资源简介

2025年高中英语语法学习之定语从句
为什么重点讲述定语从句？
爱考：定语从句是英语考试中的高频考点，理解并掌握其用法可以提高考试成绩。
爱用：在日常写作和口语中，定语从句被广泛使用，能够增强语言表达的准确性和复杂性。
爱错：定语从句的使用容易出现错误，掌握其正确用法可以避免常见错误，提高语言水平。
定语从句的基本形式及其变形
基本形式：n/pron + 定语从句的引导词 + 不完整句子
变形：n/pron(先行词) + 定语从句的引导词 + 不完整句子(类比宾语从句)
只能用“that”的情况
all/nothing/little/much/few/none/等作先行词：
例句：Much that I learned in the book is very useful.
译文：我在这本书学到的大部分内容是非常有用的。
no/every/some/any/only/very/最高级/序数词 + 先行词：
例句：The only thing that you have to face is to pass every exams.
译文：你必须面对的唯一一件事情就是通过每一次的考试。
关系代词在从句中作表语时，必须用“that”作引导词：
例句：He doesn't seem to be the man that he was.
定语从句是“there be”结构时，其前的关系代词必须是“that”：
例句：The number of mistakes that there are in this homework is surprising.
限定性和非限定性定语从句
限定性定语从句：关系代词前有限定词，则不能用that引导；先行词是人，则用whom；先行词是物，则用which。
非限定性定语从句：永远不出现that；先行词是物，则用which；先行词是人，则用who/whom。
关系代词与关系副词的选择
判断方法：看引导词在句子中所充当的成分。充当名词性成分，使用关系代词；充当状语成分，使用关系副词。
关系副词：包括where、when、while、how。
琐碎的考察
先行词是“the way”时，用that/which，不用how。
引导词作介词的宾语时，用which不用that。
the same as/that对比，用as表示相似，同类事物；用that表示同一个，同一事物。
爱用定语从句的例子
Pumas are large, cat-like animals, which are found in America.
LH is young, a student, who is from China.
排比句型与定语从句的结合
例句：College is a fountain where some students come to drink, some to sip, and most come to gargle.
分析：通过排比手法，使用不同的词汇描述了学生对大学的不同态度。
常见错误
从句多了主语、宾语：
错误例句：Chemistry is a science that it deals with the composition and properties of substances.
改正：去掉"it"。
从句少了主语、prep.：
错误例句：He is the professor gave us a speech yesterday.
改正：He is the professor who gave us a speech yesterday.
专项练习的答案解析：
1.Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, from east to west. Those which run from north to south are called avenues.
答案：which
解析：在这个句子中，先行词是“streets”，定语从句“run from north to south”修饰先行词，关系代词“which”在从句中作主语。
2.This is the case, where he’s had all his money stolen.
答案：where
解析：在这个句子中，“case”是先行词，定语从句是“he’s had all his money stolen”，关系副词“where”在从句中作地点状语。
3.Mr. Smith will pay a visit to Beijing this autumn, where we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008.
答案：where
解析：在这个句子中，“Beijing”是先行词，定语从句是“we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2008”，关系副词“where”在从句中作地点状语。
4.The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything that the little girl asks him to.
答案：that
解析：在这个句子中，“anything”是先行词，定语从句是“the little girl asks him to”，关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语。
5.— How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin — Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one whose telephone number is provided.
答案：whose
解析：在这个句子中，“one”是指代某个旅行代理，定语从句是“whose telephone number is provided”，关系代词“whose”在从句中作定语，修饰“telephone number”。
6.October 15th is my birthday, which I will never forget.
答案：which
解析：在这个句子中，“October 15th”是先行词，定语从句是“I will never forget”，关系代词“which”在从句中作宾语。
4.The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point where he can walk correctly and safely.
答案：where
解析：在这个句子中，“point”是先行词，定语从句是“he can walk correctly and safely”，关系副词“where”在从句中作地点状语。
8.There are several research centers in China where a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.
答案：where
解析：在这个句子中，“centers”是先行词，定语从句是“a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied”，关系副词“where”在从句中作地点状语。
9.I hope that the little that I have been able to do does good to them all.
答案：that
解析：在这个句子中，“little”是先行词，定语从句是“I have been able to do”，关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语。
10.The time is not far away when modern communications will become widespread in China’s vast countryside.
答案：when
解析：在这个句子中，“time”是先行词，定语从句是“modern communications will become widespread in China’s vast countryside”，关系副词“when”在从句中作时间状语。
11.As is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. We must unify it.
答案：As
解析：在这个句子中，先行词是整个主句“Taiwan is a part of China”，定语从句是“is known to everybody”，关系代词“as”在从句中作主语。
12.I shall never forget the day when Shen Zhou V was launched, which has a great effect on my life.
答案：when, which
解析：在这个句子中，“day”是先行词，第一个定语从句是“Shen Zhou V was launched”，关系副词“when”在从句中作时间状语；第二个定语从句是“has a great effect on my life”，关系代词“which”在从句中作主语。
13.The bread my wife makes is much better than that you can buy at a store.
答案：that
解析：在这个句子中，先行词是“bread”，定语从句是“you can buy at a store”，关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语。
14.There is no such place as you dream of in all this world.
答案：as
解析：在这个句子中，先行词是“place”，定语从句是“you dream of”，关系代词“as”在从句中作宾语。
15.The people, all of whose homes had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
答案：all of whose homes
解析：在这个句子中，“people”是先行词，定语从句是“all of whose homes had been damaged by the flood”，关系代词“whose”在从句中作定语，修饰“homes”。
16.The humans are destroying nature day by day, which of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.
答案：which
解析：在这个句子中，先行词是整个主句“The humans are destroying nature day by day”，定语从句是“will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later”，关系代词“which”在从句中作主语。
17.Is this the research center where you visited the modern equipment last year
答案：where
解析：在这个句子中，“research center”是先行词，定语从句是“you visited the modern equipment last year”，关系副词“where”在从句中作地点状语。
18.Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old when they swam in it.
答案：when
解析：在这个句子中，“days”是先行词，定语从句是“they swam in it”，关系副词“when”在从句中作时间状语。

展开更多......

收起↑