资源简介 课程 英语基础模块下册 Unit 5 Honesty 建议学时 4-5学时,阅读、听说、语法、写作各1学时,可适当调整教学 目标 知识目标 1.通过课文“谁之过”学习,熟记本单元重点词汇、短语和句型 2. 学习并理解直接引语和间接引语的含义及用法 3. 学习如何写一封电子邮件技能目标 1. 能听懂叙述事情经过时的常用表达方式,收集正确信息 2. 能运用“说明原因”常用语句进行交际 3. 能较为流畅地朗读课文,并尝试复述课文的主要情节 4. 能运用所学语句及句型写电子邮件情感目标 1. 通过本课学习,提高学生对“诚信”重要性的认识,辨明是非,学会正确处理问题的方法,形成正确的情感价值观 培养学生自主学习意识,小组合作意识教学 重点 1. 掌握课文内重点词汇、短语和句型,完成相关基础练习 2. 听短文和对话,指导学生用英语提出建议和忠告 3. 学习直接引语和间接引语的实际应用 4. 训练学生用本单元学到的知识写电子邮件教学 难点 1. 听懂“说明原因”’的对话,训练学生的听记能力和单词拼写能力 2. 训练学生能用英语“说明原因”,提高学生的语言表达能力教法 与学法 自主学习法 2. 小组合作学习法 3. 情景教学法 4. 任务教学法教学 手段 多媒体、录音机、图片等教学 过程 教学内容(第三学时 语法) 教学设计语法 结构 直接引语和间接引语 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语,直接引语一般前后要加号。用自己的话说转述别人的话,叫间接引语。间接引语不用引号,在多数情况下构成宾语从句。例如: Mr. Black said, “I like playing football”. (直接引语) 布莱克先生说:“我喜欢踢足球。” Mr. Black said that he liked playing football.(间接引语) 布莱克先生说他喜欢踢足球。 直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要根据具体语境作相应变化。在这一方面,汉语和英语有许多相似之外,因此,在做直接引语和间接引语转换练习时,要特别注意句子的意义。 (1)人称的变化 He said, “I want to see you.”他说:“我要见你。” →He said that he wanted to see me.他说他要见我。 (2)时态的变化 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。(如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态无需变化。) 一般现在时→一般过去时 He said, “I can’t do it myself.”他说:“我自己不能做。” →He said that he couldn’t do it himself.他说他自己不能做。 现在进行时→过去进行时 He said, “I’m reading the book.”他说:“我正在读这本书。” →He said that he was reading the book.他说他正在读那本书。 现在完成时→过去完成时 She said, “I have not heard from him since May.” 她说:“从五月份起就没有接到他的任何消息。” →She said that she had not heard from him since May. 她说自五月份起就没有接到过他的任何消息。 一般过去时→过去完成时 He said, “I came to help you.”他说:“我曾到这里来帮过你的。” →He said that he had come to help me.他说他曾经来帮过我。 过去完成时不变 He said, “I had finished my homework before supper.” 他说:“晚饭前我就把作业完成了。” →He said that he had finished his homework before supper. 他说他晚饭前就已经把作业完成了。 一般将来时→过去将来时 Zhou Lan said, “I’ll do it after class.”周兰说:“我将在课后来做。” →Zhou Lan said that she would do it after class.周兰说她将在课后做。 (3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 this→that; these→those; now→then; today→that day; yesterday→the day before; tomorrow→the next (following) day; here→there; come→go; this week(month, year)→that week(month, year); next week(month, year)→the next week(month, year); three days(weeks, months, years, hours,…)ago →three days(weeks, months, years, hours…)before; last week(month, year)→the week(month, year)before等等 注意: 直接引语如果是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态不变。如: He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.” 他说:“光的运行比声音快得多。” →He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光的运行比声音快得多。 如果在当地转述,here不必改为there,动词come不必改为go。如果在当时、当天、当月、当年等语境中转述,today,yesterday,tomorrow,next week,last year…等时间状语也不必改变。 2.直接引语如果是祈使句,变为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell,ask,order等动词,如果祈使句为否定式,在不定式的前面加not。例如: She said to us, “Please sit down.”她对他们说:“请坐。” →She told us to sit down.她请我们坐下。 3.直接引语如果是疑问句,变为间接引语时,须将疑问句的语序改为陈述句的语序,句末用句号。其人称、时态等相应的变化与转述陈述句的间接引语相同。 (1)一般疑问句 直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,要构成以连词whether或if引导的宾语从句,句末用句号。主句中的谓语动词是said时,要改为asked。没有间接宾语时,有时可以加一个间接宾语。如: He said, “Are you interests in English ” 他说:“你喜欢英语吗?” →He asked me if/ whether I was interested in English.他问我是否喜欢英语。 (2)特殊疑问句 直接引语如有特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,构成用原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句,并须将疑问句结构改为陈述句结构,句末用句号。如: “What do you want ” he asked me. “你要什么?”他问道。 →He asked me what I wanted.他问我想要什么。巩固 练习 Exercises: 1. “You’ve already got well, haven’t you?” she asked. →She asked ________. A. if I have already got well, hadn’t you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well. 2. He asked, “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” →He asked me _________. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member. 3. He asked, “How are you getting along?” →He asked _______. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along 4. He asked me ________ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the matter was C. what’s the matter D. what was the matter 5. He said, “Don’t do that again.” →He _____ me _______ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; don’t do C. told me; don’t do D. told me; not to do 答案:1-5 BCCDD 学以致用,并有针对性地进行训练巩固。归纳 总结 1. 直接引语间接引语的记忆口诀人称变更怎么办? “一主①、二宾②、三不变”③若是自引自的话, 听者不变称不变。注:①“一主”指在直接引语中的第一人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的主语在人称上保持一致。如:He sad,“I am forty,”→He said that he was forty.②“二宾”指直接引语中的第二人称变为间接引语时,要和主句中的间接宾语保持人称一致。如:He said,“Are you coming tomorrow?”→He asked me if I was coming the next day.③“三不变”指直接引语中的第三人称变为间接引语时,人称不变。如:He said,“Is she an English teacher?”→He asked if she was an English teacher.另外注意直接引语为复数,引述者主语为单数,间接引语主语相应变复数。如:He said,“Are you interested in English?”→He asked me/us if I was/we were interested in English 2. 思维导图: 反馈学生的学习效果,教师给予积极地肯定。布置 作业 教材P45: II. 把直接引语句子变成间接引语 练习册40: 3、4教学 反思 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览