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话题二　家庭、朋友与周围的人
一．话题词汇
【家人与亲人】
1. 家庭；亲属 　 2. 父亲 　　
3. 母亲 4. 父(母)亲
5. (外)祖父 6. (外)祖母
7. (外)祖父(母) 8. 姐；妹
9. 兄；弟 　　 10. 叔父；舅父；伯父
11. 婶母；姑母；伯母 　　 12. 堂(表)兄弟；堂(表)姐妹
13. 儿子 　　 14. 女儿
15. (外)孙子 16. (外)孙女
17. 丈夫 　　 18. 妻子
19. 婴儿 　　 20. 亲属；亲戚
【朋友、邻居与周围的人】
1. 友谊 2. 邻居
3. 同学/桌 4. 队友 　
5. 笔友 　 6. 成员；会员
7. 英雄 　　 8. 绅士 　
9. 陌生人 10. 先锋；先驱 　　
11. 小孩；儿童 12. 客人；宾客
13. 班长 　　 14. 校长
15. 同意 16. 成功 　
17. 能够 　　 18. 完美的
19. 有礼貌的 　　 20. 富裕的
21. 有趣的
二．话题句式
1.His father is a man .他的父亲是一个40岁的人。
2.We share a lot of things ，such as...我们有很多共同之处，比如……
3.He is than his sister.他比他妹妹大3岁。
4.I'm very for all that he has for me.我非常感激他为我做的一切。
5.I think good friends should not only help each other but also share and together. I believe that “A friend in need is a friend .”我认为好朋友不仅要互相帮助，而且要共同分享幸福与悲伤。我相信“患难见真情”。
6.I'd learned a lot from them and great in my lessons.我从他们身上学到很多，并且在我的功课方面取得了很大的进步。
7.As as I try my best with the spirit of not up，everything will be OK.只要我抱着不放弃的信念，尽我最大的努力，一切都会变好。
8.Li Ming too much time computer games.李明花了太多的时间玩电脑游戏。
9. We're to say thanks to those who help us when we're in . 1. 我们应该对那些在我们遇到困难时帮助我们的人说谢谢。
10. He is not only easy going one of the best students in my class. 2. 他不仅为人随和，而且是我班上最好的学生之一。
11. With the help of..., I made great progress in...3. 在……的帮助下，我在……方面取得了很大进步。
12. When I'm in , she always me to face and cheers me up.6. 当我遇到困难时，她总是鼓励我面对困难，让我振作起来。
13. I'm always full of in my study because I know she is always me. 我总是对我的学习充满信心，因为我知道她总是在我身后。
一
每个人都有自己的朋友，朋友是我们生活的“必需品”。请你根据下列图示提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍一个你最好的朋友和你们的之间故事。
提示：1.短文应包括图示中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明；
2．短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；
3．词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计人总词数。
My best friend
Every one needs friends.I have a best friend._________________________________
【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：
1.写作时以第三人称为主，介绍过去的情况时用一般过去时，介绍目前的情况时用一般现在时；
2．由图示的提示信息从朋友的外貌性格及我们俩之间的故事写起，最后点题总结；
3．词数不少于80，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。不能出现真实的人名和地名。
【写作模板】
【高分范文】
My best friend
Everyone needs friends.I have a best friend.His name is Jack.
Gradually, I become more outgoing and my grades are better than before. Thank you, Jack. You are my best friend forever.
二
亲爱的同学，在你的初中生活中，总会与有些同学成为朋友。请以“My Best Friend and I”为题，并根据下面的图表信息，写一篇英语短文。内容包括：你最好的朋友是谁、你们是怎么成为朋友的、你们有什么相同点和不同点。
提示：1. 短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；
2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；
3. 词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
My Best Friend and I
We are graduating from middle school soon.I miss so many good friends, especially my best friend Jeff.
I hope he will have a bright future and that our friendship will last for a lifetime.
真题训练
（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）
我们的生活丰富多彩，每个家庭都发生过一些有趣的事，请选择一件用英语写一篇短文，与我们分享。
写作要求：
（1）文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；
（2）语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
（3）词数不少于80词。
（2023·贵州·统考中考真题）
请结合下图内容及提示，以“My__________ Family Memory”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。
describe the memoryWhat happened When did it happen Who was in the memory express your feelings or opinionsWhat do you think of it Why do you think so
写作要求：
1. 结合实际，用适当的形容词补全标题。
2. 短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展。
3. 文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）
2022年1月生效的《家庭教育促进法》规定：未成年人的父母或其他监护人应该重视家庭教育，关心孩子身心健康。对于此规定，作为学生的你有话想说。请你给校英语专栏写一篇短文，对父母提出建议并表明观点。内容包括：
1. 多花时间陪我们，如教做家务、一起玩耍等；
2. 帮助我们养成好的习惯；
3. 常与我们沟通谈心；
4. 信任我们并保护我们的隐私。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校等信息。
参考词汇：physical and mental health身心健康；privacy n.隐私
According to the law “Family Education Promotion”, parents or other guardians of minors should be responsible for family education. It asks parents to pay attention to children’s physical and mental health. Here are my suggestions for parents.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）
学校英语角即将开展一次以“朋友”为主题的演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿参加活动，包括以下内容：
1.你最好的朋友是什么样的？
2.你的朋友曾给予过你什么？
3.你准备为你的朋友做什么？
词数90左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；文中不能透露考生身份的任何信息。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【2020 黑龙江哈尔滨】
80.假如你是中学生李平，曾经在你们班学习的交换生Peter看了你发布的朋友圈，他对你们班上周举行的主题班会很感兴趣。请你根据以下信息给他写一封信，向他介绍班会的情况并和他交流一下中学生如何才能实现自己的理想。
写作要点：
1.班会的主题：我的理想
2.介绍你和几名同学的理想：
（1）赵勇：想成为一名勇敢的警察；
（2）张红：想做一名志愿者；
（3）你：想成为一名优秀的医生。
3.说说中学生如何才能实现（realize）自己的理想（ideal）。
写作要求：
1.不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。
2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
3.字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。
4.至少80词。
Dear peter,
I'm writing to tell you something about the class meeting held last week. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping话题二　家庭、朋友与周围的人
一．话题词汇
【家人与亲人】
1. 家庭；亲属family　 2. 父亲father　　
3. 母亲mother 4. 父(母)亲parent
5. (外)祖父grandfather/grandpa 6. (外)祖母grandmother/grandma 　　
7. (外)祖父(母)grandparent 8. 姐；妹sister
9. 兄；弟brother　　 10. 叔父；舅父；伯父uncle
11. 婶母；姑母；伯母aunt　　 12. 堂(表)兄弟；堂(表)姐妹cousin
13. 儿子son　　 14. 女儿daughter
15. (外)孙子grandson 16. (外)孙女granddaughter
17. 丈夫husband　　 18. 妻子wife
19. 婴儿baby 　　 20. 亲属；亲戚relative
【朋友、邻居与周围的人】
1. 友谊friendship 2. 邻居neighbor/neighbour
3. 同学/桌classmate/deskmate 4. 队友teammate　
5. 笔友pen pal　　 6. 成员；会员member
7. 英雄hero　　 8. 绅士gentleman　
9. 陌生人stranger 10. 先锋；先驱pioneer　　
11. 小孩；儿童child(children)　　 12. 客人；宾客guest
13. 班长 monitor 　　 14. 校长 head teacher　
15. 同意agree 16. 成功succeed　
17. 能够able 　　 18. 完美的perfect
19. 有礼貌的polite　　 20. 富裕的rich
21. 有趣的funny
二．话题句式
1.His father is a man of forty years old.他的父亲是一个40岁的人。
2.We share a lot of things in common，such as...我们有很多共同之处，比如……
3.He is three years older than his sister.他比他妹妹大3岁。
4.I'm very thankful for all that he has done for me.我非常感激他为我做的一切。
5.I think good friends should not only help each other but also share happiness and sadness together. I believe that “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”我认为好朋友不仅要互相帮助，而且要共同分享幸福与悲伤。我相信“患难见真情”。
6.I'd learned a lot from them and made great progress in my lessons.我从他们身上学到很多，并且在我的功课方面取得了很大的进步。
7.As long as I try my best with the spirit of not giving up，everything will be OK.只要我抱着不放弃的信念，尽我最大的努力，一切都会变好。
8.Li Ming spent too much time playing computer games.李明花了太多的时间玩电脑游戏。
9. We're supposed to say thanks to those who help us when we're in trouble. 1. 我们应该对那些在我们遇到困难时帮助我们的人说谢谢。
10. He is not only easy going but also one of the best students in my class. 2. 他不仅为人随和，而且是我班上最好的学生之一。
11. With the help of..., I made great progress in...3. 在……的帮助下，我在……方面取得了很大进步。
12. When I'm in trouble, she always encourages me to face difficulties and cheers me up.6. 当我遇到困难时，她总是鼓励我面对困难，让我振作起来。
13. I'm always full of confidence in my study because I know she is always behind me. 我总是对我的学习充满信心，因为我知道她总是在我身后。
一
每个人都有自己的朋友，朋友是我们生活的“必需品”。请你根据下列图示提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍一个你最好的朋友和你们的之间故事。
提示：1.短文应包括图示中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯，段落分明；
2．短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；
3．词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计人总词数。
My best friend
Every one needs friends.I have a best friend._________________________________
【审题指导】细读所给的文字提示，可以提取以下信息：
1.写作时以第三人称为主，介绍过去的情况时用一般过去时，介绍目前的情况时用一般现在时；
2．由图示的提示信息从朋友的外貌性格及我们俩之间的故事写起，最后点题总结；
3．词数不少于80，开头已经给出，不计入总词数。不能出现真实的人名和地名。
【写作模板】
【高分范文】
My best friend
Everyone needs friends.I have a best friend.His name is Jack. He is of medium build with short black hair. And he is outgoing and helpful. He often helps me with my English. He likes doing sports like playing basketball and swimming. He is in good health. We knew each other about three years ago. We came to a new school and
Became deskmates. At that time, I was not good at my lessons and I wasn't outgoing, I was afraid of speaking in front of others. It was Jack who helped me with my lessons and played with me. Gradually, I become more
Outgoing and my grades are better than before. Thank you, Jack. You are my best friend forever.
二
亲爱的同学，在你的初中生活中，总会与有些同学成为朋友。请以“My Best Friend and I”为题，并根据下面的图表信息，写一篇英语短文。内容包括：你最好的朋友是谁、你们是怎么成为朋友的、你们有什么相同点和不同点。
提示：1. 短文应包括图表中的全部信息，条理清楚，行文连贯；
2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名和地名；
3. 词数不少于80，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
My Best Friend and I
We are graduating from middle school soon.I miss so many good friends, especially my best friend Jeff.
We've been friends for three years. Three years ago, I was a new student in our class. I felt very lonely. My English was very poor. Jeff often helped me learn English. With his help, I made much progress in English. So we became friends.
Though we are both tall and thin, we are different. Jeff is more outgoing than me and he is good at playing soccer. But I'm quiet and I'm good at playing basketball. We often help each other. He is very kind and friendly. So we get on well with each other.
I hope he will have a bright future and that our friendship will last for a lifetime.
真题训练
（2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题）
我们的生活丰富多彩，每个家庭都发生过一些有趣的事，请选择一件用英语写一篇短文，与我们分享。
写作要求：
（1）文中不得出现任何真实信息（姓名、校名和地名等）；
（2）语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整；
（3）词数不少于80词。
【答案】例文
I have a happy family. There are many funny things in my family.
One day, my mother and I went to a park. We had a good time and we decided to have lunch in the park. My mother bought some milk and bread. My mother told me to wash my hands before lunch. However, when we came back, our bread was gone! We thought that someone took it. We are very angry. I thought that the thief would come back to take the milk. So, my mother and I hid behind a tree and waited. One hour later, no one came and we were very hungry. We gave up and we wanted to go home to have something to eat. Suddenly, I found something under the chair. Oh, it’s our bread!
What a funny thing!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，为话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：本文主要介绍自己家庭中发生的一件趣事，适当增加细节。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引出话题；
第二步，详细介绍自己家发生的一件趣事；
第三步，书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①have a good time玩得开心
②give up放弃
[高分句型]
①My mother told me to wash my hands before lunch.(动词不定式作宾语补足语)
②when we came back, our bread was gone!(when引导的时间状语从句)
③What a funny thing!(感叹句)
（2023·贵州·统考中考真题）
请结合下图内容及提示，以“My__________ Family Memory”为题，根据写作要求，写一篇不少于80词的短文。
describe the memoryWhat happened When did it happen Who was in the memory express your feelings or opinionsWhat do you think of it Why do you think so
写作要求：
1. 结合实际，用适当的形容词补全标题。
2. 短文须包含图中所有信息，并适当拓展。
3. 文中不能出现真实的人名和校名。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文
My Funniest Family Memory
There are countless interesting memories in our family. Let me tell you one of them. It’s about eating.
I remember once, when I was at my grandma’s house, it’s time for dinner. I was so hungry that I ran to the table in a windy manner and started eating. I just had a bite of the food, feeling very spicy. I asked my mother, “Mom, why is vegetable pepper so hot ” Mom ran over and tasted it. She said, “This is not vegetable pepper. It’s pepper!” “Ah ” I asked in confusion. This is chili. No wonder it’s so spicy. “Give me some water!” The family laughed when they heard it.
In fact, there are many interesting family stories, waiting for us to discover. As long as you are serious about discovering it, you will feel that family fun everywhere.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文，属于材料作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章标题以及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，不要遗漏提示中的“补全题目”这一要点，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点题，引出话题；
第二步，根据要点讲述这一事件发生的时间、人物及经过，要列举具体的事例；
第三步，抒发你对这件事的评价并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①countless interesting memories无数的有趣回忆
②in confusion疑惑地
③no wonder难怪
[高分句型]
①I was so hungry that I ran to the table in a windy manner and started eating.（so that引导的结果状语从句）
②As long as you are serious about discovering it, you will feel that family fun everywhere.（as long as引导的条件状语从句）、、
（2023·四川乐山·统考中考真题）
2022年1月生效的《家庭教育促进法》规定：未成年人的父母或其他监护人应该重视家庭教育，关心孩子身心健康。对于此规定，作为学生的你有话想说。请你给校英语专栏写一篇短文，对父母提出建议并表明观点。内容包括：
1. 多花时间陪我们，如教做家务、一起玩耍等；
2. 帮助我们养成好的习惯；
3. 常与我们沟通谈心；
4. 信任我们并保护我们的隐私。
注意：
1. 词数80词左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯；
3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和学校等信息。
参考词汇：physical and mental health身心健康；privacy n.隐私
According to the law “Family Education Promotion”, parents or other guardians of minors should be responsible for family education. It asks parents to pay attention to children’s physical and mental health. Here are my suggestions for parents.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
According to the Law “Family Education Promotion”, parents or other guardians of minors should be responsible for family education. It asks parents to pay attention to children’s physical and mental health. Here are my suggestions for parents.
First of all, I think parents should spend more time with us. For example, parents can teach us to do housework and play with us in spare time. Second, parents should help us to get into good habits, such as eating healthy food, doing sports and so on. What’s more, parents had better communicate with us more often. That’s because some misunderstandings are caused by lack of communication. Finally, I hope parents can trust us and protect our privacy. We children need more personal space.
In my opinion, we can work together to understand and respect each other so that we can make progress.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，属于材料作文写作；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：文章开头以及要点已经给出，按照提示的要点逐点阐述，可以适当增加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，承接短文开头，引出话题；
第二步，根据提示的要点逐个进行阐述，对父母提出建议，可列举具体的事例；
第三步，表明自己的观点并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①get into good habits养成良好的习惯
②had better do sth最好做某事
③communicate with sb和某人交流
④lack of……的缺乏
[高分句型]
①First of all, I think parents should spend more time with us.（省略引导词that引导的宾语从句）
②That’s because some misunderstandings are caused by lack of communication.（because引导的表语从句）
③In my opinion, we can work together to understand and respect each other so that we can make progress.（so that引导的结果状语从句）
（2023·湖南株洲·统考中考真题）
学校英语角即将开展一次以“朋友”为主题的演讲活动，请你写一篇演讲稿参加活动，包括以下内容：
1.你最好的朋友是什么样的？
2.你的朋友曾给予过你什么？
3.你准备为你的朋友做什么？
词数90左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；文中不能透露考生身份的任何信息。
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【答案】例文
What’s the meaning of a friend to you Maybe you think that a friend is someone who will listen to you when you’re sad. Maybe you think that a friend is someone who will give you a gift on your birthday. But to me, a friend is someone I can depend on and I love.
When I was eight years old, I met my best friend, Li Mei. Her personality was different from mine. She’s very active and brave. When I was sad, she would sit next to me and comfort me. When I was happy, she could share my joy. What’s more, she always encourages me. She told me not to give up when I met any difficulty. She advised me to have another try if I wanted to give up halfway.
So far, we have been friends for eight years. Although we were not classmates anymore, I believe that we’ll still be good friends forever. What’s more, I will prepare a birthday party for her to give her a surprise.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇讲稿；
②时态：时态综合使用“一般现在时”，“一般过去时”和“一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，要求以“朋友”为主题，根据提示内容进行写作，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍朋友是什么；
第二步，介绍最好的朋友是什么样的以及朋友曾给予过你什么；
第三步，介绍准备为你的朋友做什么。
[亮点词汇]
①depend on依靠
②be different from不同于
③give up放弃
[高分句型]
①She told me not to give up when I met any difficulty.（when引导的时间状语从句）
②She advised me to have another try if I wanted to give up halfway.（if引导的条件状语从句）
【2020 黑龙江哈尔滨】
80.假如你是中学生李平，曾经在你们班学习的交换生Peter看了你发布的朋友圈，他对你们班上周举行的主题班会很感兴趣。请你根据以下信息给他写一封信，向他介绍班会的情况并和他交流一下中学生如何才能实现自己的理想。
写作要点：
1.班会的主题：我的理想
2.介绍你和几名同学的理想：
（1）赵勇：想成为一名勇敢的警察；
（2）张红：想做一名志愿者；
（3）你：想成为一名优秀的医生。
3.说说中学生如何才能实现（realize）自己的理想（ideal）。
写作要求：
1.不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。
2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
3.字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。
4.至少80词。
Dear peter,
I'm writing to tell you something about the class meeting held last week. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【写作思路】
这是一篇话题作文，介绍班会情况，班会的主题是谈论理想，通过分析可知，除了短文开头介绍上周班会情况，我们应该使用一般过去时态，其他内容可以使用一般现在时和一般将来时，注意谓语动词要随着时态和人称的变化而改变。
【参考范文】
Dear peter,
I'm writing to tell you something about the class meeting held last week. The theme of it was “My Ideal”. Our monitor hosted the meeting. During it, all of us took an active part in the discussion and shared our opinions with each other.
Zhao Yong is going to be a brave policeman. He hopes to help people in danger. Zhang Hong wants to be a volunteer, she will help people in need especially the disabled and the homeless. My dream is to be an excellent doctor, I think it’s a meaningful job, because I can save people’s lives and help them out of danger.
To realize our ideals, I have some opinions. Firstly, we must try to work harder from now on and learn as much knowledge as possible. Secondly, we should believe ourselves, because confidence is the key to success. Besides, it’s also important to find out how successfully people did it so that we can learn from them.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Ping
【名师点评】
1.例文点评：例文采用分段式，文中衔接流畅，在写作的时候选择了一些相对高级的词汇，也运用多种句型，句式丰富多彩，避免单一化，增加了文章的亮点，润色了文章的内容。
2.高分亮点：
短语：host the meeting；take an active part in；in danger；a meaningful job；from now on；learn from。
句型：① I think it’s a meaningful job, because I can save people’s lives and help them out of danger.
②Secondly, we should believe ourselves, because confidence is the key to success.
③Besides, it’s also important to find out how successfully people did it so that we can learn from them.

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