤奋可以帮助他追求卓越。(strive；宾语从句)
He fully understood that determination，bravery and hard work could help him strive for excellence.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
参考范文
The foreign student applied himself to learning Chinese and soon he could speak it with fluency.That was because he read a number of Chinese novels and wrote lots of diaries，which set him apart from other foreign students.The professor considered him an excellent foreign language learner，and his performance was above the average.Besides，the way (that/in which) he talked to his teachers and classmates was extremely polite.Actually，he fully understood that determination，bravery and hard work could help him strive for excellence.
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共4小题；每小题2.5分，满分10分)
Imagine reading a story titled “Pursuing Success”．That would be an inspiring story，wouldn’t it Maybe—but maybe not.It might well be the story of someone whose never-ending chase for more and more success leaves them unsatisfied and incapable of happiness.Though it isn’t a conventional medical addiction，for many people success has addictive properties.
Obviously，success goes with praise.To a certain extent，praise stimulates the neurotransmitter dopamine(神经递质多巴胺)，which contributes to all addictive behaviors.
The desire for success may be born to human nature，but specialness doesn’t come cheap.Success is tough work，and it requires bearing the cost of losing.In the 1980s，the physician Robert Goldman famously found that more than half of ambitious athletes would be willing to take a drug that would kill them in five years in exchange for winning every competition they entered.
Unfortunately，success is endless.The goal can’t be satisfactory; most people never feel “successful enough”．The high only lasts a day or two，and then it’s on to the next goal.Psychologists call this the hedonic treadmill(享乐跑步机现象)，in which satisfaction wears off almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.
People should get off the treadmill.But quitting isn’t easy for addicts.For people hooked on substances，withdrawal can be a painful experience，both physically and psychologically.Research finds that depression and anxiety are common among outstanding athletes after their careers end.Olympic athletes，in particular，suffer from the “post-Olympic blues”．
Just like wine，success in and of itself is not a bad thing.Both can bring fun and sweetness to life.But both become bossy when they are a substitute for—instead of a complement(补充物) to—the relationships and love that should be the center of our lives.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了成功是艰苦的工作，它要求承担失败的代价，带来的快乐却很短暂。对此，作者建议人们不要一味追求成功，应该思考自己生活中真正重要的东西是什么。
1．What can be inferred from the first paragraph
A．Success doesn’t always bring positive results.
B．A traditional，medical addiction leads to success.
C．The passion for constant success is rarely praised.
D．Success addiction has already drawn wide attention.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中“It might well be the story of someone whose never-ending chase for more and more success leaves them unsatisfied and incapable of happiness.”可推知，成功并不总是带来积极的结果。故选A。
2．Why did the author mention the research findings of Robert Goldman
A．To stress the key to success lies in efforts.
B．To show success is a tough and cruel job.
C．To argue that athletes deserve more rewards.
D．To describe the routine training of an ordinary athlete.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Success is tough work，and it requires bearing the cost of losing.In the 1980s，the physician Robert Goldman famously found...”可推知，作者提到Robert Goldman的研究结果是为了说明成功是一项艰难而残酷的工作。故选B。
3．What can success bring to a success addict according to psychologists
A．Satisfaction and a sense of pride.
B．Anxiety and short-lived happiness.
C．Relaxation and endless motivation.
D．Confidence and permanent happiness.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段末句“Psychologists call this the hedonic treadmill(享乐跑步机现象) in which satisfaction wears off almost immediately and we must run on to the next reward to avoid the feeling of falling behind.”和倒数第二段末句“Research finds that depression and anxiety are common among...”可知，心理学家认为，成功会给成功成瘾者带来焦虑和短暂的快乐。故选B。
4．What does the author suggest people do about pursuing success
A．Stop chasing success.
B．Chase success at any cost.
C．Reflect on what matters in life.
D．Give up love and relationships.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But both become bossy when they are a substitute for—instead of a complement(补充物) to—the relationships and love that should be at the center of our lives.”可推知，关于追求成功，作者建议人们思考生命中什么才是重要的。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
Through the work we do，our goals can 1. (realize) and our dreams fulfilled.Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be，work allows 2. (we) the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of,3. gives us a great sense of satisfaction.
Work provides room for personal growth，and helps us to live up to our 4.__________(expectation)．When we apply 5. a new job，we need to make our applications impressive to show our suitability for the role.In addition，we must be ready to acquire new skills.This can add to our sense of 6. (achieve) and improve our working efficiency.
Work is not only 7. (benefit) to our personal development，but it also contributes to the health of the society.In a successful and stable society，all jobs are 8. (equal) important and no one is better than the other，so we should not have prejudice(偏见) against anyone.Work is such 9. important part in our daily life and we should take the inspiration from the knowledge that 10. (work) hard is important for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole.
语篇解读　本文为议论文。文章讨论了努力工作对个人的发展和社会的利益都是极其重要的。
1．答案　be realized
解析　考查谓语动词及语态。设空处在句中与can一起构成谓语，和主语our goals之间为被动关系，空前为can，设空处应用be done形式。故填be realized。
2．答案　us
解析　考查代词。设空处作动词allows的宾语，应用宾格的形式。故填us。
3．答案　which
解析　考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词为前面整个句子。故填which。
4．答案　expectations
解析　考查名词复数。设空处在句中作介词的宾语，应用名词的形式，expectation表示“期望、愿望”时为可数名词，空前为our，可知应用名词的复数形式。故填expectations。
5．答案　for
解析　考查介词。apply for“申请”是固定短语。故填for。
6．答案　achievement
解析　考查名词。空处应填名词作宾语，achievement“成就”符合题意，a sense of achievement“成就感”是固定搭配。故填achievement。
7．答案　beneficial
解析　考查形容词。设空处应用形容词作表语，be beneficial to“对……有益”是固定搭配。故填beneficial。
8．答案　equally
解析　考查副词。修饰形容词important应用副词形式作状语。故填equally。
9．答案　an
解析　考查冠词。part“部分”是可数名词单数形式，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词，空后important为元音音素开头的形容词。故填an。
10．答案　working
解析　考查非谓语动词。设空处作that引导的同位语从句中的主语，应用动名词形式。故填working。
训练8　Lesson 3(B)
[分值：35分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
(2024·安徽滁州九校联考)
Glenn was born on July 18,1921，in Cambridge and grew up in nearby New Concord，Ohio.He started his flying career as a fighter pilot(飞行员)．Later，Glenn took a dangerous job as a test pilot，flying new planes to see if they were safe.
In the late 1950s，a “space race” began between the U．S.and the Soviet Union.Both countries wanted to be the first to send a human into space，including to the moon.In 1961，a Russian astronaut，Yuri Gagarin，orbited Earth.But the space race was not over yet.Glenn’s chance to go into space came on February 20,1962.By that time，another American，Alan B．Shepard，had flown in space，but he had not orbited Earth.Glenn’s flight was aired live on television and radio.Americans everywhere stopped to watch.
Glenn’s Friendship 7 capsule circled the planet three times.A faulty equipment led Glenn to believe the capsule might burn up on its return to Earth，but in the end it splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean.He became the first American to orbit Earth in a spaceship.
In 1984，Glenn ran for president，but he did not get enough support and dropped out of the race.Glenn returned to space on October 29,1998，when he was 77.He spent nine days on the space shuttle Discovery.Glenn went so that scientists could know the effects of space travel on older people.He holds the record for being the oldest person in space.Glenn died Thursday，Dec,8,2016，at the age of 95.
Glenn refused to see himself as a hero.He preferred to focus on his work，saying，“If there is one thing I’ve learned in my years on this planet，it’s that the happiest people I’ve known are those who devoted themselves to something bigger and more meaningful than merely their own self-interest.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。本文介绍了美国首位绕地球飞行的航天员约翰·格伦。
1．What do we know about Glenn
A．He worked as a fighter pilot in all his life.
B．He succeeded in the race for president in 1984.
C．He competed with another pilot Alan B．Shepard in space race.
D．He was the first American to circle Earth successfully.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Glenn成为第一个坐宇宙飞船绕地球飞行的美国人。故选D。
2．What happened during Glenn’s return to Earth
A．The capsule opened while circling Earth.
B．One part of the equipment went wrong.
C．The capsule was on fire all of a sudden.
D．The spaceship stopped working halfway.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Glenn返回地球时，设备的一部分出了毛病。故选B。
3．Why did Glenn return to space in 1998
A．To prove the safety of new space shuttles.
B．To get support for his running for president.
C．To test how space travel affected the elderly.
D．To become the oldest person in space by orbiting Earth.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三、四句可知，在1998年Glenn回到太空是为了测试太空旅行对老年人的影响。故选C。
4．What can we learn from Glenn’s words in the last paragraph
A．Selfish people care for their own interests.
B．Happy people are likely to succeed easily.
C．He has known most of the successful people.
D．The people who work for others are the happiest.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句可推知为别人工作的人是最幸福的。故选D。
B
(2024·江苏南京六校调研)
For many of us，there’s nothing better than burying our head in a good book.Whether it’s a crime story or a biography of someone’s amazing life，it’s good to read a book to switch off from the distractions of everyday life and help us relax.Maybe that’s why some of them are actually described as a therapy to sickness.
It may seem obvious that reading is good for us.It can be educational，and，as some say，it can “broaden the mind”．A good novel can make us happy or sad，or make us cry as we sympathize with characters.The power of books was recognized a few years ago by the British charity Reading Agency，who published a list of books that doctors could offer to patients，concerning topics from depression to chronic(慢性的) pain.It called this “bibliotherapy” and it’s become so successful that it’s about to be extended to children as well.
Professor Philip Davis studies the effects of literature and is author of a book called Reading for Life.He studied people in reading groups and found that it’s reading literature—written works thought to have artistic value，that has the best effect.“When reading something for pleasure，the brain begins to work from different parts，from a different hemisphere and it gets excited，it gets pre-emotional—and you can see the brain coming to life，” he said.
Of course，it’s easy in our smartphone generation to desert a good book and play with our phones instead.But opening up a paperback could be a simple way to help boost or maintain our mental health.It’s thought they can help you set targets and find focus.And they may allow you to see that awkward situation you’ve been anxious about for weeks from someone else’s perspective.
If you’re not a keen reader，it can be hard to know where to begin.If the Reading Agency book list doesn’t appeal，you could read book reviews，visit a library or bookshop or ask a friend.Once you’ve found the right text，you’ll be attracted! And if you still love your technology，you could always use an e-reader.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了书籍的力量，我们可以通过阅读一本书来放松自己，摆脱日常生活中的纷纷扰扰。
5．What can be learned from the first two paragraphs
A．Books are a better way to cure sickness.
B．Reading allows one to focus on daily life.
C．“Bibliotherapy” has proved effective for adults.
D．Reading Agency first realized the power of books.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段最后两句可知，已经证明“阅读疗法”对成年人有效。故选C。
6．According to Professor Philip Davis， .
A．not all literature has artistic value
B．written works have educational value
C．literature is a main source of pleasure
D．reading literature can activate the brain
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中“When reading something for pleasure...you can see the brain coming to life”可知，菲利普·戴维斯教授认为阅读文学作品可以使大脑变得活跃。故选D。
7．What is the advantage of paperbacks over smartphones
A．They are less addictive.
B．They are more accessible.
C．They benefit your mental health.
D．They rid you of awkward situations.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第一、二句可知，与智能手机相比，平装书有益于促进或保持心理健康。故选C。
8．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To state functions of various books.
B．To value medical effects of reading.
C．To advocate people do more reading.
D．To recommend books listed in Reading Agency.
答案　C
解析　写作意图题。根据第二段第一、二句和最后一段第二、三句可知，本文主要介绍了书籍的重要作用，目的是倡导人们多读书。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
Joy took Teresa’s hand in its mouth and led her to the living room.Her son，Dominic,20，lay in a chair with his eyes closed and 1 for breath.Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too 2 .
Two years ago，when Dominic met Joy，he had no idea how 3 it would become to him.Driving home，he noticed a 4 dog along the road.Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet who said the dog might not 5 the bad condition it was in.The boy left with worry.
One week later，Dominic returned to the vet，only to be 6 to see the dog come closer with all its strength and 7 him like an old friend! The boy laughed.He kept the dog，named it Joy and 8 it back to health.
Soon Joy had the chance to return the 9 .Dominic had his first allergy attack four months later.He suddenly 10 at the gate where Joy kept barking hard for attention until the mom rushed out in time.
Since then there has been a special 11 between Dominic and Joy.The dog is gentle，sensitive and 12 ，staying close to Dominic day and night.“I can be 13 ，” his mother says，“knowing that Joy is watching over Dominic.”
Her son puts it more 14 ，“Joy and I 15 each other.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个名叫多米尼克的男孩和一只名叫乔伊的狗相互拯救的感人故事。
1．A.waved B．struggled
C．hoped D．cried
答案　B
解析　wave挥手；struggle努力；hope希望；cry哭泣。根据下文中的“the boy was saved again”可推知，多米尼克闭着眼睛躺在椅子上，努力呼吸。故选B。
2．A.late B．expensive
C．quick D．difficult
答案　A
解析　late迟的；expensive昂贵的；quick快速的；difficult困难的。根据“Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again”可知，多亏了这只狗，男孩在为时已晚之前又得救了。故选A。
3．A.friendly B．lovely
C．significant D．clever
答案　C
解析　friendly友好的；lovely可爱的；significant有意义的，重要的；clever聪明的。 根据上文“ Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too .”可知，当多米尼克遇到乔伊时，他还不知道它对他来说有多么重要。故选C。
4．A.neat B．weak
C．pretty D．gentle
答案　B
解析　neat整齐的；weak虚弱的；pretty漂亮的；gentle温柔的。根据下文“Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet”可知，他注意到路边有一条看起来很虚弱的狗。故选B。
5．A.recognize B．survive
C．change D．expect
答案　B
解析　recognize识别；survive幸存，艰难度过；expect期望。根据“the bad condition it was in”以及下文的“The boy left with worry.”可知，兽医说这只狗在这种糟糕的情况下可能活不了。故选B。
6．A.amazed B．panicked
C．encouraged D．disappointed
答案　A
解析　amazed惊讶的；panicked惊慌的；encouraged受鼓励的；disappointed失望的。根据该句中的“to see the dog come closer with all its strength and him like an old friend”可知，多米尼克回到兽医那里，这只狗使出全身的力气走近他，像老朋友一样欢迎他，这让多米尼克很惊讶。故选A。
7．A.teach B．guide
C．know D．greet
答案　D
解析　guide指导；greet打招呼，欢迎。根据上文“to see the dog come closer with all its strength”可推知，狗使出全身的力气走近他，像老朋友一样欢迎他！故选D。
8．A.pushed B．repaid
C．nursed D．sent
答案　C
解析　push推；repay偿还；nurse照料；send寄。根据该句中“He kept the dog”以及“back to health”可推知，多米尼克收养了这只狗，悉心照料，让它恢复了健康。故选C。
9．A.favor B．value
C．patience D．praise
答案　A
解析　favor恩惠；value价值；patience耐心；praise赞扬。根据上文“He kept the dog，named it Joy and it back to health.”可知，多米尼克对乔伊很好，不久，乔伊有机会回报他对它的恩惠。故选A。
10．A.passed away B．stopped by
C．fell apart D．passed out
答案　D
解析　pass away去世；stop by顺便拜访；fall apart破裂，崩溃；pass out昏倒。根据上文“Dominic had his first allergy attack four months later.”可知，多米尼克过敏发作，突然昏倒，乔伊不停地叫着以引起注意。故选D。
11．A.direction B．team
C．connection D．function
答案　C
解析　direction方向；team队伍；connection联系；function功能。根据下文“The dog is gentle，sensitive and ，staying close to Dominic day and night.”可知，多米尼克和乔伊之间建立了一种特殊的联系。故选C。
12．A.protective B．comfortable
C．amusing D．polite
答案　A
解析　protective保护的；comfortable舒服的；amusing有趣的；polite礼貌的。根据“gentle，sensitive”以及“staying close to Dominic day and night”可知，这只狗温柔、敏感、有保护欲，日夜不离多米尼克的身边。故选A。
13．A.at a loss B．careless
C．hesitant D．at peace
答案　D
解析　at a loss不知所措；hesitant犹豫的；at peace平静，安心。根据下文“knowing that Joy is watching over Dominic”可知，有乔伊守护多米尼克，妈妈感觉心里平静，不必担心。故选D。
14．A.happily B．briefly
C．frequently D．certainly
答案　B
解析　briefly简单地；frequently频繁地；certainly确切地，当然。根据下文“Joy and I each other.”可知，多米尼克用一句话简单地说明了自己和乔伊的关系。故选B。
15．A.wanted B．met
C．saved D．encouraged
答案　C
解析　根据上文“Thanks to the dog，the boy was saved again before it was too .”以及“Without hesitation，he brought it to the vet”可知，乔伊和多米尼克互相拯救了对方。故选C。Section Ⅴ　Writing Workshop
Activity 1　Read for details [细节把握]
1．Why was Lang Ping named “Iron Hammer”？
A．Because she played on China’s national volleyball team during the 1980s.
B．Because she played volleyball in a strong and powerful style.
C．Because she led her team to win a series of success.
D．Because she played volleyball with an iron hammer in hand.
答案　B
2．What can we know from the second paragraph
A．China’s national volleyball team won several medals in the 1980s.
B．Lang Ping was recognised only because of the great success she achieved.
C．Lang Ping was the coach of China’s national volleyball team in the 1980s.
D．Lang Ping played on China’s national volleyball team for more than ten years.
答案　A
3．Which is the right order of what Lang Ping did according to the passage
a．Lang Ping became the coach of the women’s national team.
b．Lang Ping worked as a volleyball coach in the United States and Italy.
c．Lang Ping played on China’s national volleyball team.
d．Lang Ping was named “Touching China Personality”．
e．Lang Ping was given the Best Coach and the Sports Special Contribution awards at the CCTV Sports Personality Awards.
A．a，b，e，c，d B．b，c，a，e，d
C．c，b，a，e，d D．d，a，b，c，e
答案　C
4．What can we know about Lang Ping according to the passage
A．She is the best volleyball coach both at home and abroad.
B．She is the most popular figure in China’s volleyball history.
C．She is successful as a volleyball coach now in the United States and India.
D．She has been a volleyball star for over forty-five years and has contributed greatly to the sport.
答案　B
Activity 2　Read for structures [文章架构]
1．Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1　A．Lang Ping’s major awards and why people love her.
Para.2　B．Who is Lang Ping
Para.3　C．What is Lang Ping’s experience as an athlete
Para.4　D．What is Lang Ping’s experience as a coach
答案　Para.1 B　Para.2 C　Para.3 D　Para.4 A
2．Fill in the blanks according to the article you read on P40.
Activity 3　Read for language features [增分靓句]
写某一个人的传记要以时间为线索介绍这个人的主要事迹，因此要学会用不同的方式来表示时间。本文中表示时间的句子有：
答案　1.Lang Ping played on China’s national volleyball team during the 1980s.
2．Lang Ping was a member of the team when they achieved a series of success including gold medals at the 1984 Olympics...
3．After retiring as an athlete in 1986，she became a successful volleyball coach in the United States and Italy.
4．In 1995，she returned to become the coach of the women’s national team...
5．That year，Lang Ping was given the Best Coach and the Sports Special Contribution awards...
6．She was also named “Touching China Personality” of 2016.
本单元的写作任务是写一篇人物介绍。
在描写人物时，我们可以通过以下三个部分来写作：
1．首段常用句式
Born in...，sb is a/an...in...出生于……，某人是在……领域的一位……
He is a/an...(外貌特征) person with...他长得……
2．中段常用句式
When he was in...，he was enthusiastic about...and determined to do...
当他在……的时候，他对……充满热情，并决心要做……
He has a talent for...他擅长……
In...(时间)，he graduated with honor/won a gold medal for the first time.
在……时，他光荣毕业/第一次获得了金牌。
He applied himself to/was committed to...他投身于……
3．尾段常用句式
He made a great contribution to...and was honored as one of the most important...
他对……做出了重要贡献，被认为是最重要的……之一。
He sets a good example to...and he is respected and admired by many people.
他为……树立了好榜样并被很多人尊重和仰慕。
请以Madame Curie为题，写一篇英语短文，要点如下：
1．Madame Curie是一位世界著名的女科学家，1867年出生于波兰的一个教师家庭，卒于1934年。
2．从小爱学习并希望成为科学家，24岁赴巴黎就读于巴黎大学，学习刻苦。
3．一生致力于科学研究，于1903年和1911年分别荣获诺贝尔物理学奖和诺贝尔化学奖。
4．居里夫人将作为一位伟大的女性永远为人们所怀念。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第一步　审题谋篇
审题
写作要求是写一篇人物介绍。写作时应注意下列几点：
1．确定文体：这是一篇记叙文，写作中应注意常规格式；
2．主体时态：介绍人物经历以一般过去时为主；写评价以一般现在时为主；
3．主体人称：第三人称为主。
谋篇
第一段：介绍居里夫人的身份和生卒时间。
第二段：简单介绍居里夫人的学习经历，重点介绍她的成就。
第三段：人们对于居里夫人的评价。
第二步　遣词造句
核心词汇　(含本单元词汇)
1．世界著名的world-famous
2．出生于(……家庭)be born into
3．被……录取/就读于……be admitted to
4．致力于apply/devote/commit oneself to
5．被授予……be awarded...
6．被誉为/认可为 be honored/recognis(z)ed as
7．做出巨大贡献make great contributions to
8．奉献devotion
连词成句　(含本单元句型)
1．居里夫人是一位世界著名的科学家，她于1867年出生在波兰的一个教师家庭，1934年去世。
Madame Curie is a world-famous scientist，and she was born into a teacher’s family in Poland in 1867 and died in 1934.
2．在她还是一名学生时，她很勤奋，并决心成为一名科学家。
When she was a school girl，she was diligent and determined to become a scientist.
3．她一生致力于科学研究，并于1903年获得诺贝尔物理学奖，1911年获得诺贝尔化学奖。
She applied/devoted/committed herself to scientific research and was awarded Nobel Physics Prize in 1903 and Nobel Chemistry Prize in 1911.
4．众所周知，因为她为科学做出了巨大的贡献，她被誉为最伟大的科学家和女性之一。(what 引导名词性从句)
What was known to the world was that she has made great contributions to science，for which she was honored/recognised as one of the greatest scientists and women.
第三步　句式升级
1．用同位语把句1转化成一个简单句。
Madame Curie，a world-famous scientist，was born into a teacher’s family in Poland in 1867 and died in 1934.
2．用形容词短语作状语改写句2。
Determined to become a scientist，she was diligent when she was a school girl.
3．用现在分词短语作状语改写句3。
Having applied/devoted/committed herself to scientific research，she was awarded Nobel Physics Prize in 1903 and Nobel Chemistry Prize in 1911.
第四步　组句成篇
用适当的过渡词语，把以上词汇和句式，再加上联想内容，组成一篇英语短文。
参考范文
Madame Curie，a world-famous scientist，was born into a teacher’s family in Poland in 1867 and died in 1934.
Determined to become a scientist，she was diligent when she was a school girl.At the age of 24，she was admitted to Paris University and studied hard there.Her hard work paid off.Having applied/devoted/committed herself to scientific research，she was awarded Nobel Physics Prize in 1903 and Nobel Chemistry Prize in 1911.
What was known to the world was that she has made great contributions to science，for which she was honored/recognised as one of the greatest scientists and women.Section Ⅶ　Reading Club
Ⅰ.Read Reading Club 1 on P43 and choose the best answer.
1．Why did Huang Danian choose to return to China
A．He wanted to had a good job and life.
B．He wanted to learn deep earth exploration technology.
C．He wanted to make contributions to his own country.
D．He wanted to take up a position at Jilin University，Changchun.
答案　C
2．Which of the following can best describe Huang Danian’s devotion to his country
A．Diamond cut diamond.
B．Health is better than wealth.
C．A useful trade is a mine of gold.
D．A life burned so bright but was so short.
答案　D
3．Which of the following can best describe Huang Danian
A．Committed and patriotic.
B．Helpful and generous.
C．Knowledgeable and patient.
D．Unreliable but persistent.
答案　A
Ⅱ.Read Reading Club 2 on P44 and choose the best answer.
1．What did J．K.Rowling learn from her failures
A．Failures made her know the value of family.
B．Failures taught her to be strong-willed and more disciplined.
C．Failures freed her to enter one of the most creative periods in her life.
D．Failures taught her to be able to give good speeches.
答案　B
2．What do the people in the text have in common
A．They all found companies unsuccessfully.
B．They all got drive and encouragement from family members.
C．They all keep going when hitting setbacks.
D．They all know life should be straightforward.
答案　C
3．What does the word “grit” mean
A．Kindness. B．Gift.
C．Persistence. D．Commitment.
答案　C
recognised adj.公认的；经过检验的(recognise/recognize v．认识；辨认出；意识到；承认；认可；赏识，公认；向……致谢 recognition n．认出；承认)
recognise...as/to be...把……看作……
It is recognised that...人们公认……/……是公认的。
beyond recognition认不出来
(1)After he retired，he went back to his hometown after 20 years and the city had changed beyond all recognition(recognise)．
(2)China is becoming more influential in the world，with more countries recognising(recognise) its role in international affairs.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2021·全国乙，书面表达)最近在线学习被公认为是一种重要的学习方式。
①Online learning has been recognised as/to be an important way to study recently.
②It has been recognised that online learning is an important way to study recently.(用it作形式主语改写)
contribute v．捐献；促成(contribution n．捐献；贡献；投稿)
contribute sth to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to有助于；导致；投稿
make a contribution/contributions to对……做出贡献
(1)With determination and devotion，every one can contribute to the development of society.
(2)We should appreciate those unknown heroes who have made great contributions(contribute) to our country.
[写作佳句]
(3)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)范仲淹是宋代著名的文学家和政治家，他对社会做出了巨大的贡献，受到了人们的高度评价。
Known as a Chinese writer and politician in the Song Dynasty，Fan Zhongyan was highly appreciated，because he made great contributions to society.
advanced adj.先进的；高级的；晚期的[advance v．前进；促进；预付；提前；提出(想法、理论、计划等) n．前进；进步]
·advance on/towards sb/sth 向某人/某物前进
·in advance(＝ahead of time)预先；事先
make an advance/advances in在……方面取得进步
(1)China has made great advances in science and technology in the past decade.
[写作佳句]
(2)(应用文写作之邀请信)如果你能提前告知我你是否有空，我将不胜感激。我盼望着早日收到你的来信。
I’d appreciate it if you could let me know whether you are available or not in advance/ahead of time.I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.
强调句
...it was this experience that helped her to succeed...……是这样的经历造就了她的成功……(P44 Para.2)
结构分析：此句话为强调句。句子的主语为this experience，谓语动词为helped。此句强调了主语。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
句中的it was...that...是强调句型。其结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...
(1)强调句型通常用来强调主语、宾语或状语。
(2)如果强调的对象是人，可以用who替换that，其他情况用that。
not...until...结构的强调句型：
It is/was not until...＋that＋其他部分。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
(1)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)正是通过这段难忘的经历，我们获得了许多关于植物的知识，并对它们产生了兴趣。
It was through the unforgettable experience that we gained numerous knowledge of plants and became interested in them.
(2)在我看来，正是她母亲的鼓励帮助她建立了信心并做出了改变。
From my point of view，it was her mother’s encouragement that helped her build up the confidence and make a change.
(3)(读后续写之升华句)尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。
Although the present isn’t worth much，I value it very much.In my view，it’s the love contained in it that really counts.
(4)(读后续写之升华句)直到我经历了这件事，我才意识到一个小小的关心可以融化人们的孤独。
It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care could melt people’s loneliness.
训练9　Reading Club(A)
[分值：40.5分]
Ⅰ.单词拼写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
1．The employee complains about his low income occasionally.
2．Students haven’t got used to the teaching style of the professor.
3．The house collapsed(倒塌) suddenly and people in it got injured.
4．The carpenter told him to hit the very head of the nail with an iron hammer(锤)．
5．Don’t throw away your old clothes；maybe they will come into fashion again.
6．He took up painting when he was 5 and his dream is to become one of famous designers(设计师)．
7．Suddenly the woman leaned forwards(向前) and fainted，leading to a short chaos.
8．The chief editor had to retire(退休) from his position because of the enormous pressure.
9．I have a strong faith in the Party and believe we will live a happy life under its leadership.
10．Everything including the entrance，the exit，the dragon on the roof and even the mirrors was preserved well.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空(共7小题；每小题1.5分，满分10.5分)
1．In addition，there are several reference(refer) books for you to choose from.
2．The millionaire said that advanced(advance) technology helped him earn a large fortune.
3．There’s no doubt that it was his determination and devotion(devote) that made him a success.
4．The news of her promotion(promote) went over well with her colleagues.
5. Competitors from all over the world fought bitterly(bitter) for medals in the Olympic Games.
6．Qian Xuesen，one of the greatest scientists in China，made great contributions(contribute) to the national defence.
7．The response of the audience varied from outright rejection(reject) to warm hospitality.
Ⅲ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
Compared with Marie Curie，Wu Chien-shiung is not a household name in China，where she was born and grew up，or in the United States，where she spent most of her life.
Wu’s father received a modern education in Shanghai，and in 1913，founded the first school for girls in Taicang，aiming to break the old sexist advocacy that it was women’s virtue to have no talents，which had the most profound influence on Wu’s life.Now，the school has become Mingde Senior Middle School.
Working in the scientific world dominated by men，she never gave up or lowered her standards even if unequally treated.After graduating from the former National Central University in Nanjing，Wu，aged 24，enrolled at the University of California，Berkeley to continue her study in physics.She was the first woman to be president of American Physical Society.
To get accurate results from experiments，she worked seriously day and night at a laboratory and gained a reputation for accuracy.There was a saying among physicists：“If the experiment was done by Wu，it must be correct.” As one of the most influential nuclear physicists of the 20th century，she thoroughly changed human’s view of the universe.Her experiments overturned many previous experimental results and theories.
Wu lived a simple life，but she set up a funding program in honor of her father with her life savings，rewarding students and teachers at Mingde Senior Middle School.In 1997，Wu died aged 85 in the US.According to her will，she was buried in her hometown Taicang.Chiang Tsai-chien，the author of her biography，Madame Wu Chien-shiung: The First Lady of Physics Research，wrote the epitaph(墓志铭) that starts，“Here’s buried the most prominent female physicist Wu Chien-shiung”，and ends，“she was a distinguished world citizen，and was forever a Chinese”．
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了吴健雄女士的成长、学习经历以及做出的贡献。
1．Why did Wu’s father found the first school for girls
A．To promote Wu’s personal development.
B．To pursue gender and education equality.
C．To display his well-educated background.
D．To improve educational assessment system.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。由第二段中“Wu’s father...founded the first school...aiming to break the old sexist advocacy...”可知，她的父亲创办了第一所女子学校，旨在打破性别歧视，追求教育平等。故选B。
2．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．Wu worked as the first female physicist.
B．Attachment to native land never left her.
C．Sexist advocacy gave rise to her simple life.
D．Wu followed her father’s will to fund a program.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。由最后一段可知，她将毕生积蓄捐赠给了故乡的明德学校，并在逝世后安葬在了故乡太仓。由此可见她从未失去和故土的联系。故选B。
3．Which words best describe Wu
A．Persistent in faith.
B．Tolerant of sexism.
C．Ambitious for perfection.
D．Well-known in her motherland.
答案　A
解析　推理判断题。由第三段中“Working in the scientific world dominated by men，she never gave up or lowered her standards even if unequally treated.”和第四段中“To get accurate results from experiments，she worked seriously day and night at a laboratory and gained a reputation for accuracy.”可知，她信念坚定，努力实现自己的目标。故选A。
4．What is the best title of the text
A．A Woman Who Thrilled the World
B．A Woman，One Distinguished Funder
C．A Woman Who Gained Equal Gender Right
D．A Woman，One Influential Leader in Physics
答案　D
解析　标题归纳题。由最后一段中“Here’s buried the most prominent female physicist Wu Chien-shiung...”可知，对吴女士的评价是一位有影响力的女性物理学领袖。故选D。
B
In today’s motivational literature，failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated.Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—“Fail again.Fail better.” It seems that disappointments are an essential stepping stone to success，a turning point in our life story that will ultimately end in victory.
However，psychological researches find most of us struggle to handle failure constructively.In other words，we fail to “fail forward”．We find ways to devalue the task in which we failed，and become less motivated to persevere(坚持) and reach our goals.This phenomenon is known as the “sour-grape effect”，which was discovered by Professor Hallgeir Sjastad.
Sjastad explains that “sour-grape effect” is a self-protective mechanism(机制)．“Most of us picture ourselves as able people，so when feedback(反馈) from others suggests the opposite，it poses a serious threat to that self-image，” he says.“The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the outside signal，so we can keep a positive sense of self.We do this even without noticing.”
If you have one bad interview for your dream job，you might convince yourself that you don’t really want it at all，and stop applying for similar positions.The same goes if you fail to impress at a sports trial，or if you lose a singing contest.“We tend to explain away our shortcomings and convince ourselves our ‘Plan C’ is actually our ‘Plan A’，” Sjastad says.
It doesn’t mean we should persevere in goals all the time.It can be healthy to change if the process is no longer making us happy.But the “sour-grape effect” may lead us to come to this decision prematurely，rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve.
Failures are unavoidable.By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened，however，you may find it easier to achieve your goals.
语篇解读　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要告诉我们要正确面对失败，这样才能让我们更容易达到目标。
5．Why does the author mention the speech of inspirational speakers in paragraph 1
A．To offer an approach to handling failure.
B．To introduce a common attitude towards failure.
C．To emphasize the importance of experiencing failure.
D．To discuss the relationship between success and failure.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“In today’s motivational literature，failure is often viewed as something to be celebrated.Inspirational speakers are fond of quoting the words of the novelist Samuel Beckett—‘Fail again.Fail better.’”可知，作者想要介绍人们普遍对待失败的态度。故选B。
6．What can we learn from paragraph 3 about the “sour-grape effect”？
A．It does harm to our self-image.
B．It pictures us as perfect people.
C．It protects us from false feedback.
D．It makes us refuse negative feedback to ourselves.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The easiest way out is to deny or explain away the outside signal，so we can keep a positive sense of self.”可知，“酸葡萄效应”是一种自我保护机制，当外部反馈与自我形象不一致时，我们就会否认或为这种外部信息辩解。由此可推出，“酸葡萄效应”会使我们否认外界对于我们的负面反馈。故选D。
7．What does the underlined word “prematurely” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Hurriedly. B．Mistakenly.
C．Unhappily. D．Carelessly.
答案　A
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“rather than hanging on a little and seeing whether we might learn and improve”可知，前面应与rather than后的内容相反，表示的是我们会过早地放弃原来的目标，prematurely与A项“匆忙地”意思最接近。故选A。
8．Which statement would the author most probably agree with
A．Get ready to replace “Plan A” with “Plan C”．
B．Never forget to maintain a positive sense of self.
C．Don’t quit when goals no longer make you happy.
D．Don’t escape when our self-image gets challenged.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“By learning to face the disappointment instead of devaluing its importance and pretending nothing happened...”可知，作者建议要学会面对失败带来的失望，而不是贬低失败并假装一切都没发生过。由此可推出，作者认为当我们的自我形象受到质疑时，不要一味地逃避。故选D。
训练10　Reading Club(B)
[分值：32.5分]
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
A
We all dream of reaching a certain success someday.Because of this we are all afraid of the very same thing—failure.But we should understand that we all have to experience some sort of failure in our lives.It is part of growing up and it is part of life itself.Failure doesn’t have to always be seen as something negative.When you get to see failure in a different perspective，you will see that it has the power to help you get to your goal.
Don’t be so hard on yourself whenever you make a mistake or fail a task.Everyone makes mistakes.Whenever you face one failure，remember to accept your fault and do something to make things right.Whenever you fail something，you just have to get up and keep trying.You will get to your goal eventually.
Every mistake is a lesson you have to learn from.As the saying goes，“If you do something wrong for the first time，it is a mistake.But if it happens again，then it becomes a choice.” Your mistakes and failure make you wiser.
You should be smart enough to know and avoid the causes that lead you to them once more.No dream or goal is ever easy.With every great success，there are some failures along the way that lead to something great.Don’t give up and don’t be afraid to make mistakes.It is all part of the game of life.
Life is not a bed of roses.The journey to success will have its ups and downs and have its share of joy and suffering.You will encounter failure once in a while.But pain is part of the learning process.Failures and mistakes are experiences that will make you wiser and stronger as you climb the ladder of success.
语篇解读　这是一篇议论文。文章主要论述如何正确看待生活中的失败和错误。
1．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To encourage people to think about failure positively.
B．To emphasize the importance of self-confidence.
C．To explain some meanings of achieving success.
D．To discuss the relation between failure and success.
答案　A
解析　写作意图题。通读全文尤其根据第一段内容可推知，这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励人们积极地看待失败。故选A。
2．What can we know from paragraph 2
A．Everyone should pay for their mistakes.
B．Failure makes success more meaningful.
C．Mistakes can bring people great benefits.
D．It’s common to make mistakes in daily life.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Everyone makes mistakes.”可知，在日常生活中犯错误是很常见的。故选D。
3．What does the author think of people who make the same mistakes again
A．They are complete losers.
B．They are not good learners.
C．They should not be forgiven.
D．They need sympathy and support.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中“Every mistake is a lesson you have to learn from...If you do something wrong for the first time，it is a mistake.But if it happens again，then it becomes a choice.” 可推知，作者认为那些再次犯同样错误的人不是好的学习者。故选B。
4．What does the underlined word “encounter” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．Expect. B．Avoid.
C．Experience. D．Appreciate.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“The journey to success will have its ups and downs and have its share of joy and suffering.”以及后文“failure once in a while”可知，成功之路有起有落，有欢乐也有痛苦，所以偶尔会经历失败，故画线词意思是“经历”。故选C。
B
De Luca was 30 when she decided her current path wasn’t working.Forced to start at the bottom，a former Macy’s store manager and retail and furniture buyer，bravely and confidently took a job as an editorial assistant at Glamour.
To get the job at Glamour，De Luca put her past experience into a story.She explained，“People had a hard time believing I wanted to start from the beginning.” Then，not wanting to be “editorial assistant forever”，she got promoted twice in three years，constantly reminding herself of past successes whenever she began to doubt herself.
De Luca stressed the importance of learning，when one is starting over and working with people a lot younger than her.Another thing De Luca did along the way was stay stimulated.Boredom is unavoidable，and you can either allow it to take over or you can manage it.Every time she found herself starting to feel bored，she “made people aware”．Subsequently，she’d be given more work and greater responsibilities.
It’s this open communication that De Luca has continually found worthwhile—it’s also something she learned from her mother at an early age.“If you don’t ask，you don’t get，” De Luca’s mom would say，encouraging her daughter to always put herself in touch with others who may be of assistance in some way.“The people you know，especially the right people，can help you strategize(制定战略) and think through difficulties.”
Making a decision to change careers—regardless of how old you are isn’t easy，but it can be done.“If your mind is set on it，”for others seeking a major change，De Luca suggests，“you’ll make it happen.In many ways，just knowing you’re ready for something new means your course is already in motion.”
语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了De Luca在30岁的年纪换工作以及她自己的成功经验。
5．How does De Luca deal with self-doubt
A．By correcting her current path.
B．By asking for help from others.
C．By reviewing previous achievements.
D．By encouraging herself with promotions.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“constantly reminding herself of past successes whenever she began to doubt herself”可知，当她陷入自我怀疑时，会提醒自己想想过去的成功来获得自信。故选C。
6．What could one probably get by following De Luca’s mother’s advice
A．Making more friends.
B．Communicating more effectively.
C．Being trusted with responsibilities.
D．Getting favorable resources.
答案　D
解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The people you know，especially the right people，can help you strategize (制定战略) and think through difficulties.”可知，De Luca的妈妈一直要她和能够帮助到她的人保持联系，通过这样做，认识的人越多，所能获得的帮助就越多。故选D。
7．What may be De Luca’s advice for people who seek a career change
A．Take one’s age into consideration.
B．Get ready for different tasks.
C．Be determined once a decision is made.
D．Set your mind on doing it perfectly.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第五段中De Luca的话可知，对于寻求职业变化的人，她建议道：只要坚定决心，就能够成功。当认识到自己已经做好准备面对新事物时，过程就已经开始了，所以决心非常重要。故选C。
8．Which of the following is the best title for the text
A．It’s Never Too Late to Start Over
B．Hard Work Always Pays Off
C．If You Don’t Ask，You Don’t Get
D．Be Committed to Your Dream
答案　A
解析　标题归纳题。整篇文章讲述了De Luca在30岁的年纪换工作以及她自己的成功经验并给其他人提出了建议，她认为什么时候从头开始都不晚。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
Perseverance: The Key to Success
Perseverance is a vital quality to possess in order to achieve success in any aspect of life. 1 Perseverance involves the ability to face challenges，overcome obstacles，and push through adversity，no matter how difficult it may seem.
One perspective on perseverance is that it is the ability to maintain focus and determination in the face of frustrations. 2 The successful people are the ones who keep moving forward in the face of adversity.They understand that success often comes after repeated failure.
Another perspective on perseverance is that it involves having a growth mindset.This means that individuals who possess perseverance are open to new challenges and are not afraid to fail. 3 They understand that each failure brings them one step closer to success，and they will keep pushing forward.
4 It also involves having the discipline to do so.This means staying committed to a goal and putting in the necessary time and effort，even when it is not easy.Successful people understand that in order to achieve greatness，sacrifices must be made and hard work must be put inconsistently overtime.
In conclusion，perseverance is crucial for achieving goals.It requires persistence，focus，determination，a growth mindset，and consistent hard work despite challenges. 5
A．With perseverance，anything is possible.
B．Write down your goals to keep them in front of you at all times.
C．It is the quality that drives us to keep going even when it is tough.
D．They view failure as an opportunity to learn rather than a reason to give up.
E．One way to build perseverance is to have a vision of what you want to achieve.
F．Furthermore，perseverance is not just about having the motivation to keep going.
G．In other words，perseverance is about not giving up even when things don’t go well.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了毅力是成功的关键以及毅力包括哪些特性。
1．答案　C
解析　由空前“Perseverance is a vital quality to possess in order to achieve success in any aspect of life.”可知，空处要阐述“毅力为什么重要”。C选项承接上文，符合题意。C项中的“the quality”与空前的“a vital quality”相对应。后文进一步解释毅力的概念。故选C。
2．答案　G
解析　由空前内容可知，空处是跟“面对挫折”有关的话题。G项进一步讨论“毅力和挫折”这一话题，符合题意。故选G。
3．答案　D
解析　由空前内容可知，空处是跟“成长心态”有关的话题。D项承接上文，符合题意。D项中的“learn”与空前的“having a growth mindset”相对应。故选D。
4．答案　F
解析　由空后内容可知，空处是跟“毅力包括什么”有关的话题。F项能够引起下文，符合题意。故选F。
5．答案　A
解析　由本段开头“In conclusion，perseverance is...goals.”可知，空处要总结一下“毅力”的好处。A项总结上文，符合题意。故选A。

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