资源简介

Section Ⅴ　Extended reading
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．The importance of diverse sports.
B．The spirits demonstrated in the sports idioms.
C．The relationship between sports and people’s life.
D．The origin，the meaning and the usage of some English idioms from sports.
答案　D
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．Why are sports idioms common in everyday language
A．Because sport has a long history.
B．Because people are interested in sports.
C．Because there are a lot of sports events.
D．Because sport plays an important part in daily life.
答案　D
2．What can you say if a local council makes a decision which backfires
A．It is below the belt.
B．It throws in the towel.
C．It scores an own goal.
D．It throws someone a curveball.
答案　C
3．Which situation can be described by using the idiom “Three strikes and you are out”？
A．You lose three points in a baseball match.
B．It is the third time that you have succeeded in scoring.
C．It is the third time that you have failed in a job interview.
D．You have participated in baseball matches for three times.
答案　C
4．Which word can replace the word “ring” in the last paragraph but one
A．Stage. B．Stadium.
C．Playground. D．Competition area.
答案　D
5．What is the author’s purpose of introducing these sports idioms
A．To warn readers not to use idioms at random.
B．To provide some interesting information to amuse readers.
C．To make readers aware of the importance of sports and idioms.
D．To encourage readers to use as many sports idioms as possible.
答案　C
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
Sports idioms
There are lots of sports idioms in everyday language.Let’s take a look at some of them!
The English language is full of idioms 1.that/which are thought to have come from football.“Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally 2.kicking(kick) or heading the ball into one’s own net.
Baseball has given the English language many different idioms.The venue where a baseball game is played 3.is called(call) a ballpark.So，even if we do not know 4.exactly(exact) where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.5.For this reason，people use the expression “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate” to talk about rough estimates.Another common baseball expression is “throwing someone a curveball”．We use this expression 6.to describe(describe) things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to.“Three strikes and you are out” is an idiom that comes from baseball.This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three 7.chances(chance)．
English also has 8.a large number of idioms connected with boxing，which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.“Throwing in the towel” is a common idiom that comes from boxing.
Sport is 9.challenging(challenge) and so is life.However，when you are thrown a curveball，do not throw in the towel—work hard，be careful not to score an own goal，and you are sure to make 10.it!
Ⅰ.补句子　析结构
1．Since sport is an inseparable part of day-to-day life，there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.(P25，Para.1)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。Since引导原因状语从句；主句使用了there be倒装句式；that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词lots of sports idioms。
汉语翻译：由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分，许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。
2．An insurance salesman who is about to reach(reach) his annual sales target，only for the company to make(make) the target higher，could rightly complain about the company moving the goalposts.(P25，Para.3)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词An insurance salesman。
汉语翻译：如果一位保险销售员就快达到年度销售目标了，而公司却在这时提高了销售目标，那么他就可以正当地抱怨公司move the goalposts。
3．“Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally(accident) kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net，and it is one of the worst(bad) things that can happen to a football player.(P25，Para.4)
结构分析：此句是and连接的并列复合句。在前一分句中，“Scoring an own goal” in football为动名词短语作主语；kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net在句中作宾语；在后一分句中，that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词one of the worst things.
汉语翻译：在足球中，进乌龙球的意思是不小心将球踢进或顶进了自己队的球门，而这是一名球员所能遇到的最糟糕的情况之一。
4．You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a decision(decide) which backfires terribly！(P26，Para.4)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。when引导时间状语从句，which 引导限制性定语从句。
汉语翻译：如果地方议会作出了一项决策，结果却适得其反，那么你也许就会在报纸上看到这个说法！
5．So，even if we do not know exactly(exact) where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.(P26，Para.5)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。even if引导让步状语从句，其中where引导宾语从句；主句中that引导宾语从句。
汉语翻译：因此，即便我们在棒球比赛中并不知道球的准确位置，我们仍然可以认定它就在球场内的某处。
6．This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting(waste) three chances.(P26，Para.6)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词situations。
汉语翻译：这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。
7．English also has a large number of idioms(idiom) connected with boxing，which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.(P26，Para.7)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。connected with boxing为过去分词短语作后置定语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词boxing。
汉语翻译：英语中也有大量习语与拳击有关，这是一项数千年来一直很受欢迎的运动。
8．When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused to give(give) up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.(P26，Para.8)
结构分析：此句是主从复合句。When引导时间状语从句；to end the fight为不定式作目的状语。
汉语翻译：当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太过疲惫或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。
Ⅱ.研典句　学用法
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done
The English language is full of idioms which are thought to have come from football.(P25，Para.2)
英语中有许多习语被认为源自足球。
If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests，they are said to have scored an own goal.(P25，Para.4)
如果有人犯下了无意中损害自身利益的严重错误，那么人们就会说，这样的人是在进乌龙球。
结构分析：这两句话中都包含句型“sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done”。在第一句中，which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词idioms；在第二句中If 引导条件状语从句，其中which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mistake。
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————句型it be＋v.-ed＋that...可以转换成：
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to do
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to be doing
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
(1)据说这个裁缝现在正在国外学习，这将会帮他制造出更加时尚的衣服。
①It is said that the tailor is studying abroad now，which will help him make more fashionable clothes.
②The tailor is said to be studying abroad now，which will help him make more fashionable clothes.
(2)据报道，科学家们已经发现了吸烟和肺癌之间的联系。
①It is reported that scientists have established a connection between smoking and lung cancer.
②Scientists are reported to have established a connection between smoking and lung cancer.
课文重点词块默写 1．日常生活中不可缺失的一部分an inseparable part of day-to-day life 2．看看take a look at 3．有机会进球have a chance to score 4．抱怨complain about 5．进球score a goal 6．做决定make a decision 7．应对respond to 8．努力/尝试做某事make attempts to do sth 9．大量a large number of 10．独自on one’s own 11．承认失败admit defeat 12．成功；做到make it
训练5　Extended reading　[分值：62.5分]
Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(共15分)
(应用文写作——参加足球队)
1．杰克的父母反对他加入学校足球队，这让他很苦恼。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)
Jack’s parents opposed his joining the school football team，which made him upset.
2．他的父母埋怨踢足球可能会给学习带来负面影响。(complain；that引导的宾语从句)
His parents complained that playing football might have a negative effect on studies.
3．但杰克觉得尽管踢足球可能会占很多时间，我们应该正确客观地看待足球带来的影响。(even if引导让步状语从句；keep sth in perspective)
But Jack believed that even if playing football might take up much time，we should keep the effects of football in perspective.
4．通常情况下，是否有时间踢足球是和时间安排相关的。(as 引导的非限制性定语从句)
As was often the case，whether he had time to play football was related to his time arrangements.
5．下定决心并充满信心，杰克将尽力说服父母改变他们的想法。(形容词短语作状语)
Determined and confident，Jack would try to persuade his parents to change their minds.
组句成篇　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。
Jack has a passion for playing football.But Jack’s parents opposed his joining the school football team，which made him upset.His parents complained that playing football might have a negative effect on studies.Besides，they thought playing football might take up Jack too much time，leaving him less time to study.But Jack believed that even if playing football might take up much time，we should keep the effects of football in perspective.As was often the case，whether he had time to play football was related to his time arrangements.Determined and confident，Jack would try to persuade his parents to change their minds.
Ⅱ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Every Saturday morning，at 9 am，more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5 km around their local park.The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad.The events are free，staffed by thousands of volunteers.Runners range from four years old to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeley’s world record of 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.
Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic “legacy(传承)” is failing.Ten years ago on Monday，it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympics would be to inspire a nation of sport lovers away from their couches(沙发)．The population would be fitter，healthier and produce more winners.It has not happened.Officials are still wondering why London Olympics failed to “inspire a generation”．The success of Parkrun offers answers.
Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock.This kind of sport welcomes anybody.Both new runners and champion runners can have a lot of fun.The Olympic Games，by contrast，wanted to produce more elite athletes.The stress on success kept newcomers from taking part.
In fact，state involvement in planning community sports associations is a bit overdone.If there is a role for government，it should really be getting involved in providing common goods—making sure there is space for playing fields and the money to build tennis and netball courts，and encouraging all these activities in schools.But all the while governments have been busy with selling green spaces，taking money from local authorities and declining attention on sports in education.Instead of wordy，worthy strategies，future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sports to develop，or at least not make them worse.
语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在越来越多的人们喜欢围绕着公园跑步，以起到运动和锻炼身体的作用，政府也应该加大与运动有关的基础设施建设以鼓励全民运动。
1．What does the author want to show about Parkrun in the first paragraph
A．Its history. B．Its difficulty.
C．Its popularity. D．Its development.
答案　C
解析　段落大意题。根据第一段内容，尤其是前两句和最后一句可知，本段主要介绍了公园跑步的受欢迎程度。故选C。
2．What can we infer about the Games of the 30th Olympics
A．It promoted national sport participation.
B．It didn’t bring citizens the expected benefits.
C．It helped popularize the Parkrun movement.
D．Its organizers found the answer to the failure in the Games.
答案　B
解析　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Parkrun is succeeding where London’s Olympic ‘legacy(传承)’ is failing...It has not happened.”可推断，第三十届伦敦奥运会并没有给市民带来它所宣称的益处。故选B。
3．What does the underlined word “elite” in paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Intelligent. B．Brave.
C．Excellent. D．Healthy.
答案　C
解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段画线词后文“The stress on success kept newcomers from taking part.”可推断，画线词所在句意为“相比之下，奥运会希望培养更多的精英运动员”，画线词词义与Excellent相近。故选C。
4．What should governments do about sports according to the author
A．Sell or take up green spaces.
B．Pay less attention to sports in education.
C．Organize community sports associations.
D．Provide the right conditions for sports to develop.
答案　D
解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Instead of wordy，worthy strategies，future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sports to develop，or at least not make them worse.”可知，政府应该为体育发展提供更多的便利条件。故选D。
B
David Brown is known as the world’s fastest completely blind runner.He was diagnosed with Kawasaki disease at 15 months old，which led him to completely lose his sight by age 13.
Brown says he was living in fear for a number of years until he discovered his passion for running.After winning an essay contest，he earned the ticket for the Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.It was at that time that he knew he wanted to compete himself.
Paralympic runners train and compete alongside sighted guides.At the Rio Games in 2016，Brown and his partner Jerome Avery ran 10.99 in the men’s 100-meter dash to take home the gold.Brown made his way to running from another sport.He explains that he lost his left eye when he was 3，and lost vision in his right eye over time.He played basketball as a kid，but was increasingly getting injured because he couldn’t see the ball coming.“I took the opportunity to run on the playground，and realized I had some speed there，” he says.
He pursued his passion at the Missouri School for the Blind.Brown started at the school when he was 11，and it was there that he really started running track.
He got to his first Paralympic games by writing about running.Brown was one of the 25 winners of an essay contest that got to attend the event in Beijing.He says he wrote about how he used sports to overcome obstacles，noting that as he grew up he struggled with depression.
It’s important to be in sync with your running partner.His new partner Steward says he doesn’t have to slow down when running with Brown，because he’s fast.A 10- or 11-second race doesn’t require much speaking，Steward says.“It’s also an honor，” Brown says.He notes that Paralympic runners can’t do what they do without guides like Steward，who could theoretically run solo but choose not to.He calls it “a great honor”．
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了大卫·布朗是世界上跑得最快的全盲运动员。他在15个月大时被诊断出患有川崎病，导致他在13岁时完全失明。文章讲述了他的个人经历以及成就。
5．What made David Brown decide to take part in the competition himself
A．Winning an essay contest.
B．Winning an Olympic medal.
C．Attending the 2008 Olympics.
D．Attending the Missouri School.
答案　C
解析　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“After winning an essay contest，he earned the ticket for the Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.It was at that time that he knew he wanted to compete himself.”可知，参加2008年奥运会使大卫·布朗决定亲自参加比赛。故选C。
6．What made David Brown change from basketball to running
A．His change in personal interest.
B．The decline and loss of his vision.
C．The diagnosis with Kawasaki disease.
D．His participation in his first Paralympic games.
答案　B
解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He explains that he lost his left eye when he was 3...and realized I had some speed there”可知，视力的衰退和丧失让大卫·布朗从篮球转向跑步。故选B。
7．What can we know about David Brown’s essay
A．It was inspiring.
B．It was interesting.
C．It was pessimistic.
D．It was depressing.
答案　A
解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“He got to his first Paralympic games by writing about running...noting that as he grew up he struggled with depression.”可知，大卫·布朗的文章很鼓舞人心。故选A。
8．Which proverb best describes David Brown’s story
A．All roads lead to Rome.
B．Every dog has its day.
C．Where there is a will，there is a way.
D．Hope for the best，prepare for the worst.
答案　C
解析　推理判断题。根据第一段内容并结合全文可知，大卫·布朗在15个月大时被诊断出患有川崎病，导致他在13岁时完全失明，但凭借对跑步的热情，克服了困难，赢得了奥运会金牌。由此可推知，“有志者，事竟成”最能描述他的故事。故选C。
Ⅲ.七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
How to Learn Several Languages at a Time
Learning a new language is a challenging and wonderfully rewarding experience.At some point，you may find yourself needing or wanting to learn several languages at the same time. 1 However，it also allows you to challenge your brain and take advantage of the similarities and differences between the languages you’re learning.
2 If you have a choice，choose to learn one language that is easier for you，and another or others that are more difficult.An easier language will be one that is similar to your native language or another language that you know，while a more difficult language will be one that is less similar.
Make one language your priority. 3 This way，at the end of your hard work，you are more likely to be skilled in at least one of your languages，rather than only knowing a small amount of each of them.
Translate between the languages you’re learning.One way to keep all the languages you are learning active in your mind is to try translating between them，rather than translating them back to your native language. 4
Add all of the languages to a language-learning app or website.Several language-learning apps and websites，such as Duolingo，Memrise，Clozemaster，Anki and Lingvist allow you to add several languages at once. 5 This way，when you are on-the-go，you have quick access to a way to study any of the languages you are trying to learn.
A．This process can be very difficult.
B．Choose languages that vary in difficulty.
C．Study the same topic in all of the languages.
D．You can use a website to find a group like this.
E．This can help you understand the languages on a deeper level.
F．It is helpful to give one of the languages the most time and attention.
G．Download an app，and then add all of your languages，if they are available on it.
1．答案　A
解析　上文说学一门新语言就具有挑战性，而有时需要同时学几种语言。选项A 承接上文，说明同时学习几种语言的过程是非常困难的，同时与下文中同时学习几种语言的好处形成转折。 故选A。
2．答案　B
解析　空格处是本段主题句，本段下文建议选择几门难度不同的语言，选项B 引领概括下文。故选B。
3．答案　F
解析　上文“Make one language your priority.”建议优先对待某一门语言，选项F承接上文，说明可以对某一门语言投入最多的时间和精力，同时引出下文这样做的好处。故选F。
4．答案　E
解析　上文“One way to keep all the languages...rather than translating them back to your native language.”建议在新语言之间互译，而不是回到母语，选项E“这能帮助你更深入地理解这几门语言”承接上文，是上文所建议方法的结果。故选E。
5．答案　G
解析　上文“Several language-learning apps... allow you to add several languages at once.”提供了一些语言学习的程序和网站，并说明有些程序上可以添加几种语言，选项G 承接上文，建议下载程序添加语言。故选G。
Ⅳ.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)
The Trans-Siberian Railway is a well-known train route in the world.Thousands of travelers pack their suitcases every year into a train cabin(车厢) 1. will take them from Moscow to Vladivostok.2. (be) the longest railway in the world，the Trans-Siberian Railway connects Moscow 3. Vladivostok，covers 9,288 km and crosses eight time zones.
The Trans-Siberian Railway 4. (build) at the beginning of the 20th century and is one of the best 5. (option) for discovering part of the world.This journey offers 6.__________(impress) landscapes during the five to seven days of travel，with stops in the Gobi Desert or Lake Baikal.Once 7. (complete)，the Trans-Siberian Railway became famous to the whole world.Since then，it has been attracting many travelers desiring 8. (see) the amazing engineering and experience the journey.At the same time，the Trans-Siberian regular trains are 9. (usual) used by locals for their commuting(通勤) needs，so it is 10.____________ excellent way to get to know the local life.It combines romantic ideas about traveling with absolutely incomparable landscapes.All this makes the trip once-in-a-lifetime adventure.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西伯利亚大铁路是世界上最长的铁路，连接莫斯科和符拉迪沃斯托克 海参崴 ，全长9 288公里，跨越8个时区。
1．答案　which/that
解析　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a train cabin，在从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。
2．答案　Being
解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，be与逻辑主语the Trans-Siberian Railway构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Being。
3．答案　to/with
解析　考查介词。表示“和……连接”短语为connect...to/with...，故填to/with。
4．答案　was built
解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文at the beginning of the 20th century可知，为一般过去时的被动语态，主语为The Trans-Siberian，谓语用单数。故填was built。
5．答案　options
解析　考查名词复数。option为可数名词，此处为“one of＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”结构。故填options。
6．答案　impressive
解析　考查形容词。修饰名词landscapes应用形容词作定语。根据句意，此处意为“令人赞叹的”，故填impressive。
7．答案　completed
解析　考查非谓语动词。此处为状语从句的省略，从句的主语与主句的主语一致，省略从句的主语和be动词，且动词与主语之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填completed。
8．答案　to see
解析　考查非谓语动词。desire to do sth表示“渴望做某事”。故填to see。
9．答案　usually
解析　考查副词。修饰动词are used应用副词usually，作状语。故填usually。
10．答案　an
解析　考查冠词。way此处为泛指，且excellent的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。Section Ⅴ　Extended reading
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A．The importance of diverse sports.
B．The spirits demonstrated in the sports idioms.
C．The relationship between sports and people’s life.
D．The origin，the meaning and the usage of some English idioms from sports.
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1．Why are sports idioms common in everyday language
A．Because sport has a long history.
B．Because people are interested in sports.
C．Because there are a lot of sports events.
D．Because sport plays an important part in daily life.
2．What can you say if a local council makes a decision which backfires
A．It is below the belt.
B．It throws in the towel.
C．It scores an own goal.
D．It throws someone a curveball.
3．Which situation can be described by using the idiom “Three strikes and you are out”？
A．You lose three points in a baseball match.
B．It is the third time that you have succeeded in scoring.
C．It is the third time that you have failed in a job interview.
D．You have participated in baseball matches for three times.
4．Which word can replace the word “ring” in the last paragraph but one
A．Stage. B．Stadium.
C．Playground. D．Competition area.
5．What is the author’s purpose of introducing these sports idioms
A．To warn readers not to use idioms at random.
B．To provide some interesting information to amuse readers.
C．To make readers aware of the importance of sports and idioms.
D．To encourage readers to use as many sports idioms as possible.
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
Sports idioms
There are lots of sports idioms in everyday language.Let’s take a look at some of them!
The English language is full of idioms 1. are thought to have come from football.“Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally 2. (kick) or heading the ball into one’s own net.
Baseball has given the English language many different idioms.The venue where a baseball game is played 3. (call) a ballpark.So，even if we do not know 4. (exact) where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.5. this reason，people use the expression “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate” to talk about rough estimates.Another common baseball expression is “throwing someone a curveball”．We use this expression 6. (describe) things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to.“Three strikes and you are out” is an idiom that comes from baseball.This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three 7. (chance)．
English also has 8. large number of idioms connected with boxing，which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.“Throwing in the towel” is a common idiom that comes from boxing.
Sport is 9. (challenge) and so is life.However，when you are thrown a curveball，do not throw in the towel—work hard，be careful not to score an own goal，and you are sure to make 10. ！
Ⅰ.补句子　析结构
1．Since sport is inseparable part of day-to-day life，there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.(P25，Para.1)
结构分析：此句是 句。Since引导 从句；主句使用了 倒装句式；that引导 从句，修饰先行词 。
汉语翻译：
2．An insurance salesman who is about (reach) his annual sales target，only for the company (make) the target higher，could rightly complain the company moving the goalposts.(P25，Para.3)
结构分析：此句是 句。who引导 从句，修饰先行词 。
汉语翻译：
3．“Scoring an own goal” in football means (accident) kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net，and it is one of the (bad) things that can happen to a football player.(P25，Para.4)
结构分析：此句是and连接的 句。在前一分句中，“Scoring an own goal” in football为 作主语；kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net在句中作 ；在后一分句中，that引导 从句，修饰先行词 ．
汉语翻译：
4．You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a (decide) which backfires terribly！(P26，Para.4)
结构分析：此句是 句。when引导 从句，which 引导 从句。
汉语翻译：
5．So，even if we do not know (exact) where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.(P26，Para.5)
结构分析：此句是 句。even if引导 从句，其中where引导 从句；主句中that引导 从句。
汉语翻译：
6．This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after (waste) three chances.(P26，Para.6)
结构分析：此句是 句。where引导 从句，修饰先行词 。
汉语翻译：
7．English also has a large number of (idiom) connected with boxing，which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.(P26，Para.7)
结构分析：此句是 句。connected with boxing为过去分词短语作 ；which引导 从句，修饰先行词boxing。
汉语翻译：
8．When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused (give) up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.(P26，Para.8)
结构分析：此句是 句。When引导 从句；to end the fight为不定式作 。
汉语翻译：
Ⅱ.研典句　学用法
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done
The English language is full of idioms which are thought to have come from football.(P25，Para.2)
英语中有许多习语被认为源自足球。
If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests，they are said to have scored an own goal.(P25，Para.4)
如果有人犯下了无意中损害自身利益的严重错误，那么人们就会说，这样的人是在进乌龙球。
结构分析：这两句话中都包含句型“sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done”。在第一句中，which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词idioms；在第二句中If 引导条件状语从句，其中which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mistake。
————————————————————————————————————————句型it be＋v.-ed＋that...可以转换成：
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to do
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to be doing
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done
————————————————————————————————————————
(1)据说这个裁缝现在正在国外学习，这将会帮他制造出更加时尚的衣服。
①It is said that the tailor ，which will help him make more fashionable clothes.
②The tailor ，which will help him make more fashionable clothes.
(2)据报道，科学家们已经发现了吸烟和肺癌之间的联系。
①It is reported that between smoking and lung cancer.
②Scientists between smoking and lung cancer.
课文重点词块默写 1．日常生活中不可缺失的一部分 2．看看 3．有机会进球 4．抱怨 5．进球 6．做决定 7．应对 8．努力/尝试做某事 9．大量 10．独自 11．承认失败 12．成功；做到(共27张PPT)
Section Ⅴ
Extended reading
Sports culture
UNIT 2
Part 1　课文整体理解
Part 2　长句难句分析
整体理解
课文
Step 1　速读——整体理解文意
Ⅰ.明文章大意
What is the main idea of the passage
A.The importance of diverse sports.
B.The spirits demonstrated in the sports idioms.
C.The relationship between sports and people’s life.
D.The origin，the meaning and the usage of some English idioms from
sports.
√
Ⅱ.悉篇章结构
Introduction
(Para.1)
1.____________________________________________________________________.
Main body
(Paras.2-8)
Football(Paras.2-4):2.___________________________
________
Baseball(Paras.5-6):3.___________________________
____________________________________________________________
Boxing(Paras.7-8):4.____________________________
Conclusion
(Para.9)
Sport is challenging and so is life.
There are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language
move the goalposts; score an
own goal
in the ballpark;a ballpark estimate; throw someone a curveball; three strikes and you are out
below the belt; throw in the towel
Step 2　细读——深度获取细节
1.Why are sports idioms common in everyday language
A.Because sport has a long history.
B.Because people are interested in sports.
C.Because there are a lot of sports events.
D.Because sport plays an important part in daily life.
√
2.What can you say if a local council makes a decision which backfires
A.It is below the belt.
B.It throws in the towel.
C.It scores an own goal.
D.It throws someone a curveball.
√
3.Which situation can be described by using the idiom “Three strikes and you are out”？
A.You lose three points in a baseball match.
B.It is the third time that you have succeeded in scoring.
C.It is the third time that you have failed in a job interview.
D.You have participated in baseball matches for three times.
√
4.Which word can replace the word “ring” in the last paragraph but one
A.Stage. B.Stadium.
C.Playground. D.Competition area.
√
5.What is the author’s purpose of introducing these sports idioms
A.To warn readers not to use idioms at random.
B.To provide some interesting information to amuse readers.
C.To make readers aware of the importance of sports and idioms.
D.To encourage readers to use as many sports idioms as possible.
√
Step 3　读后——课文语法填空
Sports idioms
There are lots of sports idioms in everyday language.Let’s take a look at some of them!
The English language is full of idioms 1. are thought to have come from football.“Scoring an own goal” in football means accidentally 2. (kick) or heading the ball into one’s own net.
that/which
kicking
Baseball has given the English language many different idioms.The venue where a baseball game is played 3. (call) a ballpark.So，even if we do not know 4. (exact) where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.5. this reason，people use the expression “in the ballpark” or “a ballpark estimate” to talk about rough estimates.Another common baseball expression is “throwing someone a curveball”.We use this expression 6.___________
(describe) things that are unexpected and difficult to respond to.“Three strikes and you are out” is an idiom that comes from baseball.This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after wasting three 7. (chance).
is called
exactly
For
to describe
chances
English also has 8. large number of idioms connected with boxing，which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.“Throwing in the towel” is a common idiom that comes from boxing.
Sport is 9. (challenge) and so is life.However，when you are thrown a curveball，do not throw in the towel—work hard，be careful not to score an own goal，and you are sure to make 10. !
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a
challenging
it
难句分析
长句
1.Since sport is inseparable part of day-to-day life，there are lots of sports idioms that have found their way into everyday language.(P25，Para.1)
结构分析：此句是 句。Since引导 从句；主句使用了
倒装句式；that引导 从句，修饰先行词__________
____________。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Ⅰ.补句子　析结构
由于体育运动是日常生活中不可缺失的一部分，许多体育习语也已融入人们的日常语言。
an
主从复合
原因状语
there be
限制性定语
lots of
sports idioms
2.An insurance salesman who is about (reach) his annual sales target，only for the company (make) the target higher，could rightly complain the company moving the goalposts.(P25，Para.3)
结构分析：此句是 句。who引导 从句，修饰先行词 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
如果一位保险销售员就快达到年度销售目标了，而公司却在这时提高了销售目标，那么他就可以正当地抱怨公司move the goalposts。
to reach
to make
about
主从复合
限制性定语
An insurance salesman
3.“Scoring an own goal” in football means (accident)
kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net，and it is one of the
______(bad) things that can happen to a football player.(P25，Para.4)
结构分析：此句是and连接的 句。在前一分句中，“Scoring an own goal” in football为 作主语；kicking or heading the ball into one’s own net在句中作 ；在后一分句中，that引导__________
从句，修饰先行词 .
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
在足球中，进乌龙球的意思是不小心将球踢进或顶进了自己队的球门，而这是一名球员所能遇到的最糟糕的情况之一。
accidentally
worst
并列复合
动名词短语
宾语
限制性定语
one of the worst things
4.You might see this expression in the newspapers when the local council makes a (decide) which backfires terribly！(P26，Para.4)
结构分析：此句是 句。when引导 从句，which 引导 从句。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
如果地方议会作出了一项决策，结果却适得其反，那么你也许就会在报纸上看到这个说法！
decision
主从复合
时间状语
限制性定语
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
因此，即便我们在棒球比赛中并不知道球的准确位置，我们仍然可以认定它就在球场内的某处。
5.So，even if we do not know (exact) where the ball is during the game，we can assume that it is somewhere in the ballpark.(P26，Para.5)
结构分析：此句是 句。even if引导 从句，其中where引导 从句；主句中that引导 从句。
exactly
主从复合
让步状语
宾语
宾语
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
这个习语经常用于谈论某人错失三次良机后失败的情况。
6.This idiom is often used to talk about situations where people fail after
(waste) three chances.(P26，Para.6)
结构分析：此句是 句。where引导 从句，修饰先行词 。
wasting
主从复合
限制性定语
situations
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
英语中也有大量习语与拳击有关，这是一项数千年来一直很受欢迎的运动。
7.English also has a large number of (idiom) connected with boxing，which has been a popular sport for thousands of years.(P26，Para.7)
结构分析：此句是 句。connected with boxing为过去分词短语作 ；which引导 从句，修饰先行词boxing。
idioms
主从复合
后置定语
非限制性定语
8.When a boxer is losing badly and is too tired or confused (give) up on his or her own，the coach will literally throw a towel into the ring to end the fight.(P26，Para.8)
结构分析：此句是 句。When引导 从句；to end the fight为不定式作 。
汉语翻译：_____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
当一名拳击手输得很惨，并且因太过疲惫或思维太混乱而无法自己宣告放弃时，教练就会真的扔一条毛巾到擂台上，示意结束对抗。
to give
主从复合
时间状语
目的状语
Ⅱ.研典句　学用法
The English language is full of idioms which are thought to have come from football.(P25，Para.2)
英语中有许多习语被认为源自足球。
If someone makes a bad mistake which unintentionally harms their own interests，they are said to have scored an own goal.(P25，Para.4)
如果有人犯下了无意中损害自身利益的严重错误，那么人们就会说，这样的人是在进乌龙球。
　 sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done
结构分析：这两句话中都包含句型“sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done”。在第一句中，which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词idioms；在第二句中If 引导条件状语从句，其中which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词mistake。
句型it be＋v.-ed＋that...可以转换成：
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to do
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to be doing
sb/sth be＋v.-ed＋to have done
(1)据说这个裁缝现在正在国外学习，这将会帮他制造出更加时尚的衣服。
①It is said that the tailor ，which will help him make more fashionable clothes.
②The tailor ，which will help him make more fashionable clothes.
(2)据报道，科学家们已经发现了吸烟和肺癌之间的联系。
①It is reported that between smoking and lung cancer.
②Scientists between smoking and lung cancer.
is studying abroad now
is said to be studying abroad now
scientists have established a connection
are reported to have established a connection
课文重点词块默写
1.日常生活中不可缺失的一部分 ________________________________
2.看看 ____________
3.有机会进球 ___________________
4.抱怨 ______________
5.进球 __________
6.做决定 ______________
7.应对 _________
8.努力/尝试做某事 _____________________
an inseparable part of day-to-day life
take a look at
have a chance to score
complain about
score a goal
make a decision
respond to
make attempts to do sth
9.大量 ________________
10.独自 ___________
11.承认失败 ___________
12.成功；做到 _______
a large number of
on one’s own
admit defeat
make it
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