人教版九年级全一册英语Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. 知识点总结(含短语 句型 精讲 作文)

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人教版九年级全一册英语Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark. 知识点总结(含短语 句型 精讲 作文)

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人教版九年级全一册英语Unit 4 知识点总结(含短语+句型+精讲+作文)
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
一、 课内短语归纳
1. used to do 过去常常做
2. deal with 对付 应付
3. be proud of 为……骄傲 ,感到自豪
4. take pride in 为……感到自豪
5. from time to time 时常,有时
6. in public 公开地
7. in person 亲身,亲自
8. take up sth 开始做,接受,占用
9. not……anymore 不再
10. worry about 为……担忧
11. hang out 闲逛
12. think about 考虑
13. be alone 独处
14. on the soccer team 在足球队
15. no longer 不再
16. make a decision 做决 定
17. to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是
18. even though 尽管
19. pay attention to 对……注意,留心
20. in the last few years 在过去的几年里
21. be afraid of 害怕
22. turn red 变红
23. tons of attention 很多关注
24. be careful 当心
25. give up 放弃
26. a very small number of …极少数的……
27. give a speech 作演讲
28. all the time 一直 总是
29. be interested in 对……感兴趣
30. change one’s life 改变某人的生活
31. take care of 照顾
32. one of… ……之一
二、 重点词汇解析
1. silent
silent是形容词,意为“沉默的;无言的”,其名词形式为silence。
例如:
We shouldn’t keep silent when the teacher asks us some questions. 当老师问我们问题时,我们不应该保持沉默。
She was silent when her mother asked her questions.她妈妈问她问题她沉默不语。
※ calm; still; quiet与silent的辨析:
例如:
When we face danger, we should keep calm. 面对危险,我们应该保持沉着、冷静。
The baby kept still when she was taking photos. 当给这个婴儿拍照时,她一动也不动。
Be quiet, everyone. The teacher is coming. 同学们,安静!老师来了。
2. helpful
helpful 形容词,意为“有帮助的”。
例如:
The dictionary is very helpful to me. 那本字典对我很有帮助。
helpful是由动词help加后缀“-ful”构成的形容词。动词加后缀“-ful”变成形容词,是一种常见的构词法,类似的这样的词还有很多。
例如:
care→ careful use→ useful wonder→wonderful
3. score
(1)score作动词,意为“得分;获胜”。
例如:
Hughes scored two goals before half-time. 休斯在上半场进了两个球。
The army continued to score successes in the south. 军队在南方不断取得胜利。
(2)score作名词,意为“得分;二十;乐谱”。
例如:
I recorded the score in a notebook. 我在笔记本上记下了分数。
He bought two scores of apples yesterday. 他昨天买了四十个苹果。
Look at the score and try to play that song. 看乐谱演奏一下那首曲子。
4. interview
interview用作动词,意为“采访,面试”。be interviewed by意为“被……采访”。
例如:
We are going to interview the manager of this company. 我们将要采访这家公司的经理。
He has interviewed a lot of people for the job. 他已面试过很多应聘这份工作的人。
5. dare
(1)dare用作实义动词,意为“敢于;胆敢”。常构成短语dare to do sth.意为“敢于做某事”。有时 to 也可省去(尤其是在否定句或疑问句)。
例如:
He didn’t dare to look at her in the eye. 他不敢正眼看她。
Did he dare (to) tell her 他敢告诉她吗
We don’t dare (to) say anything. 我们什么也不敢说。
(2)dare可用作情态动词,用作情态动词时,意思是“敢”,其后接动词原形,通常只用于否定句或疑问句以及if或whether引导的从句中,一般不用于肯定句。
例如:
I don’t know whether he dare try. 我不知他是否敢试一试。
I dare not ask her for a rise. 我不敢要求她加薪。
※ dare后通常不接动词的进行式。
6. seldom
seldom是副词,意为“很少,不常”,反义词是often,通常置于行为动词之前,be动词,情态动词和助动词之后,是一个表示否定意义的副词。
例如:
Mr Brown seldom goes out. 布朗先生很少外出。
※ always, usually, often, sometimes和never是英语中最常见的频度副词。
(1)always 的频度为100%,表示动作重复、状态继续,中间没有间断,意思是“总是”、“永远地”。
例如:
The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳总是东升西落。
(2)usually 的频度为80%左右,意为“通常”、“平常”,即很少有例外。
例如:
He usually goes to bed at ten o’clock. 他通常10点钟睡觉。
(3)often 的频度为60%左右,意为“常常”,但不如usually那么频繁,表示动作重复,中间有间断。
例如:
He is often late for school. 他上学经常迟到。
(4) sometimes 的频度为40%左右,意为“有时”,表示动作偶尔发生。可以位于句首,以示强调。
例如:
It is sometimes hot and sometimes cold. 天气忽冷忽热。
Sometimes he does it this way and sometimes he does it that way. 他有时这样做,有时那样做。
(5) seldom的频度为20%左右,意为“很少”、“不经常”。
例如:
I seldom go out these days. 这些天我几乎不出门。
(6) never 的频度为0,意为“从来不”、“永不”。
例如:
My parents are never late for work. 我父母上班从来不迟到。
7. pride
pride是名词,意为“骄傲,自豪”。常用的结构:take pride in sth. 意为“为某事骄傲”。
例如:
They take great pride in her daughter who is now a famous scientist. 他们为成为科学家的女儿而感到自豪。
He is the pride of our city. 他是我们城市的骄傲。
※ proud 是形容词,常用结构:
be proud of sth. 意为“以……而骄傲”。
例如:
I am very proud of being a Chinese. 作为一名中国人我很自豪。
be proud to do sth. 意为“为做某事而骄傲”。
例如::
We are proud to be a league member. 我们为成为团员而骄傲。
8. absent
absent是形容词,意为“不在的;缺席的”。
例如:
How many students are absent today 今天有多少学生缺席?
Who is absent today 今天谁不在?
※ (1)absent的名词是absence,反义词是present,常用结构:be absent from…意为“缺席……”。与be away from…同义。
例如:
Love was totally absent/away from his childhood. 他童年时根本没有得到疼爱。
The manager is absent/away from the meeting. 经理缺席了会议。
(2)absent-minded意为“心不在焉的;健忘的”,可用作表语或定语。
例如:
He is always absent-minded. 他老是心不在焉。
三、必背经典句
1. I used to be afraid of the dark. 我过去常常前害怕黑暗。
2. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉。
3. I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends. 以前我常常花很多时间和我的朋友们玩游戏。
4. I hardly ever have time for concerts. 我几乎没有时间去听音乐会
5. My life has changed a lot in the last few years. 我的生活在过去几年里改变了很多。
6. It will make you stressed out. 那会使你紧张的。
7. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 玉梅似乎变化很大.
四、语法精讲
used to的用法
1. 基本结构
used to+动词原形,其中to是不定式符号。
2. 具体用法
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事,它没有人称和数的变化。
其用法有三:
(1) 表示过去存在而今不复存在的习惯行为或状态,意为:“过去常常”,其中to不定式符号,后接动词原形,表示今昔对比。
例如:
I used to walk to school, but now I am used to taking the school bus to school. 我过去常常走路上学,但现在我习惯坐校车上学。
(2) used to 与there be 结构连用,表示“过去存在的状态”,而现在不存在此类状态了。
例如:
There used to be a lot of trees here. 这里原来有许多树。(意味着现在没有了)
(3) used to 与always, often, sometimes等频度副词连用时,并非表示现在的动作或现在的习惯,仍表示过去习惯、过去经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态。
例如:
She used to write to her father with pens. 她过去经常用钢笔写信给她父亲。
3. used to 的句子结构
(1) used to的肯定句结构
主语+used to+动词原形……
例如:
I used to go to the cinema, but I never have time now. 我过去经常去看电影,但现在没有时间了。
(2) used to的否定句结构,其否定结构有两种形式。
① 主语+did not use to+动词原形……,这种否定句型,就是把used当做实义动词来看,所以变否定句要用助动词did,是美式英语用法。
例如:
You used to drink. →You didn’t use to drink.
② 主语+used not to+动词原形……,这种否定句是把used当做情态动词,变否定句直接在used后面加not即可,used not可以缩写成usedn’t,是英式英语用法。
例如:
The shop used to open on Sundays.→ The shop usedn’t to open on Sunday.
(3) used to的一般疑问句结构,其一般疑问句有两种形式。
① Did+主语+use to+动词原形……?这种一般疑问句,就是把used当做实义动词来看,所以变一般疑问句时要用助动词did,是美式英语用法。
例如:
I used to go swimming in the river when I was young.
→Did you use to go swimming in the river when you were young
② Used+主语+to+动词原形……?这种一般疑问句是把used当做情态动词,所以变一般疑问句时,直接把used提到句首,是英式英语用法。
例如:
He used to go to school by bike.→ Used he go to school by bike
(4) used to 的肯定和否定回答结构。
used to用于省略句时,肯定式保留to,否定式不保留to。
例如:
——Used you play basketball 你过去常打篮球吗?
——Yes, I used to. (No, I usedn't.) 是的,经常打。(不,不常打。)
(5) used to的反意疑问句,其反意疑问句有两种形式。
① 在附加疑问部分中借助于助动词did构成,这种反意疑问句,就是把used当做实义动词来看,所以变反意疑问句时要用助动词did,是美式英语用法。
例如:
She used to go to work by bus, didn’t she
She didn’t use to do it, did she
② 在附加疑问部分中直接使用usedn’t。这种反意疑问句是把used当做情态动词,所以变反意疑问句时,直接用used,是英式英语用法。
例如:
There used to be a bookshop here, usedn’t there
(6) used to通常不能与表示次数(如twice, three times 等)或一段时间(如three months, five years等)的词连用。
例如:
我去过巴黎3次。
正:I went to Paris three times.
误:I used to go to Paris three times.
4. used to相关词组辨析
(1) used to do sth. 意为“过去经常做某事”,其中的to是不定式符号,而不是介词,所以其后只接动词原形,不能接动名词。
例如:
He used to live in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。
(2) be used to doing sth. 意为“习惯于做某事”,其中的to是介词,所以其后要接名词或动名词,不能接动词原形;若要强调从不习惯到习惯的过程,用get, become 等代替动词be。
例如:
He is used to looking after himself. 他已习惯于自己照顾自己。
(3) be used to do sth. 意思是“被用来做某事”,其中to是不定式符号,所以其后要接动词原形,等于be used for doing sth.。
例如:
Knives are used to cut things.=Knives are used for cutting things. 小刀是用来切东西的。
(4) be used as sth. 意思是“被作为……用”。
例如:
This book can be used as a text book. 这本书可以被当作课本用。
(5) be used by sb. 意思是“被某人使用”。
例如:
The machine is used by workers. 这台机器是工人们使用的。
English is used by people in many countries. 英语被许多国家的人使用。
五、重点句子讲解
1. It’s been three years since we last saw our primary school classmates. 自从上次我们见到我们的小学同学以来已经有三年的时间了。
(1) “It’s been+一段时间+since+从旬”意为“自从…以来已经有多长时间了”还可表示为“It is+一段时间+ since+从句”
例如:
It has been five years since I began to learn English. =It’s five years since I began to learn English. 自从我开始学英语已经有5年的时间了。
(2) 此句为现在完成时的句子。现在完成时常与 since 引导的以某一时间为起点的时间状语或 for 引导的一段时间连用,谓语动词要用延续性动词。
例如:
She has lived in Beijing since 1998. 她从 1998 年起就住在北京。
We have known each other for five years. 我们已经认识彼此5年了。
2. Candy told me that she used to be really shy and took up singing to deal with her shyness. 坎迪告诉我她过去很害羞,然后开始唱歌来应对她的害羞。
(1) take up 在这里意为“学着做;开始做”,指开始某项工作、某种爱好,尤其指做以前未做过的事。take up doing sth. 意为“开始做某事”
例如:
He took up learning English at the age of forty. 他在四十岁时开始学英语。
He took up Spanish while in Spain. 当他在西班牙的时候,他开始学习西班牙语。
※ take up 的其他含义:
① 占据(时间、空间)
例如:
This work will take up a lot of my time. 这项工作将占据我很多时间。
② 继续做,接着..讲
例如:
I put the telephone down and took up the work again. 我放下电话,继续工作。
(3) deal意为”应对;处理”,其同义短语为 do with。
例如:
Have you dealt with these letters yet 这些信件你已经处理了吗
※ deal with 常和 how 连用,how 作 deal with 的状语;do with 常和 what 连用,what 作 do 的宾语。
例如:
Teenagers want to ask for some advice on how to deal with the trouble. 青少年想询问一些如何解决这些烦恼的建议。
Mom, what can Ido with the bad fish 妈妈,我应该怎样处理这条变质的鱼
(4) shyness 不可数名词,意为“害羞;腼腆”
例如:
Dancing helped her forget shyness. 跳舞帮助她忘记了羞怯。
Shy(形容词,羞怯的;腼腆的)+ness(名词后缀)→ shyness(名词,害羞;腼腆)
※ 以-ness 结尾的部分名词:
例如:
sadness悲伤 kindness善良 illness 疾病darkness 黑暗
3. Now she’s not shy anymore and loves singing in front of crowds. 现在她不再害羞,并且喜欢在观众面前唱歌。
not...anymore 意为“不再...",其同义短语有 no more,not...any longer, no longer.
例如:
He isn’t a teacher anymore. 他不再是一位老师了。
※ 辨析 not...any more 与 not...any longer
not...any more(=no more) 多指数量和程度上“不再”,常修饰非延续性动词,常用于将来时态。
not...any longer(=no longer)表示时间上或距离的“不再”,常修饰延续性动词,常用于现在时态。
例如:
He will no more go there. 他将不再去那里了
We don’t live here any longer.=We no longer live here. 我们不再住在这里了。
4. She explained that there are many good things, like being able to travel and meet new people all the time. 她解释说有许多好的事情,像能够旅行和总是见新面孔。
(1) that there are many good things 是由 that引导的宾语从句 ,在句中作explained的宾语。
(2) able 意为“能干的,有能力的”。ability 名词,意为“能力”。be able to 意为“能,会”
例如:
He is a very able businessman. 他是一个很有才干的商人。
He is a man of many abilities. 他是一个有多方面才能的人。
You must be able to speak French for this job. 做这项工作你必须会讲法语。
※ 辨析 be able to 与 can
be able to 表示客观能力,可用于各种时态
can 强调主观能力,仅用于一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态
5. You have to be prepared to give up your normal life. 你必须准备好放弃你的正常生活。
(1) be prepared to do sth.意为“准备好做某事;愿意做某事”,尤指做难做或通常不做的事情。
例如:
Are you prepared to give up freedom 你愿意放弃自由吗
※ be prepared for sth.意为“为某事做好准备”
例如:
I’m prepared for the exam. 我为考试做好了准备。
(2) give up 意为“放弃”,其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。give up 是“动词+副词”型短语,后接代词作宾语时,代词应置于give 与up之间。give up doing sth. 意为“放弃做某事”。
例如:
I can’t answer that puzzle. I give it up. 我猜不出那个谜语。我放弃它了。
Don’t give up studying English. 不要放弃学习英语。
6. Only a very small number of people make it to the top. 只有很少的人能攀上成功之巅。
a very small number 意为“极少数”后接复数名词。A number of意为“许多的”,相当于a lot of,起修饰作用,“a number of+可数名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
例如:
There are a number of ants on the ground. 地上有很多蚂蚁,
※ the number of...意为“.…….的数量”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:
The number of visitors to France has now increased. 去法国的游客数量现在已经增加了。
The number of the apples is 40. 这些苹果的数量是四十。
7. giving a speech in public 当众做演讲。
(1) give a speech 意为“做演讲”,相当于 make a speech。speech为可数名词,意为“讲话;发言“
例如:
They invited her to give a speech. 他们邀请她做演讲。
(2) in public 意为“当众,在公共场合”
例如:
It is not polite to stare at others in public. 在公共场合盯着别人看是不礼貌的。
8. It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school. 很难相信他过去在学校里有困难。
“It is hard to believe that 从句”意为“很难相信..”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式结构,其中 that引导的从句作 believe 的宾语。
例如:
It is hard to believe that she’s only nine. 很难相信她只有9岁。
9. Now I understand that even though they are busy , they are always thinking of me. 现在我理解了,即使他们很忙,他们也总是在想着我。
(1) 这是一个复合旬,that引导的是宾语从句。该宾语从句中又含有一个由even though引导的让步状语从句。
(2) even though 相当于even if,表示“即使;尽管”,引导让步状语从句。
例如:
Even though you take a taxi you will miss the train. 即使你乘坐出租车,你也将赶不上火车了。
(3) be always doing sth.意为“总是做某事”常用于表达说话人的某种情绪,如赞扬、不满、责备等。
例如:
He was always asking his parents for money. 他总是向他父母要钱。
She is always thinking of her parents. 她总是想着她的父母。
10. He take pride in everything good that I do. 他们为我做的每一件好事感到自豪。
(1) take pride in 意为“为.....感到自豪”,常用于因取得某种成绩或荣誉而感到自豪。
例如:
His father takes great pride in what he has done. 他父亲对他做的事情感到非常自豪。
(2) everything good 意为“每一件好事“。形容词 good 在这里作定语,修饰前面的不定代词 everything。形容词作定语修饰something, anything, nothing, everything 等不定代词时,形容词要放在这些不定代词的后面。
例如:
Here isn’t anything Interesting in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有任何有趣的东西。
I have something important to tell you. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。
There is nothing new in his house. 他家里没有什么新的东西。
六、作文积累
本单元的话题是“谈论生活变化”
典型例题:
1. 请你以Changes in people’s life为题描述最近几年人们生活上的变化。词数80词左右。
提示:
(1) 人们的联系方式、娱乐方式的改变
(2) 人们的出行方式及居住环境的改变
范文:
Changes in People’s Life
Great changes have taken place in people’s life in the last few years.
In the past people kept in touch with relatives or friends mainly by sending letters. They would listen to the radio for news and other information. Children used to go to school by bike. Big families had to share small rooms.
Now people can talk to others by telephone or on the internet at home. When they are free, they watch the news and other programs on TV. Some families are rich enough to send their children to school in their own cars. More and more people live in big and bright apartment with several rooms.
In a word, people live better than before.
2. 请以“I Have Changed A Lot!”为题,从外貌、性格、爱好或其他方面谈谈你这几年的变化。词数100词左右。
【提纲】列出外貌、性格、爱好或其他方面的变化。
范文:
I Have Changed a Lot!
Time goes by. I grow up every day. Of course I have changed a lot in the last few years. Let me show you my changes.
I used to be short and I often worried about it. But to my surprise, I’m much taller now. I think this change is really great. And I used to be very shy and quiet. I was always silent in class. When I talked to people, my face often turned red. Now I'm much more outgoing and that makes me more popular. Now I can give a speech for the whole school. I also make lots of friends. As for my hobby, I used to like reading books. But now I’m more interested in playing sports. That’s because doing sports is not only exciting but also helpful for my health.
Nowadays we students are too busy and under too much pressure. I used to hate the busy and boring school life. A year ago, my head teacher talked to me in person. He let me know the importance of study. That’s when I decided to change. Now I work harder than before. Both my parents and my teachers are proud of me. They take pride in everything I do. I also feel good about myself.
People sure change!I really believe my life will be better and better!

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