人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4Why don't you talk to your parents? 知识点(含短语 句型 精讲 作文)

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人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4Why don't you talk to your parents? 知识点(含短语 句型 精讲 作文)

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人教版八年级下册英语Unit 4 知识点(含短语+句型+精讲+作文)
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents
一、课内短语归纳
1. have free time有空闲时间
2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛
4. after-school classes课外活动课
5. get into a fight with sb.与某人吵架/打架
6. until midnight直到半夜
7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈
8. too many太多
9. study too much学得过多
10. get enough sleep有足够的睡眠
11. write sb. a letter给某人写信
12. call sb. up打电话给某人
13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶
14. look through翻看
15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气
16. a big deal重要的事
17. work out成功地发展;解决
18. get on with与...相处
19. fight a lot经常吵架/打架
20. hang over笼罩
21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
23. so that以便
24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事
25. all the time一直
26. in future今后
27. make sb. angry使某人生气
28. worry about sth. 担心某事
29. copy one’ s homework抄袭某人的作业
30. be oneself做自己
31. family members 家庭成员
32. spend time alone独自消磨时光
33. give sb. pressure给某人施压
34. have a fight with sb. 与某人吵架
pete with sb. 与某人竞争
36. free time activities业余活动
37. get better grades取得更好的成绩
38. give one’ s opinion提出某人的观点
39. learn exam skills学习应试技巧
40. practice sports体育训练
41. cause stress造成压力
42. cut out删除
二、重点词汇解析
1. allow
意为“允许;许可”,常用于“allow sb. to do sth.”结构,表示“允许某人做某事”。allow后面可接动名词作宾语,不可用动词不定式作宾语,即:allow doing sth.“允许做某事”。
例如:
My father allowed me to play basketball after finishing my homework. 我的父亲允许我做完作业后打篮球。
They do not allow smoking in public. 他们不允许在公共场合吸烟。
※ allow用于被动语态时,必须接不定式作宾语补足语,不能接动名词形式。“Sb. / Sth. be allowed to do sth.”结构,也可在allow后面接介词短语,即“Sb. / Sth. be allowed 介词短语”。如:
Women were not allowed to take part in the games. 妇女是不允许参加这些比赛的。
I don’t allow dogs in the house. 我不允许狗进屋。
2. until
(1) 用于肯定句,until表示“直到….为止”,肯定形式表示的意思是''做某事直至某时'',动词必须是延续性的。
I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
(在肯定句中可用before代替 Let”s get in the wheat before the sun sets.)
(2) 用于否定句:not… until表示“直到…才”。否定形式表达的意思是''直至某时才做某事''。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。
She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock. 她直到6点才到。
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。
I can’t do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后,我才会做。
3. find
(1) find后面可以直接跟宾语,即:find sb /sth
(2) find后面可以跟从句作宾语:find that...或者find +what疑问词引导的宾语从句。
They found that they had made a mistake. 他们发现他们犯了一个错误。
(3) find后可以跟双宾语:find +sb +sth
I found him a good job.我给他找了个好工作。
(4) find + sb /sth + doing sth. He found the old man working in his garden. 他发现那个老人正在花园里干活。
4. deal
(1) 用作名词主要用于 a good [great] deal (of)表示“许多” a great [good] deal of 之后通常接不可数名词:
He seems to have a good deal of money. 他似乎有很多钱。
He has done a great deal of traveling. 他旅游了很多地方。
(2) 用作动词,用于 deal with, 意为“处理”、“对付”、“对待”、 “论述”、“做买卖”等:
How shall we deal with this matter 这事我们怎么处理
I don’t know how to deal with him. 我不知怎样与他相处。
5. get on with
相当于get along, 表示“与…友好相处”。
He is slowly getting on with his schoolmates. 他正慢慢地和同学们友好相处。
The new teacher is getting on well with the students. 新教员和学生们相处得很好。
6. argue
(1) argue about (over) sth 为某事而争论。如:
They always argue about [over] money. 他们总是为钱争吵。
They are arguing about [over] who lost the ball. 他们在争论是谁丢了球。
注:有时 argue 后可接 with sb, 表示与某人争吵。
He argued with the driver about the fare. 他就车费与司机论理。
(3) argue sb into (out of) (doing) sth说服某人做(不做)某事。如:
They tried to argue me into joining them. 他们设法要说服我加入他们一起干。
We argued him out of going on such a dangerous journey. 我们说服他不去作那样危险的旅行。
7. hang over 笼罩;威胁
Trouble hangs over the little town because its only factory has closed down. 这个小镇陷入困境之中,因为它唯一的工厂已经关闭。
Danger hung over his head as he spoke. 他说话时,危难正降临到他头上。
8. offer
offer有''(主动)拿给,给予''的意思,相当于give, 后可接名词或代词作宾语,也可接双宾语,即offer sb sth =offer sth to sb, 如:
The young man offered the old man his own seat on the bus. 那个年轻人在公共汽车上将自己的座位让给了那个老人。
Many people willingly offered their blood. 很多人自愿献血。
9. communicate
communicate的基本意思是“传达”“表达”,指把信息、知识、性能等传达给有关各方使用,引申可表示“交际”“交流”“交通”或“相连”“相通”。 communicate接介词to可以表示“传送给…”,接with可以表示“与…联系”或“与…相通”。
He has communicated his wishes to me. 他已经把他的愿望告诉了我。
I like to communicate with my family. 我喜欢和我的家人沟通。
10. explain
解释;说明,后面接名词、从句作宾语。
Will you please explain the third paragraph again for us 请您把第三段给我们再解释一下好吗
Can you explain why you were late 你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗
11. return
(1) “返回”,相当于“go back / get back / come back.. 如:Ann will visit you when he returns to London. (当“返回”时是不及物动词,先加to才可再加地点。另外,return已含有back的意思,后不可再跟back.)
(2) “归还”,相当于“give back”如:I have returned the dictionary. (当“归还”时是及物动词,后直接加物,若再接人时方可加to. 同样不可再跟back. 如:You should return the piano to Dick on time.)
12. leave
(1) leave for 是出发至某处 如: He left for Beijing yesterday.
(2) leave sth for sb 是把什么留给什么人 如:She left these flowers for you. leave sb for sb 是离开什么人去和什么人在一起 如:He left his wife for a young lady.
(3) leave sth to do sth 是指为做某事离开某处 如:He left her house to catch the last bus.
(4) leave sb doing sth 是让某人单独做某事 如:Don’t leave your children playing with fire.
forget和leave的用法与区别:
forget to do 忘记做某事 forget doing 忘记曾做过某事 leave sth some place 把某物落在某地(忘在某地)如:
I left my assignment at home.(我把作业落在家里了)
I forget to bring my assignment(我忘记带作业了)
13. opinion
(1) n.意见,主张;评价;鉴定,判定 What’s your opinion about this trip 你对这次旅行有什么看法
(2) in one’s opinion.... 在某人看来.如:
In my opinion, it’s important for us to protect the earth. 我认为,对我们来说保护地球很重要.
也可以写成I think it is important for us to protect the earth. 但用了I think千万不要用in my opinion了.
14. continue
表示继续做某事,其后既可接动名词也可接不定式,且意义相同。
They continued to meet [meeting] daily. 他们继续每天都见面。
He continued to write [writing] while in hospital. 他住院时他继续写作。
pare
(1)表示“把……与……比较”,通常用 compare...with...,但在现代英语中,也可用compare... to...,或者用 compare...and...
If you compare his work with [and] hers, you’ll find hers is much better. 要是把他俩的工作比较一下,就会发现她的好得多。
Having compared the new dictionary with [to, and] the old one, he found the new one more helpful. 将新旧词典比较之后,他发现新词典更有用。
(2)表示“把……比作……”,通常用 compare...to...,一般不用 compare...with...。如:
Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose. 诗人把他所爱的女人比作玫瑰。
三、必背经典句
1. I studied until mid night last night so I didn’t get enough sleep. 我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。
2. Why don ''t you forge t about it =why not forget about it 你为什么不忘掉它呢
3. Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal. 虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。
4. He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。
5. May be you could go to his house. 也许你可以去他家。
6. When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home. 当他们吵架的时候,我们的家就像笼罩在大大的乌云一样。
7. I guess I could, but I don’t want to surprise him. 我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。
8. Life shouldn’t just be about grades. 生活不应该仅仅与成绩有关。
四、语法精讲
1. Why don’t you…?等提建议的句型及其常用答语
Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening 为什么今晚你不早点儿去睡觉呢?
You should talk to him so that you can say you’re sorry. 你应和他谈谈,以便你可以说声抱歉。
Maybe you could go to his house. 或许你可以去他家
以上三句均是提建议的句子。
在英语中,提建议的常用表达有:
(1) Why don’t you do sth?相当于Why not do sth?你为什么不做某事呢?
Why don’t you talk to your parents
= Why not talk to your parents?你为什么不和你父母谈一谈呢?
(2) What/How about (doing) sth?(做)某事怎么样/好吗?
What/How about having dinner with me?和我一起去吃晚饭好吗?
(3) Let’s do sth 咱们做某事吧。
Let’s make a birthday card for her. 咱们给她制作一张生日贺卡吧。
(4) You should (not) do sth 你(不)应当做某事。
You should (not) do more exercise. 你(不)应当多锻炼。
(5) You’d better (not) do sth 你最好(不)做某事。
You’d better (not)go out.你最好(不要)出去。
(6) Would you like sth/to do sth?你想要某物/做某事吗?
Would you like to have a try?你想试一试吗?
(7) You could do sth 你可以做某事。
You could write to her. 你可以给她写信。
※ 常用答语:
肯定回答:
Good idea!好主意!
That’s a good idea!那是个好主意!
OK/All right./Great.好/行/太好了。
Yes, please/I’d love/like to.是的。/我很愿意。
No problem. 没问题。
Sounds good/great.听起来不错/很好
That sounds good/great…(那)听起来不错/很好
I agree with you.
我同意你的看法。
※ 否定回答:
I don’t think so. 我不这样认为。
I’d love/like to, but I have to ... 我很愿意,但我得……
That sounds boring. 那听上去很乏味。
I’m afraid ... 恐怕……
Sorry, I can’t./Sorry ,but... 抱歉,我不能。/抱歉,但是......
2. 连词until, so that及 though/although引导的状语从句
You should keep trying to talk to her until she talks to you. 你应当继续同她说话,直到她和你说话为止
He should talk to his friend so that he can say he’s sorry. 他应和他的朋友该谈,以便他可以说声抱歉。
Although she’s wrong, it’s not a big deal.尽管她做得不对,但也没什么了不起的。
以上三句中,until引导时间状语从句,so that引导目的状语从句,although引导让步状语从句。
(1) until引导时间状语从句
连词until意为“直到……为止;到……时”,引导时间状语从句,常放在主句之后,也可以放在主句之前。主句为一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
until用于肯定句中,意为“直到…为止”,主句谓语动词须用延续性动词;用于否定句中,意为“直到……才……”,主句谓语动词通常用非延续性动词,也可用延续性动词。
She often works in the field until it gets dark. 她经常在田里干活到天黑
We didn’t go home until the rain stopped. 直到雨停了,我们オ回家。
I won’t believe it until I see it with my own eyes. 直到亲眼看见,我才会相信。
(2) so that引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句
① so that意为“以便”,引导目的状语从句时,一般放在主句后,且不用逗号隔开。目的状语从句表示动机(即一种可能性),而非事实,因此,从句中常带有can,will,could,would,should等情态动词。
I got up early so that I could catch the early bus. 我起得早,以便能赶上早班公共汽车。
You must go now so that you won’t be late. 你必须现在就去,以便不会迟到。
② so that意为“以至于;结果”,引导结果状语从句,陈述的是客观事实,常常不带情态动词。
He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 他努力学习,结果通过了考试。
(3) although引导让步状语从句
连词although意为“虽然;尽管;即使”,引导让步状语从句,可以放在主句前面,也可以放在主句后面。
Although you are tall, I’m not afraid of you. 尽管你个子高,但我不怕你。
You could help him although you didn’t let him copy your homework. 尽管你不让他抄你的作业,但你可以帮助他。
五、重点句子讲解
1. My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.我父母不允许我和朋友们一起出去闲逛。
allow此处用作及物动词,意为“允许;准许”,常用短语 allow sb to do sth 意为“允许某人做某事“。
The doctor allowed him to take a short walk every day. 医生允许他每天进行短距离的散步。
Parents should allow their children to do things that they like. 父母应该允许孩子们做他们喜欢的事。
※ allow的其他用法
1) allow sth “允许某事”。
I don’t think she will allow it. 我想她不会允许这件事的。
2)allow doing sth “允许做某事”。
3)be allowed to do sth “被允许做某事”
Passengers are not allowed to smoke on the bus. 在公交车上,乘客不允许抽烟。
2. Well, I guess you could tell her to say sorry. 哦,我想你可以要她道歉。
(1) guess本意为“猜;猜测”。I guess ... 这一结构与I think ...,类似,表达“我想…",用于陈述自己的观点、看法及建议。该句式若变为否定句,则要用“否定转移”。
I guess (that) he is right. 我想他是正确的 。
I don’t guess (that) he is right. 我认为他不对。
(2) say sorry (to sb)表示“(向某人)道歉”。类似这样的口语表达还有:
say hello/hi to ... 向……问候;问候......
say thanks to ... 向……致谢;感谢......
say goodbye to ... 向......道别
3. I don' t know if I should say anything to them about this. 我不知道我是否应该就这件事对他们说点儿什么。
if作连词,此处引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,同义词为 whether。
I don’t know if/whether he will come.我不知道他是否会来。
※ if作连词,还常用来引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”,(主将从现)
We’ll go to play football if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨的话,我们就去踢足球。
4. If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help. 如果你的父母遇到问题,你应该主动提供帮助。
offer及物动词,意为“主动提出;自愿给予;提供”。
offer to do sth 意为“主动提出做某事”。
The girl offered the old man her seat. 这个女孩主动把座位让给了老人。
Mary often offers to help me with my English. 玛丽经常主动帮我学英语。
※ 辨析:offer与 provide
offer“主动提出;自愿给予;提供”, 常用于offer sb sth或 offer sth to sb结构。
She offered me a job.
= She offered a job to me. 她提供给我一份工作。
provide为做好准备而“提供;供应”,常用于 provide sb with sth或provide sth for sb 结构。
The school provided food for the students.
= The school provided the students with food. 学校为学生们提供伙食。
5. You left your homework at home. 你把作业忘在家里了。
leave(left,left)此处用作及物动词,意为“遗留;落下,常用结构为" leave sth +介词短语(地点状语)”,表示“把某物遗忘在某处”。
I left my bag in the classroom. 我把我的包忘在教室里了。
※ 辨析:leave与 forget
leave“遗留落下”,指把某物忘在某地,其后接地点状语。
She left her keys in the room. 她把钥匙忘在房间里了。
forget“忘记”,指由于记忆上的忽略而忘记了某人或某事,后面可接名词,to do不定式或动词ing形式,不可接地点状语。
I forgot her address.我忘了她的地址。
6. You are afraid of speaking in front of people. 你害怕在人们面前说话。
afraid形容词,意为“害怕的;恐惧的”。afraid在句中一般作表语,不用在名词前作定语。其主要用法有:
(1) be afraid of sb /sth 害怕某人或某物。
The boy is afraid of his mother. 那个男孩怕他妈妈。
She is afraid of the dark. 她怕黑。
(2) be afraid of doing sth“害怕做某事”,侧重主语“担心、害怕”某事发生。
She is afraid of making mistakes. 她害怕犯错误。
He is afraid of flying. 他害怕坐飞机。
(3) be afraid to do sth不敢或害怕做某事”,侧重主语“不敢做某事”。
She is afraid to dive. 她不敢跳水。
He is afraid to fly. 他不敢坐飞机。
(4) be afraid +that从句“恐怕”多用于客气地提出个人意见或看法。
I’m afraid that I can’t go today. 恐怕我今天去不了。
7. However, the tired children don’t get home until after 7:00 pm. 然而,疲意的孩子们直到晚上7点以后才回到家。
not ... until ...意为“直到......オ......”,此句中 until作介词,句中的谓语动词常为非延续性动词,表示动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。until还可作连词,引导时间状语从句。
She can’t leave until Friday. 直到星期五她才能离开
I won’t go to sleep until the match is over. 直到比赛结束我才会去睡觉。
I didn’t do my homework until my mother came back from work last night. 昨晚直到我妈妈下班回来我才做家庭作业。
8. They have a quick dinner, and then it’s time for homework. 他们快速吃过晚饭,接着又到了做家庭作业的时间了。
(1) quick形容词,意为“快的;迅速的;时间短暂的”。其副词形式为quickly, 意为“快地;迅速地”, have a quick dinner意为”匆匆地吃晚饭”,相当于 have dinner quickly。
※ 辨析:quick与fast
quick 形容词,形容动作迅速、敏捷,强调动作快:
Be quick, or we’ll be late. 快点儿,否则我们要迟到了。
fast 形容词或副词,强调速度快:
He runs fast. He is a good runner. 他跑得很快,是一个很好的跑步者。
(2) It’s time for sth 意为“该做某事了;到做某事的时间了”,相当于 it’s time to do sth。
It’s time for breakfast.
= It’s time to have breakfast. 该吃早饭了。
9. And they are always comparing them with other children.并且她们总是把他们和别的孩子对比。
(1) be always doing sth意为“总是/一直做某事”,常含有厌恶、赞扬、抱怨等感彩,不表示某时刻正在发生的动作。
She is always thinking of others instead of herself. 她总是为别人而不是为自己着想。
You are always making the same mistake. 你总是犯同样的错误。
(2) compare 此处用作及物动词,意为“比较”,常用于 compare... with ...结构,意为“把…与…比较”。
Compare these sentences. 比较这些句子。
You could compare yourself with other good students. 你可以把自己和其他优秀生作比较。
※ 辨析:compare…with…与 compare…to…
compare…with...“把…与…比较”,常用于两个同类事物之间的具体比较,侧重区別。
We compared this picture with that one. 我们把这幅画和那幅画比较了一下。
compare…to…“把……比作…”,常用于两个不同性质的事物的抽象比较;compare…to…还可意为“把…与…比较”,此时可与compare…with…互换。
We often compare children to flowers. 我们经常把孩子比作花朵。
10. People shouldn’t push their kids so hard. 人们不应该把自己的孩子逼得太紧。
push此处用作及物动词,意为“鞭策;督促”,常用于 push sb to do sth结构,意为“督促某人做某事”。
Don’t push him so hard. 别把他逼得太紧。
We always have to push him to do his homework. 我们总是不得不督促他做家庭作业。
※ push还可意为“推动;移动;按”,可作及物动词,也可作不及物动词。反义词为pull,“拉”。
I pushed the car, but it didn’t move. 我推了推车,但它不动。
Push the button if you want the elevator. 如果你想要乘电梯,就按按钮。
六、作文积累
本单元的写作话题是"压力与解决"
典型例题:
1. 一名叫Lucy的中学生在网上发出了求助帖子。 在学校,她性格害羞,没有什么朋友,遇到困难时,不知道该向谁倾诉,而在家里,父母经常吵架。假如你是Tom, 给她回帖,帮助她走出困境。
范文:
Dear Lucy,
What you said is common with some middle school students. Here is my advice.
First, you should learn how to communicate with others and make as many friends as possible. Then when you are in trouble, you can ask your classmates or friends for help because they’re the same age as you and you can understand each other easily. Besides, you can also tell your teachers or parents about your trouble and ask for their help. You see, they are full of love and have rich experience. I’m sure they’ll help you a lot. If your parents argue a lot, you could make an effort to help them with housework so that they have enough time for proper communication. What’s more, you can tell them how bad you feel when they argued. Hope my advice can be helpful to you.
Yours,
Tom
2. 初二学生的学习压力更大了,生活中和父母的沟通中也遇到困难,是哪个故事或是哪个人影响帮助了你?请写一篇不少于80词的短文告诉大家。
内容提示:
(1) 你的学习和生活上有什么烦恼?
(2) 在哪个故事或人的影响下,你具体做了些什么?
(3) 你取得了什么效果,你的思想有了什么转变?
范文:
As is known to us all, students are facing a great deal of pressure from study, relationship with friends and family. As a result, not only will our daily life be influenced, but also our physical and mental health will be damaged greatly.
I used to be stressed out before exams because of my poor grades. One of my best friends realized my problem and told me “the less pressure you have, the better grades you will get”. From then on, I gradually relieved myself. On the one hand, I found better ways to study smartly instead of memorizing everything. On the other hand, regular exercise also contributed to building up a good mood, which helped me to change bad feelings into good ones.
And now, I am satisfied with my daily life and my study. Less pressure makes me feel happy and makes my study better.

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