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2024年人教版七年级上册
SectionA
Grammar focus
Unit 2 We're family!
Learning objectives
1. 通过观察示例句子，能梳理和归纳一般现在时中实义动词与不同人称主语的匹配关系。
2. 理解含有实义动词的一般现在时的表意功能，初步建立英语主谓一致的意识，能使用名词所有格去介绍物品的所属关系。
3. 能结合自身实际，正确使用含有实义动词的句式结构对物品的所属关系进行问答，并在班级前进行角色表演。
Let’s watch a video and find the rules.
Warming-up
总结规律：
当主语是第三人称单数时，实义动词使用其第三人称单数形式（简称三单形式）。其余情况均用动词原形。
一般现在时
主系表
（be动词的一般现在时）
句子结构 主语 + 系动词 + 表语
·主语 ：句子中的主要行动者或描述对象，如I, he, the book等。
·系动词 ：连接主语和表语的动词，
表示主语的状态或特征，如am, is, are, look, seem等。
·表语 ：描述主语状态、身份或特征的成分，可以是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等，如happy, a teacher, here等。
例句 My name is Amy.
He is ten years old.
一般现在时：1.表示现在的状态：
e.g. My name is Jack. I am twelve.
我叫杰克。我12岁了。
在Unit 1的语法课中，我们学习了含be动词的一般现在时，即：主系表结构。
一般现在时的构成1：
今天我们将学习：
实义动词的一般现在时！！！
The simple present tense (do)
一般现在时：
2.表示经常的或习惯性的动作：
e.g. He gets up at six.他六点钟起床。
3.表示主语具备的特征或能力等：
e.g. She likes English a lot.她很喜欢英语。
4.表示客观存在或普遍真理等：
e.g. Cats eat fish. 猫吃鱼。
The earth goes around the sun. 地球围绕太阳转。
一般现在时的构成2：
主谓宾
（实义/行为动词的一般现在时）
句子结构 主语 + 谓语（实义动词）+ 宾语
·主语 ：句子中的主要行动者或描述对象。
·谓语（实义动词） ：表示主语的动作或状态的动词，如eat, write, love等。
·宾语 ：动作的对象或承受者，回答“谁”或“什么”的问题，
如 apples, him, the book等。
例句 I often play football after school.
He watches TV every day.
1. I _______ (go) swimming on Sundays.
2. My cousin _________ (enjoy) computer games.
3. My parents __________ (watch) TV in the evening.
4. Tom and Simon _______ (like) fish.
5. He _________ (swim) every day.
6. Tom ________ (play) football on weekends.
go
watch
like
swims
plays
enjoys
实义动词的一般现在时句式：
1.肯定句：
主语（如 I/We/You/They）+实义动词（原形）+其他
主语（如 He/She/It）+实义动词的三单形式+其他
drinks
drink
Game time: 变一变
spend
spends
like
likes
先观察，再总结
一般情况下，直接加s
guesses
guess
watch
watches
go
goes
以字母s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾的动词,加 -es
boxes
box
box v.把……装箱；（与……）斗拳
studies
study
fly
flies
play
plays
先观察，再总结
以元音字母加 y 结尾的动词, 直接加s
以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词, 变 y 为 i , 再加-es
动词基本形式及变形
（实义动词的一般现在时）
规则 读音 示例
一般动词在词尾加 s 在清辅音后读/s/ 在浊辅音或元音后读/z/ like→likes /la ks/
tell→tells /telz/
play→plays /pla z/
以s, x, ch, sh结尾的动词加 es 读/ z/ guess→guesses /'ɡes z/
teach→teaches /'ti:t z/
以o结尾的动词一般加-es 读/z/ do→does /d z/
go→goes /ɡ z/
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，先变y改为i，再加 es 读/z/ fly→flies /fla z/
study→studies /'st diz/
当主语是第三人称单数时，动词形式有下列几种变化：
2.否定句：
主语（如 I/We/You/They）+ do + not + 动词原形+其他
主语（如 He/She/It）+ does + not + 动词原形+其他
1. I _____________ (not go) swimming on Sundays.
2. My cousin _____________ (not enjoy) computer games.
3. My parents _____________ (not watch) TV in the evening.
4. Tom and Simon _____________ (not like) fish.
5. He _____________ (not swim) every day.
6. Tom _____________ (not play) football on weekends.
don’t go
don’t watch
don’t like
doesn’t swim
doesn’t play
doesn’t enjoy
实义动词的一般现在时句式：
助动词do/does
They have some nice friends.
动词原形
Teng Fei's grandfather likes sport.
动词三单
They have some nice friends.
①动词原形：主语后面加don’t
Teng Fei's grandfather likes sport.
②动词三单:加doesn’t, 三单要还原
第1步：找动词, 定形式。
第2步：加助动词
don’t
doesn’t
They don’t have some nice friends.
Teng Fei's grandfather doesn’t like sport.
第3步：特殊变化(some变any, and 变 or)
They don’t have some nice friends.
They don’t have any nice friends.
Teng Fei's grandfather doesn’t like sport.
一找；二加；三改
一般疑问句
—Do +主语（如 I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？
及其简略回答： —Yes, 主语+do./No, 主语+don’t.
—Does +主语（如 he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？
—Yes, 主语+does./No, 主语+/doesn’t.
1. ______ you _______ (go) swimming on Sundays Yes, I ____.
2. ______ your cousin _______ (enjoy) computer games
3. ______ your parents _______ (watch) TV in the evening
4. ______ Tom and Simon ________ (like) fish
5. ______ he ________ (swim) every day No, he _______.
Do go
Do watch
Do like
Does swim
Does enjoy
do
doesn’t
注：问句和答语的助动词保持一致！
实义动词的一般现在时句式：
第1步：找动词, 定形式。
My father spends some time fishing.
I often play the piano.
动词原形
动词三单
①动词原形：主语前面加Do
②动词三单:主语前面加 Does, 还原动词
第2步：加助动词,注意大小写和标点
I often play the piano.
My father spends some time fishing.
Do
Does
Do I often play the piano
Does my father spend some time fishing
第3步：改换主语称谓及其他
Do I often play the piano
Does my father spend some time fishing
Do you often play the piano
Does your father spend any time fishing
一找；二加；三改
特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词++一般疑问句句式
---特殊疑问词+do +主语（如 I/we/you/they）+动词原形+其他？
---特殊疑问词+does +主语（如 he/she/it）+动词原形+其他？
1. How______ you _______ (spell) your name
2. Where______ your cousin _______ (come) from
3. How many ducks______ Peter’s uncle _______ (have) on the farm
4. What______ you _______ (have) in your schoolbag
does come
do spell
实义动词的一般现在时句式：
does have
do have
I do not do housework on Saturday.
Do you do housework on Saturday
我周六不做家务。
你周六做家务吗？
用于实义动词前构成否定句和疑问句，没有实际意义。
做，干，办
区分行为动词do和助动词do的用法
助动词
实义动词
sometimes(有时) ；often(经常) ；usually(通常) ；always(总是) ；every day(每天) ；once a week(一周一次) 等表示频率的副词或短语。
①与 every 连用：every morning/ day/ week/ month/ year
e.g. He gets up early every day.
②表示频率：always, often, usually, sometimes, never, seldom
e.g. They usually go to work by bus.
③表示次数：once a year, twice a month, three times a week, on Sundays
e.g. He washes his hair twice a week.
一般现在时常用标志词：
含实义动词的一般现在时的用法
实义动词作谓语，位置就在主语后；
主语三单要注意，动词变化别忘记；
一般疑问很好变，句首莫忘把do/does添；
否定句子也不难,don't/ doesn't加在实义动词前;
凡是 does (doesn't)句中现,实义动词要还原。
变一般疑问句时，需要变化的词如下： 人称代词/物主代词 I/me/we/you→you; my/our→your; mine→yours
其他词类 some→any; and→or; too→either
一般现在时
巧学妙记
Summary
Read the sentences. How do the verb forms change with the subjects
Teng Fei and his grandfather play ping-pong every week. Teng Fei's grandfather loves sport.
They have some nice ping-pong bats. Teng Fei's father has a fishing rod.
Do you play the piano Yes, I do./No, I don't.
Does your father spend a lot of time fishing Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
Whose piano is this It’s my mother’s.
三复
三单
三复
三单
第二人称
第一人称
动词原形
动词三单
动词原形
动词三单
动词原形
动词原形
3a
三单
动词原形
第三人称
动词三单
Possessive case of nouns
名词所有格
名词所有格：表示名词的所属关系。译为”.......的“。
何谓“所属关系”？
Possessive case of nouns 名词所有格
是指一个事物属于另一个事物的关系。
This is Tom’s schoolbag.
这是汤姆的书包。
This is my schoolbag.
这是我的书包。
名词所有格
1. 一般情况下，单数名词后面直接+’s（‘s所有格），如：
Teng Fei and his grandfather
play ping-pong every week.
Teng Fei’s grandfather loves sport.
They have some nice ping-pong bats.
Teng Fei’s father has a fishing rod.
2. 复数名词后，因名词本身以s结尾，因此直接+’(’s所有格)
e.g. 祖父母的房子
grandparents’ house
e.g. 学生们的姓名
students’ names
名词所有格修饰的名词如果是单个对象则用单数，多个对象用复数形式。
3.表示共同拥有时，只需要在最后一个名词+’s，各自拥有都要+’s，并变为复数。
Mary/Gina
Mary
Gina
Mary and Gina’s home
Mary’s and Gina’s homes
’s类所有格
1. The woman over there is ______ mother.
　　A. Julia and Shelley’s
　　B. Julia’s and Shelley’s
　　C. Julia and Shelley
　　D. Julia’s and Shelley
2. —Excuse me, where are _______ offices
—Over there．
　　A. teacher’s B. teachers’
　　C. the teacher’s D. the teachers’
单数，共同所有
复数，分别所有
一山不容二虎
名词所有格有’s所有格和of所有格两种形式。
’s所有格：一般指有生命的人或物。如：Tom’s mum
of所有格：一般指无生命的人或物。如：a map of China
一副中国地图
学校的大门(gate)
_____________________
the gate of the school
教室的门(door)
_____________________
the door of the classroom
哆啦A梦的一张照片
_______________________
a photo of Doraem’s
表示照片属于哆啦A梦，
他很多照片中的一张。
哆啦A梦的照片
___________________
a photo of Doraem
表示照片上的人就是哆啦A梦
名词所有格与物主代词之间有联系吗？
它们可以互换使用吗？
名词所有格和物主代词都是用来表示所属关系的语法结构，
但在使用上存在一些区别。
结构 名词所有格 物主代词
用法 通常用于表示直接拥有，即某样东西直接属于某个人或物。 它可以通过在名词词尾加“'s”来构成。 包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，用于表示所属关系，但它们的使用更加灵活。
形容词性物主代词（如my, your, his,）置于名词前，起修饰作用，表示某人的。
名词性物主代词（如mine, yours, his,）则用来直接作为句子的主语或宾语，表示某物属于某人。
例句 John's car（约翰的车） the dog's tail（狗的尾巴） This is my book.（这是我的书。）
That car is hers.（那辆车是她的。）
注：两者在不影响表达的情况下可以互换使用，物主代词有简化语言的作用。 1. Teng Fei’s grandfather loves sport. (his)
腾飞的爷爷喜欢运动。
2. This is Peter and Emma’s classroom. (their)
这是彼得和埃玛的教室。
3. This is Kate’s cat. (her)
这是凯特的猫。
This is _______________ (Kate) cat. It likes fish very much.
This is _____________________ (Ella and Emma) classroom. They love their big and clean classroom.
These are _______________ (I) books. I read every day.
A: Whose caps are these
B: They’re my _______________ (grandparents). They like wearing caps.
A: Whose schoolbag is this
B: It’s _______________ (Teng Fei). He likes the colour blue.
Kate’s
Ella and Emma’s
my
grandparents’
Teng Fei’s
Complete the sentences with the correct possessive form (’s) of the words in brackets.
3b
Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
3c
I have a brother and a sister. My brother is tall, and he _______ short hair. He is really funny, and he often _______ us laugh. My sister _______ very different. She is short, and she has long brown hair. She is a quiet girl. She really _______ reading. I’m not tall or short. I don’t _______ or read much. But I _______ the violin really well. I also like playing tennis. We ________ all different, but we have a lot of fun together.
be like look make play talk have
talk
play
looks
are
has
makes
likes
have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴
/'f ni/adj. 好笑的；有趣的
/lɑ:f/ v. 笑/ n. 笑声
/,va 'l n/ n. 小提琴
/'d fr nt/ adj. 不同的
Does your mother like music
Do you have any sisters or brothers
Does your father play any sport
...
appearance 外貌
hobby 爱好
personality 性格
You can describe a person like 3c.
Ask and answer questions about each other's family.
3d
·Do you have any sisters or brothers
·Does your father play any sport
Yes, I do. I have a sister. She is tall and pretty. She really likes dancing. And we often dance together.
Yes, he does. My father likes doing sports in the morning.
And he also likes playing chess.
An example
·Does your mother like music？
·Do you like a pet dog
Yes, she does. She likes singing and playing the piano.
She often sings and dances with her friends in the evening.
An example
No, I don’t. But I like cats. I have a pet cat. Its name is Mimi.
I like playing with it.
谢谢
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Unit 2 We're family!
SectionA Grammar Focus同步练习
I.单选。
1. —Is______mother an English teacher —Yes, she is.
Bob and Alice B. Bob and Alice's
C. Bob's and Alice's D. Bob's and Alice
2. Lisa ______ have a map, but Lingling does.
A. isn’t B. aren’t C. don’t D. doesn’t
3. —Does your brother ______ a pen —Yes, he ______ two.
A. have; has B. has; has C. have;have D. has; have
4. —Does your friend Andy _______ reading
—Yes, he _______ a lot.
A. like; read B. likes; reads C. like; reads D. likes; read
5. —______ books are these —They’re my father’s.
A. How many B. Where C. What D. Whose
Ⅲ. 用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. My father ________ (listen) to the radio every day.
2. Mike ________ (study) in a middle school.
3. She _______ (take) her dog for a walk every night.
4. He ________ (wash) clothes with his hands.
5. Rabbits _______ (eat) grass and carrots.
6. Maria often _______ (help) me with my math.
7. —________ your brother ________ (like) playing football
—No, he _________.
8. Today, _________ (student) homework is different from that in the past.
9. —Is _________________ (Tom and Kate) mother an English teacher —Yes, she is.
10. Every year, the family go camping on __________ (children) Day, June 1st.
Ⅲ.完成句子。
1. —Is this _______________________(你的好朋友的钢笔)
—Yes, it is.
2. They are ________________________________________________ (Peter的英语老师和Sam的班主任).
3. _______________(儿童节) is on June 1st.
4. ______________________________(学生们的桌椅) are very new.
5. _________________________________(我父亲的和她父亲的朋友) are from Beijing.
Ⅳ.句型转换
1. Harry likes Chinese chess. （改为一般疑问句）
______ Harry ______ Chinese chess
2. Lily brushes her teeth twice a day. （改为否定句）
Lily ________ ________ her teeth twice a day.
3. I have some ping-pong bats. （改为一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答）
______ ______ ______ ______ ping-pong bats
Yes, ______ ______. / No, ______ ______.
4. These books are my sister's. (对画线部分提问)
________ ________ these books
5. There are a lot of apples on the tree. (改为同义句)
There are ________ apples on the tree.
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