资源简介 人教版八年级上册英语Unit 10 知识点总结(含短语+句型+精讲+作文)Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!一、 课内短语归纳1. go to the party 参加晚会2. have a great /good time 玩的开心3. stay at home 呆在家4. take the bus 乘公交车5. tomorrow night 明天晚上6. have a class party 开班级晚会7. have a class meeting 开班会8. half the class 全班一半人9. make some food 做食物10. at the party 在晚会上11. order food 预定食物12. potato chips 薯条13. be angry with sb. 对某人生气14. give sb some advice 给某人建议/劝告15. travel around the world 周游世界16. go to college 上大学17. make(a lot of)money 挣钱/赚钱18. get an education 上学/受教育19. work hard 努力工作/努力学习20. a soccer player 一个足球运动员21. keep…to oneself 保守秘密22. talk to sb. 与某人谈话23. in life 在一生中24. in the end 在最后25. be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气26. make mistakes 弄错/出差错27. in the future 在将来28. run away 逃跑29. the first step 第一步30. in half 成半31. solve a problem 解决难题32. school clean-up 学校大扫除二、 词汇解析1. upset(1) upset可作形容词,意为“难过的;失望的;沮丧的”。例如: Don’t get so upset. 别那么沮丧。 After she died I felt very, very upset. 她去世之后,我非常非常难过。(2) upset还可作动词,意为“使心烦意乱,使生气”。例如: She warned me not to say anything to upset him. 她警告我不要说任何让他不高兴的话。 Don’t upset yourself, Ida. 别自寻烦恼了,艾达。(3) be upset with sb. 意为“生某人的气”。例如: He is still upset with me. 她还在生我的气。2. adviceadvice是不可数名词,意为“意见、建议、劝告、忠告”,不能与不定冠词a 连用。例如: a piece of advice一条建议 Let me give you some advice. 让我给你一些建议。【拓展】(1) give sb. advice (on) 给……提(有关……)的建议。例如: Can you give me some advice on how to learn English well 你能给我一些关于如何学好英语的建议吗?(2) take one’s advice 听从某人的建议 例如: I’ll take your advice, and do exercise every day. 我会听从你的建议,每天锻炼身体。(3) advise是advice的动词形式,意为“建议”,常用于advise sb. to do sth.的结构中。例如: He advised me to read English every morning. 他建议我每天早晨读英语。3. unless连词unless意为“除非……;如果不……”, 用来引导条件状语从句,引导条件句时,主要用于下列情况:(1) 主句为肯定句。例如: Unless I visit every bookstore in town, I shall not know whether I can get what I want. 如果我不到城里每一家书店去看看,我就不知道是否能买到我想要的书。 You will miss the bus unless you hurry up. 你要不快点就会错过班车。 You’ll fail in chemistry again unless you work harder. 如果你不再加把劲,你化学考试还会不及格。(2) 主句为否定句。例如: I wouldn’t be saying this unless I were sure of the facts.要是我对这些事情没有把握,我就不说这话了。 You will never get anywhere unless you have set your goal.如果你不设定目标,你哪儿也去不了。4. angryangry是形容词,意为“发怒的;生气的”。例如: My best friend is angry with me. 我最好的朋友在生我的气。 He got angry at her answer. 他对她的答复很生气。【拓展】be /get angry with sb. 生某人的气 例如: I am angry with him because he broke the glass. 因为他打碎了玻璃杯,所以我生他的气。be /get angry at / about sth. 因某事而生气 例如: She got very angry about his laughing at her. 因为他嘲笑她,她很生气。5. carefulcareful是形容词,意为“小心的;细致的;精心的;慎重的”。例如: Be careful! There is a truck coming.小心!有辆卡车过来了。 Be careful of the traffic. 注意交通安全。 You should be careful with your money. 你花钱要精打细算。【拓展】 carefully adv. 小心地;谨慎careless adj. 马虎的;粗心的6. solvesolve 作及物动词,意为“解决;阐明;解答(数学题)”。例如: With the help of his friends, he finally solved the problem. 在朋友们的帮助下,他终于解决了问题。 She tried to solve a crossword puzzle. 她试着解答一道纵横字谜。 What’s your problem Can you solve it by yourself 你的问题(困难)是什么 你能自己解决吗 7. experience(1) 作可数名词,意为“经历,阅历”,常用于词组have / be an experience有/是一次经历。例如: He had many interesting experiences while traveling in North America. 他在北美旅行时有许多有趣的经历。(2) 作不可数名词,意为“经验,体验”,对应的形容词为experienced有经验的。例如: She is a teacher with rich experience of teaching. 她是一位教学经验丰富的老师。 Yang Liwei is an experienced pilot. 杨利伟是一位有经验的飞行员。(3) 作动词,意为“经历,感受”。例如: The child had never experienced kindness. 这孩子从未受过善待。 He experienced great hardships for the first time in his life. 他有生以来第一次体验到巨大的艰苦。8. elseelse作形容词,意为“别的,其他的”,常用于不定代词后面。(1) 常用在much, little, all(=everything)等词后面。 例如:Not much else is known. 其他的不很清楚。 There was little else he could do. 他再没有别的什么可做了。 We don’t know much else about his life. 对他生平别的方面我们知道很少。(2) 常用在 -one, -body, -thing, -place, -where 结尾的不定代词后面。 例如:Have you anything else to do 你还有别的什么事要做吗 Ask somebody else to help you. 请别人帮帮你吧。 You can’t get it anywhere else. 你在任何别的地方都找不到它。 He has nothing else to do today. 我今天没有别的事要干。(3) 常用在who, what, where, how, why 等疑问词后面。 例如:Who else was at the party 晚会上还有谁 Where else did you go 你还去过什么别的地方 But what else can we do 我们还能做什么 9. in the endin the end意为“最后,终于”,相当于at last,finally。例如: We won in the end.最后,我们取得了胜利。【拓展】(1) by the end of到……为止,在……以前,常与过去完成时连用。例如: He had finished the work by the end of last month. 上个月底前他就已经完成了那项工作。(2) at the end of在……末尾,在……尽头,后既可以接表示时间的名词,也可以接表示地点的名词。 例如:The hospital is at the end of the road.医院就在路的尽头。He will come to see you at the end of this month.这个月底他要来看你。 10. mistakemistake是名词,意为“错误;失误”。例如: His homework is always full of mistakes. 他的作业总是错误百出。【拓展】 make a mistake犯错误 by mistake错误地(不是故意做某事) 例如: It’s easy to make a mistake. 犯错误很容易。 I took your bag by mistake. 我错拿了你的包。三、 必背经典句1. If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time. 假如你去参加派对,你会过得很快乐。2. If you do, the teachers won’t let you in. 要是你这样做,老师将不会让你进。3. If you do , you’ll be sorry. 要是你这样做,你会遗憾。4. If you don’t do this now, I’ll never do it.要是你现在不做这件事情,我将永远不会做。5. If we do that, more people will want to play the game. 要是我们做那件事,更多的人都会想玩这个游戏。6. You can come with us if you want. 只要你想,你就可以和我们一起来。7. What will happen if they watch a video at the party 假如他们在开派对时看视频,会发生什么呢?8. When is the good time to have the party 何时才是开派对的好时间呢?9. For the party next week, should we ask people to bring food 对于下个周的派对,我产应该叫人们带食物吗?10. Give me some advice, please! 请给我一些建议。11. I will not make any friends if I always keep my ideas go myself. 要是我总是把我的想法埋在心底, 我将交不到任何朋友。12. Problems and worries are normal in life. 生活中,麻烦与担忧是寻常的。13. Unless we talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse. 除非我们与他人交流,我们当然会感到更糟糕。14. Sharing a problem is like cutting it in half. 分享问题(困难)就象把它一分为二。15. Talking to someone helps a lot. 与他们交流有很大的帮助。16. She was afraid to tell her parents about it. 总害怕告诉父母这件事。17. Laura once lost her wallet. Laura曾经丢了钱包。18. They got her a new wallet and asked her to be more careful. 他们给她买了新钱包,并且叫她更小心。19. It’s best not to run away from our problems. 最好不要逃避我们所面对的问题(困难)。20. This person doesn’t need to be an expert. 这个人不必是专家。21. We should try to solve problems. 我们应该努力解决问题。22. So you’re halfway to solving a problem just by talking to someone about it. 只要和他们聊聊你的问题,就等于解决了问题的一半。23. Why not have it on the weekend 为什么不在周末进行呢?24. There’s a test the day after tomorrow. 后天要进行考试。25. The worst thing is to do nothing. 最糟糕的事是不作为。26. He feels the same way as Laura. 他和Laura有同样的感觉。四、 语法精讲If引导的条件状语从句(1) if意为“如果”,表示正面条件。由if引导的条件状语从句表示在某种条件下某事很可能发生。if从句可以放在句首,也可以放在句末。位于句首时,要用逗号隔开。例如:Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them. 如果我们不怕困难,困难就算不了什么。(2) 当if引导的从句为否定句时,可以用unless转化。例如:If you don’t work hard, you will fail.= Unless you work hard , you will fail. 你若不努力工作,就会失败。(3) if/unless引导条件状语从句的时态问题: ① 在条件状语从句中,若主句时态是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时表示将来时。例如:If it rains, I will stay at home. 如果下雨,我就呆在家里。I’ll go with you if you don’t want to go alone. 如果你不想一个人去,我会陪你去。② 如果主句含有must,may,can 等情态动词,从句也用一般现在时。例如:If you drive fast, you may have an accident. 如果你超速驾驶,就可能会出交通事故。You must stop if the traffic light is red. 如果红灯亮了,你必须停下来。③ 如果主句是祈使句,从句也用一般现在时。例如:Be careful with your homework if you don’t want to make mistakes. 如果你不想出错的话就仔细检查你的作业。Do not forget water the flower if you want to make it lives long. 如果你想让花活得长一点,就不要忘记给花浇水。情态动词should的用法should作为情态动词,与其他情态动词一样,常用来表示说话人对某动作或状态的态度、情感。它虽然有实际的意义,但不可单独作谓语,需与动词原形连用。它没有人称和数的变化,其否定形式为should not,可缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法如下:(1) 表示“应该,应当”。例如:You should help your mother with the housework.你应该帮你妈妈做家务。Should I wear a coat 我应该穿件大衣吗 (2) 表示“可能,该(= probably)”。例如:He should arrive soon. 他可能很快就到了。My watch should be in your bag. 我的手表可能在你的包里。(3) 表示“竟然”。例如:It’s strange that he should be late. 真奇怪,他竟然会迟到。It’s strange that it should be so cold today. 很奇怪,今天竟然这么冷。(4) 用在第一人称疑问句中,表示征求对方意见。例如:Should I help you with the dinner 要不要我帮你做晚饭?What do you think I should do 你认为我应该做什么?五、 重点句子讲解1. If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time. 如果你去派对,你将会玩的很开心。(1) 本句是if引导的条件状语从句,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如: If you fail in the exam,you will let him down. 如果你考试不及格,你会让他失望的。 (2) 在 if 引导的条件状语从句中,if 条件句位置灵活,可直接放在主句后面,若 if 条件句放句首, 从句后面要加逗号,和主句隔开。 例如:If you ask him,he will help you. = He will help you if you ask him. 如果你请他帮忙,他会帮你的。2. …because they’ll be too lazy to cook. 因为他们太懒了不能做饭。too…to…意为“太……而不能”。它在结构形式上是肯定的,但意义上却表示否定含义,所以动词不定式符号to前不能再加not,只接动词原形即可,too后接形容词或副词原形。例如: The book is too difficult to understand. 这本书难于理解。【拓展】(1) 在too…to…句型中,当动词不定式的动词是不及物动词,其后所跟的介词不能省略。例如: The room is too small to live in. 这房间太小了不能住。(2) 在too…to…句型中,当动词不定式的宾语实际上就是这个句子的主语时,动词不定式后面不能再加代词作宾语。例如: The question is too difficult to answer. 这个问题太难了,无法回答。(3) 在too…to…句型中,当动词不定式能确切说明动作执行者时,可以在动词不定式前面加上逻辑主语,即for sb.形式。例如: The box is too heavy for him to carry. 箱子太沉了,他搬不动。(4) 含too…to…的句子可以改写成so…that…句型,意为“如此……以至于……”。例如: He is too old to do hard work. = He is so old that he can’t do hard work. 他年纪太大而不能干重活。 (5) 含too…to…的句子也可以用“not + 形容词/副词 + enough to do sth.”句型来替换,但注意要用原句中形容词或副词的反义词。例如: He is too old to do hard work. = He is not young enough to do hard work. 他年纪大了,不能做重活。3. Sometimes they have problems with their school work… 有时他们在学校作业上有问题。 have problems with sth. 意为“在某方面有困难/有问题”。例如: He has some problems with his ears. 他的耳朵有些问题。【拓展】 have problem doing sth. = have problem (in)doing sth.意为“做某事遇到困难或麻烦”,也可用have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.或with sth. 例如: They had problems in getting here. 他们到达这里遇到很多困难。4. I think talking to someone helps a lot. 我认为和他人交谈帮助了很多。talking to someone是动名词短语,在句子中作从句的主语。动名词是动词的一种形式,具有名词特点,在句子中可以充当主语、表语或宾语。 (1) 作主语,动名词作主语,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如: Walking on the moon is not so easy. 在月球上行走是不容易的。 Flying makes me nervous. 飞行使我很紧张。(2) 作宾语,有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如: Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please 你介意把收音机音量调小一点吗? The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught. 这松鼠幸运得很,刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。 (3) 作表语,动名词作表语,对主语进行说明、解释。例如: Her job is washing,cleaning and taking care of the children. 她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。5. She was afraid to tell her parents about it. 她害怕告诉父母这件事。(1) be afraid表示“害怕做某事”或“不敢做某事”,be afraid 之后可接不定式,也可接名词、代词或of doing sth。例如: She was afraid to tell you. 她害怕告诉你。 She is afraid of going out alone late at night. 她很怕深夜独自外出。 I’m afraid of the dog.我怕狗。(2) 但若要表示担心可能会发生某事,则只能用 be afraid of doing而不能用 be afraid to do。例如: I’m afraid of being late for class. 我担心上课迟到。(3) be afraid后可接that从句。例如: He is afraid that his father will be unhappy. 他担心他的爸爸会不高兴。6. If l take a taxi. it will be too expensive. 如果我乘出租车,那将会太昂贵。take a taxi 意为“乘出租车”例如:I sometimes take a taxi to school. 我有时乘出租车去上学。※ 英语中出行方式的表达a.take +a/the+交通工具名称。例如:I often take a bus to school. 经常公共汽车去上学。b.by+交通工具名称。例如:I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。c.动词+to+地点名词。常用的动词有walk,ride,drive,fly等。例如: He wants to drive to the supermarket. 他想开车去超市。d.in/on+限定词+交通工具名称。例如: She goes to school on her bike. 她骑自行车去上学。7. If people have problems, they should keep them to themselves. 如果人们有问题,他们应当把这些问题留给自己。(1) keep...to oneself 意为“保守秘密”是固定搭配例如: Please keep it to yourself. 请你保守秘密【习惯搭配】keep out 不进人keep(on) doing sth. 继续做某事keep up with 了解;继续做keep away from 远离(2) themselves 反身代词,意为“他(她、它)们自己”例如: They seemed to be enjoying themselves. 他们好像玩得非常高兴。8. I will always remember to share my problems in the future! 我将永远牢记以后与别人分担我的问题!(1) remember动词,意为“记得;记住”例如:I remember telling you about it. 我记得和你说过这件事。Remember to write to us when you get there. 到了那里记得给我们写信。※ 辨析remember to do sth.与 remember doing sth.remember to do sth.记着去做某事(还没有做)remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做过)例如:I will remember to tell her about it. 我会记得告诉她这件事的。Don't you remember telling me the story yesterday 你不记得昨天给我讲过这个故事了吗 (2) share 动词,表示“分享;分担”例如: Would you like to share your experience with the rest of the group 你愿意把你的经验与组里其他人分享吗 I try to get the kids to share in the house work. 我努力让孩子们分担家务。※ 知识拓展share 还可作名词,表示“一份,(分担的)一部分例如: Everyone must accept their share of me. 每个人都必须承担自己那份责任。六、 作文积累本单元主要谈论人们做某事可能出现的后果,然后根据实际情况提出一些合理的建议。典型例题:1. 下面是蒂娜(Tina) 在校园网英语留言板中的一个留言。请你根据她的留言及所给的提示,以戴夫(Dave)的名义用英语回复她的问题。提示:(1) 告诉她学好这一科并不难,但学习方法很重要。(2) 根据你自己的体会给她提几条建议(不少于三条)。(3) 激励她坚持下去,并祝愿她学习进步。Tina, 21 December, 2019I’m a middle school student in Junior Two. I need help with my math. I’m really bad at that. Please help!范文:Dear Tina,Math is not as difficult as you think. Just think it over. The way you learn is very important. Here is my advice. First, try to get everything ready before class and try to write down the difficult points in the new lessons. Second, listen carefully when you are in class. If you listen carefully, it can help you understand the lesson better. Don't forget to take notes if necessary. Third, review the lesson after class. And try to do more exercises. Don't worry too much about it. Keep trying and you will soon learn it better. Good luck to you!Yours,Dave2. Mike是一名中学生, 他沉迷于电脑游戏, 并因此而影响了学习。假如你是Jack, 作为Mike的好朋友, 你打算怎么帮助他呢 请根据下面所给的提示写一封不少于80词的信(开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数) 。提示: give up; waste… time; be interested in; have a great timeDear Mike,Thanks for your letter. I am sorry to hear that you are in trouble now. Don’t worry. Let me help you. Now, I’ll give you some advice on how to do better in your study. If you spend too much time on computer games, you’ll waste lots of time. As a result, you’ll have little time to do your homework. If you give up playing computer games, you may be interested in other things, like study or sports. So you should give up the computer games and work hard. I think if you keep working hard, you’ll have a great time at school with your good friends.Yours,Jack 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览