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牛津上海版英语九年级第一学期单元笔记
Unit 1
一、单元单词解析
1. stair c.n.
【拓展】go upstairs 上楼 go downstairs 下楼
2. plain n. 平原 adj. 朴素的
3. capture = seize 捉住
【辨析】capture 后面常用地点，解释为攻占某个地方；seize后面常用人，解释为抓住某人
4. wheel c.n.
【拓展】wheelchair 轮椅 on wheels 在滚轮上
5. drag 吃力地拖、拉
【词组】drag into
【辨析】pull和drag ：drag更加用力
6. fit 健康的
【常用搭配】 keep fit =keep healthy
7. refuse 拒绝
【常用搭配】refuse to do sth. 【反义词】accept
二、重点单词词性变形
1. Troy 特洛伊 Trojan 特洛伊人
【拓展】地点和人之间的转化中考考的频率很高，接下去举例些常考转换：
China-Chinese 中国 Japan-Japanese 日本 Germany-German 德国 Greece-Greek 希腊
America- American 美国 Italy-Italian 意大利 France-French-Frenchman 法国
Britain- British-Briton 英国
2. city 城市 citizen+s 市民
3. enemy 敌人 enemies 常考改为复数形式
4. secure adj. 安全的，稳固的 securely adv. 牢牢地 security n. 安全
【举例】be locked securely 被牢牢地锁住
5. include v. 包含 including
【举例】I eat a lot of food including hamburgers, fried rice and some meat.
6. army 军队 armies 军队的复数形式
【拓展】军队里的士兵单词为soldier；参军为join the army
7. dark adj. darkness n.
【拓展】in the darkness在黑暗中；dark blue 深蓝
8. independent adj. 独立的 depend v. 依靠
【拓展】depend on依靠=rely on
9. succeed v. successful adj. successfully adv. success n. 成功
【拓展】succeed in doing=be successful in doing = manage to do 成功做某事
manage v. 管理 manager n. 经理 management n. 管理
三、重点词组
1. at a time 一次
【举例】take two pills at a time 每次吃两片药
2. no longer = not any longer 不再
【举例】My father no longer smoked.=My father didn’t smoke any longer.
我的爸爸不再抽烟了。
3. make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑
【拓展】这个词组等同于 tell jokes about sb. = play a trick on sb
4. at midnight 在午夜
【拓展】at这个介词加在时间前面用的频率很高，比如说：at night，at +时刻，at+节日
5. go to sleep 入睡
【拓展】等同于fall asleep，但是另外一个词组feel sleepy解释为感到昏昏欲睡的。
6. except 除了（同类）
【拓展】except for 除了（不同类）/ except that / besides 除...还有，这些都是选择题中容易出现的混淆选项，一定要弄清楚。
【举例】
①当表示除了的东西是同类的时候，要用except，e.g. All the students went to the park except Peter. 这里的学生和Peter是同类，都是人，所以用except。
② 当表示除了的东西是不是同类的时候，要用except for，e.g. I like the dress except for its color. 我喜欢这条裙子除了它的颜色，颜色和裙子不是同类，所以用except for。
③ except that后面要加句子
④besides 解释为除了...还有，e.g. Besides Chinese, maths and English, we will learn Physics in Grade Eight. 除了语文，数学和英语之外，我们八年级还要学物理。
7. come on 得了吧
【拓展】 come down / come across/ come back
8. sail away 划走了
【拓展】sail v. 划行 go sailing 划船 类似的表达还有：go shopping, go fishing, go skating
9. make sure 保证
【拓展】 同义词：ensure
四、重点结构和语法
1. 三种表达考在句型转换中：
so +adj./adv. + that + 句子 太....去做
too + adj./adv. (for sb.) to do 太....以至于不能做...
adj./ adv. +enough (for sb.) to do 足够...去做
so +adj./adv. + that + 句子
肯定
adj./ adv. +enough (for sb.) to do
so +adj./adv. + that + 否定句子
否定 too + adj./adv. (for sb.) to do
not adj./ adv. +enough (for sb.) to do
【举例】Peter年龄太小了不能开车。
=① Peter is too young to drive a car.
=② Peter is so young that he can’t drive a car.
=③ Peter is not old enough to drive a car.
2. 现在完成时
结构：have/has +动词的过去分词
时间标志性词：already, yet , just, never, in the past ...years, recently, so far...
for +时间段， since+ 时间点，用How long来提问
常考的瞬间动词和持续性动词的转换：
leave-- be away (from)
come/go (to) -- be (in/at)
get (to)-- be (in/at)
reach-- be (in/at)
buy-- have
borrow-- Keep
join-- be in / be a member of
start/begin-- be on
die-- be dead
close-- be closed
return--be back
become-be
【练习】
1. I _________ already _________ (have) a letter from John.
2. He ________ just _________ (move) here, so he doesn’t know anyone.
3. A: _________ you _________ (send) your photo to your mother
B: No, not yet.
4. My grandma _________ (live) in Shanghai for sixty years.
5. A: How long _________ he _________ (look after) the sick cat
B: For a week.
6. A: Where is your mother I can’t find her anywhere.
B: She _________ (go) to the supermarket to buy some sugar.
7. George _________ (go) to Hong Kong. He is not here.
8. Henry _________ (be) to Hong Kong. He has taken a lot of photos there.
9. My uncle _________ (not be) to Beijing before.
10. He has already had breakfast. (改为一般疑问句)
_________ he _________ breakfast _________
11. Your uncle has sent us a photograph. (改为否定句)
Your uncle _________ _________ us a photograph.
12. He has lived in the USA for about two months. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ has he lived in the USA.
13. I kept dogs in 2009. (保持原句意思不变)
I _________ _________ dogs since _________ .
I _________ _________ dogs since _________ _________ _________.
I _________ _________ dogs for _________ _________.
14. 我已经参观过天安门广场了。(中译英)
______________________________________________________
15. 你去过世纪公园几次了？(中译英)
______________________________________________________

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