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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 4 Natural Disasters 单元质量评价卷
满分150分，考试时间120分钟
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．Where goats live.
B．What goats feed on.
C．Why goats can stop wildfires.
2．What does the man probably want to do next
A．Leave for the woman’s house.
B．Buy extra grocery items.
C．Watch a news report.
3．Where have forest fires now broken out
A．In New South Wales. B．In Victoria. C．In Tasmania.
4．What is the woman writing about in her report
A．A forest fire.
B．A terrible rainstorm.
C．Some lovely pet animals.
5．What does the man have for earthquake preparation
A．A candle. B．A radio. C．A flashlight.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下列对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．When did the earthquake happen
A．On Wednesday night. B．On Thursday morning. C．On Thursday afternoon.
7．What damage did the earthquake cause
A．Forty people lost their lives.
B．At least 110 people were injured.
C．A railway was nearly destroyed.
8．What will the man do next
A．Help the victims. B．Tell some survival skills. C．Check the highways.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
9．In which place will the tour start
A．Big Ben. B．Trafalgar Square. C．Piccadilly Circus.
10．How much should the man pay
A．$30. B．$39. C．$45.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
11．When will the new school district be open fully
A．Next year. B．Next month. C．Next week.
12．Who won’t move at all
A．The Agriculture students. B．The Law students. C．The Arts students.
13．What is the plan for the History Department
A．The staff will stay in the old building.
B．The students will move downtown.
C．The teachers will be left.
14．What do we know about the Engineering Department
A．A lab has been done.
B．Teachers’ offices are being painted.
C．Classroom space will be finished next week.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
15．What can we learn from the news
A．No villager was killed.
B．15 houses were badly damaged.
C．Over 200 people were made homeless.
16．How many people were badly injured in the storm
A．Seven. B．Nine. C．Ten.
17．What do we know about the farmer
A．His house was destroyed.
B．His wife was missing.
C．One of his children was killed.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18．Where do huge storms form every year
A．In Northern Africa. B．In the United States. C．In the Atlantic Ocean.
19．What is the reason for more severe storms
A．Dust carried by winds. B．No rainfall for long. C．Changeable wind.
20．What is the probable influence of the dust
A．It pollutes the whole country.
B．It does harm to people’s health.
C．It is a threat to the Sahara Desert.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
After a month of fires that gave off record-breaking amounts of polluting gas, smoke from Siberian wildfires is now making its way to the west coast of the United States.
The New York Times’ Somini Sengupta reports that Arctic wildfires in June 2020 caused more pollution than the data (数据) that had been collected in the previous 18 years. Seasonal wildfires are common in Siberia, but this year’s fires are unusually widespread in part because of a climate change-driven heatwave. The Arctic is experiencing climate change-driven warming faster than the rest of the earth, which sets up the dry conditions that make fires spread.
“I was surprised to see a fire burning 10 kilometers south of a bay of the Laptev Sea, which is like, the sea ice factory of the world,” said fire researcher Jessica McCarty from Miami University in Ohio. “When I went into fire science as an undergraduate student, if someone had told me I’d be studying fire regimes (管强体制) in Greenland and the Arctic, I would have laughed at them.”
This June’s Arctic fires beat the pollution record set in 2019, said Mark Parrington, who works with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service tracking worldwide wildfires. Some of the fires may have spent the winter months smoldering (闷燃) only to grow again in warmer weather. And the weather has certainly gotten warmer. In June, a Russian town above the Arctic circle called Verkhoyansk hit a high temperature of 100,4 degrees Fahrenheit.
The current situation in the Arctic circle shows that previous predictions (预测) “underestimate what is going on in reality,” earth scientist Vladmir Romanovsky sold. He added that temperature observation in the High Arctic made in the last 15 years weren’t expected for another seventy years.
Millions of acres of land are on fire this wildfire season. Most of the wildfires are located in Siberia’s Sakha Republic, which sees wildfires frequently, but fires are also spreading further north and into unusual ecosystems, like those that are characterized by permafrost (永冻土).
21．What made 2020 Arctic wildfires extremely widespread
A．The warmer climate. B．Stronger seasonal winds.
C．More fires caused by humans. D．Humans’ poorer control of them.
22．What did Jessica McCarty want to say in paragraph 3
A．She used to laugh at those who studied the Arctic.
B．She had decided to be a firefighter in Greenland.
C．She used to think fires rarely happened in the Arctic.
D．She had shown little interest in studying fire science.
23．What can we learn from paragraph 4
A．The Arctic fires may go out in winter.
B．2020 Arctic fires may be related to those in 2019.
C．The pollution record in the Arctic is broken each year.
D．2020 Arctic fires affected temperatures across Russia.
24．What can the underlined word “underestimate” in paragraph 5 be best replaced by
A．Refer to. B．Focus on. C．Judge incorrectly D．Ignore completely.
The cotton harvest is about to get underway in the Texas High Plains, the windswept region that grows most of the crop in the nation’s top cotton-producing state. But Barry Evans, a third-generation cotton grower, has already walked away from more than 2,000 acres (英亩) of his bone-dry fields. “It just didn’t come up. We hardly had anything,” said Evans.
Extreme heat and a lack of rainfall have severely damaged much of this year’s cotton harvest in the U.S., which produces about 35% of the world’s crop. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) forecast that more than 40% of what U.S. farmers planted in the spring would be abandoned because of drought. Nowhere is this more apparent than the flat, dry stretch of Texas. The USDA says Texas cotton farmers are likely to abandon nearly 70% of their spring planting. That has been the worst harvest since 2009.
The region normally receives around 18 to 20 inches of rain per year, but saw less than three inches of rain from August through the summer, as nearly all of Texas baked under drought. Much of the cotton grown in the region needs rain. Even those with irrigated (灌溉的) fields are expecting low yields (产量) this year.
The losses in cotton could cost the Texas High Plains $1.2 billion after farmers receive federal (联邦的) crop insurance payments, estimates Darren Hudson, director of the International Center for Agricultural Competitiveness at Texas Tech University. That leaves out others who depend on the crop, such as cotton gins (轧棉机) and storehouses. “Any time you have a bad year in cotton, it has a role to play in the overall economy,” Hudson said.
Fortunately, most cotton farmers in this part of Texas plan to use cotton seed varieties that can resist drought. Varieties are continuously developed and will be adjusted to generate high yields if dry conditions continue. “Even though it’s drought resistant,” Hudson added, “we still have to have a little bit of help from Mother Nature.”
25．What are the statistics in paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The impact of extreme weather on U.S. farmers.
B．The world’s cotton distribution.
C．USDA’s measures to address drought.
D．The amount of U.S. cotton harvest in 2009.
26．What does Hudson stress in paragraph 4
A．Texas is unfriendly to cotton farmers. B．Cotton is vital to the American economy.
C．Farmers depend much on Mother Nature. D．Cotton gins are unaffected by cotton losses.
27．What will cotton farmers most likely do next
A．Build effective irrigation systems. B．Apply for federal crop insurance.
C．Switch to growing a different crop. D．Use further improved cotton seeds.
28．What can be the best title for the text
A．Drought pushes cotton prices to a new high. B．The world’s cotton supply keeps falling.
C．Texas cotton takes a hit during drought. D．Drought impacts the quality of cotton.
On November 8th, a tornado, the most powerful in the past 70 years, hit Jersey, causing great damages to the area and leaving the residents in great panic.
“Suddenly, the windows of the waiting room exploded in and dragged everything inside. My cars have been completely destroyed by branches and fences, and my garden is completely gone. There’s no furniture, no fence; everything has been thrown everywhere. At first there was lightning but then a strange noise and strange darkness came over the whole house. It was like being in a scary scene in the movie The Wizard of Oz,” Ashleigh Quail-Charleston, a Jersey resident, told the Bailiwick Express after the tornado that struck overnight on November 1—2 during Storm Ciaran.
The consequence looked like a bomb had gone off: cars hit, roofs with holes, windows broken. “A huge tree leans drunkenly against a block of flats. Piles of branches are piled optionally and pavements are covered with pieces,” said Chris Stone at BBC Radio Jersey. The tornado was powerful and exceptionally rare, caused by a severe thunderstorm that had sent out intense lightning and huge hailstones described as “ice bombs”. The Tornado and Storm Research Organization (Torro) and Jersey Met Office revealed the tornado left a trail of damages 8 km long across the island, and rated its intensity as T6 on an international scale of tornado power.
According to Torro records, this was the most powerful tornado to strike anywhere in the British Isles or Channel Islands since December 7th, 1954 when a tornado struck west London, leaving tremendous devastation, with Gunnersbury railway station torn apart, roofs torn off houses and one car even thrown through the air.
Tornados during Storm Ciaran also hit Sompting in West Sussex and Loders in Dorset. One resident in Loders, Sophie van Hensbergen, described the moment, saying, “The tornado struck with a very, very powerful whistling sound and the windows looked as though we were in a car wash.”
29．Why is The Wizard of Oz mentioned in paragraph 2
A．To summarize the consequence. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To enrich the readers’ knowledge. D．To help describe the tornado.
30．What does paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How tornado was rated.
B．What caused the tornado.
C．How severe the tornado was.
D．What should be done to prevent the tornado.
31．What does the underlined word “devastation” mean in paragraph 4
A．Marks. B．Damages. C．Memory. D．Impression.
32．What is this text
A．A news item. B．A science report.
C．A movie reviewer. D．A weather forcast.
As for long-distance travel, there are some wonderful destinations that actually offer you great value for your money, especially for those who do not hope to empty their pockets after a holiday.
Tokyo, Japan
Food lovers should go to this busy city which has the lowest cost of eating out — you can even buy two evening meals (three dishes for each), with a bottle of wine, for just under ￡34. For sightseeing there are plenty of free museums and attractions, while tour bus ticket prices start from as little as ￡11.56.
Bangkok, Thailand
Thailand’s capital is second to none as the best value long-distance city. Although there isn’t a big difference in all prices compared to the other cities, it is accommodation that really makes it stand out. If you’re only stopping for a long weekend, then be sure to pay a visit to the breathtaking temples.
Beijing, China
The Chinese capital stands out with the total price of ￡337.49. If you only have one cultural day out during your stay, make it a trip to the Forbidden City. There are some beautiful buildings from the Ming and Qing dynasties. At the same time they’re home to priceless artificial objects from ancient Chinese emperors’ families.
Dubai, UAE
Although Dubai does have a reputation for being quite the splurge (挥霍) when it comes to holidays and if you’re going to enjoy shopping or experience the roller-coasters, it is in fact quite worth the money. The city also offers some cheaper prices across its museums, galleries and attractions as well as airport transfers.
33．What can you enjoy in Tokyo, Japan
A．Free bus rides.
B．Eating out cheap.
C．Visiting galleries free.
D．Priceless man-made objects.
34．Which one tops the list of the best value long-distance cities
A．Tokyo. B．Bangkok.
C．Beijing. D．Dubai.
35．What is people’s common idea about Dubai
A．Dubai is not a good place for shopping.
B．Historical buildings spread everywhere in Dubai.
C．Being on vacation in Dubai costs tons of money.
D．The roller-coasters there are the best in the world.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The fires in many parts of Brazil’s Amazon area have brought an international outcry to save the world’s largest rainforest. 36 Actor Leonardo DiCaprio also offered $5 million for efforts to save the forest.
The World Wildlife Foundation (WWF) says the world’s largest rainforest contains millions of species of plants and animals. 37 Among the best-known animals are jaguars, eagles, pink river dolphins, parrots, large snakes and many butterflies.
The WWF says the forests contain over 40,000 kinds of plants and the 6,500 kilometers of rivers contain 3,000 kinds of freshwater fish. More than 30 million people live in the Amazon area and depend on the forests for food and shelter.
The rainforest is often called the “lungs of the planet”. 38 Carlos Nobre is a University of Sao Paulo climate scientist. He said a better way to think about the Amazon’s role is as a sink, taking CO2 from the atmosphere.
Currently, the world is releasing around 36 billion metric tons of CO2 into the atmosphere every year. And the Amazon absorbs about five percent of the CO2 making it important in preventing climate change.
39 They are mostly set illegally by people who are clearing the forest to raise cattle and crops.
People clear the land by cutting down the trees during the rainy season. 40 Fully clearing the thick forest for agricultural use can take several years of cutting and burning.
A．Many of them are still unknown.
B．The fire led to international concern.
C．The current fires in the Amazon are not wildfires.
D．The Amazon rainforest is important to rainfall in the area.
E．Then they let the trees dry out and burn them during the dry season.
F．But that might not be the best way to describe the area’s importance.
G．Wealthy nations have offered Brazil at least $22 million to fight the fires.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On December 26, 2004, a 10-minute-long earthquake with a 9.3 magnitude took place in the Indian Ocean. This earthquake, which is the third 41 ever recorded in history, caused powerful tsunamis (海啸) that reached many countries’ 42 . About 230,000 people were 43 by the disaster. Hundreds of thousands of others were injured 44 disappeared. One of them is a little 45 named Wati.
The tsunami 46 her hometown of Aceh when she was only 3 years old. Like so many others, the huge waves separated her from her family, and she was 47 to an unknown town. After days of 48 , her family eventually gave up and thought she had 49 .
However, Wati had been 50 by a stranger who found her on the street after the tsunami. The stranger had tried to find her family, but Wati could not 51 the names of her parents and only knew that she had a grandfather named Ibraham.
52 later, a taxi driver who heard Wati’s story happened to know an old man with that name in a nearby town and decided to take her to him. Although the old man did not 53 her at first, he took Wati to see his 54 .
“When I saw my mother, I knew it was her,” said the 15-year-old Wati. “I just knew.”
The parents recognized their daughter 55 because of the birthmark on the body.
41．A．weakest B．strongest C．quickest D．deepest
42．A．castles B．parks C．goals D．shores
43．A．frightened B．saved C．killed D．helped
44．A．or B．and C．but D．so
45．A．boy B．pet C．girl D．town
46．A．hit B．cut C．pushed D．missed
47．A．sold B．washed(冲走) C．invited D．asked
48．A．wait B．walk C．fight D．search
49．A．died B．won C．run away D．checked in
50．A．hidden B．rescued C．bought D．refused
51．A．write B．show C．remember D．see
52．A．Days B．Weeks C．Months D．Years
53．A．know B．recognize C．want D．understand
54．A．daughter B．mother C．son D．father
55．A．anxiously B．calmly C．officially D．immediately
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s strange, but I don’t really remember much about the hurricane itself. It all happened so quickly. I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just f 56 off. All of a sudden, there was sky 57 the roof had been. I was so frightened that I just froze.
At first, I was pleased we could stay at home, but soon it got really tough. 58 a roof, staying inside was too dangerous. There was water everywhere, but we couldn’t drink any of it otherwise we’d get really sick. It was August, so it was really, really hot and it smelled so bad everywhere! I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and 1 59 out for Smartie. He had disappeared 60 moment the storm hit.
Living in the open air, we became breakfast, lunch and dinner for the m 61 . But Mom said that whatever happens, we should always try to see the good side of things. It was difficult to stay p 62 , though. We had lost our home and everything in it, including Smartie. All we had left were the clothes on our backs. But as Mom kept on reminding us, we were all together and safe. Mom’s words made us feel better. I remember us all lying under the midnight sky and looking up at the stars.
Although it was only a few days before we were r 63 , it felt like months. We were taken to another town in a faraway county. T 64 , Smartie came home just in time. We were so happy to take him with us, although then, none of us knew that we wouldn’t be back for quite a while.
Now, one year has passed and I’m back home in New Orleans. Some families have yet to return, but many others have come back. Although we are surrounded by r 65 of the disaster, we are working together to rebuild our homes and our lives. Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans, their beauty inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66．将下面五个句子按括号内要求进行翻译并连成一篇微作文。
1. 十世纪最致命的地震之一袭击了唐山，给这座城市带来了巨大的破坏。(damage，v-ing表结果)
2. 在地震中去世或受重伤的人数超过了30万。(the number of，who引导定语从句)
3. 幸存者们目光所及，只有砖块和尘土。(everywhere引导状语从句)
4. 在政府强大支持和市民不懈努力下，城市开始自我复苏。(with，revive)
5. 这个故事证明在灾难来临之时，人们必须团结并且重建更光明的未来。(prove，in times of)
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第二节(满分25分)
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Mary and her parents were downstairs in the living room. Mary was looking through the windows at the endless rain outside. It had been raining non-stop for three days. She had never seen a storm this bad. It was making her nervous. The wind roared and the rain beat on the roof and windows. Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio, while Mum was putting their important documents and disaster supplies into a bag.
“Mum, Dad,” said Mary suddenly, “I think we should leave here right away!” “No,” said Dad. “It’s too late! The radio says the city has already been flooded.” “We can drive our car through the floodwater! Let’s just leave! I’m really scared!” cried Mary.
“We can’t do that, honey,” explained Mum, “otherwise the moving water could wash the car away!”
Mary walked to the door. She was curious to see how much water there was outside. “Don’t open the door!” shouted Mum and Dad at the same time. “The water may flood in!”
Dad moved the dinner table against the door, in case the floodwater forced the door open. Mum waved to Mary to sit on the sofa. “Mary, don’t worry. Everything’s going to be OK,” she said softly, trying her best to comfort Mary. Her voice was calm, but Mary could tell she was worried too.
Without saying a single word, Dad walked to the sofa, sat down and hugged his wife and daughter. The sudden silence in the house seemed to make the wind and rain more frightening outside. What could they do
All of a sudden, the dinner table moved and the door was forced open. Water poured in. Mary burst out crying. “Upstairs!” Dad ordered. They rushed to the second floor, only to find the whole neighborhood had been surrounded by water.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Just then they heard a helicopter (直升机) flying in the distance.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Three days later, they returned home and found their house in a mess.
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参考答案：
1．C
2．B
3．C
4．A
5．C
6．A 7．B 8．B
9．C 10．B
11．B 12．A 13．C 14．A
15．C 16．B 17．A
18．A 19．B 20．B
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．C
25．A 26．B 27．D 28．C
29．D 30．C 31．B 32．A
33．B 34．B 35．C
36．G 37．A 38．F 39．C 40．E
41．B 42．D 43．C 44．A 45．C 46．A 47．B 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．D 53．B 54．A 55．D
56．flew 57．where 58．Without 59．looking 60．the 61．mosquitoes/mosquitos 62．positive 63．rescued 64．Thankfully 65．reminders
66．One of the most deadly earthquakes of the 20th century hit Tangshan, causing tremendous damage to the city. As a consequence, the number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 300,000. Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but bricks and dust. With strong support from the government and tireless efforts from the city’s people, Tangshan started to revive itself and got back up on its feet. This story proves that in times of disaster, people must unify together and rebuild a brighter future.
67．One possible version:
Just then they heard a helicopter (直升机) flying in the distance. Its roar gradually grew louder, bringing a ray of hope in the midst of the chaos. Dad took out a flashlight from the disaster supplies bag, dashed to the window and shone a beam of light through the rain. Soon, the helicopter spotted them and hovered nearby, lowering down a rope ladder. Grasping the ladder firmly, Dad helped his wife and daughter climb up first. As they all were lifted into the air, they breathed a sigh of relief.
Three days later, they returned home and found their house in a mess. Muddy water had stained every inch of the once-clean space and the smell of dampness filled the whole house. A wave of sadness washed over them, but they quickly recovered themselves and set out to clean up the mess. Dad handled the mud-covered floors while Mum and Mary sorted through the damaged belongings. They were convinced that as long as they were alive and together, their home would return to its former state and everything was going to be OK.
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