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人教版八上Unit1 Where did you go on vacation 单元知识梳理
【Useful expressions】
1. go on vacation 去度假 2. go shopping 购物 3. go out 外出(娱乐) 4. go to summer camp 去夏令营 5. go to the beach 去海滩 6. go to the mountains 去爬山 7. buy sth. for sb.(= buy sb. sth.) 给某人买某物 8. keep a diary 记日记 9. nothing...but + V. (原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 10.seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 11.long time no see 好久不见 12.most of the time 大多数时间 13.study for tests 备考 14. feed hens 喂母鸡 15. quite a few 相当多；不少 16. visit museums 参观博物馆 17.visit my uncle 拜访我叔叔 18. stay at home 待在家 19. taste good 尝起来不错；taste + adj. 尝起来…… 20. in the countryside 在乡下 21. along the way 沿途 22. another two hours(= two more hours) 另外两个小时 23. because of 因为（后接名词代词动名词，because+从句） 24. the next day 第二天 25. feel like 有……的感觉；感受到，feel doing sth. 想要做某事
26. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 27. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 28. start doing sth. 开始做某事=begin doing sth. 29. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 区分：stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 30. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 31. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事 32. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 33. so + adj + that + 从句 如此……以至于…… 34. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要） 做某事 35. find out 查明；弄清 e up 升起 37. in the past 在过去 38. take photos 照相 39. too many people太多的人（too many+可数名词复数，too much+不可数名词，much too+形容词或副词） 40. walk around 四处走走 41. walk up to the top 走到顶部 42. arrive in +大地点= get to= reach+地点名 “到达......” arrive at +小地点 （注：若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略，如：arrive here; get home）
43. rain hard 雨下得很大=rain heavily 44. bring back 带回来 45. jump up and down in excitement 兴奋地跳来跳去 46. learn something important 学一些重要的东西 47. have a fun time 过得很愉快；玩得非常开心 48. in the shopping center 在购物中心 49. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 50. go on 继续
【Target sentences】
1.— Where did you go on vacation — I went to… 2.—Did you… —Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 3.Oh, did you go anywhere interesting 4.We took quite a few photos there. 5.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. 6.It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. 7.I feel like I was a bird. 8.What a difference a day makes! 9.And because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. 10.I really enjoyed walking around the town. 11.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 12.My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 13.My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.
【Language points】
1.Where did you go on vacation
on vacation度假；休假 on vacation表示一种状态，其中vacation意为“假期”，与holiday同义。 “on+某些名词” 表示“在某种状态中”，如： on duty “值日”，on fire“着火”。 I went to Xiamen on vacation last month.
2.go with anyone
anyone pron. 任何人 anyone 是由“any + one”构成的复合不定代词，意为“任何人”，相当于anybody，常用于疑问句、否定句及条件句中，也可用于肯定句中。 I didn’t see anyone in the theater. Anyone can borrow books from the library.
3.buy anything special
形容词修饰复合不定代词的位置 special修饰anything。当形容词修饰复合不定代词时, 要放在复合不定代词的后面，即“不定代词+adj.”。 Did you find anything funny in the book Was there anything interesting on the news this evening
4.Oh, did you go anywhere interesting
anywhere adv. 在任何地方 作副词，常用于否定句和疑问句中, 意为“在任何地方”；如果用在肯定句中， 则表示“无论何处，随便哪个地方”。 Are you going anywhere tonight I cannot find it anywhere. An accident can happen anywhere.
5.We took quite a few photos there.
（1）take photos 拍照 take photos/a photo of 意为“给······拍照”。 I like taking photos with my mobile phone. Could you take a photo of us （2）quite a few 相当多；不少相当于many, 修饰可数名词复数。 Quite a few students took part in the sports meeting .
6.I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.
most adj., adv. &pron.最多；大多数 most 在此处作代词，意为“大多数”，常与of连用。 most of后如果接复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式； 如果接单数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 Most of my friends like pop music. Most of the building is yellow.
7.Yes, I bought something for my father.
buy sth. for sb.为某人买某物 buy sth. for sb.= buy sb. sth. （当sb. 和 sth.都为代词时，只能用buy sth. for sb.） I bought a scarf for my mother on her birthday.
8.Everything tasted really good!
taste v. 有······的味道 taste在此处作连系动词，意为“尝起来；有······的味道” 后接形容词作表语，不用于进行时。 The two cheeses taste very different. How does it taste like
9.It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.
decide v. 决定；选定 decide on sth.决定/选定某事 decide(not) to do sth. 决定（不）做某事； The doctor decided to give him some medicine first. Please decide on the form of payment. Cash, credit card or Alipay. 【拓展】decision作名词，意为“决定；抉择”。 make a decision 做决定 I want to think about it before I make a decision.
10.My sister and I tried paragliding.
try v.&n. 尝试；设法；努力 （1） try在此作及物动词，意为“尝试；设法；努力”，其后常接名词、代词、动词-ing或不定式。 He tried his fortune in another city. He tried writing a novel but failed. （2） try还可作可数名词，意为“尝试”，常用单数形式。 have a try意为“试一试”。 She couldn’t break the record, but it was a good try. That is not difficult. You can have a try. 与try相关的结构：
11.I felt like I was a bird.
feel like 有······的感觉；感到 feel like 后常接名词或从句，意为“有······的感觉；感到”。 I feel like a fish in the sea. He feels like that he has lost the whole world. 【拓展】feel like还有“想要”的意思，常用于口语中。 feel like sth./feel like doing sth. 想要某物/想做某事。 Do you feel like another dirnk It's raining outside. I don't feel like going out.
12.I wonder what life was like here in the past.
wonder v. 想知道；琢磨 wonder作动词,意为“想知道；琢磨” ，相当于want to know，其后常接who、what、 how以及if和whether等引导的宾语从句（作宾语的句子），宾语从句要用陈述语序。 I wonder what you are going to do now. I wonder if you can help me wash the car.
13.I really enjoyed walking around the town.
enjoy v.喜欢；享受······的乐趣” enjoy为及物动词，后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 enjoyable为形容词，意为“有乐趣的；令人愉快的”。 enjoy oneself 意为“玩得高兴；过得愉快”，相当于have a good/great/nice time或have fun。 Lucy enjoys dancing to music. We enjoyed ourselves in Hainan.
14.What a difference a day makes !
difference n. 差别；差异 difference既可作可数名词，又可作不可数名词。 There is no difference between the two books. The two sweaters look the same but there is a big difference in price. 【拓展】 different作形容词，意为“不同的；有差异的”。 be different from意为“与······不同”。 Please look at these two different pictures, class, and circle the differences between them.
15.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.
【易混辨析】too many，too much与much too
16.And because of the bad weather, we couldn't see anything below.
【易混辨析】because与because of The boy is unhappy becasue he has no friends. I like the boy because of his kind nature.
17.My father didn’t bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.
bring v. 带来 bring sb./sth. to...把某人/某物带到······ bring sb.sth.=bring sth. for sb. Can I bring a friend to the party Bring Helen a present.= Bring a present for Helen.
18.My father didn’t bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish.
enough adj.&adv. 足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地） （1）enough 可作形容词和副词，意为“足够的（地）；充足的（地）；充分的（地）”。 （2）enough作形容词，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，通常放在名词前，也可放在名词后。 There is enough food/food enough for everybody. We have enough money to buy the house. （3）enough还可用作副词，用在形容词、副词和动词之后。 I didn’t run fast enough to catch the bus. This house isn’t big enough for us. We didn’t leave early enough.
19.The food tasted great because I was so hungry!
hungry adj. 饥饿的 hungry的反义词为full“吃饱了的”。 The baby is crying; maybe he is hungry. 【拓展】 hungry还可表示“渴望”。be hungry for...意为“渴望······”。 The students are hungery for knowledge.
20.Did you dislike anything
dislike v.& n. 不喜爱；厌恶 （1） dislike在此作动词，意为“不喜爱；厌恶”，其同义词是hate。 Why do you dislike him so much （2） dislike也可以作可数名词，意为“不喜爱的事物；厌恶的事物”。 Everyone has his likes and dislikes.
21.Why not
Why not 为什么不呢？ Why not 常用于提建议，后跟动词原形。“ Why not do sth. ”=“Why don’t you do sth. ”，意为“为什么不做某事呢？” Why not go with your parents =Why don’t you go with your parents
22.My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop.
so...that... 如此······以至于······ so...that...引导结果状语从句，so后面跟形容词或副词。 当that后的从句为肯定句时，可与enough...to...互换； 当that后的从句含有否定意义时，可与too...to...互换。 She was so smart that she solved the problem quickly. =She was smart enough to solve the problem quickly. He was so angry that he couldn’t say a word. =He was too angry to say a word. 【拓展】so that表示“以便；为了”，引导目的状语从句。 She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time.
23.My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on.
(1) tell sb. to do sth. 告诉/吩咐某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth. 为固定结构，其否定形式为tell sb. not to do sth.“告诉/吩咐某人不做某事”。 My teacher always told me to study hard when I was a student. (2) keep doing sth. 继续/持续做某事 keep doing sth.用于表示一直处于某种状态或持续某个动作，意为 “继续/持续做某事”。 Keep working hard, and you will succeed. Put on the coat. It can keep you warm. Keep your books in good order. Don't keep the tap running.
【Grammar Focus】
1.一般过去时
一般过去时的句式结构 含be动词的一般过去时： 肯定句：I was in Beijing last month. 否定句：I wasn’t in Beijing last month. 一般疑问句： —Were you in Beijing last month？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 行为动词： 肯定句：I went to Shanghai last Friday. 否定句：I didn’t go to Shanghai last Friday. 一般疑问句：—Did you go to Shanghai last Friday —Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t.
2.复合不定代词
语法概述： 复合不定代词是由some、any、 no、every加上-body、-one、-thing构成的不定代词。功能相当于名词，在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语 Someone is waiting for you. Do you have anything to say There is something wrong with my bike. The old lady couldn’t see anything at all. Is there anyone at home

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