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人教版八上Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake 单元知识梳理
【Useful expressions】
1.milk shake 奶昔 2.turn on/off 打开/关掉 3.pour into 倒入 4.a cup of yogurt 一杯酸奶 5.a good idea 一个好主意 6.on Saturday 在星期六 7.cut up 切碎 8.put into 放入 9.one more thing 还有一件事 10.a piece of一片/一张/一块 11.at this time在此时 12.a few 几个 13.fill…with… 用…装满 14.cover…with… 用…盖住 15.one by one一个接一个 16.a long time长时间 17.First …Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下来……然后…… . 最后……
【Target sentences】
1. — How do you make a banana milk shake — First, peel the bananas. Next, put the bananas in the blender. Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender. 2. — How many bananas do we need — We need three bananas. — How much yogurt do we need — We need one cup of yogurt. 3.No, one more thing. 4.Finally, don’t forget to add some salt. 5.These days, most Americans still celebrate this idea of giving thanks by having a big meal at home with their family. 6.Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix. 7.Finally, serve it to your friends with some vegetables. 8.When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy
【Language points】
1. Turn on the blender.
turn on 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开 turn on/off/up/down为“动词 + 副词”型短语，当其宾语为名词时，名词放在副词前后均可，当其宾语为代词时，代词必须放在动词和副词之间。 —Mom, may I turn on the TV/ turn the TV on —Yes. If you finish your homework, you can turn it on.
2. Cut up the bananas.
cut up相当于cut…into pieces,意为“将……切成碎片”。cut up为“动词 + 副词”型短语，后接代词时，代词必须放在cut和up中间。 I’m going to cut up the beef for dumplings. Could you help me cut it up 与cut相关的短语：
3. Pour the milk into the blender.
pour v. 倒出；倾倒 pour作动词，常用搭配： Then the teacher poured a cup of water into the bottle. Please pour the cold water out. Could you please pour some water for me
4. ① How many bananas do we need
② How much yogurt do we need
yogurt n.酸奶，在此作不可数名词，如果要表示它的量，可借助表示计量单位的词，如: a cup of yogurt; three cups of yogurt。 本单元还学到了一些与食物相关的不可数名词：
5. Next, put the beef, carrots and potatoes into a pot and
add some water.
add v. 增加；添加 add作动词，其用法有： The bad weather added to our difficulties. Many of us in China enjoy adding chilies to our food. We emptied our pockets, and all our money added up to $2.
6. Then, add the cabbage, tomatoes and onion and cook for
another 10 minutes.
“another + 基数词 + 名词”表示“再……；又……”，相当于“基数词 + more + 名词”。其中another表示“另一；又一”。 another 10 minutes也可说成10 more minutes。 We stayed there for another two days. = We stayed there for two more days.
7. Finally, don’t forget to add some salt.
finally adv. 最后；最终 finally为副词，多用来修饰动词，位置较灵活，可位于句首或句中。其形容词形式为final，意为“最终的，最后的”。finally相当于in the end或at last。 We finally solved the problem. Finally, he passed the final exam.
8. Do you know how to plant a tree
特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式 动词不定式常和what, which, who(m), where, when, how等连用，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 Where to live has not been decided yet.（作主语） We must know what to say at the meeting.（作宾语） The problem is whom to go with.（作表语）
9.First, dig a hole.
dig v. 掘（地）；凿（洞）；挖（土） dig作动词，其过去式为dug，动词-ing形式为digging。 They are digging a tunnel. She dug a hole and planted a tree.
10.…but in Canada it falls on the second Monday in October.
“fall on + 日期”表示“（生日、节日等）适逢……,正当……”，其中fall作动词，表示“发生”。 His birthday falls on a Saturday this year.
11.Thanksgiving is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn and other good things people enjoy in life.
give thanks for sth. 因某事而感谢 (1) give thanks for sth.中的for后跟感谢的原因。 I will give thanks for taking care of my baby while I am away. (2) give thanks to sb. 意为“对某人表示感谢”。 We should give thanks to our teachers for their help.
12.Families see Thanksgiving as a time to get together and usually celebrate it with a big family meal.
（1）see … as … 相当于regard…as…，其中see意为“以特定的方式考虑；看待”。 I see music as a special language. （2）celebrate v. 庆祝；庆贺 celebrate可作及物动词或不及物动词。 Celebrate every day of your life. It’s Tom’s 24th birthday. Let’s celebrate together. 【拓展】 celebration作名词，意为“庆典；庆祝活动”。
13.To go with the turkey, people often prepare other things…
prepare v. 使做好准备；把……准备好 (1) prepare作动词，常用搭配有： Hope for the best and prepare for the worst. He took out a piece of paper and prepared to write a letter. My mother is preparing dinner for us in the kitchen. 【拓展】 preparation为名词，意为“准备；准备工作”。 The Smiths are making preparations for this journey.
14.First, mix together some bread pieces, onions, salt and pepper.
mix n. 混合配料 v. （使）混合；融合 (1) mix在此处作动词，常用短语有： Mix yellow and blue (together) to make green. Please mix the sugar with the flour. I mixed you up with your twin sister. (3) mix的相关词： mixture n. 混合物 mixer n. 搅拌器 mixed adj. 混合的
15.Next, fill the turkey with this bread mix.
fill…with… 用……把……填满 fill…with…表示动作，其被动式为be filled with，意为“装满”，相当于be full of。 She filled the glass with wine. The sky is filled with stars. Life is full of exciting things.
16.When it is ready, place the turkey on a large plate and cover it with gravy.
place v. 放置 n. 位置；地点 (1) place在此处作动词，相当于put。 He was so happy and placed the fish in the icebox. (2) place还可作名词，表示“位置；地点”。 It is a good place for a picnic. cover v. 遮盖；覆盖 n. 覆盖物；盖子 (1) cover在此处作动词，常用结构： cover…with … 用……盖…… be covered with … 被……盖着 Cover the pot and bake for an hour. The bulletin board was covered with messages. (2) cover还可作名词，表示“覆盖物；盖子”。 This glass bowl has a plastic cover. (3) cover作名词,还可表示“（书刊的）封面；封皮”。 His photo is on the cover of the magazine. 图解助记：
17.… serve it to your friends with some vegetables.
serve v.接待；服务；提供，作及物动词，常用结构： We served all the guests food. = We served food to all the guests. The company serves the city with running water. 【拓展】service作名词，意为“服务；接待”。 The food was good but the service was very slow.
18.To make the special food, you need to have rice noodles, chicken soup, chicken, lettuce and eggs.
动词不定式短语作目的状语 本句中动词不定式短语在句中作目的状语， 意为“为了……”，表示强调时，可在其前加in order或so as。位于句首时，常用逗号与其他部分隔开, 位于句中时不用逗号隔开。 To pass the exam/In order to pass the exam, he worked hard. Sometimes, he also sells his teddy bears online to raise money for sick children.
19.Now, it’s time to enjoy the rice noodles!
It’s time (for sb.) to do sth. (1) It’s time (for sb.) to do sth. 表示“是（某人）做某事的时候了”。 It’s time (for him) to practice spoken English. It’s time to go home. (2) It’s time for sth.“到……的时间了”。for为介词， 其后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。 It’s time for homework. It’s time for cleaning the room.
【Grammar Focus】
祈使句
语法概述： 祈使句表示请求、命令、警告、劝告、禁止等意思。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，省略主语you，句末用感叹号或句号，读时常用降调。 祈使句的类型： 祈使句的回答： 祈使句通常表示将要发生的动作，所以回答时一般用will或won’t。回答肯定形式的祈使句用will，回答否定形式的祈使句用won’t。 — Please remember to bring your homework here tomorrow. — OK, I will. — Don’t be late for school again. — Sorry, I won’t. 祈使句的反意疑问句： （1）. 肯定形式的祈使句的反意疑问部分可用will you/ won’t you/would you。 Please keep quiet, will you Listen to me, won’t you Let me help you, would you （2）. 否定形式的祈使句后只能跟will you。 Don’t tell it to anyone else, will you （3）. 以Let’s开头的用shall we，以Let us开头的用will you。 Let’s go for a walk after supper, shall we Let us go for a walk after supper, will you 祈使句用于两个重要句型中： “祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。 Study hard,and you will succeed. 努力学习，你就会成功。 “祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件，or(else)表示“否则；要不然”。 试比较： Hurry up，or you’ll miss the train． (＝If you don’t hurry up，you’ll miss the train．)
可数名词和不可数名词
注意：（名词作定语） 通常情况下，当一个名词作定语修饰另一个名词时，变复数时只把后一个名词变为复数。但当man 或woman修饰另一个名词时， 变复数时要把man或woman和另一个名词一起变为复数。
Sequential words
First, peel the bananas and cut them up. Next,put the bananas and ice-cream in the blender. Then,pour the milk into the blender. Next,turn on the blender. A few minutes later,turn off the blender. After that, pour the milk shake into a glass. Finally, drink the milk shake.

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