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Unit3 LearningAbout Language(2)
课时内容
Discover useful structures
主题语境：人与自然 主题群：自然生态
子主题：城市中的国家公园 语篇类型：介绍性说明文
文本分析：本节语言学习课的主题是介绍一个出游目的地，用动词-ing形式作主语描述具体 行为或习惯等。学习活动分为四个环节：活动一是识别动词-ing形式在句子中的语法功能； 活动二是用动词-ing 形式改写句子，区别it作形式主语和动词-ing形式作主语在意义上的侧 重点；活动三是在语篇中运用动词-ing 形式，在运用中习得语法知识；活动四是运用动词-ing 形式介绍为学校出游选择的目的地，深化对主题意义的学习和理解。
课时目标
学完本课后，学生能够：
1.理解和掌握动词-ing 形式作主语的功能和意义。
2 . 区别it 作形式主语和动词-ing 形式作主语在意义上的侧重点。
3.归纳、总结动词-ing形式的用法并能够运用动词ing 形式介绍为学校出游选择的目的地。 4.理解西溪湿地公园的语篇结构和语言特点，懂得平衡经济发展与保护自然环境的重要意 义。
重点难点 重点
理解 it作形式主语和动词-ing形式作主语在意义上的侧重点的不同。 难点
运用动词-ing 形式模仿西溪湿地公园语篇描述为学校出游选择的目的地。
教学准备 教师准备
动词-ing形式作主语的练习。 学生准备
1.预习动词-ing 形式作主语的相关语法知识。
2. 多渠道了解西溪湿地公园。
精彩课堂
Step1学习理解
活动一：感知与注意 Read and recognise.
Ask students to read the sentences and identify the function of the -ing form in each sentence below.
·Getting here is quite difficult,so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek. ·Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
Suggested answer:
The ing forms are used as the subject in the two sentences.
【设计意图】在句子语境中初步认识动词-ing 形式作主语的特征。 活动二：获取与梳理
1.Ask students to find more sentences with the -ing forms from the reading text and state their functions.
Suggested answers:
①I wake up to the sound of the wind buffeting the cloth of my tent.(attribute)
② Even though the sun is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. (subject)
③Checking my watch,I see that itis 7:30 a.m.(adverbial)
④Spreading out before me,branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.(adverbial)
⑤ Around 9,000 years ago,this ice melted,leaving behind about100 glaciers.(adverbial)
⑥ For hundreds of years,looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami.(subject)
⑦They used the reindeer's meat for food,their bones for tools,and their skin for making clothes and tents.(object)
⑧But every spring,a small number of Sami still follow their reindeer into the valleys of Sarek, living in tents or old cottages and enjoying their traditions.(adverbial)
⑨For example,this morning my breakfast is flat bread warmed over a fire,dried reindeer meat, and some sweet and sour berries that I found growing near my tent.(complement)
⑩ Here I am,alone under this broad sky,breathing the fresh air,and enjoying this great adventure.(adverbials)
2.Ask students to rewrite each of the sentences using the-ing form as the subject and then have them think about the question:How does the sentence focus change (Activity 2)
Suggested answers:
①Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding.
②Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extreme cold.
③Honestly,exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying.
④Adopting a positive attitude is good,even when things are difficult.
⑤Hiring local guides is strongly advised,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history.
3.Ask students to do the following exercises.
①Even though the sun is brightly shining,telling whether it is morning or night (be)impossible
②For hundreds of years,looking after reindeer (be)away of life for the Sami.
③At Xixi,taking a boat tour,walking along paths,and experiencing local customs and traditions of the villages in this park (be)at the top of the list of people's favourite activities.
④Combining city life,nature,and wetlands (make)the park a popular destination both for
tourists and local residents.
⑤ (Tom 的迟到)made his mom very angry.
⑥ (她的离去)sorrowed her father.
Suggested answers:
①is②was ③are ④makes ⑤Tom's being late⑥Her leaving
4.Ask students to draw a mind map.
Suggested answer:
(
基本构成：
基本
用法
) (
动词原形+-
ing
放句首，表示经常性或习惯性的动作：
谓语动词常用单数。
it
作形式主语放句首：
>It is a
waste of
time
doing…
做……
是浪费时间的。
>It is no good/use doing...
做……是没好
处/用处的。
>It
is
worth
doing...
做……是值得的。
) (
>
形
容
词
性
物
主
代
词
+
动
词
-
ing
>
名
词
所
有
格
+
动
词
-
ing
》人称代词的宾格+动词
-
ing
> 用
it
作形式主语前置、动词-
ing
形式作主语后
置时，句子侧重于表语部分，强调行为的特
征、状态或给人的感受。
>动词-
ing
形式作主语前置时，句子侧重
于主
语部分，强调行为本身的具体内容，使句子
更加生动。
动词-
ing
形式放句首
作主语与
it
作形式
主
语放句首的区别
动词-
ing
形式
的复合结构
动词-
ing
形
式作主语
)
【设计意图】通过复习课文句子，体会动词-ing形式的语用功能；通过对比练习，归纳动词 -ing 形式在语用上的侧重点；通过思维导图归纳、总结动词-ing形式作主语的用法，引导学 生在句子语境中加深对动词-ing形式作主语的理解。
Stepll 应用实践
活动三：内化与运用
1.Ask students to complete the sentences with the -ing form of the verbs in the box.
(
cry finish
talk
lear
n
ski
get
)
① is a very popular sport in northern China.What other winter sports do you know
②. over spilt milk will not help you much.What helps,though
③ English is quite interesting for me.What is interesting for you
④Just _homework is not enough to get a good grade. What else do you need to do
⑤. a high GPA (grade point average)will make it easier for you to enter a university.What else will also help
⑥ on a phone while driving is illegal.What else is prohibited
Suggested answers:
①Skiing ②Crying ③Learning ④finishing ⑤Getting ⑥Talking
2.Ask students to translate the following sentences using the -ing form.
①从初中过渡到高中确实是一项巨大的挑战。
②英语考试不及格使我陷入无助的境地。但是，我知道哭是没用的。 因此，我擦干眼泪，决定更加努力地学习。
③和他辩论这个问题是浪费时间。
④听中文歌曲和读中文故事是提高你的中文的好办法。
Suggested answers:
①Going from junior high school to senior high school is really a big challenge.
②Failing in the English exam threw me into a world of helplessness.But I know it was no use crying.So I dried my tears and decided to study harder.
③It is a waste of time debating with him over the problem.
④Listening to Chinese songs and reading Chinese stories are good ways to improve your Chinese. 2.Ask students to translate the Chinese in brackets into English to complete the passage.Have
them use the -ing form where possible.
Travelling to cold,dark,and remote Arctic Norway in mid-winter (在隆冬季节去寒冷、黑 暗而偏远的北极圈内的挪威旅游)can be① (激动人心的)especially for those ② (寻求完全不一样的体验).③ (意识到)the lack of daylight and difficulties in transport is extremely important.Last January,we found a few mountain passes were closed,so ④ ( 走 动 )was not easy,but ⑤ ( 欣 赏 ) the northern lights was an incredible experience.⑥ (在线订交通和宾馆) did help a lot.⑦ (想出如何拍照)in low light actually took us quite some time during our ⑧ (筹划) stage.Finally⑨ . (雇一位当地的导游)was necessary and helpful for this trip.
Suggested answers:
①fascinating ②looking for totally different experiences ③Realising
④moving around ⑤appreciating ⑥Booking transportation and hotels online
⑦Figuring out how to take pictures ⑧planning ⑨hiring a local tour guide
十 · 十
4.Ask students to fill in each blank using the -ing form of a verb from the box and state its function.Tell them that one word will be used twice.(Activity 3)
Suggested answers:
covering (attribute);Combining (subject);taking (subject);walking (subject);experiencing
(subject);growing (attribute);limiting (subject);growing (attribute)
【设计意图】通过多种模式的练习，加深学生对动词-ing 形式的综合理解，提高学生在语境
中运用动词-ing形式的能力，真正做到语法知识“形式-意义-使用”的统一。 StepⅢI 迁移创新
活动四：推理与论证
1.Read for specific information.
Ask students to read the passage (Activity 3)again,and then have them fill in the blank
Xixi National Wetland Park-Green Lungs of Hangzhou
Location in ①
Size ② square kilometres
Features ③the national wetland park in China ④combine ,and wetlands ⑤_ and colourful growing along the riversides ⑥new buildings designed in and ⑦home to mnany ⑧trees growing in the ,providing clean and producing
Activities ⑨take a 10walk along 1①experience
Suggested answers:
①western Hangzhou ②10③first④city life;nature
⑤trees;bushes;flowers ⑥a traditional way ⑦birds;fishes
local customs and traditions of the villages
2.Work in groups.
Ask students to discuss the following two questions with their partners and share their ideas with the whole class.
·What makes Xixi National Wetland Park the "green lungs of Hangzhou" ·Is it possible to develop and preserve nature at the same time
【设计意图】在城市中感受国家公园带给人类的迷人的自然景观与和谐的美好生活，思考、 绿色公园走进城市的意义。
活动五：想象与创造
T:Imagine that your school is going to make a school trip.Where would you want to go Why do you choose it as your destination Use the passage of Xixi National Wetland Park as an example and write about your choice.Try to use-ing forms in a proper way to highlight your writing.
Suggested answer:
With the colourful scenery and wonderful hiking trails,taking a trip to Danxia Geothermal Park in Gansu Province is one of the highlights of any trip to the northwestern part of China.You're welcome to visit!It is near the city of Zhangye in Gansu Province,my hometown and where my
school is,and it covers about 510 square kilometres.Forming of the rocks took many millions of years and involved many kinds of erosion such as wind and water on the red sandstone.What encourages thousands of people to come here each year is the natural beauty of the rocks. Walking around the park will allow you to see iridescent tall peaks,deep cave holes,and stone halls.Visiting the colourful,magical rock formations in person will surely be an unforgettable experience and one you will share with friends and family for years to come.
【设计意图】学生在新的语境中运用动词-ing 形式推荐一处适合学校出游的目的地，有助于 学生准确把握动词-ing 形式的用法，同时加深对单元主题的理解。

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