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Period Ⅲ　Using language
Part 1　Language points——析考点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.overcome v. 控制(感情)，克服(困难)
2.plot n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.ballet n.芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演
2.comedy n.喜剧
3.documentary n.纪录片
4.episode n.(电视连续剧或广播连载节目中的)一集
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.applaud v.(为……)鼓掌
applause n.鼓掌；掌声
2.grateful adj.感谢的，感激的
gratefully adv.感谢地，感激地
3.extremely adv.极度，极其
extreme adj.极度的，极其的
4.absorbed adj.专心致志的
absorb v.使……全神贯注；理解，掌握；吸收
5.romantic adj.浪漫的
romance n.浪漫
6.absolutely adv.完全地，绝对地
absolute adj.完全的，绝对的
7.appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的
appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力v.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求
8.definitely adv.确切地，肯定地
definite adj.确切的，肯定的
9.rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的
rudely adv.粗鲁地，无礼地
rudeness n.粗鲁，无礼
10.transport n.交通运输系统，运输方式
transporter n.运输机
transportation n.交通工具；运输；交通运输系统
11.arrangement n.安排，筹划
arrange vt.安排，筹备；整理，布置
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.put__on表演(节目)
2.stay__up熬夜
3.thanks__to幸亏，由于
4.be__used__to__do被用来做
5.the__number__of……的数量
6.more or less 或多或少
7.raise money 筹集资金
8.make arrangements 安排
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.grateful adj. 感谢的，感激的
·gratefully adv.感谢地，感激地
·gratitude n.感激之情；感谢
[佳句背诵]　I am very grateful to you for your unselfish work in organizing the activity.(感谢信)
我非常感谢您无私地组织了这次活动。
be grateful to sb for sth　因某事而感激某人
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激
be grateful that 感激……
I would be grateful if you could/would...
如果你能……，我将不胜感激。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
I am grateful to you for decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.
I am writing to express my gratitude (grateful) for what you have done for me.(感谢信)
I’m grateful to__be__given (give) this chance to be a volunteer.
I would__be__very__grateful__if you could help me take care of my pet in my absence. (求助信)
如果我不在的时候你能帮我照顾我的宠物，我将非常感激。
2.absorbed adj. 专心致志的
·absorb v.使……全神贯注；理解，掌握；吸收
[佳句背诵]　A quiet environment can ensure yourself to be fully absorbed in the course.(建议信)
安静的环境可以保证你完全专注于课程中。
(1)be/become absorbed in... 全神贯注于……，专心于……
(2)absorb...into...　　　 把……吸入/并入……
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
absorb oneself in 全神贯注于
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/句式升级
Water and salts are absorbed into our blood stream.
As we all know, plants can absorb nutrients from the earth around them so that they can grow better.
He is absorbed in conducting experiments, so he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.
→Absorbed__in__conducting__experiments，he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.(用形容词短语作状语升级)
→Absorbing__himself__in__conducting__experiments，he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.(用现在分词短语作状语升级)
3.appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的
·appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力v.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求
[佳句背诵]　I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of Chinese traditional culture which are extremely appealing to foreign friends.(求助信)
我写信是想就中国传统文化中对外国朋友极具吸引力的方面征求您的宝贵意见。
(1)appeal to sb　　　　　吸引某人
appeal to sb for sth 为某事呼吁某人
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb for sth
为某事向某人呼吁/恳求
make an appeal to sb to do sth
呼吁/恳求某人做某事
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
He makes philosophical thought an appealing (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences. (2023·全国甲卷)
I’m sure this activity will appeal to you, for you’ve been enthusiastic about sports.
World Oceans Day falls on June 8th, aimed at appealing/making__an__appeal__to__everyone__to__protect__the__oceans.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
6月8日是世界海洋日，旨在呼吁所有人保护海洋。
4.arrangement n.安排，筹划
·arrange vt.安排，筹备；整理，布置
[佳句背诵]　Would you please give us some suggestions on the arrangements for the conference to be held in our school？(求助信)
关于将在我们学校举行会议的安排，你能给我们一些建议吗？
(1)make an arrangement/arrangements(for...)　(为……)做安排
(2)arrange for sth 安排某事
arrange (for sb/sth) to do sth安排(某人/某物)做某事(注意介词for不可省略)
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
I’d like to tell you that we have arranged to__visit (visit) the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.(通知)
We’re overwhelmed with excitement at the news that an oral English class will be arranged for us.(建议信，2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你能提前告知我你的计划吗？这样我就可以为此做相应的安排了？
→Would you please inform me of your plan in advance, so I can arrange__for__it accordingly？(arrange)
→Would you please inform me of your plan in advance, so I can make__arrangements__for__it accordingly？(arrangement)
5.put on 表演(节目)；穿上
[佳句背诵]　A wide variety of performances featuring traditional Chinese culture will be put on.(通知)
以中国传统文化为特色的各种演出将上演。
put away　　　收起来
put aside 存(钱)备用；不考虑
put off 推迟
put up 举起；张贴；建造
put forward 提出(计划、建议)；推荐，提名
put up with 容忍，忍受
put out 熄灭；扑灭
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.(2023·全国甲卷)
Put off watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.(2023·全国甲卷)
The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.
Students will put__on__all__types__of__performances，some of which can offer a window into Chinese traditional culture.(通知)
学生们将呈现各种类型的表演，其中一些可以提供一个了解中国传统文化的窗口。
Part 2　Grammar——－ing形式作状语
观察下面的句子，并感知－ing形式作状语的用法。
1.Turning around，I saw a car driving up.
2.Having sent her child to bed，she began to read the newspaper.
3.Not knowing his telephone number，I couldn’t get in touch with him.
4.He came running back to tell me the news.
5.Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.
一、－ing形式作状语时的形式
－ing作状语时有时态和语态的变化，现以do为例介绍一下其形式：
主动形式 被动形式 时态意义 语态意义
一般式 doing being done 分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作(几乎)同时发生 主动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系
完成式 Having done Having been done 分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作 主动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系
Having been talked to，you should look at the eyes of the person.
有人和你说话时，你应该看着那个人的眼睛。
Having dressed myself，I went to the classroom.
我穿好衣服就去了教室。
He is a star actor of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.(2024·浙江1月卷)
他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《睡谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角。他刚从泽西电影制作公司的《爵士年代》中脱颖而出。
二、－ing形式作状语时的句法功能
－ing形式作状语时，可以表示原因、条件、让步、时间、结果、方式和伴随状况，作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句，作其他状语时，可以变为相应的状语从句。
状语类型 例句
原因 Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.(＝Because she had a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.)(2024·浙江1月卷) 伊娃的方向感很差，她发现在这么大的建筑里无法走动。
条件 Turning to the right，you will find a path leading to his cottage.(＝If you turn to the right，you will find a path leading to his cottage.) 向右转，你就可以找到一条通往他的小屋的路。
让步 Admitting what she has said，I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.(＝Although I admit what she has said，I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.) 我尽管承认她所说的话，但仍然认为她没有尽她最大的努力。
时间 Hearing the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai.(＝When they heard the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai.) 听到这个消息，他们立即出发到上海去了。
结果 The old scientist died all of a sudden，leaving the project unfinished.(＝The old scientist died all of a sudden so that he left the project unfinished.) 那位老科学家突然去世了，留下了未完成的项目。
方式 Please answer the question using another way.(＝Please answer the question and use another way.) 请用另一种方式回答这个问题。
伴随 I stood there，waiting for her.(＝I stood there and waited for her.) 我站在那儿等她。
[名师指津]　－ing形式作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的内容，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：
He was caught in the rain，thus making himself catch a cold.
他淋了雨后就感冒了。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
三、－ing形式作状语时的注意事项
1.－ing形式的否定式：not＋doing；not having＋done
Not knowing this，he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
2.－ing形式作状语时，可根据需要在其前面加上一些词或短语，表示特殊含义，常用的连词有：when，while，after，before，since，once，unless，as if，even if，though等。“从属连词＋现在分词”可以视为状语从句的省略。
While (he was) waiting for the bus，he met Mary.
等公共汽车时，他遇到了玛丽。
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又开始观察大自然并提出问题。
3.独立主格结构
－ing形式作状语，有时它可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.
那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
The weather being fine，we went out for a walk.
由于天气好，我们去散步了。
4.－ing形式作评注性状语
有些－ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”， judging by/from...“从……判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。
Judging from his behaviour，he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The child slipped and fell, hitting (hit) his head against the door.
2.Having__visited (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co－existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.(2023·全国乙卷)
3.Having__spent (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
4.Seeing (see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.
5.Keeping (keep) on your feet, you will make yourself more tired.
6.Using (use) a stick，the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes.
Ⅱ.同义句转换
1.Although he lived miles away, he attended the lecture.
→Living__miles__away,__he attended the lecture.
2.If weather permits, we shall go there on foot.
→Weather__permitting，we shall go there on foot.
3.Though he had been told several times，he still couldn’t understand the rules.
→Having__been__told several times，he still couldn’t understand the rules.
4.Because she didn’t have much money, Mary decided not to go on the trip.
→Not__having__much__money,__Mary decided not to go on the trip.
5.When spring came, the trees turned green.
→Spring__coming,__the trees turned green.Period Ⅲ　Using language
Part 1　Language points——析考点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ v. 控制(感情)，克服(困难)
2.____________ n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.ballet n.　　　　　　　　________________
2.comedy n. ________________
3.documentary n. ________________
4.episode n. ________________
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.____________ v.(为……)鼓掌
applause n.鼓掌；掌声
2.____________ adj.感谢的，感激的
gratefully adv.感谢地，感激地
3.____________ adv.极度，极其
extreme adj.极度的，极其的
4.____________ adj.专心致志的
absorb v.使……全神贯注；理解，掌握；吸收
5.____________ adj.浪漫的
romance n.浪漫
6.____________ adv.完全地，绝对地
absolute adj.完全的，绝对的
7.____________ adj.有吸引力的，有趣的
appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力v.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求
8.____________ adv.确切地，肯定地
definite adj.确切的，肯定的
9.____________ adj.粗鲁的，无礼的
rudely adv.粗鲁地，无礼地
rudeness n.粗鲁，无礼
10.____________ n.交通运输系统，运输方式
transporter n.运输机
transportation n.交通工具；运输；交通运输系统
11.____________ n.安排，筹划
arrange vt.安排，筹备；整理，布置
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________表演(节目)
2.________________熬夜
3.________________幸亏，由于
4.________________被用来做
5.________________……的数量
6.more or less ________________
7.raise money ________________
8.make arrangements ________________
1.grateful adj. 感谢的，感激的
·gratefully adv.感谢地，感激地
·gratitude n.感激之情；感谢
[佳句背诵]　I am very grateful to you for your unselfish work in organizing the activity.(感谢信)
我非常感谢您无私地组织了这次活动。
be grateful to sb for sth　因某事而感激某人
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激
be grateful that 感激……
I would be grateful if you could/would...
如果你能……，我将不胜感激。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
I am grateful to you ________________ decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.
I am writing to express my ____________ (grateful) for what you have done for me.(感谢信)
I’m grateful ____________ (give) this chance to be a volunteer.
I ______________________________________________________________
you could help me take care of my pet in my absence. (求助信)
如果我不在的时候你能帮我照顾我的宠物，我将非常感激。
2.absorbed adj. 专心致志的
·absorb v.使……全神贯注；理解，掌握；吸收
[佳句背诵]　A quiet environment can ensure yourself to be fully absorbed in the course.(建议信)
安静的环境可以保证你完全专注于课程中。
(1)be/become absorbed in... 全神贯注于……，专心于……
(2)absorb...into...　　　 把……吸入/并入……
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
absorb oneself in 全神贯注于
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/句式升级
Water and salts are absorbed ____________ our blood stream.
As we all know, plants can absorb nutrients ____________ the earth around them so that they can grow better.
He is absorbed in conducting experiments, so he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.
→____________________________________________________________________，
he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.(用形容词短语作状语升级)
→____________________________________________________________________
__________， he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.(用现在分词短语作状语升级)
3.appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的
·appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力v.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求
[佳句背诵]　I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of Chinese traditional culture which are extremely appealing to foreign friends.(求助信)
我写信是想就中国传统文化中对外国朋友极具吸引力的方面征求您的宝贵意见。
(1)appeal to sb　　　　　吸引某人
appeal to sb for sth 为某事呼吁某人
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人呼吁/恳求
make an appeal to sb to do sth呼吁/恳求某人做某事
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
He makes philosophical thought an ____________ (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences. (2023·全国甲卷)
I’m sure this activity will appeal ________ you, for you’ve been enthusiastic about sports.
World Oceans Day falls on June 8th, aimed at _____________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
6月8日是世界海洋日，旨在呼吁所有人保护海洋。
4.arrangement n.安排，筹划
·arrange vt.安排，筹备；整理，布置
[佳句背诵]　Would you please give us some suggestions on the arrangements for the conference to be held in our school？(求助信)
关于将在我们学校举行会议的安排，你能给我们一些建议吗？
(1)make an arrangement/arrangements(for...)　(为……)做安排
(2)arrange for sth 安排某事
arrange (for sb/sth) to do sth 排(某人/某物)做某事(注意介词for不可省略)
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
I’d like to tell you that we have arranged ____________ (visit) the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.(通知)
We’re overwhelmed with excitement at the news that an oral English class will be arranged ____________ us.(建议信，2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你能提前告知我你的计划吗？这样我就可以为此做相应的安排了？
→Would you please inform me of your plan in advance, so I can ______________________________________________________________________
accordingly？(arrange)
→Would you please inform me of your plan in advance, so I can ______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________ accordingly？(arrangement)
5.put on 表演(节目)；穿上
[佳句背诵]　A wide variety of performances featuring traditional Chinese culture will be put on.(通知)
以中国传统文化为特色的各种演出将上演。
put away　　　收起来
put aside 存(钱)备用；不考虑
put off 推迟
put up 举起；张贴；建造
put forward 提出(计划、建议)；推荐，提名
put up with 容忍，忍受
put out 熄灭；扑灭
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put ________ pictures.(2023·全国甲卷)
Put ____________ watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.(2023·全国甲卷)
The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put ____________ the fire.
Students will ______________________________________________________，
some of which can offer a window into Chinese traditional culture.(通知)
学生们将呈现各种类型的表演，其中一些可以提供一个了解中国传统文化的窗口。
Part 2　Grammar——－ing形式作状语
观察下面的句子，并感知－ing形式作状语的用法。
1.Turning around，I saw a car driving up.
2.Having sent her child to bed，she began to read the newspaper.
3.Not knowing his telephone number，I couldn’t get in touch with him.
4.He came running back to tell me the news.
5.Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.
一、－ing形式作状语时的形式
－ing作状语时有时态和语态的变化，现以do为例介绍一下其形式：
主动形式 被动形式 时态意义 语态意义
一般式 doing being done 分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作(几乎)同时发生 主动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系
完成式 Having done Having been done 分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作 主动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系
Having been talked to，you should look at the eyes of the person.
有人和你说话时，你应该看着那个人的眼睛。
Having dressed myself，I went to the classroom.
我穿好衣服就去了教室。
He is a star actor of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.(2024·浙江1月卷)
他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《睡谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角。他刚从泽西电影制作公司的《爵士年代》中脱颖而出。
二、－ing形式作状语时的句法功能
－ing形式作状语时，可以表示原因、条件、让步、时间、结果、方式和伴随状况，作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句，作其他状语时，可以变为相应的状语从句。
状语类型 例句
原因 Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.(＝Because she had a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.)(2024·浙江1月卷) 伊娃的方向感很差，她发现在这么大的建筑里无法走动。
条件 Turning to the right，you will find a path leading to his cottage.(＝If you turn to the right，you will find a path leading to his cottage.) 向右转，你就可以找到一条通往他的小屋的路。
让步 Admitting what she has said，I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.(＝Although I admit what she has said，I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.) 我尽管承认她所说的话，但仍然认为她没有尽她最大的努力。
时间 Hearing the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai.(＝When they heard the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai.) 听到这个消息，他们立即出发到上海去了。
结果 The old scientist died all of a sudden，leaving the project unfinished.(＝The old scientist died all of a sudden so that he left the project unfinished.) 那位老科学家突然去世了，留下了未完成的项目。
方式 Please answer the question using another way.(＝Please answer the question and use another way.) 请用另一种方式回答这个问题。
伴随 I stood there，waiting for her.(＝I stood there and waited for her.) 我站在那儿等她。
[名师指津]　－ing形式作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的内容，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：
He was caught in the rain，thus making himself catch a cold.
他淋了雨后就感冒了。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
三、－ing形式作状语时的注意事项
1.－ing形式的否定式：not＋doing；not having＋done
Not knowing this，he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
2.－ing形式作状语时，可根据需要在其前面加上一些词或短语，表示特殊含义，常用的连词有：when，while，after，before，since，once，unless，as if，even if，though等。“从属连词＋现在分词”可以视为状语从句的省略。
While (he was) waiting for the bus，he met Mary.
等公共汽车时，他遇到了玛丽。
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又开始观察大自然并提出问题。
3.独立主格结构
－ing形式作状语，有时它可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.
那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
The weather being fine，we went out for a walk.
由于天气好，我们去散步了。
4.－ing形式作评注性状语
有些－ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”， judging by/from...“从……判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。
Judging from his behaviour，he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The child slipped and fell, ____________ (hit) his head against the door.
2.____________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co－existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.(2023·全国乙卷)
3.____________ (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
4.____________ (see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.
5.____________ (keep) on your feet, you will make yourself more tired.
6.____________ (use) a stick，the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes.
Ⅱ.同义句转换
1.Although he lived miles away, he attended the lecture.
→________________， he attended the lecture.
2.If weather permits, we shall go there on foot.
→________________，we shall go there on foot.
3.Though he had been told several times，he still couldn’t understand the rules.
→________________ several times，he still couldn’t understand the rules.
4.Because she didn’t have much money, Mary decided not to go on the trip.
→____________________________________________________________________，
Mary decided not to go on the trip.
5.When spring came, the trees turned green.
→____________________________________________________________________, the trees turned green.(共33张PPT)
Period Ⅲ　Using language
Unit 4　Stage and screen
Language points——析考点
Part 1
///////////////////
Grammar——－ing形式作状语
Part 2
///////////////////
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1.____________ v. 控制(感情)，克服(困难)
2.____________ n.(书、电影、戏剧的)情节
overcome
plot
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.ballet n.　　　　　　　　 ________________________
2.comedy n. ________________________
3.documentary n. ________________________
4.episode n. __________________________________
芭蕾舞剧，芭蕾舞表演
喜剧
纪录片
(电视连续剧或广播连载节目中的)一集
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.____________ v.(为……)鼓掌
applause n.鼓掌；掌声
2.____________ adj.感谢的，感激的
gratefully adv.感谢地，感激地
3.____________ adv.极度，极其
extreme adj.极度的，极其的
4.____________ adj.专心致志的
absorb v.使……全神贯注；理解，掌握；吸收
applaud
grateful
extremely
absorbed
5.____________ adj.浪漫的
romance n.浪漫
6.____________ adv.完全地，绝对地
absolute adj.完全的，绝对的
7.____________ adj.有吸引力的，有趣的
appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力v.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求
8.____________ adv.确切地，肯定地
definite adj.确切的，肯定的
romantic
absolutely
appealing
definitely
9.____________ adj.粗鲁的，无礼的
rudely adv.粗鲁地，无礼地
rudeness n.粗鲁，无礼
10.____________ n.交通运输系统，运输方式
transporter n.运输机
transportation n.交通工具；运输；交通运输系统
11.____________ n.安排，筹划
arrange vt.安排，筹备；整理，布置
rude
transport
arrangement
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1.________________表演(节目)
2.________________熬夜
3.________________幸亏，由于
4.________________被用来做
5.________________……的数量
6.more or less ________________
7.raise money ________________
8.make arrangements ________________
put on
stay up
thanks to
be used to do
the number of　
或多或少
筹集资金
安排
1.grateful adj. 感谢的，感激的
·gratefully adv.感谢地，感激地
·gratitude n.感激之情；感谢
[佳句背诵]　I am very grateful to you for your unselfish work in organizing the activity.(感谢信)
我非常感谢您无私地组织了这次活动。
be grateful to sb for sth　 因某事而感激某人
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而感激
be grateful that 感激……
I would be grateful if you could/would... 如果你能……，我将不胜感激。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
I am grateful to you _______ decorating our classroom for the graduation ceremony.
I am writing to express my ____________ (grateful) for what you have done for me.(感谢信)
I’m grateful ____________ (give) this chance to be a volunteer.
I ________________________________ you could help me take care of my pet in my absence. (求助信)
如果我不在的时候你能帮我照顾我的宠物，我将非常感激。
for
gratitude
to be given
would be very grateful if
2.absorbed adj. 专心致志的
·absorb v.使……全神贯注；理解，掌握；吸收
[佳句背诵]　A quiet environment can ensure yourself to be fully absorbed in the course.(建议信)
安静的环境可以保证你完全专注于课程中。
(1)be/become absorbed in... 全神贯注于……，专心于……
(2)absorb...into...　　　 把……吸入/并入……
absorb...from... 从……中吸收……
absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力
absorb oneself in 全神贯注于
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/句式升级
Water and salts are absorbed ____________ our blood stream.
As we all know, plants can absorb nutrients ____________ the earth around them so that they can grow better.
He is absorbed in conducting experiments, so he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.
→_______________________________________________________________，
he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.(用形容词短语作状语升级)
→_______________________________________________________________，
he frequently forgets about eating or sleeping.(用现在分词短语作状语升级)
into
from
Absorbed in conducting experiments
Absorbing himself in conducting experiments
3.appealing adj.有吸引力的，有趣的
·appeal n.呼吁；恳求；吸引力v.有吸引力；呼吁；恳求
[佳句背诵]　I am writing to ask for your valuable advice on the aspects of Chinese traditional culture which are extremely appealing to foreign friends.(求助信)
我写信是想就中国传统文化中对外国朋友极具吸引力的方面征求您的宝贵意见。
(1)appeal to sb　　　　　 吸引某人
appeal to sb for sth 为某事呼吁某人
appeal to sb to do sth 呼吁/恳求某人做某事
(2)make an appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人呼吁/恳求
make an appeal to sb to do sth呼吁/恳求某人做某事
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
He makes philosophical thought an ____________ (appeal) exercise that improves the quality of our experiences. (2023·全国甲卷)
I’m sure this activity will appeal ________ you, for you’ve been enthusiastic about sports.
World Oceans Day falls on June 8th, aimed at _________________________
__________________________________.(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
6月8日是世界海洋日，旨在呼吁所有人保护海洋。
appealing
to
appealing/making an appeal
to everyone to protect the oceans
4.arrangement n.安排，筹划
·arrange vt.安排，筹备；整理，布置
[佳句背诵]　Would you please give us some suggestions on the arrangements for the conference to be held in our school？(求助信)
关于将在我们学校举行会议的安排，你能给我们一些建议吗？
(1)make an arrangement/arrangements(for...)　(为……)做安排
(2)arrange for sth 安排某事
arrange (for sb/sth) to do sth 排(某人/某物)做某事(注意介词for不可省略)
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
I’d like to tell you that we have arranged ____________ (visit) the nearby nursing home next Saturday for the Double Ninth Festival.(通知)
We’re overwhelmed with excitement at the news that an oral English class will be arranged ____________ us.(建议信，2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
你能提前告知我你的计划吗？这样我就可以为此做相应的安排了？
→Would you please inform me of your plan in advance, so I can ________________accordingly？(arrange)
→Would you please inform me of your plan in advance, so I can __________________________ accordingly？(arrangement)
to visit
for
arrange for it
make arrangements for it
5.put on 表演(节目)；穿上
[佳句背诵]　A wide variety of performances featuring traditional Chinese culture will be put on.(通知)
以中国传统文化为特色的各种演出将上演。
put away　　　 收起来
put aside 存(钱)备用；不考虑
put off 推迟
put up 举起；张贴；建造
put forward 提出(计划、建议)；推荐，提名
put up with 容忍，忍受
put out 熄灭；扑灭
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put ________ pictures.(2023·全国甲卷)
Put _______ watching your favorite show until the weekend or wait 10 extra minutes before going for that cake.(2023·全国甲卷)
The next minute, the porridge boiled over and put _____ the fire.
Students will ___________________________，some of which can offer a window into Chinese traditional culture.(通知)
学生们将呈现各种类型的表演，其中一些可以提供一个了解中国传统文化的窗口。
up
off
out　
put on all types of performances
观察下面的句子，并感知－ing形式作状语的用法。
1.Turning around，I saw a car driving up.
2.Having sent her child to bed，she began to read the newspaper.
3.Not knowing his telephone number，I couldn’t get in touch with him.
4.He came running back to tell me the news.
5.Having been shown around the factory，they were very happy.
一、－ing形式作状语时的形式
－ing作状语时有时态和语态的变化，现以do为例介绍一下其形式：
主动形式 被动形式 时态意义 语态意义
一般式 doing being done 分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作(几乎)同时发生 主动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系
完成式 Having done Having been done 分词所表示的动作先于谓语动词所表示的动作 主动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系；被动形式表示构成分词的动词与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系
Having been talked to，you should look at the eyes of the person.
有人和你说话时，你应该看着那个人的眼睛。
Having dressed myself，I went to the classroom.
我穿好衣服就去了教室。
He is a star actor of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The Wizard of Oz” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.(2024·浙江1月卷)
他是儿童剧院的明星演员，曾在《睡谷的传说》和《绿野仙踪》中担任主角。他刚从泽西电影制作公司的《爵士年代》中脱颖而出。
二、－ing形式作状语时的句法功能
－ing形式作状语时，可以表示原因、条件、让步、时间、结果、方式和伴随状况，作方式状语和伴随状语时，可以变为并列分句，作其他状语时，可以变为相应的状语从句。
状语类型 例句
原因 Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.(＝Because she had a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.)(2024·浙江1月卷)
伊娃的方向感很差，她发现在这么大的建筑里无法走动。
条件 Turning to the right，you will find a path leading to his cottage.(＝If you turn to the right，you will find a path leading to his cottage.)
向右转，你就可以找到一条通往他的小屋的路。
让步 Admitting what she has said，I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.(＝Although I admit what she has said，I still think that she hasn’t tried her best.)
我尽管承认她所说的话，但仍然认为她没有尽她最大的努力。
时间 Hearing the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai.(＝When they heard the news，they immediately set off for Shanghai.)
听到这个消息，他们立即出发到上海去了。
结果 The old scientist died all of a sudden，leaving the project unfinished.(＝The old scientist died all of a sudden so that he left the project unfinished.)
那位老科学家突然去世了，留下了未完成的项目。
方式 Please answer the question using another way.(＝Please answer the question and use another way.)
请用另一种方式回答这个问题。
伴随 I stood there，waiting for her.(＝I stood there and waited for her.)
我站在那儿等她。
[名师指津]　－ing形式作结果状语，是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的内容，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。试比较：
He was caught in the rain，thus making himself catch a cold.
他淋了雨后就感冒了。
I hurried to school，only to find it was Sunday.
我匆忙赶到学校，结果发现是星期天。
三、－ing形式作状语时的注意事项
1.－ing形式的否定式：not＋doing；not having＋done
Not knowing this，he didn’t come.
他不知道这件事，所以没来。
Not having made full preparations，we put off the sports meeting.
因为没有做好充分的准备，我们把运动会延期了。
2.－ing形式作状语时，可根据需要在其前面加上一些词或短语，表示特殊含义，常用的连词有：when，while，after，before，since，once，unless，as if，even if，though等。“从属连词＋现在分词”可以视为状语从句的省略。
While (he was) waiting for the bus，he met Mary.
等公共汽车时，他遇到了玛丽。
After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
在大学里学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又开始观察大自然并提出问题。
3.独立主格结构
－ing形式作状语，有时它可以有自己独立的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，通常用来表示伴随的动作或情况，也可以表示时间、原因或条件。
The trees are extremely tall，some measuring over 90 metres.
那些树非常高，其中一些测量为90多米。
The weather being fine，we went out for a walk.
由于天气好，我们去散步了。
4.－ing形式作评注性状语
有些－ing形式在句中没有逻辑主语，它们往往作为句子的评注性状语来修饰整个句子，表明说话者的态度、观点等。例如：generally speaking“一般来说”， judging by/from...“从……判断”，taking everything into consideration“从全盘考虑”。
Judging from his behaviour，he must be mad.
从他的行为来判断，他一定是疯了。
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.The child slipped and fell, ____________ (hit) his head against the door.
2._____________ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I was amazed by the co－existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.(2023·全国乙卷)
3.____________ (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
4.____________ (see) nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note.
5.____________ (keep) on your feet, you will make yourself more tired.
6.____________ (use) a stick，the painter drew a picture on the ground in ten minutes.
hitting
Having visited
Having spent
Seeing
Keeping
Using
Ⅱ.同义句转换
1.Although he lived miles away, he attended the lecture.
→________________， he attended the lecture.
2.If weather permits, we shall go there on foot.
→_________________，we shall go there on foot.
3.Though he had been told several times，he still couldn’t understand the rules.
→________________ several times，he still couldn’t understand the rules.
Living miles away
Weather permitting
Having been told
4.Because she didn’t have much money, Mary decided not to go on the trip.
→________________________，Mary decided not to go on the trip.
5.When spring came, the trees turned green.
→_________________, the trees turned green.
Not having much money
Spring coming

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