资源简介

(共23张PPT)
Period Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
——句子成分与基本句型结构
WELCOME UNIT
图解 语法脉络
感知 语法规律
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1
2
4
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精讲 语法知识
3
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跟踪 落实检查
1
图解 语法脉络
2
感知 语法规律
感知以下句子，并写出其对应的句型结构。
1.I’m a little anxious right now.
2.I want to make a good first impression.
3.He even told us a funny story.
4.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
5.There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
6.What happened in the chemistry class
7.I just had my first maths class at senior high school!
8.Tim’s dream has come true!
[自主发现]
主语＋谓语(SV)
主语＋系动词＋表语(SP)
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA)
主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA)
存现句(There be...)
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC)
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S V IO DO)
主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO)
8
1
7
6
5
4
3
2
3
精讲 语法知识
一、句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。常见句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。
二、基本句型结构
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有八种，其他各种句式都是由这八种基本句式演变而来。八种基本句式如下：
1.主语＋谓语(S＋V)
这种简单句的谓语部分是不及物动词,意义很完整。这种句子没有被动语态。
The exchange students are registering.
这些交换生正在登记。
We all breathe，drink and eat.
我们都要呼吸、喝水和吃饭。
2.主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O)
这种简单句的谓语部分是及物动词，有些不及物动词后加上介词也可看成一个及物动词。
The students are doing an experiment.
学生们正在做一个实验。
She usually puts off carrying out her promise.
她经常拖延履行她的诺言。
You must listen to me.
你必须听我的。
3.主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)
这种简单句表示主语的性质、状态、身份等。
He became a teacher of English.
他成了一名英语教师。
My brothers are all college students.
我的弟弟们都是大学生。
She looked a little annoyed.
她看上去有点生气。
[温馨提示]　英语中常见的系动词有：be动词、感官类动词(look，smell，taste，feel，sound等)、表变化类动词(get，become，turn，go，grow，come等)、表保持类动词(keep，stay，remain等)，可充当表语的形式有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、过去/现在分词和从句等。
4.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 (直接宾语和间接宾语叫作双宾语)(S＋V＋IO＋DO)
My sister told me a long story.
＝My sister told a long story to me.
我姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。
The professor gave us an exciting lecture.
＝The professor gave an exciting lecture to us.
教授给我们做了一场激动人心的讲座。
[温馨提示]　双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向(对谁做)或动作的目标(为谁做)，间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后，但它不能单独存在，它和直接宾语组成双宾语。双宾语的常见结构：
(1)bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sb sth
＝bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sth to sb
(2)buy/make sb sth＝buy/make sth for sb
5.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补(宾语和宾补统称为复合宾语)(S＋V＋O＋C)
We all call the baby Sara.
我们都叫这个婴儿萨拉。
I found his design very impressive.
我发现他的设计让人印象很深刻。
I found myself in a strange place.
我发现自己在一个陌生的地方。
The guide showed all the visitors in.
导游把所有的游客都带了进来。
[温馨提示]　宾补用来补充说明宾语的身份、地位或所处的状态。可作宾补的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。平时常见常考的宾补结构有：
(1)ask，want，like，allow，advise，teach，persuade 等＋宾语＋to do 作宾补；
(2)感官动词：see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear等＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补；
(3)使役动词：let＋宾语＋省略to的不定式作宾补；
make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/过去分词作宾补；
have＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补。
注意：上述加省略to的不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的to要加上。
She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.
她让我们等她的答复等了一个多星期。
I often hear her sing a German song in her lovely voice.
＝She is often heard by me to sing a German song in her lovely voice.
我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱一首德语歌曲。
I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon.
今天下午我将把所有的衣服都洗完。
6.主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋A)
My parents live in Beijing.
我的父母住在北京。
They are playing happily over there.
他们正在那边玩得很开心。
Seeing the cat，the mouse ran off.
见到猫，老鼠就跑了。
7.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋A)
He reached the station finally，only to be told the train had left.
他最后到了车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。
Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the lab.
后面跟着一群学生，老师走进了实验室。
Although he was so tired，he still helped his father pick apples on the farm.
虽然他很累，但是依然在农场帮助爸爸摘苹果。
[温馨提示]　状语用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，分为时间、地点、方式、比较、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步状语。介词短语、副词(短语)、不定式、现在分词、过去分词和从句都可充当状语；状语通常位于句末，也可位于句首和句中。
8.There be...句型
There aren’t many books on the shelf.
书架上没有多少书。
There is a chair，two desks，and a bed in the room.
房间里有一把椅子、两张桌子和一张床。
[温馨提示]　在there be句型中，be动词的单复数与最靠近的名词的单复数保持一致，即遵循就近原则。
跟踪 落实检查
4
写出下列句子所属的基本句型结构
1.This kind of food tastes terrible.____________
2.He studies hard.____________
3.There are several books on the desks.____________
4.He made me very angry.____________
5.I visited many places of interest with my family last week.____________
6.Tom will bring me several English books tomorrow.____________
SP
SVA
There be...
SVOC
SVOA
S V IO DOPeriod Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures——句子成分与基本句型结构
感知以下句子，并写出其对应的句型结构。
1.I’m a little anxious right now.
2.I want to make a good first impression.
3.He even told us a funny story.
4.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
5.There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
6.What happened in the chemistry class
7.I just had my first maths class at senior high school!
8.Tim’s dream has come true!
[自主发现]
主语＋谓语(SV) ____
主语＋系动词＋表语(SP) ____
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) ____
主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) ____
存现句(There be...) ____
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC) ____
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S V IO DO) ____
主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO) ____
一、句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。常见句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。
二、基本句型结构
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有八种，其他各种句式都是由这八种基本句式演变而来。八种基本句式如下：
1.主语＋谓语(S＋V)
这种简单句的谓语部分是不及物动词，意义很完整。这种句子没有被动语态。
The exchange students are registering.
这些交换生正在登记。
We all breathe，drink and eat.
我们都要呼吸、喝水和吃饭。
2.主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O)
这种简单句的谓语部分是及物动词，有些不及物动词后加上介词也可看成一个及物动词。
The students are doing an experiment.
学生们正在做一个实验。
She usually puts off carrying out her promise.
她经常拖延履行她的诺言。
You must listen to me.你必须听我的。
3.主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)
这种简单句表示主语的性质、状态、身份等。
He became a teacher of English.
他成了一名英语教师。
My brothers are all college students.
我的弟弟们都是大学生。
She looked a little annoyed.
她看上去有点生气。
[温馨提示]　英语中常见的系动词有：be动词、感官类动词(look，smell，taste，feel，sound等)、表变化类动词(get，become，turn，go，grow，come等)、表保持类动词(keep，stay，remain等)，可充当表语的形式有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、过去/现在分词和从句等。
4.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 (直接宾语和间接宾语叫作双宾语)(S＋V＋IO＋DO)
My sister told me a long story.
＝My sister told a long story to me.
我姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。
The professor gave us an exciting lecture.
＝The professor gave an exciting lecture to us.
教授给我们做了一场激动人心的讲座。
[温馨提示]　双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向(对谁做)或动作的目标(为谁做)，间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后，但它不能单独存在，它和直接宾语组成双宾语。双宾语的常见结构：
(1)bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sb sth
＝bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sth to sb
(2)buy/make sb sth＝buy/make sth for sb
5.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补(宾语和宾补统称为复合宾语)(S＋V＋O＋C)
We all call the baby Sara.
我们都叫这个婴儿萨拉。
I found his design very impressive.
我发现他的设计让人印象很深刻。
I found myself in a strange place.
我发现自己在一个陌生的地方。
The guide showed all the visitors in.
导游把所有的游客都带了进来。
[温馨提示]　宾补用来补充说明宾语的身份、地位或所处的状态。可作宾补的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。平时常见常考的宾补结构有：
(1)ask，want，like，allow，advise，teach，persuade 等＋宾语＋to do 作宾补；
(2)感官动词：see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear等＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补；
(3)使役动词：let＋宾语＋省略to的不定式作宾补；
make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/过去分词作宾补；
have＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补。
注意：上述加省略to的不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的to要加上。
She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.
她让我们等她的答复等了一个多星期。
I often hear her sing a German song in her lovely voice.
＝She is often heard by me to sing a German song in her lovely voice.
我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱一首德语歌曲。
I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon.
今天下午我将把所有的衣服都洗完。
6.主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋A)
My parents live in Beijing.
我的父母住在北京。
They are playing happily over there.
他们正在那边玩得很开心。
Seeing the cat，the mouse ran off.
见到猫，老鼠就跑了。
7.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋A)
He reached the station finally，only to be told the train had left.
他最后到了车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。
Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the lab.
后面跟着一群学生，老师走进了实验室。
Although he was so tired，he still helped his father pick apples on the farm.
虽然他很累，但是依然在农场帮助爸爸摘苹果。
[温馨提示]　状语用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，分为时间、地点、方式、比较、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步状语。介词短语、副词(短语)、不定式、现在分词、过去分词和从句都可充当状语；状语通常位于句末，也可位于句首和句中。
8.There be...句型
There aren’t many books on the shelf.
书架上没有多少书。
There is a chair，two desks，and a bed in the room.
房间里有一把椅子、两张桌子和一张床。
[温馨提示]　在there be句型中，be动词的单复数与最靠近的名词的单复数保持一致，即遵循就近原则。
写出下列句子所属的基本句型结构
1.This kind of food tastes terrible.____________
2.He studies hard.____________
3.There are several books on the desks.____________
4.He made me very angry.____________
5.I visited many places of interest with my family last week.____________
6.Tom will bring me several English books tomorrow.____________Period Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures——句子成分与基本句型结构
感知以下句子，并写出其对应的句型结构。
1.I’m a little anxious right now.
2.I want to make a good first impression.
3.He even told us a funny story.
4.I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.
5.There’s a lot to explore at senior high.
6.What happened in the chemistry class
7.I just had my first maths class at senior high school!
8.Tim’s dream has come true!
[自主发现]
主语＋谓语(SV) 8
主语＋系动词＋表语(SP) 1
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(SVOA) 7
主语＋谓语＋状语(SVA) 6
存现句(There be...) 5
主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语(SVOC) 4
主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语(S V IO DO) 3
主语＋谓语＋宾语(SVO) 2
一、句子成分
构成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。常见句子成分包括主语、谓语、表语、宾语、补语、定语和状语。
二、基本句型结构
句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子，其实英语中最基本的句式只有八种，其他各种句式都是由这八种基本句式演变而来。八种基本句式如下：
1.主语＋谓语(S＋V)
这种简单句的谓语部分是不及物动词，意义很完整。这种句子没有被动语态。
The exchange students are registering.
这些交换生正在登记。
We all breathe，drink and eat.
我们都要呼吸、喝水和吃饭。
2.主语＋谓语＋宾语(S＋V＋O)
这种简单句的谓语部分是及物动词，有些不及物动词后加上介词也可看成一个及物动词。
The students are doing an experiment.
学生们正在做一个实验。
She usually puts off carrying out her promise.
她经常拖延履行她的诺言。
You must listen to me.你必须听我的。
3.主语＋系动词＋表语(S＋V＋P)
这种简单句表示主语的性质、状态、身份等。
He became a teacher of English.
他成了一名英语教师。
My brothers are all college students.
我的弟弟们都是大学生。
She looked a little annoyed.
她看上去有点生气。
[温馨提示]　英语中常见的系动词有：be动词、感官类动词(look，smell，taste，feel，sound等)、表变化类动词(get，become，turn，go，grow，come等)、表保持类动词(keep，stay，remain等)，可充当表语的形式有：形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、过去/现在分词和从句等。
4.主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 (直接宾语和间接宾语叫作双宾语)(S＋V＋IO＋DO)
My sister told me a long story.
＝My sister told a long story to me.
我姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。
The professor gave us an exciting lecture.
＝The professor gave an exciting lecture to us.
教授给我们做了一场激动人心的讲座。
[温馨提示]　双宾语由直接宾语和间接宾语组成。直接宾语是谓语动词的承受者，间接宾语表示谓语动作的方向(对谁做)或动作的目标(为谁做)，间接宾语紧接在谓语动词后，但它不能单独存在，它和直接宾语组成双宾语。双宾语的常见结构：
(1)bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sb sth
＝bring/give/hand/lend/pass/sell/show/take/teach/tell/write/offer/pay sth to sb
(2)buy/make sb sth＝buy/make sth for sb
5.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补(宾语和宾补统称为复合宾语)(S＋V＋O＋C)
We all call the baby Sara.
我们都叫这个婴儿萨拉。
I found his design very impressive.
我发现他的设计让人印象很深刻。
I found myself in a strange place.
我发现自己在一个陌生的地方。
The guide showed all the visitors in.
导游把所有的游客都带了进来。
[温馨提示]　宾补用来补充说明宾语的身份、地位或所处的状态。可作宾补的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。平时常见常考的宾补结构有：
(1)ask，want，like，allow，advise，teach，persuade 等＋宾语＋to do 作宾补；
(2)感官动词：see，watch，notice，observe，feel，hear等＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补；
(3)使役动词：let＋宾语＋省略to的不定式作宾补；
make＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/过去分词作宾补；
have＋宾语＋省略to的不定式/现在分词/过去分词作宾补。
注意：上述加省略to的不定式作宾补的动词如果变成被动语态，省掉的to要加上。
She kept us waiting for her answer for over a week.
她让我们等她的答复等了一个多星期。
I often hear her sing a German song in her lovely voice.
＝She is often heard by me to sing a German song in her lovely voice.
我时常听到她用迷人的声音唱一首德语歌曲。
I will have all my clothes washed this afternoon.
今天下午我将把所有的衣服都洗完。
6.主语＋谓语＋状语(S＋V＋A)
My parents live in Beijing.
我的父母住在北京。
They are playing happily over there.
他们正在那边玩得很开心。
Seeing the cat，the mouse ran off.
见到猫，老鼠就跑了。
7.主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语(S＋V＋O＋A)
He reached the station finally，only to be told the train had left.
他最后到了车站，结果被告知火车已经开走了。
Followed by a group of students，the teacher entered the lab.
后面跟着一群学生，老师走进了实验室。
Although he was so tired，he still helped his father pick apples on the farm.
虽然他很累，但是依然在农场帮助爸爸摘苹果。
[温馨提示]　状语用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子，分为时间、地点、方式、比较、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步状语。介词短语、副词(短语)、不定式、现在分词、过去分词和从句都可充当状语；状语通常位于句末，也可位于句首和句中。
8.There be...句型
There aren’t many books on the shelf.
书架上没有多少书。
There is a chair，two desks，and a bed in the room.
房间里有一把椅子、两张桌子和一张床。
[温馨提示]　在there be句型中，be动词的单复数与最靠近的名词的单复数保持一致，即遵循就近原则。
写出下列句子所属的基本句型结构
1.This kind of food tastes terrible.SP
2.He studies hard.SVA
3.There are several books on the desks.There be...
4.He made me very angry.SVOC
5.I visited many places of interest with my family last week.SVOA
6.Tom will bring me several English books tomorrow.S V IO DO

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