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(共55张PPT)
Unit 10 You’re supposed to
shake hands.
Can you compare the table manners in France and in China
2a What do you know about customs in foreign countries What do you think is the biggest challenge when visiting a foreign country
e. g. My cousin went to America, and she said that
learning basic table manners was her biggest
challenge. ① She never knew what she was
supposed to do at the dinner table.
2b Read the letter and answer the questions.
1. Why is Lin Yue in France
2. Does she enjoy staying with her host family
How do you know
Because she is on her student exchange program.
Yes. From the second sentence “. . . I'm having a great
time. . . ” we can know that.
3. How does she feel about making mistakes when she speaks French
4. What is the biggest challenge she is facing
She doesn't worry about the mistakes.
Her biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
Dear Laura,
Thanks for your message. Yes, I'm having a great time on my student exchange program in France. ② I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. ③ My host family is really nice. They go out of their way to make me feel at home. ④ The grandmother knows that I miss Chinese food a lot. So she actually learned how to make Chinese food! ⑤ She also has a teenage granddaughter about my age who is really kind. ⑥
She always talks to me in French to help me practice. ⑦ You wouldn't believe how quickly my French has improved because of that. I'm very comfortable speaking French now. Although I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn't worry me as it used to.
You wouldn’t believe...意为“你无法想象/你想都想不到/ 你绝不会相信……”，表示所陈述的事情超出想象之外，类似的表达有“You would never/hardly believe...”。
My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. ⑧ As you can imagine, things are very different from the way they are at home. For example, you‘re not supposed to put your bread on your plate. You’re supposed to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I‘m used to it. ⑨ Another example is that you're not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. ⑩
动名词短语，在句中作表语。
You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is impolite to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, “That was delicious. ” Also, you're not supposed to put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I'm gradually getting used to it.
I don't find French customs so strange anymore.
I'll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you're having a good school year.
Yours,
Lin Yue
2c Read the sentences and replace the underlined words with the phrases in the box.
1. Making mistakes in French used
to make Lin Yue nervous.
2. It was quite hard for her to feel
good about speaking French.
3. The host family
tried very hard to help Lin Yue.
4. Lin Yue has slowly learned how
to be like her French friends.
went out of their way
be comfortable (doing)
gradually gotten used to being
(something) worry(someone)
2d Review the passage and make notes about French customs in the chart.
Dos Don'ts
You're expected to put your bread on the table.
You're not supposed to put your bread on your plate.
You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.
If you don't want any more food, you should just say, “That was delicious. ”
You're not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit.
It's impolite to say you're full.
You're not supposed to put your elbows on the table.
2e Compare the table manners in France and China in your group. How are they the same or different Make a list.
eg. In France, people put their bread on the table. But in China, we always put our food on a plate or in a bowl. We never put food on the table.
①My cousin went to America, and she said that learning basic table manners was her biggest challenge.
basic /'be s k/ adj. 基本的；基础的
The family is the basic unit of society.
家庭是社会的基本单位。
He bases his novel on a true story.
=His novel is based on a true story.
他的小说以一个真实的故事为基础。
base n.
基础；基地；底边
v. 以……为基础
basically adv.
基本上；从根本上说
base A on B=A is based on B 意为“A 以B 为基础”。
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温馨提示：可返回原文
考题1：[宿迁改编] —What does UNICEF do for children in poor areas
—It provides ________ _____________(基础教育) for them.
basic education
②Yes, I’m having a great time on my student exchange program in France.
exchange / ks't e nd / n. & v. 交换
We need to promote an open exchange of ideas.
我们需要促进思想的公开交流。
I will teach you Chinese in exchange for you teaching me English.
我教你汉语，作为交换，你教我英语。
拓展：(1) exchange 作动词时，意为“交换”。常用搭配：exchange... for… “用……交换……”；exchange ... with sb. “与某人交换……”。
Can I exchange an apple for four oranges
我可以用一个苹果换四个橙子吗？
Will you exchange seats with me
你愿意和我换座位吗？
(2) change 作动词时，意为“改变；变化”。
Nothing will make me change my mind.
没有什么能让我改变主意。
exchange 作名词时的常用短语：
an exchange of...交换……
in exchange (for) ...作为(……的) 交换
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考题2：Tracy, _____ exchange student from Norway, is _____ university student in Heilongjiang now.
A. a; an B. an; the C. an; a
【点拨】两个空都表示泛指。exchange 是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an 修饰；university 是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a 修饰。
C
③I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be.
There was / is no reason (for sb.) to do sth.(某人) 没有理由做某事。
There is no reason to be late. 没有理由迟到。
There is no reason for you to be upset. You did your best.
=You have no reason to be upset. You did your best.
你没有理由难过。你已经尽力了。
拓展： (1) 可用于“There be no + 名词+ (for sb.) to do sth.”句式的名词还有need, time 等。
There is no need to worry about this. 没有必要担心这件事。
(2) There is no doubt... 意为“毫无疑问……”，后面接that 从句。
There is no doubt that she will keep her word.
毫无疑问她会遵守诺言。
“Sb. have/has no reason to do sth.”也表示“某人没有理由做某事。”，可与“There is no reason for sb. to do sth.”进行转换。
考题3：Calm down. There’s no _______ to be nervous about this small thing.
A. need B. excuse
C. example D. way
A
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④They go out of their way to make me feel at home.
(1) (重点) go out of one’s way 特地；格外努力
go out of one’s way to do sth. 格外努力做某事，相当于try/do one’s best to do sth.
The teacher went out of his way to explain the difficult concept in a simple way so that everyone could understand. 老师尽量用简单的方式解释了这个难懂的概念，以便每个人都能理解。
=tried his best to explain
way 的相关短语：① in the way 挡道
② lead the way 带路，引路
③ in this way 用这种方式
④ lose one’s way 迷路
⑤ make one’s way to 到……地方去
⑥ by the way 顺便说一下
⑦ in a way 在某种程度上
⑧ on the/one’s way(to) 在(去) ……的路上
考题4: 端午节那天，厨师们特地给孩子们包了饺子。
The cooks _____________________ to make dumplings for the kids on the Dragon Boat Festival.
【点拨】go out of one’s way 意为“特地；格外努力”。结合语境可知句子时态是一般过去时；根据“The cooks”可知，此处的one’s 需用their代替。
went out of their way
(2) make... feel at home 使 (某人) 感到宾至如归
I’ll try my best to make you feel at home.
我会尽力使你感到宾至如归。
Lucy’s mother tried her best to make us feel at home.
露西的妈妈尽力让我们感到宾至如归。
make 表示“使得”，其宾语之后可接名词、形容词、不定式(不带to) 、过去分词、介词短语等作宾语补足语。
拓展: 在主动语态中, make 后接省去to 的动词不定式, 变为被动语态时to要还原。
The boss made the workers work for ten hours a day.
老板让工人们每天工作十小时。
改为被动语态：
The workers were made to work for ten hours a day by the boss. 工人们被老板要求每天工作十小时。
考题5: [荆州] 友好的荆州人不管在何处都应该尽力让游客感到像在家里一样。(make)
A friendly person in Jingzhou should do his best to ________________________, wherever he happens to be.
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make visitors feel at home
⑤So she actually learned how to make Chinese food!
“疑问词+ 动词不定式”作宾语
“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构常位于以下动词后作宾语：tell, remember, know, learn, teach, forget 等。
Could you please tell me how to get to the station
请问你能告诉我怎么到达车站吗？
She is thinking where to spend the weekend.
她正在考虑去哪里过周末。
“疑问词+ 动词不定式 ”在句中作learned 的宾语。
拓展：“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构相当于一个名词性从句，无论它在句子中作什么成分，常常都可用同等成分的从句替代。改为从句时只要在疑问词后面添加一个适当的主语，并将动词不定式改为适当形式的谓语即可。
Can you teach me how to ride a bike =Can you teach me how I should ride a bike 你能教我怎么骑自行车吗？
疑问词分为疑问代词(who/what/which 等) 和疑问副词(when/where/how 等) 。
考题6: —Daddy, the Mid-Autumn Festival is coming. Could you please tell me ______ for my grandparents
—You can buy some mooncakes, fruit and flowers for them.
A．how to buy B．what to buy
C．where to buy D．when to buy
【点拨】考查“疑问词+ 动词不定式”结构。根据答语“You can buy some mooncakes, fruit and flowers for them.” 可知，询问的是应该买什么。
B
考题7: [重庆A 卷] Please teach me how I can play the piano. (改为同义句)
Please teach me how _________ the piano.
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to play
⑥She also has a teenage granddaughter about my age who is really kind.
granddaughter / ɡr nd t (r) / n. (外) 孙女
前缀grand- 与parents，father，mother，son，daughter等构成的合成词，表示亲属关系中的“(外)祖……”或“(外)孙……”，如：
grand+parents=grandparents(外)祖父母
grand+father=grandfather(外)祖父
grand+mother=grandmother(外)祖母
是由“grand + daughter”构成的合成词。对应词为grandson(外) 孙子。
She gave a lot of books to her granddaughter.
她给了她的(外) 孙女很多书。
Mr Wang has three grandchildren, one granddaughter and two grandsons.
王先生有三个(外) 孙子孙女，一个(外) 孙女和两个(外) 孙子。
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⑦She always talks to me in French to help me practice.
动词不定式作状语
动词不定式作状语, 在句中可用来表示目的、结果、原因等。
为动词不定式短语，在句中作目的状语。
小贴士：动词不定式短语作目的状语时，可以放在句首以加强语气。
To get better at designing, Wan studied fine art in college.
为了在设计方面变得更好，万在大学学习美术。(表目的)
He searched the room only to find nothing.
他满屋找却一无所获。(表结果)
The manager was very surprised to see his staff here.
看到他的员工在这里，经理非常吃惊。(表原因)
考题8: _______ our students responsible and independent, the military training (军训) has become traditional in China.
A．Making B．To make C．Make
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B
⑧My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.
behave /b 'he v/ v. 表现；举止
behave 可作不及物动词，也可作及物动词。常用短语：behave oneself“表现得体；有礼貌”；behave well/badly “表现好/ 差”。
此处用作不及物动词。
We’re supposed to behave ourselves at any time.
在任何时候我们都应该有礼貌。
Mary always behaves so well that everyone likes her.
玛丽总是举止得体，以至于每个人都喜欢她。
Good behavior is a sign of good quality.
好行为是好品质的标志。
behave 的词形变化：
behavior n . 举止；行为
-behaved(用于构成形容词) 表现得……的
↓
well-behaved 表现好的
badly-behaved 表现差的
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考题9: He often _________ (举止) like a child, although he is in his forties.
behaves
⑨I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it.
(重点) be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做) 某事
be used to 也可以说成 get used to。
辨析: be / get used to, used to, be used to 与be used for
be/get used to 习惯于 后接名词、代词或动名词。be强调状态; get 强调动作。
used to 过去常常 后接动词原形。常构成句型There
used to be... 意为“过去常常有……”。
be used to 被用来 后接动词原形。
be used for 被用于 后接名词或动名词。
The air is rather thin here, but you will be used to it in time.
这里的空气比较稀薄，但你慢慢会习惯的。
I get used to getting up early. 我习惯早起。
The river used to be dirty. 这条河曾经很脏。
Pens are used to write. = Pens are used for writing. 钢笔被用来写字。
格言: The important thing in life is to have a great aim and the determination to attain it.
人生之要事在于拥有伟大的目标与实现这个目标的决心。
考题10: [岳阳] My grandfather used to ______ TV at home after dinner, but now he is used to ______ out for a walk.
A. watch; go B. watch; going C. watching; go
B
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⑩ Another example is that you’re not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit.
(高频) except / k'sept/ prep. 除……之外 conj. 除了; 只是
except 作介词时，意为“除……之外”。其后可接名词、代词、动词-ing 形式，常与always，never，everyone，everything 等词连用。
形近词 expect v. 期望;预料
We work every day except Sunday. 我们除星期天外每天都工作。
The walls were bare except for a clock.
墙上除了一只挂钟什么也没有。
拓展：except 作连词时，意为“除了；只是”。
I have a dress just like that one, except mine is blue.
我有一件跟那件很像的连衣裙，只是我的是蓝色的。
特别提醒: except 构成的短语若位于主语之后，谓语动词要与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
辨析：except, besides, except for 与but
except 意为“除……之外”，强调所排除的内容不包括在内，含有“减去”的意思。
besides 意为“除……之外(还) ”，包括besides 后面的内容，含有“加上”的意思。
except for 意为“除……以外(不包括在内) ”，一般其前后的词语表示的不是同类事物，指对某种基本情况进行具体细节方面的修正。可置于句首。
but but 也可以表示“除……之外”，指不包括在内，常和no, nothing, nobody 等词连用，有时可与except 互换。
温馨提示: besides 作介词时，意为“除…… 之外(还) ”；beside 作介词，意为“在……旁边”。
What other languages do you know besides English
除了英语之外，你还懂其他什么语言？
Your composition is quite good except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几处拼写错误外，你的作文相当好。
Everybody was invited to the evening party but / except me.
除了我之外，每个人都被邀请参加晚会。
考题11: [眉山] Everyone is here e Alan, because he is still ill in hospital.
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xcept
I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m gradually getting used to it.
find it + adj. + to do sth. 发现做某事怎么样
此结构中it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的to do sth.，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。
You may find it necessary to finish the work ahead of time.
你可能会发现提前完成工作是必要的。
拓展：类似用法的动词还有think, believe, suppose, make, consider, feel 等。
Do you think it useful to make such a machine
你认为制造这样一台机器有用吗？
考题12: He found _______ very interesting to visit Harbin in winter.
A. this B. that C. it
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C
本节课主要学习了单词although, except的用法, 短语go out of one’s way to do sth. , make sb. do sth. , be comfortable doing的用法, 动词不定式短语作目的状语的用法以及find it +adj. + to do sth. 的用法。

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