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人教版八上Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.单元知识梳理
【Useful expressions】
1. more outgoing 更外向 2. as…as… 与……一样 …… 3. the singing competition 唱歌比赛 4. be similar to 与……相像的 /类似的 5. the same as 和……相同；与 ……一致 6. be different from 与……不同 7. care about 关心；介意 8. be like a mirror 像一面镜子 9. the most important 最重要的 10. as long as 只要；既然 11. bring out 使显现；使表现出 12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩 13. reach for 伸手取 14. in fact 事实上；实际上 15. make friends 交朋友 16. the other 其他的 17. touch one ’s heart 感动某人 18. be talented in music 有音乐天赋 19. be good at 擅长…… 20. be good with 善于与 ……相处 21. have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣 22. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 23. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 24. want to do sth. 想要做某事 25.primary school 小学
【Target sentences】
1.Sam has longer hair than Tom. 2.—Is Tom smarter than Sam —No, he isn’t. 3. —That’s Tara, isn't it —No, it isn't. 4.Which one... 5.—Is Tom smarter than Sam —No, he isn’t. Sam is smarter than Tom.　　　　　　 6.—Does Tara work as hard as Tina —Yes, she does. 7. —Who’s more hard-working at school —Tina thinks she works harder than me. 8.I think... 9.For me...　　　　　　 10.Molly studies harder than her best friend.
【Language points】
1. Both Tom and Sam can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.
both adj. & pron. 两个；两个都 1) both用作形容词，置于被修饰的名词前。 Look at the trees on both sides of the streets. 2) both用作代词，可单独使用，也可用于both of...结构。作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 Both of my parents are Chinese. 【易混辨析】 both...and...通常用来连接两个并列的句子成分，若连接两个并列成分作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 She works as both a hostess and a producer. Both Ann and her brother like listening to soft music.
2.That's Tara, isn't it
反义疑问句： 1）定义：是指在陈述句后附加一个简短问句 ，用于征询肯定或否定的意见，或者希望陈述句所说的内容得到证实。简短问句的主语应为相应的代词（there be句型除外） 2）形式： ①肯定的陈述句+否定的简短问句 ②否定的陈述句+肯定的简短问句 3）答语： 答语应符合事实。事实是肯定的，用yes；事实是否定的，用no。当句式是“前否定，后肯定”的结构时，翻译要以事实为依据，yes译为“不是”；no 译为“是的”。 4）例句： ①—There is someone in the room, isn’t there 房间里有人， 不是吗 —Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t. 是的，有人。/ 不。没人。 ②—Jim didn’t come to school yesterday, did he 吉姆昨天没有来学校， 是吗？ —Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t. 不是， 他来（学校）了。/是的， 他没有 来（学校）。
3.Tara works as hard as Tina.
as...as用来进行同级比较，中间要用形容词或副词的原级。 This movie is as moving as that one. 【拓展】：as...as的否定结构是not so/as...as...，意为“不如……那样……”。 My sister is not so/as outgoing as me.
4.You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though.
1）tell v. 知道；看出，tell在此处作动词，表示一种判断。 2）win v. 获胜；赢；赢得 ---win在本句中作不及物动词，意为“获胜；赢”。 Who doesn't want to win ---win也可作及物动词，意为“赢得”。其宾语通常为表示比赛项目、奖品或战争等的名词。 Our team won the football match. Britain won five gold medals. 辨析：win 与 beat ① win 表示“赢得；获胜 ”，用作及物动词时，其宾语为比赛的项目、奖品或战争等。 We won the basketball game. ② beat表示“打赢；战胜 ”，用于比赛时，其宾语为所战胜的对手。 Li Lei beat all the runners in the 100-metre race. 3）though adv. 不过；可是；然而 conj. 虽然；尽管；不过 ---though在此处作副词，意为“不过；可是；然而”。常位于句末，表示补充说明。 He said he would come. He didn’t, though. --though还可作连词，意为“虽然；尽管；不过”，引导让步状语从句，相当于although，但比although更口语化。though/although引导的让步状语从句时，不能和butl连用。 Though/Although the sun was shining, it wasn’t very warm.
5.is talented in music
talented作形容词，由“talent(n. 天赋) + -ed(后缀)”构成，其比较级为more talented。be talented in意为“在某方面有天赋”。 He is a talented artist. My sister is talented in playing the piano.
6.truly cares about me
care about为动词短语。care在此处作动词，意为“在意，担忧；关心”。 His parents care a lot about him. He seems to only care about money. 【拓展】 care for为动词短语，意为“照顾；照料”，相当于take care of。 She cared for it every day by watering it, weeding it and giving it plant food.
7.makes me laugh
① make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 该结构中的make后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。 The show was so funny that it made everyone laugh again and again. ② make + sb./sth. + adj. 使某人感到 ……；使……处于某种状态 The soft music makes Tina sleepy. ③ make sb./sth. + n. 使某人成为 …… The party made her a good teacher. ④ make sb./sth. + 过去分词 让某人被 …… I made myself understood by all the students. Mother made me clean my room yesterday morning. 2）laugh v. 笑；发笑 n. 笑声 laugh在此作动词，laugh at sb. “嘲笑某人”。 Don't laugh at people in trouble.
8.My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.
like在此处是介词，意为“像”。这种用法是英语中的一种修辞格：明喻。 I think friends are like books. Life is like a coin. Pleasure and pain are the two sides.
9.But I think friends are like books — you don't need a lot of them as long as they're good.
as long as 在此处意为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。当主句为一般将来时或主句谓语含有情态动词时，as long as引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。 As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. We can go for a picnic as long as the weather is fine.
10.It’s not necessary to be the same.
1）necessary adj. 必需的；必要的 necessary作形容词，只能用来修饰事物，不能修饰人，常用于It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.“（对某人来说）做某事是必要的”句式。 Friendship is necessary for us. It's necessary for us to keep healthy. 2）It’s+形+（for sb.）to do sth. “做某事（对某人来说）是... ”
11.My best friend Larry is quite different from me.
be different from 与……不同；与……有差异 be different from为固定搭配，different 为形容词，意为“不同的”，其前可用quite、very等词修饰。 The truth is quite different from what you said. The weather here is different from that in Beijing.
12.However, Larry often helps to bring out the best in me.
bring out 为及物动词短语。bring out the best/worst in sb. “把某人最好/最坏的一面表现或显露出来”。 Difficulties can bring out a person's best qualities. 【拓展】 bring out 还可表示“把……拿出来；出版（书籍）”。 My teacher asked me to bring out my homework. He has brought out 5 books.
13.I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.
if 在此处作连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，作动词care的宾语。 I don't know if/whether he is at home. 【拓展】 if 还可意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。 I will wait for you if you want to go with me tomorrow.
14. I don't really care if my friends are the same as me or different.
the same as为固定短语，与be different from意思相反。same常与定冠词the连用。 It's not necessary to find a friend who is the same as you.
15.My best friend is similar to Larry because she's less hard-working than me.
be similar to是固定短语，其中similar作形容词，意为“相像的；类似的”。 The boy is similar to his father. They are both quiet.
16.Call the English Study Center at 443-5667 for more information.
1)call...at...为固定搭配，at后接电话号码。 If you can't find the place, please call me at 766-9788. 2)information为不可数名词。表示“一条信息”用a piece of information；表示“一些信息”用some information。 He is reading a piece of information. There is some useful information in this book.
17.be good with children
1)be good with 擅于（应对）…… 2)be good at 擅长… (＝ do well in) 反义短语：be poor / weak in 在...方面弱； 3)be good for “对……有益”，后跟人或事物； 其反义短语是be bad for。 4)be good to “对……好(和善；慈爱)”，相当于 be friendly to，后面通常接人
【Grammar Focus】
形容词和副词的同级比较 as...as用来进行同级比较，中间要用形容词或副词的原级。 This movie is as moving as that one. 【拓展】：as...as的否定结构是not so/as...as，意为“不如……那样……”。 My sister is not so/as outgoing as me. 形容词和副词的比较级常用结构 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级。比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，说明“前者比后者更……”。 1)比较级+than A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B Tom is taller than me. A + 实义动词 + 副词比较级+ than + B Tom runs faster than me (do). 2)“the + 比较级 + of the two” 意为 “两者中比较……的”。 eg:Lisa is the quicker of the two. 3)“比较级 + and + 比较级” 或 “more and more+ 形容词/副词原级”，表示 “越来越……”，其后均不可接than。 After the New Year, the day is becoming warmer and warmer. Chinese is becoming more and more important. 4)“The + 比较级, the + 比较级” 意为 “越……,越……”。 The harder she worked, the more progress she made. 5)“Which/Who... + 比较级, A or B ” 表示 “A和B，哪一个/谁 更……？” Who is taller, Jim or Tom Which book is better, this one or that one 6)“A...+ 倍数 + 比较级 + than + B” 表示 “A是B的多少倍”。 Our school is three times bigger than yours. 7)“比较级 + than any other + 可数名词单数” = “比较级 + than the other + 可数名词复数”，表示“比其他任何/所有……都……”。该句型在同一范围内进行比较。 Who is taller, Jim or Tom Which book is better, this one or that one 8)“比较级 + than any + 可数名词单数”，意为 “比任何……都”，表示不在同一范围内比较。 China is larger than any country in Africa. 3.形容词和副词的比较级注意事项 1) 比较对象必须一致。 My hair is longer than yours. 2)有时为了避免重复，可用that或those代替前面提到的词，而且that或those不能省略。 The weather in Hainan is warmer than that in Beijing. His stories are more interesting than those I told. 4.可修饰比较级的词 当表示一方超过另一方的“程度”时，可以用much、a lot、a little、a bit、even、far等来修饰形容词比较级。注意：比较级不能用very、so、too等修饰。 He is much more serious than his brother. This book is even more useful than that one. Can you come to school a little earlier tomorrow morning

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