资源简介

Period Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures——过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
1.Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
2.They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.
3.They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
4.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.
5.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
【自主发现】
1.句1和句2中加黑词汇在句中作定语。在句1中为前置定语，在句2中为后置定语。
2.句3、句4和句5中加黑词汇在句中作宾语补足语。
3.过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语构成动宾关系。
一、过去分词作定语
1.意义
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成，或者只表示被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river(已经被污染)
一条被污染的河流
books written by Lu Xun(已经被写)
鲁迅写的书
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
fallen leaves(已经落下的)落叶
the risen sun(已经升起的)升起的太阳
2.位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
A watched pot never boils.
[谚语]心急锅不开。
You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless it is based on facts.
＝You cannot accept an opinion which is offered to you unless it is based on facts.
你不能(随便)接受别人给你的意见，除非它是以事实为根据的。
3.与现在分词作定语的区别
(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
The question discussed was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要。
(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
4.与现在分词的被动语态(being done)和动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
　　　意义 形式　　　 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1.几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
(1)过去分词用在表状态的动词keep，leave等的后面作宾语补足语。
He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得很晚，没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室。
(2)过去分词用在使役动词have、get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
①“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔(让安检员)对她的行李进行了安检。
While they were on holiday，they had/got their car broken into.
他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。
②在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很简易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
(3)感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家度过假期。
The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
(4)表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like，want，wish，expect，order等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
2.“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌，准备盛放待煮的饭菜。
She stood in front of him，with her eyes fixed on his face.　她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。
3.过去分词/现在分词/动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
(1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式(以hear为例)：
hear＋宾语＋
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主动、正在进行)
昨天经过她的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动、完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动、无时间性)
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地找机会听别人讲英语。
(2)使役动词make，have，get，keep后加复合宾语的比较：
①make＋宾语＋
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这个令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。
I made myself known to them first and then we talked about our hobbies.
我先向他们做了自我介绍，然后我们谈论了我们的爱好。
②have＋宾语＋
Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。
He had us laughing all through the meal.
整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。
My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.
上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。
③get＋宾语＋
He got me to post the letter for him.
他让我替他寄信。
The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。
I’ll get my cellphone repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。
④keep＋宾语＋
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
对不起，让你久等了。
She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.
她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。
(3)with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较：
with＋
WeChat is like a public network，with people sharing information publicly.
微信像是一个公开网络，人们公开分享信息。
With a great weight taken off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.
由于放下了极大的思想包袱，她成功地通过了所有考试。
用所给词的正确形式填空
1.The trees blown (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
2.The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing (stand) in one corner.
3.Tsinghua University，founded (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4.With all the work done(do)，I feel very relaxed now.
5.There will be a meeting in half an hour.The problem to__be__discussed (discuss) in it is really important.
6.I saw an old man knocked(knock)down by a car.
7.I’d like the job done(do)when I come back from the journey.
8.An old man was brought in，with his hands tied(tie)behind his back.
9.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself heard(hear).
10.Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car washed (wash).(共24张PPT)
Period Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures——过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
UNIT 4　HISTORY AND TRADITIONS
图解 语法脉络
感知 语法规律
///////
1
2
4
///////
///////
精讲 语法知识
3
///////
跟踪 落实检查
1.Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
2.They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.
3.They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
4.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.
5.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
【自主发现】
1.句1和句2中加黑词汇在句中作定语。在句1中为____________，在句2中为___________________。
2.句3、句4和句5中加黑词汇在句中作___________________。
3.过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语构成__________________。
前置定语
后置定语
宾语补足语
动宾关系
一、过去分词作定语
1.意义
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成，或者只表示被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river(已经被污染)一条被污染的河流
books written by Lu Xun(已经被写)鲁迅写的书
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
fallen leaves(已经落下的)落叶
the risen sun(已经升起的)升起的太阳
2.位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
A watched pot never boils.
[谚语]心急锅不开。
You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless it is based on facts.
＝You cannot accept an opinion which is offered to you unless it is based on facts.
你不能(随便)接受别人给你的意见，除非它是以事实为根据的。
3.与现在分词作定语的区别
(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
The question discussed was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要。
4.与现在分词的被动语态(being done)和动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
　　　意义 形式　　　 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1.几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
(1)过去分词用在表状态的动词keep，leave等的后面作宾语补足语。
He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得很晚，没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室。
(2)过去分词用在使役动词have、get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
①“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔(让安检员)对她的行李进行了安检。
While they were on holiday，they had/got their car broken into.
他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。
②在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很简易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
(3)感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家度过假期。
The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
(4)表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like，want，wish，expect，order等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
2.“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌，准备盛放待煮的饭菜。
She stood in front of him，with her eyes fixed on his face.
她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。
3.过去分词/现在分词/动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
(1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式(以hear为例)：
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
(主动、正在进行)
昨天经过她的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动、完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动、无时间性)
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地找机会听别人讲英语。
用所给词的正确形式填空
1.The trees ____________ (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
2.The room is empty except for a bookshelf ____________ (stand) in one corner.
3.Tsinghua University，____________ (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4.With all the work ____________(do)，I feel very relaxed now.
5.There will be a meeting in half an hour.The problem _______________ (discuss) in it is really important.
blown
standing
founded
done
to be discussed
6.I saw an old man ____________(knock)down by a car.
7.I’d like the job ____________(do)when I come back from the journey.
8.An old man was brought in，with his hands ____________(tie)behind his back.
9.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ____________ (hear).
10.Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car ____________ (wash).
knocked
done
tied
heard
washedPeriod Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures——过去分词作定语和宾语补足语
1.Most people just use the shortened name：“the United Kingdom” or “the UK”.
2.They use the same flag，known as the Union Jack，as well as share the same currency and military defence.
3.They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
4.Judy and I had our car parked in an underground car park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.
5.When we finally reached the service desk to ask for audio guides，we heard it announced that there were no audio guides left.
【自主发现】
1.句1和句2中加黑词汇在句中作定语。在句1中为____________，在句2中为_________________________________。
2.句3、句4和句5中加黑词汇在句中作___________________。
3.过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语构成_____________________。
一、过去分词作定语
1.意义
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成，或者只表示被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
a polluted river(已经被污染)
一条被污染的河流
books written by Lu Xun(已经被写)
鲁迅写的书
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
fallen leaves(已经落下的)落叶
the risen sun(已经升起的)升起的太阳
2.位置
单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在所修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
A watched pot never boils.
[谚语]心急锅不开。
You cannot accept an opinion offered to you unless it is based on facts.
＝You cannot accept an opinion which is offered to you unless it is based on facts.
你不能(随便)接受别人给你的意见，除非它是以事实为根据的。
3.与现在分词作定语的区别
(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
The question discussed was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要。
(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
4.与现在分词的被动语态(being done)和动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
　　　意义 形式　　　 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
二、过去分词作宾语补足语
1.几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)
(1)过去分词用在表状态的动词keep，leave等的后面作宾语补足语。
He got up late and hurried to his office，leaving the breakfast untouched.
他起得很晚，没吃早饭就匆匆忙忙地去了办公室。
(2)过去分词用在使役动词have、get和make的后面作宾语补足语。
①“have/get＋宾语＋过去分词”可以表示两种含义：“让别人做某事”或“遭遇到某种不幸”。
Claire had/got her luggage checked an hour before her plane left.
在飞机起飞前一个小时克莱尔(让安检员)对她的行李进行了安检。
While they were on holiday，they had/got their car broken into.
他们在度假时，汽车被撬开了。
②在“make＋宾语＋过去分词”这种结构中，过去分词表示结果。
They managed to make themselves understood by using very simple English.
他们用很简易的英语来设法使自己被理解。
(3)感官动词see，hear，notice，observe，watch，feel，find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When we saw the road blocked with snow，we decided to spend the holiday at home.
当我们看到道路被雪封住后，我们决定在家度过假期。
The next morning people found the world outside their houses completely changed.
第二天早上，人们发现他们房子外面的世界全变了样。
(4)表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like，want，wish，expect，order等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
2.“with＋宾语＋过去分词”结构
在“with＋宾语＋过去分词”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already laid for a meal to be cooked.
客厅既干净又整洁，已摆好了餐桌，准备盛放待煮的饭菜。
She stood in front of him，with her eyes fixed on his face.
她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。
3.过去分词/现在分词/动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别
(1)感官动词(短语)see，watch，observe，look at，notice，hear，listen to，feel等的宾语补足语主要有三种形式(以hear为例)：
hear＋宾语＋
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主动、正在进行)
昨天经过她的房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。
I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动、完成)
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
To learn English well，we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动、无时间性)
为了学好英语，我们应该尽可能多地找机会听别人讲英语。
(2)使役动词make，have，get，keep后加复合宾语的比较：
①make＋宾语＋
The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.
这个令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么可怕的问题。
I made myself known to them first and then we talked about our hobbies.
我先向他们做了自我介绍，然后我们谈论了我们的爱好。
②have＋宾语＋
Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
妈妈让我去商店买些食盐。
He had us laughing all through the meal.
整顿饭下来他让我们笑个不停。
My elder sister had her wallet stolen on a bus last month.
上个月，我姐姐的钱包在公共汽车上被偷了。
③get＋宾语＋
He got me to post the letter for him.
他让我替他寄信。
The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest.
休息了片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进。
I’ll get my cellphone repaired tomorrow.
我明天要(请人)修一下我的手机。
④keep＋宾语＋
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.
对不起，让你久等了。
She kept her eyes shut and stayed where she was.
她紧闭双眼，待在原地未动。
(3)with复合结构中宾语补足语的比较：
with＋
WeChat is like a public network，with people sharing information publicly.
微信像是一个公开网络，人们公开分享信息。
With a great weight taken off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.
由于放下了极大的思想包袱，她成功地通过了所有考试。
用所给词的正确形式填空
1.The trees ____________ (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road.
2.The room is empty except for a bookshelf ____________ (stand) in one corner.
3.Tsinghua University，____________ (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4.With all the work ____________(do)，I feel very relaxed now.
5.There will be a meeting in half an hour.The problem ____________ (discuss) in it is really important.
6.I saw an old man ____________(knock)down by a car.
7.I’d like the job ____________(do)when I come back from the journey.
8.An old man was brought in，with his hands ____________(tie)behind his back.
9.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ____________(hear).
10.Before driving into the city，you are required to get your car ____________ (wash).

展开更多......

收起↑