资源简介

2025届高三英语复习-语法填空
（24-25高三上·北京朝阳·开学考试）
Hangzhou, the capital city of East China’s Zheijiang province, is one of the seven ancient capitals of China. As a core city of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou 1 (be) one of the most prosperous cities in China for more than 1,000 years, and is home 2 a myriad of natural attractions and historical legacies. The West Lake is definitely a place 3 people can never miss when visiting Hangzhou. 4 (situate) in the center of the city, the lake provides convenient public transport access. The Hangzhou government also offers free public bikes for tourists to travel around the lake. The parks around the lake are all free to visit.
（24-25高三上·北京·开学考试）
Nowadays, many people have more than one job, or a slash career. For people 5 (encourage) slash careers, secondary jobs 6 (become) enjoyable if they can include interests the primary job doesn’t touch. On the other hand, a slash career can be dangerous 7 work-life balance. Working more than one job can fill up all of your time. One might give up necessary things like relaxation, exercise or time with one’s family. People with slash careers need to think carefully about 8 they use their time.
（2024·北京朝阳·二模）
An elderly couple has become stars in the marathon community. 9 (win) at least 200 medals from sports meetings in the past ten years, they are regarded as role models by many people. Initially, the couple started running just 10 (improve) their health. Later, they decided to challenge themselves and signed up for a marathon. Though neither of them had run a full marathon before, they managed to complete it. They believe no matter 11 age it is, the marathon spirit of fighting to the end is essential.
（2024·北京海淀·二模）
Nathen 12 (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. Moved by her sad eyes and pitiful meowing, Nathen decided to adopt her and named her Milo. Together, they experienced kindness, 13 (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, 14 commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. Often 15 (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter.
（2024·北京昌平·二模）
Released on Aug 30, 2023, a three-episode web series 16 (title) Escape From the British Museum has become popular online for its touching and innovative story. The series follows the journey home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to life as a girl. She runs away from the British Museum and comes across a Chinese journalist 17 helps the artifact (文物) return to China. The series aims to raise broader awareness of Chinese artifacts that 18 (keep) abroad.
（2024·北京昌平·二模）
Wake up early enough and probably you 19 （hear） a pleasant chorus of birds. This early singing can start as early as 4 a. m. and last for several hours. Birds do it 20 （attract） mates and warn other birds to avoid their place. One theory as to 21 they choose the early morning to communicate these important messages is that the low visibility makes it hard to do other bird activities, like searching for food. Keeping their activity level low, they choose to sing instead.
（2024·北京东城·二模）
When Lauren Schroeder, a high school student, 22 (show) up to a community food drive last year, she saw what people there got — just a lot of 23 (can) goods. She decided to become the change she wanted to see. Schroeder grew 7,000 pounds of produce and gave it all away to food banks. Her work drew the attention of Future Farmers of America, which gave her some money for 24 (supply) and seeds. Her goal is 25 (donate) 20,000 pounds of vegetables by the time she graduates.
（2024·北京西城·二模）
A person’s memory is like a hall with many rooms, some visited frequently, others untouched 26 years. With age, sometimes, doors to certain memories become locked, requiring a special key 27 (access) them. These keys often come in the form of specific sensory inputs—something you see, smell, touch, taste, or hear. When a sensory input stimulates receptors, signals are sent along nerve cells to the brain, 28 they are processed and interpreted. The way our senses connect with our memories shows how complex our minds are. Knowing this helps us understand how our past affects how we see and act in the present.
（2024·北京通州·二模）
A few years ago, Nike decided to create a new uniform that would help athletes to go faster. The aim was 29 (reduce) wind resistance. The Swift Suit is made from several different fabrics. Since its creation, many world-class athletes 30 (run) in the Swift Suit. The famous athlete Cathy Freeman 31 (wear) her full-length green and silver suit when she competed in the 400 metres sprint (短跑) at the Sydney 2000 Olympics and won gold.
（2024·北京通州·二模）
Niagara Falls is a group of falls, 1 (compose) of three falls. It refers to the Horseshoe Falls on the Niagara River of the Canadian side and the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls on the Niagara River of the American side. In the middle of the Niagara River there is an island named Goat Island, 2 divides the Niagara River into the Horseshoe and American Falls. The island provides close access 3 the Horseshoe and the Bridal Veil Falls.
（2024·北京·三模）
By analyzing large amounts of data, Al learns and 8 (improve) with each new task it performs. This has led to a sharp rise in its use in many fields, including healthcare, transportation, and even education. In the healthcare industry, AI 9 (use) to diagnose diseases and design drugs. Another area 10 AI is making an impact is in transportation. Autonomous vehicles, 11 (power) by machine learning algorithms, are becoming more common on the roads.
（2024·北京大兴·三模）
After graduating from the university 12 a bachelor’s degree in biotechnology in 2020, Jiang Ming started work as a keeper at the forest zoo, which is home to more than 3, 000 animals from 260 species.
Born and raised in a rural area of Jiangsu, he 13 (love) animals and watched documentaries about them since childhood.
During his job interview at the zoo, when Jiang was asked 14 he had any experience in saving animals, he said the first one he 15 (help) rescue was a small turtle his father found in a river near his village.
（2024·北京·三模）
The tiger shark 16 (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous First, they like to live 17 waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can easily hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly 18 (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain 19 the damage will be disastrous.
（2024·北京海淀·一模）
A parent’s nightmare turned to relief in Florida as policemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-old girl with autism. The local police launched a desperate search, 20 (use) air and ground efforts. Thermal imaging (热成像) 21 (lead) to the discovery of her in a swampy area. A body-worn camera captured the heroic moment of her rescue. 22 policemen’s quick response, she was found unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning 23 could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion.
（2024·北京顺义·二模）
Davyon Johnson, an 11-year-old boy, was honored by his community after saving two lives in one day. On Dec. 9, a choking student tripped into the classroom 24 Davyon was. Davyon did the Heimlich immediately and saved him. Hours later, on his way home, Davyon spotted a house on fire. Everybody 25 (run) out except for an elderly lady. As the woman struggled 26 (move) using her walker, Davyon raced up the steps and helped her escape the burning building.
（2024·北京丰台·二模）
The Port of Shanghai has been the busiest in the world for 14 years running after 27 (overtake) the Port of Singapore in 2010. The seaport, situated at the mouth of the Yangtze river, 28 (grow) to cover an area of 1.5 square miles since it was opened in 1842. From here, 500 million tonnes of goods is handled in a year. There’s enough space at Shanghai to receive this huge shipment, most of 29 consists of coal, steel and machinery.
（2024·北京海淀·一模）
Li-ion batteries store a lot of energy in a small amount of space. When that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, 30 can transform certain internal battery components into burnable gases. Consumers should purchase batteries that are only listed by a nationally 31 (recognize) testing laboratory and stop using the device if the battery shows signs of damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat, popping sounds or change in color. Among all the places to charge these devices, 32 (safe) one is outdoors away from any structure and not in direct sunlight.
（2024·北京朝阳·一模）
The Terracotta Army (兵马俑) was found in 1974 near Xi’an. It is formed of more than 8,000 sculptures, which 33 (bury) alongside the emperor Qin Shi Huang more than 2,200 years ago. Now, researchers have recreated the shoes of one soldier and analysis of them 34 (suggest) that shoes worn by the terracotta sculptures were surprisingly flexible and slip resistant. If the recreated shoes 35 (true) reflect the real ones, they can help build a better picture of 36 Qin dynasty soldiers wore and how this might have aided them in battles.
【2024.北京高考真题】
A
Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life.
B
On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
C
One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
（2023·北京·高考真题）
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 34 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 35 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 36 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
（2023·北京·高考真题）
Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 37 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 38 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 39 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
（2023·北京·高考真题）
Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 40 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 41 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 42 (address)the struggles of people around the world 43 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
（2022·北京·高考真题）
Helen was walking down the street late 34 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 35 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 36 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
（2022·北京·高考真题）
Why do humans prefer some smells over others One theory, increasingly 37 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 38 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 39 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
（2022·北京·高考真题）
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 40 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 41 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 42 (bad). The use of those plastics 43 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.2025届高三英语复习-语法填空
（24-25高三上·北京朝阳·开学考试）
Hangzhou, the capital city of East China’s Zheijiang province, is one of the seven ancient capitals of China. As a core city of the Yangtze River Delta, Hangzhou 1 (be) one of the most prosperous cities in China for more than 1,000 years, and is home 2 a myriad of natural attractions and historical legacies. The West Lake is definitely a place 3 people can never miss when visiting Hangzhou. 4 (situate) in the center of the city, the lake provides convenient public transport access. The Hangzhou government also offers free public bikes for tourists to travel around the lake. The parks around the lake are all free to visit.
【答案】1．has been 2．to 3．that/which 4．Situated
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州城及其景点——西湖。
1．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：作为长江三角洲的核心城市，杭州是中国1000多年来最繁荣的城市之一，拥有无数的自然景观和历史遗产。空格处是句子的谓语部分，由时间状语for more than 1,000 years可知，应该用现在完成时，主语是Hangzhou，助动词用has。故填has been。
2．考查介词。句意：作为长江三角洲的核心城市，杭州是中国1000多年来最繁荣的城市之一，拥有无数的自然景观和历史遗产。be home to“是……的所在地/栖息地”是固定搭配。故填to。
3．考查定语从句。句意：游览杭州时，西湖绝对是一个不容错过的地方。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词a place进行限定说明，从句中缺宾语，先行词指物，所以应该用关系代词that或which代替先行词a place在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：湖位于城市中心，提供了方便的公共交通。空格处应该用非谓语动词作状语，动词situate“使位于；使坐落于”与逻辑主语the lake之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词situated作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Situated。
（24-25高三上·北京·开学考试）
Nowadays, many people have more than one job, or a slash career. For people 5 (encourage) slash careers, secondary jobs 6 (become) enjoyable if they can include interests the primary job doesn’t touch. On the other hand, a slash career can be dangerous 7 work-life balance. Working more than one job can fill up all of your time. One might give up necessary things like relaxation, exercise or time with one’s family. People with slash careers need to think carefully about 8 they use their time.
【答案】5．encouraging 6．will become 7．for 8．how
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了斜杠职业的利弊及其对工作与生活平衡的影响。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：对于鼓励斜杠职业的人来说，第二份工作如果能够包含主要工作没有触及的兴趣，那么它就会变得有趣。根据空前people及所给单词encourage和句子结构可知，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词people，people与encourage构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式，作后置定语，指的是那些鼓励斜杠职业的人们。故填encouraging。
6．考查动词时态。句意：对于鼓励斜杠职业的人来说，第二份工作如果能够包含主要工作没有触及的兴趣，那么它就会变得有趣。空处是句子的谓语动词，表达未来可能发生的情况，即当第二份工作包含了主要工作中未涉及的兴趣时，它将变得有趣，应用一般将来时。故填will become。
7．考查介词。句意：另一方面，斜杠职业对工作与生活的平衡是危险的。根据句意及空前“be dangerous”可知，空处应用介词for表示“对……来说”，构成短语be dangerous for ...“对……来说是危险的”。故填for。
8．考查宾语从句。句意：从事斜杠职业的人需要仔细考虑如何利用时间。根据空前谓语动词need及空后谓语动词use可知，空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作方式状语，应用连接副词how表示“如何”。故填how。
（2024·北京朝阳·二模）
An elderly couple has become stars in the marathon community. 9 (win) at least 200 medals from sports meetings in the past ten years, they are regarded as role models by many people. Initially, the couple started running just 10 (improve) their health. Later, they decided to challenge themselves and signed up for a marathon. Though neither of them had run a full marathon before, they managed to complete it. They believe no matter 11 age it is, the marathon spirit of fighting to the end is essential.
【答案】9．Having won 10．to improve 11．what
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一对老夫妇成为了马拉松界的明星。在过去的十年中，他们在运动会中赢得了至少200枚奖牌，被许多人视为榜样。讲述了他们的跑步经历。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的十年中，他们在运动会中赢得了至少200枚奖牌，被许多人视为榜样。此处win在句中应用非谓语动词，且在谓语之前发生，用having done形式，首字母大写。故填Having won。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：最初，这对夫妇开始跑步只是为了改善他们的健康。此处improve在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to improve。
11．考查状语从句。句意：他们相信，无论年龄多大，拼搏到底的马拉松精神都是必不可少的。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用no matter what。故填what。
（2024·北京海淀·二模）
Nathen 12 (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. Moved by her sad eyes and pitiful meowing, Nathen decided to adopt her and named her Milo. Together, they experienced kindness, 13 (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, 14 commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. Often 15 (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter.
【答案】12．was cycling 13．visited 14．when 15．found
【导语】本文属于记叙文，Nathen在偏远路上偶遇弃猫，出于怜悯将其收养并取名Milo。他们共同传递爱心、访问慈善机构、拯救动物，建立深厚情谊。Milo尤其喜欢在高峰期到家附近的车站为通勤者带去慰藉，用它的存在点亮人们的清晨。
12．考查固定句型和时态。句意：Nathen在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车时，遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。cycle“骑自行车”。根据句意和空后的when和came可知，此处为固定句型“was/were doing... when...”，本空用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，主语Nathen为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was cycling。
13．考查时态。句意：他们一起体验了善意，参观了慈善机构，救助了动物，形成了不可破的纽带。visit“参观”。本空用过去式visited，与experienced和rescued并列，用连词and连接。故填visited。
14．考查定语从句。句意：Milo尤其喜欢在上下班高峰期去家附近的火车站，那时上下班对大多数人来说都是一种挑战。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是rush hour，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
15．考查非谓语动词。句意：Milo经常被发现坐在检票口，向上下班往返的人打招呼，并给她遇到的所有人带来微笑，使春天的早晨变得更加明亮。本句谓语为greeted，此处为非谓语动词，且Milo与find“发现”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，表示被动。故填found。
（2024·北京昌平·二模）
Released on Aug 30, 2023, a three-episode web series 16 (title) Escape From the British Museum has become popular online for its touching and innovative story. The series follows the journey home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to life as a girl. She runs away from the British Museum and comes across a Chinese journalist 17 helps the artifact (文物) return to China. The series aims to raise broader awareness of Chinese artifacts that 18 (keep) abroad.
【答案】16．titled 17．who 18．are kept
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了2023年8月30日发布的网络剧《逃离大英博物馆》。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年8月30日上映的一部三集网络剧《逃离大英博物馆》因其感人和创新的故事情节而在网络上广受欢迎。“(title) Escape From the British Museum”作后置定语，title(加标题，定题目)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语a three-episode web series之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填titled。
17．考查定语从句。句意：她逃离了大英博物馆，遇到了一位中国记者，他帮助文物回到了中国。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a Chinese journalist，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
18．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该系列旨在提高人们对保存在国外的中国文物的认识。keep(保存)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词Chinese artifacts)之间是被动关系，描述现在的状态，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，复数形式。故填are kept。
（2024·北京昌平·二模）
Wake up early enough and probably you 19 （hear） a pleasant chorus of birds. This early singing can start as early as 4 a. m. and last for several hours. Birds do it 20 （attract） mates and warn other birds to avoid their place. One theory as to 21 they choose the early morning to communicate these important messages is that the low visibility makes it hard to do other bird activities, like searching for food. Keeping their activity level low, they choose to sing instead.
【答案】19．will hear 20．to attract 21．why
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了鸟儿唱歌的原因。
19．考查时态。句意：早起的话，你可能会听到鸟儿欢快的合唱。本句为“祈使句+and+一般将来时”的用法。故填will hear。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：鸟类这样做是为了吸引配偶，并警告其他鸟类远离它们的地方。动词不定式做目的状语。故填to attract。
21．考查连接词。句意：关于它们为什么选择清晨来传达这些重要信息的一种理论是，低能见度使得鸟类很难进行其他活动，比如寻找食物。To后接宾语从句，表示“为什么”，关系副词用why。故填why。
（2024·北京东城·二模）
When Lauren Schroeder, a high school student, 22 (show) up to a community food drive last year, she saw what people there got — just a lot of 23 (can) goods. She decided to become the change she wanted to see. Schroeder grew 7,000 pounds of produce and gave it all away to food banks. Her work drew the attention of Future Farmers of America, which gave her some money for 24 (supply) and seeds. Her goal is 25 (donate) 20,000 pounds of vegetables by the time she graduates.
【答案】22．showed 23．canned 24．supplies 25．to donate
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要说明了高中生劳伦·施罗德种植了7000磅农产品，并全部捐给了食品银行。她的工作引起了美国未来农民组织的注意，该组织给了她一些钱来购买物资和种子。她的目标是在毕业前捐出2万磅蔬菜。
22．考查时态。句意：去年，高中生劳伦·施罗德参加了一个社区食品募捐活动，她看到那里的人们有很多罐头食品。根据后文saw可知为一般过去时。故填showed。
23．考查形容词。句意：去年，高中生劳伦·施罗德参加了一个社区食品募捐活动，她看到那里的人们有很多罐头食品。修饰名词goods应用形容词canned，表示“罐头的”。故填canned。
24．考查名词的数。句意：她的工作引起了美国未来农民组织的注意，该组织给了她一些钱来购买物资和种子。根据后文and seeds可知应用复数，作介词的宾语。故填supplies。
25．考查非谓语动词。句意：她的目标是在毕业前捐出2万磅蔬菜。说明主语的内容，应用不定式作表语。故填to donate。
（2024·北京西城·二模）
A person’s memory is like a hall with many rooms, some visited frequently, others untouched 26 years. With age, sometimes, doors to certain memories become locked, requiring a special key 27 (access) them. These keys often come in the form of specific sensory inputs—something you see, smell, touch, taste, or hear. When a sensory input stimulates receptors, signals are sent along nerve cells to the brain, 28 they are processed and interpreted. The way our senses connect with our memories shows how complex our minds are. Knowing this helps us understand how our past affects how we see and act in the present.
【答案】26．for 27．to access 28．where
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人的记忆的存储的方式以及大脑是如何处理感觉信号。
26．考查介词。句意：一个人的记忆就像一个有很多房间的大厅，有些房间经常去，有些房间多年未动。此处使用介词for+一段时间表示“长达……之久”，用作时间状语。故填for。
27．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着年龄的增长，有时某些记忆的门会被锁住，需要一把特殊的钥匙才能进入。此处表示目的，需用不定式。故填to access。
28．考查定语从句。句意：当感觉输入刺激受体时，信号会沿着神经细胞发送到大脑，在那里进行处理和解释。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是the brain，定语从句缺少地点状语，需用关系副词where。故填where。
（2024·北京通州·二模）
A few years ago, Nike decided to create a new uniform that would help athletes to go faster. The aim was 29 (reduce) wind resistance. The Swift Suit is made from several different fabrics. Since its creation, many world-class athletes 30 (run) in the Swift Suit. The famous athlete Cathy Freeman 31 (wear) her full-length green and silver suit when she competed in the 400 metres sprint (短跑) at the Sydney 2000 Olympics and won gold.
【答案】29．to reduce 30．have run 31．wore
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了耐克公司决定设计一种帮助运动员跑得更快的新制服，其目的是减少风的阻力。列举了运动员的穿着效果。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：其目的是减少风的阻力。说明主语的内容，用不定式作表语。故填to reduce。
30．考查时态。句意：自诞生以来，许多世界级运动员都穿着Swift Suit跑步。根据“Since its creation”可知为现在完成时，主语为many world-class athletes，助动词用have。故填have run。
31．考查时态。句意：著名运动员凯茜·弗里曼在2000年悉尼奥运会上参加400米短跑比赛时，穿着她的绿色和银色长裙，并获得了金牌。根据后文“at the Sydney 2000 Olympics”可知，发生在过去，谓语动词用一般过去时。故填wore。
（2024·北京通州·二模）
Niagara Falls is a group of falls, 1 (compose) of three falls. It refers to the Horseshoe Falls on the Niagara River of the Canadian side and the American Falls and the Bridal Veil Falls on the Niagara River of the American side. In the middle of the Niagara River there is an island named Goat Island, 2 divides the Niagara River into the Horseshoe and American Falls. The island provides close access 3 the Horseshoe and the Bridal Veil Falls.
【答案】1．composed 2．which 3．to
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了尼亚加拉大瀑布的一些详细信息。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：尼亚加拉大瀑布是一组瀑布，由三个瀑布组成。这句话的谓语部分是is a group of falls，compose在这里作非谓语，和逻辑主语Niagara Falls之间是被动关系，故用过去分词composed，在句子中作定语。故填composed。
2．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在尼亚加拉河的中部有一个名叫山羊岛的岛，它将尼亚加拉河划分为马蹄铁瀑布和美国瀑布。设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词为Goat Island，故用关系代词which。故填which。
3．考查介词。句意：该岛提供了去往马蹄铁和新娘面纱瀑布的通道。根据空前的名词access可知，应填介词to。access to，去……的通路，通向……的入口。故填to。
（2024·北京通州·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空
A strong work ethic (道德) is vital to a company. Certain 4 (factor) come together to create a strong work ethic. A sense of responsibility is a factor. It affects 5 an employee works. When the employee feels 6 (personal) responsible for his job performance, he shows up on time and completes projects to the best of his ability. A sense of team work is another factor. An employee with a high sense of team work helps a team meet its goals. These employees respect and help each other, 7 (make) cooperation go smoother.
【答案】4．factors 5．how 6．personally 7．making
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了强烈的职业道德对一家公司至关重要。某些因素共同造就了强烈的职业道德。
4．考查名词的数。句意：某些因素共同造就了强烈的职业道德。后文动词come为原形，可知主语应用复数。故填factors。
5．考查宾语从句。句意：它会影响员工的工作方式。引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，应用how。故填how。
6．考查副词。句意：当员工感到对自己的工作表现负有个人责任时，他就会准时出现，并尽其所能完成项目。修饰形容词responsible应用副词personally，故填personally。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些员工互相尊重，互相帮助，使合作更加顺利。此处make与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填making。
（2024·北京·三模）
By analyzing large amounts of data, Al learns and 8 (improve) with each new task it performs. This has led to a sharp rise in its use in many fields, including healthcare, transportation, and even education. In the healthcare industry, AI 9 (use) to diagnose diseases and design drugs. Another area 10 AI is making an impact is in transportation. Autonomous vehicles, 11 (power) by machine learning algorithms, are becoming more common on the roads.
【答案】8．improves 9．is used/is being used/has been used 10．where 11．powered
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人工智能在很多领域的广泛使用。
8．考查谓语动词。句意：通过分析大量数据，人工智能可以在每次执行新任务时学习和改进。此空与and前的learns为并列作谓语，根据learns可知，此处是在陈述一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语为AI与improve之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数故填improves。
9．考查谓语动词。句意：在医疗保健行业，人工智能正被用于诊断疾病和设计药物。此空为句子的谓语，结合语境可知，此处可理解为讲述的是客观事实，所以使用一般现在时，也可理解为“use”的动作正在进行，所以可使用现在进行时，或者是表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，可以使用现在完成时，主语AI与use之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时，现在进行时或者是现在完成时的被动语态，主语为AI为单数形式。故填is used/is being used/has been used。
10．考查定语从句。句意：人工智能正在产生影响的另一个领域是交通运输。此空所在的句子有两个谓语动词，分别是is making和is，所以此处应为连词，且此空位于名词Another area之后，此处应为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词another area为抽象地点状语，所以此处应用关系副词where。故填where。
11．考查过去分词。句意：由机器学习算法驱动的自动驾驶汽车在道路上变得越来越普遍。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰autonomous vehicles，动词power与所修饰词autonomous vehicles之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填powered。
（2024·北京大兴·三模）
After graduating from the university 12 a bachelor’s degree in biotechnology in 2020, Jiang Ming started work as a keeper at the forest zoo, which is home to more than 3, 000 animals from 260 species.
Born and raised in a rural area of Jiangsu, he 13 (love) animals and watched documentaries about them since childhood.
During his job interview at the zoo, when Jiang was asked 14 he had any experience in saving animals, he said the first one he 15 (help) rescue was a small turtle his father found in a river near his village.
【答案】12．with 13．has loved 14．if/whether 15．helped
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了江明在2020年大学毕业后的职业生涯起点，他在森林动物园担任饲养员的经历，以及他从小对动物的热爱和他的相关经历。文章通过叙述个人经历和背景信息，展现了主人公的职业选择和个人兴趣之间的联系。
12．考查介词。句意：2020年，江明从大学毕业，获得了生物技术学士学位，开始在森林动物园担任饲养员，该动物园是来自260个物种的3000多只动物的家园。本空用介词with，表示“带有，拥有”的意思。故填with。
13．考查时态。句意：他在江苏农村地区出生并长大，从小就喜欢动物，并观看有关它们的纪录片。根据since childhood可知，love“爱，喜欢”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，又因主语he是第三人称单数代词，所以助动词用has。故填has loved。
14．考查宾语从句。句意：在动物园的工作面试中，当江被问及是否有救助动物的经验时，他说他帮助救援的第一只是他父亲在他村附近的一条河里发现的小乌龟。本空用if或whether引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。故填if/whether。
15．考查时态。句意：在动物园的工作面试中，当江被问及是否有救助动物的经验时，他说他帮助救援的第一只是他父亲在他村附近的一条河里发现的小乌龟。one后为定语从句，本空为定语从句的谓语，根据was可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用help的过去式helped。故填helped。
（2024·北京·三模）
The tiger shark 16 (consider) to be one of the most dangerous sharks in the world. Why are tiger sharks so dangerous First, they like to live 17 waters where humans usually swim, so the chances of an encounter are much greater. Second, tiger sharks are so strong and aggressive that they can easily hit a person. And third, tiger sharks have teeth perfectly 18 (design) for cutting their food, so it is certain 19 the damage will be disastrous.
【答案】16．is considered/ has been considered 17．in/ around/near 18．designed 19．that
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么虎鲨如此危险。
16．考查动词时态和语态。句意：虎鲨被认为是世界上最危险的鲨鱼之一。这是一个客观事实可以用一般现在时，或者这是到目前为止一种认知，所以也可以用现在完成时。主语是the tiger shark，是单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。而且虎鲨跟认为之间是被动关系，所以也要用被动语态。故填is considered/has been considered。
17．考查介词。句意：首先，它们喜欢生活在人类经常游泳的水域/水域附近，所以遇到它们的几率要大得多。在水域或者在水域附近，要用介词in或者around或者near。故填in/ around/ near。
18．考查非谓语。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。空处为非谓语动词，teeth与design为被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填designed。
19．考查连接词。句意：第三，虎鲨有完美的设计来切割它们的食物牙齿，所以肯定会造成灾难性的破坏。It is certain that“……是确定的”为固定句型。故填that。
（2024·北京海淀·一模）
A parent’s nightmare turned to relief in Florida as policemen swiftly rescued a missing five-year-old girl with autism. The local police launched a desperate search, 20 (use) air and ground efforts. Thermal imaging (热成像) 21 (lead) to the discovery of her in a swampy area. A body-worn camera captured the heroic moment of her rescue. 22 policemen’s quick response, she was found unharmed. The public praised the team’s efficiency in turning 23 could have been a tragedy into a heartwarming reunion.
【答案】20．using 21．led 22．With 23．what
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州，警方成功利用热成像技术找到一名失踪的五岁自闭症女孩，避免了悲剧发生，使她与家人重新团聚。
20．考查现在分词。句意：当地警方动用空中和地面力量展开了绝望的搜索。分析句子结构可知，use在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，它和“the local police”之间为主动关系，因此使用现在分词作状语，故填using。
21．考查时态。句意：热成像发现她是在一个沼泽地区。根据上下文可知，句子描述的事情发生在过去，动词使用一般过去时，故填led。
22．考查介词。句意：由于警察的迅速反应，她才安然无恙。此处应该填入介词，表示“由于，因为”且只能填入一个词，故填With。
23．考查宾语从句。句意：公众赞扬了该团队的效率，将原本可能发生的悲剧变成了一场暖心的团聚。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……事物”，因此使用what引导宾语从句，故填what。
（2024·北京顺义·二模）
Davyon Johnson, an 11-year-old boy, was honored by his community after saving two lives in one day. On Dec. 9, a choking student tripped into the classroom 24 Davyon was. Davyon did the Heimlich immediately and saved him. Hours later, on his way home, Davyon spotted a house on fire. Everybody 25 (run) out except for an elderly lady. As the woman struggled 26 (move) using her walker, Davyon raced up the steps and helped her escape the burning building.
【答案】24．where 25．ran 26．to move
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了11岁的男孩Davyon Johnson通过实施海姆立克急救法、救助火场被困老人挽救两条生命的故事。
24．考查定语从句。句意：12月9日，一名窒息的学生跑进了戴维恩所在的教室。空处缺少关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词为the classroom，关系词替代先行词作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
25．考查动词时态。句意：除了一位老妇人，每个人都跑出去了。空处作谓语，结合前一句“Davyon spotted a house on fire”可知，房子着火了，结合“for an elderly lady”可知，除了老妇人，所有人跑了出去，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填ran。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：当这名妇女用助行器挣扎着移动时，戴维恩跑上台阶，帮助她逃离了着火的大楼。空处作struggle的宾语，用struggle to do结构。故填to move。
（2024·北京丰台·二模）
The Port of Shanghai has been the busiest in the world for 14 years running after 27 (overtake) the Port of Singapore in 2010. The seaport, situated at the mouth of the Yangtze river, 28 (grow) to cover an area of 1.5 square miles since it was opened in 1842. From here, 500 million tonnes of goods is handled in a year. There’s enough space at Shanghai to receive this huge shipment, most of 29 consists of coal, steel and machinery.
【答案】27．overtaking 28．has grown 29．which
【导语】这是一篇说明文。自2010年超过新加坡港以来，上海港已连续14年成为世界上最繁忙的港口。文章对此进行了介绍。
27．考查动名词。句意：自2010年超过新加坡港以来，上海港已连续14年成为世界上最繁忙的港口。动词overtake意为“超过”，在介词after后应用动名词形式作宾语。故填overtaking。
28．考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：这个海港位于长江口，自1842年开放以来，占地面积已扩大到1.5平方英里。根据“since it was opened in 1842”可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语seaport为第三人称单数。故填has grown。
29．考查定语从句。句意：上海有足够的空间来接收这批庞大的货物，其中大部分是煤炭、钢铁和机械。在非限制性定语从句中缺少介词of后的宾语，且先行词为shipment，所以应用关系代词which。故填which。
（2024·北京海淀·一模）
Li-ion batteries store a lot of energy in a small amount of space. When that energy is released in an uncontrolled manner, it generates heat, 30 can transform certain internal battery components into burnable gases. Consumers should purchase batteries that are only listed by a nationally 31 (recognize) testing laboratory and stop using the device if the battery shows signs of damage, such as an unusual smell, excessive heat, popping sounds or change in color. Among all the places to charge these devices, 32 (safe) one is outdoors away from any structure and not in direct sunlight.
【答案】30．which 31．recognized 32．the safest
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲锂电池能量储存多，不当释放有危害，使用充电需注意安全。
30．考查定语从句。句意：当能量以不受控制的方式释放时，它会产生热量，从而将某些内部电池组件转化为可燃气体。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子，从句缺少主语，故用which。故填which。
31．考查过去分词。句意：消费者应购买仅由国家认可的测试实验室列出的电池，如果电池出现损坏迹象，例如异常气味、过度发热、爆裂声或颜色变化，则应停止使用该设备。此处修饰testing laboratory，表示“被认可的”应用过去分词作定语。故填recognized。
32．考查形容词最高级。句意：在所有为这些设备充电的地方中，最安全的一个是在户外远离任何建筑物且不在直射阳光下。此处表示“最安全的”应用最高级the safest。故填the safest。
（2024·北京朝阳·一模）
The Terracotta Army (兵马俑) was found in 1974 near Xi’an. It is formed of more than 8,000 sculptures, which 33 (bury) alongside the emperor Qin Shi Huang more than 2,200 years ago. Now, researchers have recreated the shoes of one soldier and analysis of them 34 (suggest) that shoes worn by the terracotta sculptures were surprisingly flexible and slip resistant. If the recreated shoes 35 (true) reflect the real ones, they can help build a better picture of 36 Qin dynasty soldiers wore and how this might have aided them in battles.
【答案】33．were buried 34．suggests 35．truly 36．what
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了研究者对于兵马俑鞋子的研究和发现。
33．考查动词时态和语态。句意：它由8000多尊雕塑组成，这些雕塑在2200多年前与秦始皇一起埋葬。分析句子可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，空处作从句谓语，which指代先行词sculptures，表示复数，与bury构成被动关系，且结合more than 2,200 years ago可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were buried。
34．考查动词时态。句意：现在，研究人员重新制作了一名士兵的鞋子，对鞋子的分析表明，兵马俑雕塑所穿的鞋子具有惊人的柔韧性和防滑性。and并列两个句子，空处为后一个句子的谓语，主语analysis为单数，suggest意思为：表明，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填suggests。
35．考查副词。句意：如果重现的鞋子真实地反映了真实的鞋子，它们可以帮助我们更好地了解秦朝士兵的穿着，以及这对他们在战斗中的帮助。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词reflect，用副词作状语。故填truly。
36．考查宾语从句。句意同上。分析句子可知，of为介词，其后为宾语从句，从句Qin dynasty soldiers wore中wore后缺少宾语，表示事物，用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。
【2024.北京高考真题】
A
Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life.
【答案】11. to rest 12. self-awareness 13. gives 14. boundaries
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。
【11题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。
【12题详解】
考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词self-awareness，sense of self-awareness表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。
【13题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。
【14题详解】
考场名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。
B
On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
【答案】15. was named 16. asked 17. who
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood及其长寿秘诀。
【15题详解】
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。
【16题详解】
And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度).考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。
【17题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
C
One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!”
【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。
【18题详解】
考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。
【19题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。
（2023·北京·高考真题）
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I 34 (throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up 35 (exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest 36 (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
【答案】34．threw 35．exactly 36．had arrived
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。
34．考查动词时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。根据后文and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填threw。
35．考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。此处修饰介词短语on time，应用副词exactly，作状语。故填exactly。
36．考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
（2023·北京·高考真题）
Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When 37 (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
Mangroves can help soften waves and protect 38 (city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China 39 (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
【答案】37．seen 38．cities 39．has established
【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。
37．考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。
38．考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。
39．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。
（2023·北京·高考真题）
Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention 40 global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 41 thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action 42 (address)the struggles of people around the world 43 (face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”.
【答案】40．to 41．where 42．to address 43．facing
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。
40．考查介词。句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attention to。故填to。
41．考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。
（2022·北京·高考真题）
Helen was walking down the street late 34 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 35 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 36 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet!
【答案】34．in 35．to harm 36．caught
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。
34．考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。
35．考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。
36．考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。
（2022·北京·高考真题）
Why do humans prefer some smells over others One theory, increasingly 37 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 38 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 39 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
【答案】37．supported 38．whether 39．has
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。
38．考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。
39．考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。
（2022·北京·高考真题）
Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 40 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 41 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 42 (bad). The use of those plastics 43 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
【答案】40．themselves 41．which 42．worse 43．has increased
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。
【详解】1.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者预定配送服务。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
2.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
3.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。
4.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。

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