资源简介

UNIT 2 Period Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading——析考点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1. ____________ vt.值得，应得
2.____________ vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
3.____________ vi.& vt.(_______________________， ____________)哭泣，流泪
4.____________ vt.(__________， ___________________)受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜
5.____________ vi.& vt.(使)变形， (使)改观，(使)转化
6.____________ adv.永远；长久地；老是
7.____________ vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并
8.____________ adj.民间的，民俗的 n.民间音乐；人们；各位；家人
9.____________ vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n.保证，担保；保修单
10.____________ vt.& vi，保护，防御；辩白，辩解
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.Austrian adj.________________
2.symphony n.________________
3.concerto n.________________
4.Polish adj.________________
5.grave n.________________
adj.________________
6.tune n.________________
vt.________________
7.lyric n.________________
adj.________________
8.rural adj.________________
9.heaven n.________________
10.breeze n.________________
11.jazz n.________________
12.arch n.________________
13.invader n.________________
14.solo n.________________
adj.________________
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静
____________ n.作曲家，作曲者
2.please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意
____________ adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的
____________ n.高兴(的事)
____________ adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；友好的，和善的
3.drama n.戏剧，剧本；戏剧文学；戏剧性事件
____________ adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；
突然的；戏剧的；夸张的
4.sorry adj.悲伤的；难过的
____________ n.悲伤，悲痛；伤心事
5.blue n.蓝色；蔚蓝色 adj.沮丧的，忧郁的；蓝色的
____________ n.(the blues)布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁，悲伤
6.surround vt.环绕
____________ n.周围，环境
____________ adj.周围的
7.adapt vt. & vi. (使)适应 vt. 改编
____________ n.改编本，改写本；适应
8.communist adj.共产主义的 n.共产主义者
____________ n.共产主义
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1. ________________使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
2.________________ 依赖，依靠；信任
3.________________ 奉送，额外赠送
4.________________ 作为额外增添
5.________________ 由……组成(或构成)
6.as if________________
7.all the time ________________
8.turn out ________________
9.be deep in thought ________________
10.twists and turns ________________
11.get down to (doing) sth________________
12.all of a sudden________________
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：过去分词短语作后置定语
[原句]　Last night，I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang.
昨晚，我看了《梁祝》的演出，这是一首优美的小提琴协奏曲，由何占豪和陈钢创作。
仿写：人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被群山和太平洋环绕。
People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city，____________________________________ and the Pacific Ocean.(地点介绍)
2.句型公式：as if引导的状语从句的省略
[原句]　When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻快悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。
仿写：他停了下来，环顾四周，好像要看看他走的方向是否正确。
He stopped and looked around _________________________________________.(动作描写)
3.句型公式：形容词作状语
[原句]　Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.
既愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯生病死了。
仿写：那女孩被蛇吓得再也走不动了。
______________________________________________________，
the girl couldn’t walk any further.(心理描写)
1.compose vt.&vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静
·composer n.作曲家
·composition n.成分；作品；作曲；作文
[佳句背诵]　Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons.I composed my lectures on the way，and that was all the thinking time I had.(动作描写，2021·天津卷)
下午我带女儿去上芭蕾舞和骑马课。我在路上写演讲稿，这就是我所有的思考时间。
(1)be composed of由……构成；由……组成
be composed by 由……创作
(2)compose oneself 使某人镇静
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
As a ____________(compose)，he proved himself to be expert at large dramatic forms.
Mozart’s ____________ (compose) are undoubtedly among the world’s greatest.
Her voice cracked but ___________________________________________ as the conversation continued.
她的声音嘶哑了，但随着谈话继续进行，她设法使自己镇静下来。
2.deserve vt.值得，应得
deserve to do sth应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done＝deserve doing……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意
[名师指津]　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即：可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。除deserve外，后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义的还有need，want，require和be worth。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
These people deserve ____________ (get)more than the minimum wage.
我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。
→I think any good suggestion ___________________________________________.
→I think any good suggestion ___________________________________________.
→I think any good suggestion ___________________________________________.
3.whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
[佳句背诵]　“I needed a new football in the future，” I whispered to myself.(2021·浙江卷)
“未来我需要一个新的足球。”我低声对自己说。
(1)whisper sth to sb对某人窃窃耳语
whisper sth in one’s ear 在某人耳边低语
It is/was whispered that... 有传言说……
(2)in a whisper＝in whispers 低声地，悄声地
[名师指津]　whisper后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词to，即：whisper sth to sb＝whisper to sb sth。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
____________ is whispered that he has saved enough money to buy an apartment for his son.
The mother patted the baby gently and whispered something ____________ his ear，intending the baby to sleep.
She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost ______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________.(心理描写)
她太紧张了以至于总是忘记要说什么，而且她几乎是低声说话。
4.transform vi.& vt.(使)变形， (使)改观，(使)转化
·transformation n.改变；变革
[佳句背诵]　The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world，helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.(人物介绍，2023·全国乙卷)
这位中国教练把道格拉斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。
transform...into...把……变成……
transform sb/sth (from...)into...把某人/物(从……)转变成……
[名师指津]　常见的含有“trans-”前缀的单词：
·transplant v.移植
·translate v. 翻译
·transmit v. 传送；传播
·transfer v. 转移；转让
·transparent adj. 透明的
·transport v.& n. 运输
[活学巧用]　完成句子
It was an event that ________________________________________________.
那是一个改变我人生的事件。
Additionally，your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and ______________________________________________________.(感谢信)
另外，你们的慷慨帮助和体贴关怀让我感到很受欢迎，使我的第一次美国之行变成了一段难忘而愉快的回忆。
5.surroundings n.周围，环境
·surrounding adj.周围的
·surround vt.围绕；环绕；包围
[佳句背诵]　There was once a town in the heart of America，where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.(地点描写，2023·全国甲卷)
从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，在那里所有的生物似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活。
surround...with...用……包围/围绕……
surround oneself with sb/sth
喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
[名师指津]　surroundings，environment
surroundings 指周围的环境
environment 指影响人或者事物行为或者发展的环境
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/选词填空(surroundings/environment)
____________ (surround) by many strangers，she looked shy and embarrassed.
I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself ____________ creative people.
As it grew warm，I decided to step outside and explore the new ________________________.
An unhappy home ____________ can affect a child’s behaviour.
6.guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修n.保证，担保；保修单
[佳句背诵]　If you send the application form in straight away, I can guarantee you an interview.
如果你马上把申请表寄过去，我可以保证你会有一个面试的机会。
(1)guarantee to do sth/that... 保证做某事；确保……
guarantee sb sth 保证某人某事
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会/必定会做某事
(2)give sb a guarantee(that)...向某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期内
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
Not every stranger you meet ____________ (guarantee)to turn into a real friend.
I have no idea whether the television is still ____________ guarantee.
我们保证在一周内将货物送到。
→_________________________________________________ in one week.(guarantee v.；简单句)
→_________________________________________________ in one week.(guarantee v.；复合句)
→______________________________________________________
in one week.(guarantee n.)
7.adaptation n.改编本，改写本；适应
·adapt vt.& vi. (使)适应，使适合(新用途、新情况) vt. 改编
·adaptable adj.能适应的
[佳句背诵]　Do you think the film adaptation is faithful to the book
你认为这部改编的电影剧本忠于原著吗？
(1)adaptation to...适应……
adaptation of... ……的适应性；……的改编本
(2)adapt(oneself) to... 使(自己)适应……
adapt sth from... 根据……改编某物
be adapted for... 为……而改写、改编
[名师指津]　 “v. ...to...”结构短语荟萃：
·devote...to...奉献……
·adjust...to... 调节……以适应
·apply...to... 把……应用于……
·prefer...to... 喜欢……胜过……
·attach...to... 把……附在……上
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
Mike，Mary and I had a discussion about the ____________(adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.
Successful businesses are highly ________________________ (adapt) to economic change.
Three of her novels have ___________________ (adapt) for television series.
Not only has she _________________________________________________， but she is becoming more and more outgoing.(人物描写)
她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。
8.defend vi.& vt.保护，防御；辩白，辩解
·defence n.防御；保卫
[佳句背诵]　It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from harm and danger.
竭尽全力保护孩子免受伤害和危险是母亲的天性。
(1)defend...from/against...保护……以免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)in defence of 为了保卫……
in sb’s/sth’s defence 为……辩护
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
A good diet，plenty of sleep and regular exercise can improve our ability to defend ____________ any disease.
I have to say in her ____________ (defend) that she knew nothing about it before.
They responded at once and rose as one man _______________________
_______________________________.
他们立即响应，万众一心保卫祖国。
9.tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开；使分裂
[佳句背诵]　But when a misunderstanding arises，their lifelong friendship suddenly threatens to tear apart.(人际关系)
但是，当一场误会产生时，他们终生的友谊突然面临着破裂的危险。
tear down　拆毁；扯下
tear...into... 把……撕成……
tear oneself away from 挣开；与……分开
tear off 撕掉；迅速脱掉(衣服)
tear at 撕扯；用力撕
tear open 撕开
tear up 撕碎；拔起
tear to/into pieces 撕碎
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
The city will tear ____________ the building and create a park.
Hearing the news，she tore the letter ____________ and cried sadly.
The issue is ______________________________________________________.
这个问题正使他们的婚姻出现裂痕。
She ______________________________________________________ his grasp.
她挣脱了他紧紧抓着她的手。
10.rely on依赖，依靠；信任
·reliable adj.可信赖的
[佳句背诵]　You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.
你可以信赖他，他懂得应付挑战。
rely on sb to do sth指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on(doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事
rely on it that... 相信……；指望……
[名师指津]
(1)在rely on it that结构中，it作形式宾语，代替that引导的真正的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有： love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to等。
(2)rely on/upon的同义短语有： depend on/upon；count on/upon等。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
We will also have to rely more _______________________ alternative energy，such as solar and wind power.(环境保护)
He is not only honest but also ______________ (rely)，so all the people in our neighborhood trust him.(人物介绍)
就我而言，他从不食言，所以你可以放心，他会准时来接你的。
→As far as I’m concerned，he never breaks his promise，so you can _________________________
______________________________________________________ on time.
→As far as I’m concerned，he never breaks his promise，so you can ___________________ on time.
11.consist of由……组成(或构成)
[佳句背诵]　All bodies consist of molecules and molecules consist of atoms.
一切物质都由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
(1)consist in＝lie in存在于……；在于……
consist with 一致；符合
(2)consistent adj. 相符的；一致的
be consistent with 和……一致/相符
[名师指津]　consist of 无被动形式，也不用于进行时态。consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of＝be comprised of由……组成(或构成)。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
You can rely on the man whose actions are always consistent ____________ his promises.
Life mainly consists ____________ happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist ____________ struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist ____________ reality.
这个电影由两部分组成，它介绍了我们学校的现状。
→The film，______________________________________________________
two parts，introduces the present situation of our school.
→The film，which ___________________________________________________ two parts，introduces the present situation of our school.
1.When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻松悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。
句型公式|as if/though 引导状语从句
(1)如果as if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气：
①谓语动词用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)
②谓语动词用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)
③谓语动词用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)
[佳句背诵]　
He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying，his eyes wide with excitement.(动作＋情绪描写)
他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。
He paused as if (he was going) to let the sad memory pass.
他停了下来，似乎要把悲伤的记忆抹去。
[名师指津]　as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
When he saw his mother at the street corner，the boy cried sadly as if he ______________________________________________ (scold)by someone else.
She stood at the door as if ______________ (wait)for someone.
Mary made __________________________， then hesitated.
玛丽似乎要抗议，又犹豫了。
The girl left the room hurriedly _______________________________________.
女孩匆忙离开房间，似乎生气了。
2.Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.
又愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯生病死了。
句型公式|形容词短语作状语
形容词(短语)经常放在句首或句末作状语，表原因、时间、条件或伴随等。句子主语就是其逻辑主语，有的形容词(短语)可换成一个相应的状语从句。
[佳句背诵]　On the way home，full of excitement，I thought about how to make use of the “huge” sum of money.(心理描写，2021·浙江6月卷)
在回家的路上，我兴奋地想着如何利用这笔“巨额”的钱。
Uncertain about grammar and some idioms，Tony made a lot of mistakes in his exam.
因为对语法及一些习语拿不准，托尼在考试中犯了很多错误。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
____________(lose)in thought，he almost ran against a passer-by when walking along the street.
The survivors lay on the beach， _______________________ (exhaust) and ____________ (shock).
____________ (disappoint) and ____________ (anger)，Mary began to cry loudly.(情绪描写)
________________________，the lady came into the doctor’s office.
那位穿着白色衣服的女士走进医生的办公室。Period Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading——析考点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1. deserve vt.值得，应得
2.whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
3.weep vi.& vt.(wept，wept)哭泣，流泪
4.overcome vt.(overcame，overcome)受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜
5.transform vi.& vt.(使)变形， (使)改观，(使)转化
6.forever adv.永远；长久地；老是
7.combine vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并
8.folk adj.民间的，民俗的 n.民间音乐；人们；各位；家人
9.guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n.保证，担保；保修单
10.defend vt.& vi，保护，防御；辩白，辩解
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.Austrian adj.奥地利的，奧地利人的
2.symphony n.交响乐，交响曲
3.concerto n.协奏曲
4.Polish adj.波兰的，波兰人的，波兰语的
5.grave n.坟墓；死亡，去世 adj.严重的；严肃的
6.tune n.曲调，曲子 vt.调音；调频道；调整
7.lyric n.歌词；抒情诗 adj.抒情的；吟唱的
8.rural adj.乡村的，农村的
9.heaven n.极乐之地
10.breeze n.微风，和风
11.jazz n.爵士乐
12.arch n.拱门；拱
13.invader n.武装入侵的军队(或国家)，侵略者
14.solo n.独奏，独唱 adj.独自的；独唱的，独奏的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静
composer n.作曲家，作曲者
2.please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意
pleased adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的
pleasure n.高兴(的事)
pleasant adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；
友好的，和善的
3.drama n.戏剧，剧本；戏剧文学；戏剧性事件
dramatic adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的
4.sorry adj.悲伤的；难过的
sorrow n.悲伤，悲痛；伤心事
5.blue n.蓝色；蔚蓝色 adj.沮丧的，忧郁的；蓝色的
blues n.(the blues)布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁，悲伤
6.surround vt.环绕
surroundings n.周围，环境
surrounding adj.周围的
7.adapt vt. & vi. (使)适应 vt. 改编
adaptation n.改编本，改写本；适应
8.communist adj.共产主义的 n.共产主义者
communism n.共产主义
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1. tear__apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
2.rely__on 依赖，依靠；信任
3.throw__in 奉送，额外赠送
4.for__good__measure 作为额外增添
5.consist__of 由……组成(或构成)
6.as if似乎，好像
7.all the time 总是，一直
8.turn out 结果是，竟然是……
9.be deep in thought 沉思
10.twists and turns (故事或情况的)转折，转变
11.get down to (doing) sth开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事
12.all of a sudden突然，猛地
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：过去分词短语作后置定语
[原句]　Last night，I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang.
昨晚，我看了《梁祝》的演出，这是一首优美的小提琴协奏曲，由何占豪和陈钢创作。
仿写：人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被群山和太平洋环绕。
People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city，surrounded__by/with__mountains and the Pacific Ocean.(地点介绍)
2.句型公式：as if引导的状语从句的省略
[原句]　When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻快悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。
仿写：他停了下来，环顾四周，好像要看看他走的方向是否正确。
He stopped and looked around as__if__to__see__whether__he__went__in__the
right__direction.(动作描写)
3.句型公式：形容词作状语
[原句]　Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.
既愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯生病死了。
仿写：那女孩被蛇吓得再也走不动了。
Frightened__at__the__snake，the girl couldn’t walk any further.(心理描写)
1.compose vt.&vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静
·composer n.作曲家
·composition n.成分；作品；作曲；作文
[佳句背诵]　Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse－riding lessons.I composed my lectures on the way，and that was all the thinking time I had.(动作描写，2021·天津卷)
下午我带女儿去上芭蕾舞和骑马课。我在路上写演讲稿，这就是我所有的思考时间。
(1)be composed of由……构成；由……组成
be composed by 由……创作
(2)compose oneself 使某人镇静
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
As a composer(compose)，he proved himself to be expert at large dramatic forms.
Mozart’s compositions (compose) are undoubtedly among the world’s greatest.
Her voice cracked but she__managed__to__compose__herself as the conversation continued.
她的声音嘶哑了，但随着谈话继续进行，她设法使自己镇静下来。
2.deserve vt.值得，应得
deserve to do sth　应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done＝deserve doing……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意
[名师指津]　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即：可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。除deserve外，后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义的还有need，want，require和be worth。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
These people deserve to__get (get)more than the minimum wage.
我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。
→I think any good suggestion deserves__to__be__considered.
→I think any good suggestion deserves__considering.
→I think any good suggestion deserves__consideration.
3.whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
[佳句背诵]　“I needed a new football in the future，” I whispered to myself.(2021·浙江卷)
“未来我需要一个新的足球。”我低声对自己说。
(1)whisper sth to sb　　对某人窃窃耳语
whisper sth in one’s ear 在某人耳边低语
It is/was whispered that... 有传言说……
(2)in a whisper＝in whispers 低声地，悄声地
[名师指津]　whisper后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词to，即：whisper sth to sb＝whisper to sb sth。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
It is whispered that he has saved enough money to buy an apartment for his son.
The mother patted the baby gently and whispered something in his ear，intending the baby to sleep.
She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost in__a__whisper/in__whispers.(心理描写)
她太紧张了以至于总是忘记要说什么，而且她几乎是低声说话。
4.transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，
(使)改观，(使)转化
·transformation n.改变；变革
[佳句背诵]　The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world，helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.(人物介绍，2023·全国乙卷)
这位中国教练把道格拉斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。
transform...into...把……变成……
transform sb/sth (from...)into...
把某人/物(从……)转变成……
[名师指津]　常见的含有“trans－”前缀的单词：
transplant v.移植
translate v. 翻译
transmit v. 传送；传播
transfer v. 转移；转让
transparent adj. 透明的
transport v.& n. 运输
[活学巧用]　完成句子
It was an event that would__transform__my__life.
那是一个改变我人生的事件。
Additionally，your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and transformed__my__first__American__trip__into__an__unforgettable__and__pleasant__memory.(感谢信)
另外，你们的慷慨帮助和体贴关怀让我感到很受欢迎，使我的第一次美国之行变成了一段难忘而愉快的回忆。
5.surroundings n.周围，环境
·surrounding adj.周围的
·surround vt.围绕；环绕；包围
[佳句背诵]　There was once a town in the heart of America，where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co－existence with its surroundings.(地点描写，2023·全国甲卷)
从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，在那里所有的生物似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活。
surround...with...　用……包围/围绕……
surround oneself with sb/sth
喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
[名师指津]　surroundings，environment
surroundings 指周围的环境
environment 指影响人或者事物行为或者发展的环境
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/选词填空(surroundings/environment)
Surrounded (surround) by many strangers，she looked shy and embarrassed.
I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with creative people.
As it grew warm，I decided to step outside and explore the new surroundings.
An unhappy home environment can affect a child’s behaviour.
6.guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修n.保证，担保；保修单
[佳句背诵]　If you send the application form in straight away, I can guarantee you an interview.
如果你马上把申请表寄过去，我可以保证你会有一个面试的机会。
(1)guarantee to do sth/that... 保证做某事；确保……
guarantee sb sth 保证某人某事
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会/必定会做某事
(2)give sb a guarantee(that)...向某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期内
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
Not every stranger you meet is__guaranteed (guarantee)to turn into a real friend.
I have no idea whether the television is still under guarantee.
我们保证在一周内将货物送到。
→We__guarantee__to__deliver__the__goods in one week.(guarantee v.；简单句)
→We__guarantee__that__we__will__deliver__the__goods in one week.(guarantee v.；复合句)
→We__give__a__guarantee__that__we__will__deliver__the__goods in one week.(guarantee n.)
7.adaptation n.改编本，改写本；适应
·adapt vt.& vi. (使)适应，使适合(新用途、新情况) vt. 改编
·adaptable adj.能适应的
[佳句背诵]　Do you think the film adaptation is faithful to the book
你认为这部改编的电影剧本忠于原著吗？
(1)adaptation to...　适应……
adaptation of...……的适应性；……的改编本
(2)adapt(oneself) to... 使(自己)适应……
adapt sth from... 根据……改编某物
be adapted for... 为……而改写、改编
[名师指津]　 “v. ...to...”结构短语荟萃：
devote...to...　　奉献……
adjust...to... 调节……以适应
apply...to... 把……应用于……
prefer...to... 喜欢……胜过……
attach...to... 把……附在……上
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
Mike，Mary and I had a discussion about the adaptation(adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.
Successful businesses are highly adaptable (adapt) to economic change.
Three of her novels have been__adapted(adapt) for television series.
Not only has she adapted__herself__to__the__fast__pace__of__city__life，but she is becoming more and more outgoing.(人物描写)
她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。
8.defend vi.& vt.保护，防御；辩白，辩解
·defence n.防御；保卫
[佳句背诵]　It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from harm and danger.
竭尽全力保护孩子免受伤害和危险是母亲的天性。
(1)defend...from/against...保护……以免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)in defence of 为了保卫……
in sb’s/sth’s defence 为……辩护
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
A good diet，plenty of sleep and regular exercise can improve our ability to defend against any disease.
I have to say in her defence (defend) that she knew nothing about it before.
They responded at once and rose as one man in__defence__of__their__motherland.
他们立即响应，万众一心保卫祖国。
9.tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开；使分裂
[佳句背诵]　But when a misunderstanding arises，their lifelong friendship suddenly threatens to tear apart.(人际关系)
但是，当一场误会产生时，他们终生的友谊突然面临着破裂的危险。
tear down　　　　　　拆毁；扯下
tear...into... 把……撕成……
tear oneself away from 挣开；与……分开
tear off 撕掉；迅速脱掉(衣服)
tear at 撕扯；用力撕
tear open 撕开
tear up 撕碎；拔起
tear to/into pieces 撕碎
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
The city will tear down the building and create a park.
Hearing the news，she tore the letter up and cried sadly.
The issue is tearing__their__marriage__apart.
这个问题正使他们的婚姻出现裂痕。
She tore__herself__away__from his grasp.
她挣脱了他紧紧抓着她的手。
10.rely on依赖，依靠；信任
·reliable adj.可信赖的
[佳句背诵]　You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.
你可以信赖他，他懂得应付挑战。
rely on sb to do sth　指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on(doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事
rely on it that... 相信……；指望……
[名师指津]
(1)在rely on it that结构中，it作形式宾语，代替that引导的真正的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有： love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to等。
(2)rely on/upon的同义短语有： depend on/upon；count on/upon等。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
We will also have to rely more on alternative energy，such as solar and wind power.(环境保护)
He is not only honest but also reliable (rely)，so all the people in our neighborhood trust him.(人物介绍)
就我而言，他从不食言，所以你可以放心，他会准时来接你的。
→As far as I’m concerned，he never breaks his promise，so you can rely__on__it__that__he’ll__come__to__meet__you on time.
→As far as I’m concerned，he never breaks his promise，so you can rely__on__him__to__come__to__meet__you on time.
11.consist of由……组成(或构成)
[佳句背诵]　All bodies consist of molecules and molecules consist of atoms.
一切物质都由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
(1)consist in＝lie in存在于……；在于……
consist with 一致；符合
(2)consistent adj. 相符的；一致的
be consistent with 和……一致/相符
[名师指津]　consist of 无被动形式，也不用于进行时态。consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of＝be comprised of由……组成(或构成)。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
You can rely on the man whose actions are always consistent with his promises.
Life mainly consists of happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist in struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with reality.
这个电影由两部分组成，它介绍了我们学校的现状。
→The film，consisting__of/made__up__of/composed__of/comprised__of two parts，introduces the present situation of our school.
→The film，which consists__of/is__made__up__of/is__composed__of/is__comprised
of two parts，introduces the present situation of our school.
1.When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻松悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。
句型公式|as if/though 引导状语从句
(1)如果as if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气：
①谓语动词用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)
②谓语动词用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)
③谓语动词用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)
[佳句背诵]　
He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying，his eyes wide with excitement.(动作＋情绪描写)
他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。
He paused as if (he was going) to let the sad memory pass.
他停了下来，似乎要把悲伤的记忆抹去。
[名师指津]　as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
When he saw his mother at the street corner，the boy cried sadly as if he had__been__scolded (scold)by someone else.
She stood at the door as if waiting (wait)for someone.
Mary made as__if__to__protest，then hesitated.
玛丽似乎要抗议，又犹豫了。
The girl left the room hurriedly as__if__(she__was)__angry.
女孩匆忙离开房间，似乎生气了。
2.Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.
又愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯生病死了。
句型公式|形容词短语作状语
形容词(短语)经常放在句首或句末作状语，表原因、时间、条件或伴随等。句子主语就是其逻辑主语，有的形容词(短语)可换成一个相应的状语从句。
[佳句背诵]　On the way home，full of excitement，I thought about how to make use of the “huge” sum of money.(心理描写，2021·浙江6月卷)
在回家的路上，我兴奋地想着如何利用这笔“巨额”的钱。
Uncertain about grammar and some idioms，Tony made a lot of mistakes in his exam.
因为对语法及一些习语拿不准，托尼在考试中犯了很多错误。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
Lost(lose)in thought，he almost ran against a passer－by when walking along the street.
The survivors lay on the beach，exhausted (exhaust) and shocked (shock).
Disappointed (disappoint) and angry (anger)，Mary began to cry loudly.(情绪描写)
Dressed__in__white，the lady came into the doctor’s office.
那位穿着白色衣服的女士走进医生的办公室。(共43张PPT)
Period Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading——析考点
UNIT 2 The universal language
2
///////
夯实 语言基础
1
///////
精析 核心要点
Ⅰ.写作单词——记其形
1. ____________ vt.值得，应得
2.____________ vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
3.____________ vi.& vt.(_____________， ____________)哭泣，流泪
4.____________ vt.(__________， ___________)受到……的极大影响；克服，解决；战胜
deserve
whisper
weep
wept
wept
overcome
overcame
overcome
5.____________ vi.& vt.(使)变形， (使)改观，(使)转化
6.____________ adv.永远；长久地；老是
7.____________ vt.& vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做；合并
8.____________ adj.民间的，民俗的 n.民间音乐；人们；各位；家人
9.____________ vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n.保证，担保；保修单
10.____________ vt.& vi，保护，防御；辩白，辩解
transform
forever
combine
folk
guarantee
defend
Ⅱ.阅读单词——知其意
1.Austrian adj. _____________________
2.symphony n. ________________
3.concerto n. ________________
4.Polish adj. __________________________
5.grave n. ________________
adj. ________________
6.tune n. ________________
vt. __________________
奥地利的，奧地利人的
交响乐，交响曲
协奏曲
波兰的，波兰人的，波兰语的
坟墓；死亡，去世
严重的；严肃的
曲调，曲子
调音；调频道；调整
7.lyric n. ________________
adj. ________________
8.rural adj. ________________
9.heaven n. ________________
10.breeze n. ________________
11.jazz n. ________________
12.arch n. ________________
13.invader n. ________________________________
14.solo n. ________________
adj. ________________________
歌词；抒情诗
抒情的；吟唱的
乡村的，农村的
极乐之地
微风，和风
爵士乐
拱门；拱
武装入侵的军队(或国家)，侵略者
独奏，独唱
独自的；独唱的，独奏的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——通其变
1.compose vt.& vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静
　____________ n.作曲家，作曲者
2.please vt.& vi.(使)高兴；(使)满意
　____________ adj.欣喜的；高兴的；愉快的
　____________ n.高兴(的事)
　____________ adj.令人愉快的，可喜的；友好的，和善的
3.drama n.戏剧，剧本；戏剧文学；戏剧性事件
　____________ adj.激动人心的，引人注目的；突然的；戏剧的；夸张的
composer
pleased
pleasure
pleasant
dramatic
4.sorry adj.悲伤的；难过的
　____________ n.悲伤，悲痛；伤心事
5.blue n.蓝色；蔚蓝色 adj.沮丧的，忧郁的；蓝色的
　____________ n.(the blues)布鲁斯音乐，蓝调；忧郁，悲伤
6.surround vt.环绕
　____________ n.周围，环境
　____________ adj.周围的
7.adapt vt. & vi. (使)适应 vt. 改编
　____________ n.改编本，改写本；适应
8.communist adj.共产主义的 n.共产主义者
　____________ n.共产主义
sorrow
blues
surroundings
surrounding
adaptation
communism
Ⅳ.必备短语——英汉译
1. ________________使(关系密切的人)分离，分开
2.________________ 依赖，依靠；信任
3.________________ 奉送，额外赠送
4.________________ 作为额外增添
5.________________ 由……组成(或构成)
tear apart
rely on
throw in
for good measure
consist of
6.as if ________________
7.all the time ________________
8.turn out ____________________________
9.be deep in thought ________________
10.twists and turns ____________________________
11.get down to (doing) sth ________________________________________
12.all of a sudden ________________
似乎，好像
总是，一直
结果是，竟然是……
沉思
(故事或情况的)转折，转变
开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事
突然，猛地
Ⅴ.常用句型——会仿写
1.句型公式：过去分词短语作后置定语
surrounded by/with mountains
[原句]　Last night，I watched a performance of Butterfly Lovers，a beautiful violin concerto composed by He Zhanhao and Chen Gang.
昨晚，我看了《梁祝》的演出，这是一首优美的小提琴协奏曲，由何占豪和陈钢创作。
仿写：人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被群山和太平洋环绕。
People say it is Canada’s most beautiful city，___________________________ and the Pacific Ocean.(地点介绍)
2.句型公式：as if引导的状语从句的省略
as if to see whether he went in the right direction
[原句]　When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻快悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。
仿写：他停了下来，环顾四周，好像要看看他走的方向是否正确。
He stopped and looked around __________________________________________.
(动作描写)
3.句型公式：形容词作状语
Frightened at the snake
[原句]　Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.
既愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯生病死了。
仿写：那女孩被蛇吓得再也走不动了。
_____________________________，the girl couldn’t walk any further.(心理描写)
1.compose vt.&vi.作曲；组成；撰写；使镇静
·composer n.作曲家
·composition n.成分；作品；作曲；作文
[佳句背诵]　Afternoons I spent taking my daughter to her ballet and horse-riding lessons.I composed my lectures on the way，and that was all the thinking time I had.(动作描写，2021·天津卷) 下午我带女儿去上芭蕾舞和骑马课。我在路上写演讲稿，这就是我所有的思考时间。
(1)be composed of由……构成；由……组成
be composed by 由……创作
(2)compose oneself 使某人镇静
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
As a ____________(compose)，he proved himself to be expert at large dramatic forms.
Mozart’s ____________ (compose) are undoubtedly among the world’s greatest.
Her voice cracked but ___________________________________________ as the conversation continued.
她的声音嘶哑了，但随着谈话继续进行，她设法使自己镇静下来。
composer
compositions
she managed to compose herself
2.deserve vt.值得，应得
deserve to do sth应该做某事；值得做某事
deserve to be done＝deserve doing……值得被做
deserve consideration/attention值得考虑/注意
[名师指津]　deserve to be done与deserve doing的意义相同，即：可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。除deserve外，后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义的还有need，want，require和be worth。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
These people deserve ____________ (get)more than the minimum wage.
我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。
→I think any good suggestion ___________________________________________.
→I think any good suggestion ___________________________________________.
→I think any good suggestion ___________________________________________.
to get
deserves to be considered
deserves considering
deserves consideration
3.whisper vi.& vt.耳语，低语；私下说；沙沙作响 n.低语；轻柔的声音；传言
[佳句背诵]　“I needed a new football in the future，” I whispered to myself.(2021·浙江卷)
“未来我需要一个新的足球。”我低声对自己说。
(1)whisper sth to sb对某人窃窃耳语
whisper sth in one’s ear 在某人耳边低语
It is/was whispered that... 有传言说……
(2)in a whisper＝in whispers 低声地，悄声地
[名师指津]　whisper后接双宾语时，间接宾语无论在前还是在后，其前都要带介词to，即：whisper sth to sb＝whisper to sb sth。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
____________ is whispered that he has saved enough money to buy an apartment for his son.
The mother patted the baby gently and whispered something ____________ his ear，intending the baby to sleep.
She was so nervous that she kept forgetting what to say，and she spoke almost _____________________________________________________.(心理描写)
她太紧张了以至于总是忘记要说什么，而且她几乎是低声说话。
It
in
in a whisper/in whispers
4.transform vi.& vt.(使)变形，(使)改观，(使)转化
·transformation n.改变；变革
[佳句背诵]　The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world，helping her skyrocket from an average member of the national team to the top of the sport.(人物介绍，2023·全国乙卷)
这位中国教练把道格拉斯变成了世界上最好的体操运动员之一，帮助她从一名普通的国家队队员一跃成为这项运动的顶尖选手。
transform...into...把……变成……
transform sb/sth (from...)into...把某人/物(从……)转变成……
[名师指津]　常见的含有“trans-”前缀的单词：
·transplant v.移植
·translate v. 翻译
·transmit v. 传送；传播
·transfer v. 转移；转让
·transparent adj. 透明的
·transport v.& n. 运输
[活学巧用]　完成句子
It was an event that ________________________________________________.
那是一个改变我人生的事件。
Additionally，your generous help and tender care made me feel warmly welcomed and ________________________________________________________
_________________________________________. (感谢信)
另外，你们的慷慨帮助和体贴关怀让我感到很受欢迎，使我的第一次美国之行变成了一段难忘而愉快的回忆。
would transform my life
transformed my first American trip into an
unforgettable and pleasant memory
5.surroundings n.周围，环境
·surrounding adj.周围的
·surround vt.围绕；环绕；包围
[佳句背诵]　There was once a town in the heart of America，where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings.(地点描写，2023·全国甲卷)
从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，在那里所有的生物似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活。
surround...with...用……包围/围绕……
surround oneself with sb/sth
喜欢结交(某类人)；喜欢身边总有(某类东西)
be surrounded by/with... 被……包围
[名师指津]　surroundings，environment
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/选词填空(surroundings/environment)
____________ (surround) by many strangers，she looked shy and embarrassed.
I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself ____________ creative people.
As it grew warm，I decided to step outside and explore the new ________________________.
An unhappy home ____________ can affect a child’s behaviour.
Surrounded
surroundings 指周围的环境
environment 指影响人或者事物行为或者发展的环境
with
surroundings
environment
6.guarantee vt.保证，担保；确保；为(产品)提供保修 n.保证，担保；保修单
[佳句背诵]　If you send the application form in straight away, I can guarantee you an interview.
如果你马上把申请表寄过去，我可以保证你会有一个面试的机会。
(1)guarantee to do sth/that... 保证做某事；确保……
guarantee sb sth 保证某人某事
be guaranteed to do sth 肯定会/必定会做某事
(2)give sb a guarantee(that)...向某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期内
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
Not every stranger you meet ____________ (guarantee)to turn into a real friend.
I have no idea whether the television is still ____________ guarantee.
我们保证在一周内将货物送到。
→____________________________________ in one week.(guarantee v.；简单句)
→____________________________________ in one week.(guarantee v.；复合句)
→____________________________________________ in one week.(guarantee n.)
is guaranteed
under
We guarantee to deliver the goods
We guarantee that we will deliver the goods
We give a guarantee that we will deliver the goods
7.adaptation n.改编本，改写本；适应
·adapt vt.& vi. (使)适应，使适合(新用途、新情况) vt. 改编
·adaptable adj.能适应的
[佳句背诵]　Do you think the film adaptation is faithful to the book
你认为这部改编的电影剧本忠于原著吗？
(1)adaptation to...适应……
adaptation of... ……的适应性；……的改编本
(2)adapt(oneself) to... 使(自己)适应……
adapt sth from... 根据……改编某物
be adapted for... 为……而改写、改编
[名师指津]　 “v. ...to...”结构短语荟萃：
·devote...to...奉献……
·adjust...to... 调节……以适应
·apply...to... 把……应用于……
·prefer...to... 喜欢……胜过……
·attach...to... 把……附在……上
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
Mike，Mary and I had a discussion about the ____________(adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.
adaptation
Successful businesses are highly ______________ (adapt) to economic change.
Three of her novels have ___________________ (adapt) for television series.
Not only has she _________________________________________________， but she is becoming more and more outgoing.(人物描写)
她不仅已经适应了快节奏的城市生活，而且变得越来越开朗。
adaptable
been adapted
adapted herself to the fast pace of city life
8.defend vi.& vt.保护，防御；辩白，辩解
·defence n.防御；保卫
[佳句背诵]　It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from harm and danger.
竭尽全力保护孩子免受伤害和危险是母亲的天性。
(1)defend...from/against...保护……以免受……
defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫
(2)in defence of 为了保卫……
in sb’s/sth’s defence 为……辩护
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
A good diet，plenty of sleep and regular exercise can improve our ability to defend ____________ any disease.
I have to say in her ____________ (defend) that she knew nothing about it before.
They responded at once and rose as one man ____________________________.
他们立即响应，万众一心保卫祖国。
against
defence
in defence of their motherland
9.tear apart使(关系密切的人)分离，分开；使分裂
[佳句背诵]　But when a misunderstanding arises，their lifelong friendship suddenly threatens to tear apart.(人际关系)
但是，当一场误会产生时，他们终生的友谊突然面临着破裂的危险。
tear down　拆毁；扯下
tear...into... 把……撕成……
tear oneself away from 挣开；与……分开
tear off 撕掉；迅速脱掉(衣服)
tear at 撕扯；用力撕
tear open 撕开
tear up 撕碎；拔起
tear to/into pieces 撕碎
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
The city will tear ____________ the building and create a park.
Hearing the news，she tore the letter ____________ and cried sadly.
The issue is ______________________________________________________.
这个问题正使他们的婚姻出现裂痕。
She ______________________________________ his grasp.
她挣脱了他紧紧抓着她的手。
down
up
tearing their marriage apart
tore herself away from
10.rely on依赖，依靠；信任
·reliable adj.可信赖的
[佳句背诵]　You can rely on him to respond to a challenge.
你可以信赖他，他懂得应付挑战。
rely on sb to do sth指望/相信某人会做某事
rely on(doing) sth 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事
rely on it that... 相信……；指望……
[名师指津]
(1)在rely on it that结构中，it作形式宾语，代替that引导的真正的宾语从句。此类动词(短语)还有： love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to等。
(2)rely on/upon的同义短语有： depend on/upon；count on/upon等。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
We will also have to rely more ___________ alternative energy，such as solar and wind power.(环境保护)
on
He is not only honest but also ______________ (rely)，so all the people in our neighborhood trust him.(人物介绍)
就我而言，他从不食言，所以你可以放心，他会准时来接你的。
→As far as I’m concerned，he never breaks his promise，so you can _____________________________________________________ on time.
→As far as I’m concerned，he never breaks his promise，so you can _______________________________________________ on time.
reliable
rely on it that he'll come to meet you
rely on him to come to meet you
11.consist of由……组成(或构成)
[佳句背诵]　All bodies consist of molecules and molecules consist of atoms.
一切物质都由分子组成，而分子由原子组成。
(1)consist in＝lie in存在于……；在于……
consist with 一致；符合
(2)consistent adj. 相符的；一致的
be consistent with 和……一致/相符
[名师指津]　consist of 无被动形式，也不用于进行时态。consist of＝be made up of＝be composed of＝be comprised of由……组成(或构成)。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/一句多译
You can rely on the man whose actions are always consistent ____________ his promises.
Life mainly consists ____________ happiness and sorrow while happiness and sorrow consist ____________ struggle.Remember that your ideal life does not always consist ____________ reality.
这个电影由两部分组成，它介绍了我们学校的现状。
→The film，______________________________________________________
two parts，introduces the present situation of our school.
→The film，which ___________________________________________________ two parts，introduces the present situation of our school.
with
of
in
with
consisting of/made up of/composed of/comprised of
consists of/is made up of/is composed of/is comprised of
1.When the two lovers，Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai，first meet，the music
is light and pleasant，as if whispering to the audience.
当梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻松悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。
句型公式|as if/though 引导状语从句
(1)如果as if所引导的从句表示的是真实的或极有可能发生的情况时，从句要用陈述语气。
(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气：
①谓语动词用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)
②谓语动词用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)
③谓语动词用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)
[佳句背诵]　
He throws his arms and legs out as if he were flying，his eyes wide with excitement.(动作＋情绪描写)
他张开双臂和双腿，好像在飞翔，兴奋地睁大了眼睛。
He paused as if (he was going) to let the sad memory pass.
他停了下来，似乎要把悲伤的记忆抹去。
[名师指津]　as if/though引导的从句中的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词时，从句中的主语和be动词常常可以省略。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
When he saw his mother at the street corner，the boy cried sadly as if he _______________________ (scold)by someone else.
She stood at the door as if ______________ (wait)for someone.
Mary made __________________________， then hesitated.
玛丽似乎要抗议，又犹豫了。
The girl left the room hurriedly _____________________________________.
女孩匆忙离开房间，似乎生气了。
had been scolded
waiting
as if to protest
as if (she was) angry
2.Angry and sad，Liang falls sick and dies.
又愤怒又悲伤，梁山伯生病死了。
句型公式|形容词短语作状语
形容词(短语)经常放在句首或句末作状语，表原因、时间、条件或伴随等。句子主语就是其逻辑主语，有的形容词(短语)可换成一个相应的状语从句。
[佳句背诵]　On the way home，full of excitement，I thought about how to make use of the “huge” sum of money.(心理描写，2021·浙江6月卷)
在回家的路上，我兴奋地想着如何利用这笔“巨额”的钱。
Uncertain about grammar and some idioms，Tony made a lot of mistakes in his exam. 因为对语法及一些习语拿不准，托尼在考试中犯了很多错误。
[活学巧用]　单句语法填空/完成句子
____________(lose)in thought，he almost ran against a passer-by when walking along the street.
The survivors lay on the beach， ____________ (exhaust) and __________ (shock).
____________ (disappoint) and ____________ (anger)，Mary began to cry loudly.(情绪描写)
________________________，the lady came into the doctor’s office.
那位穿着白色衣服的女士走进医生的办公室。
Lost
exhausted
shocked
Disappointed
angry
Dressed in white

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