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名校方案 重庆市2025届高三10月考试
英 语 试 题
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
What does Jerry do for a living now
A．He makes videos. B．He reports news. C．He writes storybooks.
Why did the man join the soccer club
A．To get credits. B．To make some friends. C．To satisfy his interest.
What does the man tell the woman to do
A．Complete the project. B．Take a break. C．Get him some coffee.
What did the woman probably do last night
A．She went to a pool. B．She finished a report. C．She planned a project.
What is the main topic of the conversation
A．Grocery shopping. B．Food preservation. C．Cooking techniques.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6～7小题。
What did the boy spend an hour doing today
A．Concentrating on handling balls.
B．Walking his dog.
C．Practicing shooting.
How soon will the dinner be ready
A．In 20 minutes. B．In 30 minutes. C．In 40 minutes.
听第7段材料，回答8～10小题。
Why is Emily planting trees
A．She wants to celebrate Tree-Planting Day.
B．She is participating in a school project.
C．She hopes to have some fun.
What does Emily say about oak trees
A．They provide a habitat and a food source for wildlife.
B．They are easier to take care of than other trees.
C．They have hard wood and are long-lasting.
What will the speakers do next
A．Choose a tree. B．Visit a forest. C．Pick a spot.
听第8段材料，回答11～13小题。
What does the man find exciting about diving
A．Discovering unknown sea life.
B．Exploring historic sites.
C．Diving into the depths.
What does the man stress about special training for scuba diving
A．Using hand signals for communication.
B．Understanding underwater signs.
C．Knowing how to use scuba equipment.
What sea life did the man see when he dived with his uncle
A．A parrotfish. B．A sea turtle. C．A dolphin.
听第9段材料，回答14～17小题。
When does the conversation take place
A．On December 29th. B．On December 30th. C．On December 31st.
What change did the woman experience this year
A．She got a promotion. B．She moved to a big house. C．She switched to a new project.
What does the woman expect to do in the coming year
A．Learn photography. B．Go on a tour. C．Take up painting.
Who is the woman
A．The man’s co-worker. B．The man’s sister. C．The man’s old classmate.
听第10段材料，回答18～20小题。
Who can benefit from the program
A．Kids active in summer camps.
B．Kids not good at learning.
C．Kids lacking friendship.
What was the benefit for Sammie to collect bottle caps
A．Taking breaks from a big project.
B．Acknowledging her strengths.
C．Being brave to make friends.
In which countries have schools received benches donated by Sammie
A．Ghana and Germany. B．Australia and Mexico. C．Mexico and the Netherlands.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Virgin Islands National Park is a tropical (热带的) paradise on the island of St. John,which covers more than half of the small island.It is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south,where the climate is warm all year.The island's white sand beaches and clear blue seas are considered to be among the most beautiful in the Caribbean,gaining reputation and popularity among visitors across the world.
How the national park was formed
Laurence Rockefeller was an American millionaire,businessman and conservationist.He visited St.John in the 1950s. He quickly fell in love with the island's clean, pure beauty.He first purchased a small resort there, Caneel Bay. He also purchased more than 2,000 hectares of the island and donated it to the government.That donation created the U.S.Virgin Islands National Park.It was officially opened as a national park on December 1, 1956.
How to get to the park
The only way to reach the park is by boat. Some people arrive on their own sailboats. Others come in on large cruise ships.Visitors also arrive on water taxis from the island of St. Thomas.
What to do at the park
From the tropical hills to the blue waters,there are many things to do at the Virgin Islands National Park. Visitors enjoy fishing,camping,sailing,scuba diving, snorkeling (浮潜), and bird watching. Of all of the park's beaches, Trunk Bay Beach is said to be the most striking. Below the clear blue water is a 200-meter snorkeling path. Hawksnest Beach is also a popular place for snorkeling. Near the shore are three small reefs of Elkhorn Coral. The Elkhorn Coral gets its name from its shape. The reef looks similar to the huge horns (角) of an animal called elk. It is a very rare kind of reef.Scientists say it is in danger of becoming extinct.
The Virgin Islands National Park is often called America's paradise. It protects St. John's pristine nature, and preserves the record of human history in the Caribbean.
Don't hesitate! Come here and put yourself in the paradise!
What is most likely attractive to tourists when they visit the Virgin Islands National Park
A．Its tropical climate. B．Its location.
C．Its beautiful scenery. D．Its activity.
What can we learn about the Virgin Islands National Park
A．An animal called elk is at risk of becoming dying out.
B．Visitors can choose any means of transportation to get to the park.
C．Laurence's donation greatly contributed to the foundation of the park.
D．There is a 200-meter snorkeling path beneath the water of the Hawksnest Beach.
Where is the text probably taken from
A．A speech script. B．A travel brochure.
C．An academic essay. D．A geographic journal.
B
The scene in the stands at Roland Garros’s Court Philippe-Chatrier was dotted with red banners, adding a glow to the already orange y air spreading the red clay court.
There were hundreds of Chinese waving flags to support Qinwen Zheng, 21, who would soon take gold by defeating Croatia’s Donna Vedic in the women’s singles tennis final.
As she lay down on the dirt, eyes skyward and fists extended into the Paris haze, the win’s gravity seemed to register: This was China’s first-ever Olympic gold medal in this sport. When talking about the Olympics, Zheng said, “I treated the Games differently — the emotion, the fight, the mentality. If you asked me to stay three more hours to fight, I could do it.”
Born in 2002, Zheng started playing tennis at age seven. At age eight, she moved alone for better coaching. Since adolescence, she has deeply admired Chinese athletes, such as the tennis star Li Na, who joined the 2008 Beijing Games, and the runner Liu Xiang, who won gold at the 2004 Athens Games.
“It was really tough,” Zheng said, looking back at those early days. “My mom used to come visit on weekends. When she left, I would hold her leg and cry. After 13, she decided to stay with me full-time to let me have better growth and care. After that, it got easier. And we moved to Europe when I was 17.”
In Paris, Zheng performed exceptionally well on her road to gold, including toppling world number one Iga Swiatek. “With Iga, I was clear,” Zheng said. “I know why I lost to her before. I played rushed, made too many unforced errors, and wanted to hit faster than her. I wanted to prove my power. But in these Games, I didn’t think like this.”
Zheng is conscious, too, of the effects that her milestone achievement in Paris will have. As we wrapped up our chat, she said, softly: “I was reading comments last night and some of them were talking about inspiration, and this makes me feel proud. If you watch my tennis and it brings you some extra strength in your life, that will make me happy.”
According to the passage, which is TRUE about Qinwen Zheng
A．She considered all tennis games to be equally important.
B．She felt confident to live alone at her early days of training.
C．She secured the first Chinese Olympic tennis championship.
D．As a teenager, she wanted to go beyond other Chinese athletes.
What does the underlined word “toppling” in the 6th paragraph mean
A．Challenging. B．Defeating.
C．Discouraging. D．Declining.
Which words can best describe Qinwen Zheng
A．Competent and idealistic. B．Creative and independent.
C．Sincere and ambitious. D．Strong-willed and reflective.
What can we infer from Qinwen Zheng’s words in the last paragraph
A．She feels delighted to read numerous comments on her match.
B．She expects her achievement to motivate more people.
C．She takes pride in attaining the Olympic gold medal.
D．She hopes that her achievement will earn her fame.
C
If a word is said or looked at steadily for some little time, it will be found to take on a curiously strange and foreign aspect. This is a phenomenon called semantic satiation that affects our understanding of words when they are mentioned too often.
The term was created by psychologist Leon James. He conducted several experiments to explore how the concept affects our thinking and found that it is a kind of tiredness called reactive inhibition (反应性抑制). When a brain cell fires, it takes more energy to fire afterwards, and finally it won’t even respond unless you wait a few seconds.
For example, “Black Friday (a shopping day)” is no longer as appealing as it once was. We’ve repeated “Black Friday” so much that it is now as indistinct as the packages of common Wal-Mart string cheese that you go past hurriedly on your way to argue over a half- price vegetable steamer at 3 a. m. Hence, marketers are reconsidering their sales strategies.
One experiment he conducted sought to explore whether semantic satiation could be used to lessen stuttering (口吃). He had an assistant call a stuttering participant and they talked on the phone for one minute, creating a situation that increased anxiety as there were no alternative means of communication for the participant other than speaking. Ten minutes later, the assistant called again. And the cycle was repeated 10 times throughout the day. The goal was to induce (诱发) semantic satiation in the stuttering participant related to the emotion of the stress - inducing phone call. And he says it worked.
Any word can be the victim of semantic satiation, but the amount of time before words lose meaning can vary, with words that can draw out strong emotions taking longer due to the brain cycling through other associations with the words. One study showed that when presented with a tone, the sleeping cat immediately woke up. But as they played the tone again and again, the cat took time to wake up each time, until it kept on sleeping. But when the tone was varied slightly, the cat woke up immediately. Therefore, when teachers assign word memorization exercises to students, it is wise to avoid repetitive memorization or the words will become meaningless to students.
Which of the following can best explain “semantic satiation”
A．It’s a kind of serious language learning disability.
B．It’s a reflection of the subjective nature of language.
C．It’s a practice of rearranging letters to form new words.
D．It’s an occurrence arising from the repetition of words.
How does semantic satiation affect “Black Friday” according to the text
A．People lose their craze for “Black Friday”. B．People start buying Wal- Mart string cheese.
C．People merely show interest in goods on sale. D．People make the best of some shopping strategies.
What’s the result of the experiment involving a stuttering participant
A．The participant’s stuttering improved. B．The participant’s stuttering was cured.
C．The participant became more stressed. D．The participant failed to communicate.
What’s the implication of the cat experiment f on teachers
A．Delivering classes in a clear tone.
B．Employing variations in word exercises.
C．Highlighting the importance of the word meaning.
D．Encouraging students to get up early in the morning.
D
At large events all over the world, the scenes of extreme heat stress are starting to look familiar. Older men, shirts undone, lying down with their eyes closed. Aid tents packed with the unconscious. And lines of the faithful — whether they seek religion, music, ballot boxes or sport — sweating under slivers of shade.
The consequences have been scared. At this year’s hajj (朝觐), the Islamic pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, at least 1,300 people died as temperatures beyonded 37℃. And in many ways, that heavy incident was just the latest sign that crowd control and heat waves fueled by climate change are on a dangerous power. During India’s recent election, dozens of workers died on the job. Last summer, troops of Boy Scouts visiting South Korea became sick from heat, as did others at music festivals in Australia, Europe and North America.
Even as heat kills more people today than any other extreme weather event, there is still a dangerous cultural lag (滞后). Many major-event organizers are still failing to realize just how much a warming planet has risen the risk to summer crowds.
“As the warm seasons get longer, as the heat waves come earlier, we’re going to have to adapt,” said Benjamin Zaitchik, a climate scientist at Johns Hopkins University who studies health-damaging climate events. Along with personal behavior, he added, facilities, emergency management and social calendars must “really acknowledge this new reality.”
Among the many low-tech ways to prevent sickness and death are shade, water stations, sidewalks painted white to reflect heat and emergency health services to treat severe cases of heatstroke. Some hot and innovative places, like Singapore, have constructed public spaces uniting the outdoors with the indoors. They have added air-conditioning to areas where people might have to spend time waiting, such as bus stops.
The hardest fix of all may be one that is also in some ways the simplest: educating ordinary people about the risks of heat, including those who are accustomed to living in hot places. Often, they are unaware of the early symptoms of heat stress or how high temperatures are especially dangerous for people with pre-existing health conditions, like kidney disease(肾病) or hypertension(高血压).
“Heat is a very, very complex and sneaky killer,” said Tarik Benmarhnia, an environmental epidemiologist and associate professor at University of California, San Diego. “It’s very silent.”
What does the author want to show in Paragraph 2
A．Large events are held more frequently than before.
B．Hot weather influenced people more than expected.
C．Occurence of people getting injured is more common.
D．People consider their job more important than their lives.
What is mainly talked about in the passage
A．Cultural diversity in global. B．Dangrousness of large festivals.
C．A hidden killer of the health. D．Disadvantages of high temperature.
What seem to be most Tarik Benmarhnia’s attitude toward heat
A．Indifferent. B．Complex. C．Uncaring. D．Serious.
According to Benjamin Zaitchik, which measure is he most likely to agree with
A．Drawing sidewalks in white.
B．Educating more people in adapting heat.
C．Promoting more jobs and medical resources.
D．Building more public facilities and stations.
第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文， 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to learn a new language as an adult
As humans age, unfortunately adults become a bit less adaptable than kids—and we don’t just mean physically! The good news is that learning a language isn’t really that hard! 36 .
It’s about connection.
Firstly, it’s important to remember that learning a language is not really about learning a language. 37 . Keeping that in mind can really help you achieve your goals. Try to connect with people you may know, or listen to music in your target language, or read about the country’s history.
Also remember that you have to be ready to share your own unique human experience with others in that language. 38 . If I’m learning, say, Italian, I would never remember how to say “dove è la biblioteca ” (“where is the library ”)but I will always remember how to say “Dov’è la pizza e il vino Subito!” (Where is the pizza and wine Quick.)
Make it entertaining.
Engaging with entertainment in the language learning makes your learning easier and enjoyable. 39 . Not only will these forms of entertainment lend added cultural and regional insights, but they’ll help you have fun while doing it. This will help you see your goal through until the end.
40 .
While you are learning, don’t be too hurried. Learn to love your progress and celebrate your successes. The road to fluency can be hard, but the view along the way is really amazing, so it’s OK if you are driving slow.
A．Patience is key
B．Treasure every bit of efforts
C．Therefore, make sure what you’re learning is related to you
D．But it does take commitment and motivation to achieve your goals
E．Trying to remember a single new word again and again is boring but rewarding
F．TV shows, films, and even video games are all great forms for learning a new language
G．What you’re actually learning is how to communicate in a new way with other human beings
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we’ve just watched or books we’ve just finished reading, but plain and simple 41 .
Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 42 do with it We gossip. About others’ behaviour and private lives, such as who’s doing what with whom, who’s in and who’s out and why; how to deal with difficult 43 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.
So why are we keen on gossiping Are we just natural wasters of both time and words Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life It’s not 44 according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 45 issues.
Dunbar 46 the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar— 47 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.
Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 48 of the higher primates (灵长类动物) like monkeys. By means of grooming — cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 49 from outside it.
As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 50 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 51 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 52 the pressure and calm everybody down.
But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 53 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 54 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal (有声的) grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 55 contact.
A．mission B．radiation C．comparison D．gossip
A．occasionally B．merely C．habitually D．originally
A．social B．political C．historical D．leisurely
A．the case B．the question C．the issue D．the key
A．financial B．sensitive C．royal D．vital
A．confirms B．outlines C．dismisses D．broadens
A．for instance B．on the contrary C．in addition D．as a result
A．motivation B．motive C．emotion D．behaviour
A．inspection B．harmony C．attack D．assistance
A．convinces B．comprises C．confesses D．concludes
A．prospect B．protection C．maintenance D．luxury
A．discipline B．bother C．maintain D．ease
A．cast B．consumed C．extended D．floated
A．common B．efficient C．scientific D．thoughtful
A．invisible B．daily C．constant D．physical
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A thousand miles can be used to describe something very long or very distant, either a dam or a journey. There are more than a dozen Chinese idioms 56 (use) the phrase “a thousand miles” in a figurative way. Here are two common ones that seem 57 (express) a similar idea.
The first one is “An ant’s hole may cause the collapse of a thousand-mile-long dam.” This saying comes from Han Feizi, one of the most important philosophical 58 (classic) in ancient China. It sounds quite similar to a 59 (know) quotation by American statesman and inventor Benjamin Franklin, 60 warned about frittering money away by saying, “Beware of little expenses—a small leak will sink a great ship.”
The other Chinese idiom involving “a thousand miles” is a famous quotation from Lao Tzu, a top ancient Chinese philosopher, author of Daodejing, or the Tao Te Ching, and 61 (found) of Taoism, who lived during the later years of the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). The philosopher once said, “A journey of a thousand miles begins 62 a single step.” It’s true that if one doesn’t take the first step, a journey 63 (remain) a dream forever. This may also apply to the journey of life, an ambition or an understanding.
Both Chinese idioms indicate that something may seem like a small amount, 64 it adds up over time. In English, there are several expressions that echo this same point: “Take care of the pennies and the pounds will take care of 65 (they),” and “Little and often fills the purse.”
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
假如你是某报编辑李华，昨天收到学生王林的来信。请根据来信的内容和所给的要点提示用英语写一封回信。
Dear editor,
I’m a senior high school student. My parents love me very much. I deeply appreciate their love for me. However, sometimes they show me so much love that I feel uneasy, which really makes me worried. What should l do then
Best wishes.
Yours,
Wang Lin
写作要点：1. 跟父母倾诉心里话；2. 感恩父母，理解父母心。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
Dear Wang Lin,
I have read your letter. It is nice of you to be grateful for your parents’ love.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下列材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Last year, my brother and I entered the Pioneer Clubs, a weekly kid’s programme at our school. Daniel was nine, and I was eleven. My dad and my mother were all teachers at the same school. At one point during the year, my brother began to complain that a boy named John was picking on him.
John is an eleven-year-old boy. He and I were both in my dad’s class. He was the type of kid who always seemed to be in trouble. What’s worse, he didn’t consider that it was his behaviour that was the problem, but instead decided my dad was picking on him. He often picked on my brother by knocking off his hat, calling his name, kicking him and running away. When my mum heard about the problem, she came home from town a few days later with a bag of candies.
“These are for John,” she told Daniel and me. “For whom ”
“For John. ”Mum went on to explain how an enemy could be conquered (战胜) by kindness.
It was hard for any of us to imagine being kind to John. But the next week we went to Pioneer Clubs with candies in our pockets — one for ourselves and one for John. As I was heading to my class, I overheard Daniel saying, “Here John, this is for you.” When we got home, I asked what John’s response had been.
Daniel shrugged (耸肩) “He just looked surprised, then he said thank you and ate it.”
The next week when John came running over, Daniel held on to his hat and got himself ready for an attack. But John didn’t touch him. He only asked, “Hey, Daniel, do you have any more candies ”
After that, John found him every week and asked for a candy, and most times Daniel remembered to bring them — one for himself, and one for John.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
At the same time, I “conquered my enemy” in another way. _______________________________
It has been a long time since John picked on my brother last time. __________________________
名校方案 重庆市2025届高三10月考试
英 语 答 案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A C B A B C A B A C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C A B A B C C A B
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C C B C B D B D A A
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 B B C D B D G C F A
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 D C A A D C B D C D
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 B D C B D
21．C 22．C 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国维尔京群岛国家公园的概况、怎么去这个公园、以及在这个公园可以做一些什么。
21．【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“The island’s white sand beaches and clear blue seas are considered to be among the most beautiful in the Caribbean,gaining reputation and popularity among visitors across the world.(岛上的白色沙滩和清澈的蓝色海洋被认为是加勒比海最美丽的海滩之一，在世界各地的游客中赢得了声誉和欢迎。)”可知，游客们最有可能被它的美丽景色吸引。故选C。
22．【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“He also purchased more than 2,000 hectares of the island and donated it to the government.That donation created the U.S.Virgin Islands National Park.(他还购买2000多公顷的土地并捐赠给了政府。这笔捐赠创建了美国维尔京群岛国家公园。)”可知，是他的这笔捐款促成了维尔京群岛国家公园的建立。故选C。
23．【试题解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Don’t hesitate! Come here and put yourself in the paradise!(不要犹豫！来，置身于天堂！)”以及小标题“How to get to the park”和“What to do at the park”可知，此文摘自于旅游手册。故选B。
24．C 25．B 26．D 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。报道了郑钦文正作为一名网球运动员在比赛中的表现和她的个人故事，特别强调了她在奥运会上为中国赢得首枚网球金牌的成就。
24．【试题解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This was China’s first-ever Olympic gold medal in this sport. (这是中国在这个项目上的首枚奥运金牌)”可知，她获得了第一个中国奥运网球冠军。故选C项。
25．【试题解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第六段“In Paris, Zheng performed exceptionally well on her road to gold, including topplingworld number one Iga Swiatek. (在巴黎，郑钦文在她的夺金之路上表现异常出色，包括toppling世界排名第一的Iga Swiatek)”可知，郑钦文获得了奥运会金牌，所以她在赢得金牌的道路上应该是击败头号种子伊加·斯维亚特克，所以划线单词的意思应与“击败”意义相近。故选B项。
26．【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“When talking about the Olympics, Zheng said, “I treated the Games differently — the emotion, the fight, the mentality. If you asked me to stay three more hours to fight, I could do it.”(在谈到奥运会时，郑说：“我对比赛有不同的对待——情感、拼搏、心态。如果你让我再多坚持三个小时去拼搏，我也能做到。”)”及第六段““I know why I lost to her before. I played rushed, made too many unforced errors, and wanted to hit faster than her. I wanted to prove my power. But in these Games, I didn’t think like this.” (“我知道为什么以前会输给她。我打得急躁，出现了太多非受迫性失误，想比她更快地击球。我想证明自己的实力。但在本届比赛中，我没有这样想。”)”可知，郑钦文是一位意志坚定且善于反思的运动员。故选D项。
27．【试题解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As we wrapped up our chat, she said, softly: “I was reading comments last night and some of them were talking about inspiration, and this makes me feel proud. If you watch my tennis and it brings you some extra strength in your life, that will make me happy.” (当我们结束聊天时，她轻声说道：“我昨晚看了些评论，有些人谈到了激励，这让我感到自豪。如果你看了我的网球比赛，这能给你生活中带来一些额外的力量，那我会很高兴。”)”可知，她希望她的成就能激励更多的人。故选B项。
28．D 29．A 30．A 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍语义饱和的现象，即当一个词被频繁提及时，它会影响我们对它的理解。
28．【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“If a word is said or looked at steadily for some little time, it will be found to take on a curiously strange and foreign aspect. This is a phenomenon called semantic satiation that affects our understanding of words when they are mentioned too often. (如果一个词被说出来或被注视一小段时间，就会发现它呈现出一种奇怪而陌生的面貌。这是一种被称为语义饱和的现象，当一个词被频繁提及时，它会影响我们对它的理解。)”可知语义饱和是一种由单词的重复引起的现象。故选D。
29．【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, “Black Friday (a shopping day)” is no longer as appealing as it once was. We’ve repeated “Black Friday” so much that it is now as indistinct as the packages of common Wal - Mart string cheese that you go past hurriedly on your way to argue over a half- price vegetable steamer at 3 a. m. Hence, marketers are reconsidering their sales strategies. (例如，“黑色星期五”不再像以前那样吸引人了。我们把“黑色星期五”重复得如此之多，以至于它现在就像你在凌晨三点匆匆走过的路上为了半价蔬菜蒸笼而争吵的普通沃尔玛奶酪包装一样模糊不清。因此，营销人员正在重新考虑他们的销售策略。)”可知“黑色星期五”不再像以前那样吸引人，意思人们对“黑色星期五”失去了狂热。故选A。
30．【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句“One experiment he conducted sought to explore whether semantic satiation could be used to lessen stuttering (口吃). (他进行的一项实验试图探索语义饱和是否可以用来减轻口吃。)”和最后两句“The goal was to induce (诱发) semantic satiation in the stuttering participant related to the emotion of the stress - inducing phone call. And he says it worked. (目的是诱导与压力诱导的电话情绪相关的口吃参与者的语义满足。他说这很有效。)”可推知，口吃参与者的实验结果是减轻了口吃，口吃得到改善，故选A。
31．【试题解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“One study showed that when presented with a tone, the sleeping cat immediately woke up. But as they played the tone again and again, the cat took time to wake up each time, until it kept on sleeping. But when the tone was varied slightly, the cat woke up immediately. Therefore, when teachers assign word memorization exercises to students, it is wise to avoid repetitive memorization or the words will become meaningless to students. (一项研究表明，当给睡着的猫一个音调时，它会立即醒来。但是，当他们一遍又一遍地播放这个音调时，猫每次都想要起来，但结果又继续睡了。但当声音稍有变化时，猫就立刻醒了。因此，当教师给学生布置单词记忆练习时，避免重复记忆是明智的，否则这些单词对学生来说就会变得毫无意义。)”可推知，对老师来说，猫实验意味着老师给学生练习记忆单词的时候，要避免重复，强调变化。故选B。
32．B 33．C 34．D 35．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今高温气候变得更加频繁，炎热的天气对人们的影响超出了预期。指出解决这一问题的方法和存在的挑战。
32．【试题解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“The consequences have been scared. At this year’s hajj (朝觐), the Islamic pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia, at least 1,300 people died as temperatures beyonded 37℃. And in many ways, that heavy incident was just the latest sign that crowd control and heat waves fueled by climate change are on a dangerous power. During India’s recent election, dozens of workers died on the job. Last summer, troops of Boy Scouts visiting South Korea became sick from heat, as did others at music festivals in Australia, Europe and North America. (后果令人担忧。在今年沙特阿拉伯的麦加朝圣中，至少有1300人因气温超过37℃而死亡。在许多方面，这一重大事件只是气候变化引发的人群控制和热浪处于危险状态的最新迹象。在印度最近的选举中，数十名工人在工作中死亡。去年夏天，访问韩国的男童军士兵因高温而生病，澳大利亚、欧洲和北美音乐节上的其他士兵也是如此)”可知，炎热的天气对人们的影响超出了预期。故选B。
33．【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Even as heat kills more people today than any other extreme weather event, there is still a dangerous cultural lag (滞后). Many major-event organizers are still failing to realize just how much a warming planet has risen the risk to summer crowds.(尽管如今酷暑造成的死亡人数超过了其他任何极端天气事件，但仍存在一种危险的文化滞后。许多大型活动的组织者仍然没有意识到地球变暖给夏季人群带来了多大的风险)”和倒数第二段“The hardest fix of all may be one that is also in some ways the simplest: educating ordinary people about the risks of heat, including those who are accustomed to living in hot places. Often, they are unaware of the early symptoms of heat stress or how high temperatures are especially dangerous for people with pre-existing health conditions, like kidney disease (肾病) or hypertension (高血压).(最困难的解决办法可能也是最简单的解决办法：教育普通人了解炎热的危害，包括那些习惯于在炎热地区生活的人。通常，他们不知道热应激的早期症状，也不知道高温对已经患有肾病或高血压等疾病的人来说是多么危险。)”结合文章主要说明了如今高温气候变得更加频繁，炎热的天气对人们的影响超出了预期。指出解决这一问题的方法和存在的挑战。可知，这篇文章主要讨论了健康的隐形杀手。故选C。
34．【试题解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Heat is a very, very complex and sneaky killer,” said Tarik Benmarhnia, an environmental epidemiologist and associate professor at University of California, San Diego. “It’s very silent.”(加州大学圣地亚哥分校环境流行病学家、副教授塔里克·本玛尼亚说：“高温是一个非常非常复杂、非常狡猾的杀手。非常安静。”)”可知，塔里克·本玛尼亚对高温的态度是严肃的。故选D。
35．【试题解析】细节理解题。根据第四段““As the warm seasons get longer, as the heat waves come earlier, we’re going to have to adapt,” said Benjamin Zaitchik, a climate scientist at Johns Hopkins University who studies health-damaging climate events. Along with personal behavior, he added, facilities, emergency management and social calendars must “really acknowledge this new reality.”(“随着温暖季节变得更长，热浪来得更早，我们将不得不适应，”约翰霍普金斯大学研究有损健康的气候事件的气候科学家本杰明·扎伊奇克说。他补充说，除了个人行为，设施、应急管理和社交日程也必须“真正认识到这一新的现实”。)”可知，根据本杰明·扎伊奇克的观点，他最可能同意在适应高温方面教育更多人。故选B。
36．D 37．G 38．C 39．F 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成年人如何学习一门新语言，给出了具体的建议和方法，目的是向读者解释和传授学习新语言的技巧。
36．【试题解析】根据空前内容“As humans age, unfortunately adults become a bit less adaptable than kids—and we don’t just mean physically! The good news is that learning a language isn’t really that hard!(随着年龄的增长，不幸的是，成年人在某些方面变得不如孩子那么适应——而我们不仅仅是指身体方面！好消息是，学习一门语言其实并不是那么难！)”可知，虽然成年人在某些方面变得不如孩子那么适应，但是学习一门语言其实并不是那么难。选项D“But it does take commitment and motivation to achieve your goals(但是要实现你的目标确实需要投入和动力。)”符合语境，其中“But”表示转折，指出虽然学习语言不难，但仍需付出努力。故选D。
37．【试题解析】根据空前内容“Firstly, it’s important to remember that learning a language is not really about learning a language.(首先，重要的是要记住，学习一门语言并不真的是关于学习一门语言。)”可推测，空处需要解释学习语言真正是关于什么。选项G“What you’re actually learning is how to communicate in a new way with other human beings(你真正学习的是如何以一种新的方式与其他人类交流。)”符合语境，解释了学习语言的真正目的。故选G。
38．【试题解析】根据空前内容“Also remember that you have to be ready to share your own unique human experience with others in that language.(还要记住，你必须准备好用那种语言与他人分享你自己独特的人类经历。)”可推测，空处需要承接上文，进一步解释如何做到这一点。选项C“Therefore, make sure what you’re learning is related to you(因此，确保你所学的内容与你有关)”符合语境，其中“Therefore”表示结果，强调学习内容的关联性，有助于更好地用语言分享自己的经历。故选C。
39．【试题解析】根据空前内容“Engaging with entertainment in the language learning makes your learning easier and enjoyable.(在语言学习中接触娱乐会使你的学习更容易、更愉快。)”可推测，空处需要举例说明如何做到这一点。选项F“TV shows, films, and even video games are all great forms for learning a new language(电视节目、电影，甚至视频游戏都是学习新语言的好方式)”符合语境，列举了学习新语言的好方式，这些方式都属于娱乐范畴，能够让人更愉快地学习。故选F。
40．【试题解析】空处为小标题，为本段内容的概括。根据下文“While you are learning, don’t be too hurried. Learn to love your progress and celebrate your successes. The road to fluency can be hard, but the view along the way is really amazing, so it’s OK if you are driving slow.(当你学习的时候，不要太匆忙。学会热爱你的进步，庆祝你的成功。通往流利的道路可能很艰难，但沿途的风景真的很棒，所以如果你开得很慢也没关系。)”可知，本段主要强调了学习语言时需要有耐心，不要急于求成。选项A“Patience is key(耐心是关键)” 概括了下文的内容，适合作为小标题。故选A。
41．D 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．D
46．C 47．B 48．D 49．C 50．D
51．B 52．D 53．C 54．B 55．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文，研究表明人们的话题大多不是重大的话题讨论和研究，而很多是闲聊，这些闲聊是不是浪费时间和语言呢？Robin Dunbar教授认为事实并非如此，他认为闲聊是非常重要的，是人类发展过程中非常重要的交流方式。
41．【试题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，人类三分之二的谈话不是讨论当天的文化或政治问题，也不是对我们刚刚看过的电影或刚刚读完的书进行激烈的辩论，而是简单的闲聊。A. mission任务；B. radiation辐射；C. comparison比较；D. gossip流言蜚语，闲聊。根据上文“two-thirds of human conversation”可知，此处指谈话内容是闲聊，下文也多次出现gossip一词，故选D。
42．【试题解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一个物种，语言是我们最大的财富，我们习惯用它做什么？A. occasionally偶尔；B. merely仅仅，只不过；C. habitually习惯性地，经常地；D. originally起初。根据“Language is our greatest treasure as a species”可知，语言是我们最大的财富，我们习惯用它做什么？故选C。
43．【试题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：关于别人的行为和私人生活，比如谁和谁在一起做什么，谁在里面，谁不在里面，为什么；如何处理与孩子、爱人和同事有关的困难社交场合。A. social社会的，社交的；B. political政治的；C. historical历史的；D. leisurely不慌不忙的，慢悠悠的。根据“situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues”可知，此处指社交场合，故选A。
44．【试题解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：根据Robin Dunbar教授的说法，情况并非如此。A. the case情况；B. the question问题；C. the issue问题；D. the key关键。上文“Are we just natural wasters of both time and words Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life (我们只是天生的时间和语言的浪费者吗？或者我们谈论很多没有什么特别的事情只是为了避免面对生活中真正重要的问题？)”提出问题，结合下文谈到闲聊的重要性可知，事实并非如此，It’s not the case“事实/情况并非如此”，固定句型，故选A。
45．【试题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这位心理学家在他的新书Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language中说，闲聊是这些真正重要的问题之一。A. financial金融的，财务的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. royal皇家的；D. vital至关重要的。根据上文“the really important issues of life”可知，Robin Dunbar认为闲聊并不是浪费时间和语言，而是这些真正重要的问题之一，故选D。
46．【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Dunbar驳斥了传统观点，即语言是由男性在社会发展的早期阶段发展起来的，是为了更有效地组织他们的男性狩猎活动，甚至是为了促进关于他们的起源和超自然现象的诗歌故事的交流。A. confirms证实；B. outlines概述；C. dismisses驳斥；D. broadens变宽。根据下文“Instead he suggests that language evolved among women.”可知，Dunbar驳斥了语言是由男性在社会发展的早期阶段发展起来的传统观点，故选C。
47．【试题解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：Dunbar认为，我们花三分之二的时间闲聊并不仅仅是因为我们会说话，相反，他接着说，语言的进化就是为了让我们闲聊。A. for instance例如；B. on the contrary相反；C. in addition此外；D. as a result因此。结合“We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar”可知，我们花三分之二的时间闲聊并不仅仅是因为我们会说话，相反，语言的进化就是为了让我们闲聊，故选B。
48．【试题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Dunbar通过研究猴子等高等灵长类动物的行为得出了他的快乐理论。A. motivation动机，动力；B. motive动机，目的；C. emotion情感；D. behaviour行为。根据下文“grooming — cleaning the fur by brushing it”可知，Dunbar研究动物的行为，故选D。
49．【试题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过梳理毛发——通过刷毛来清洁毛发，猴子与其他个体组成群体，在群体内部发生冲突或受到外部攻击时，它们可以依靠这些个体来获得支持。A. inspection检查；B. harmony和谐；C. attack攻击；D. assistance帮助。根据“they can rely for support”以及“conflict within the group”可知，此处指在群体内部发生冲突或受到外部攻击时，它们可以依靠这些个体来获得支持，故选C。
50．【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于我们人类是从灵长类家族的一个特定分支进化而来，Dunbar得出结论，在我们的历史上，我们曾经做过同样的事情。A. convinces使确信；B. comprises包括；C. confesses供认，坦白；D. concludes得出结论。上文“As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family”提到原因，故空后是得出的结论，故选D。
51．【试题解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：成群聚集在一起是有意义的，因为团体越大，它提供的保护就越大；另一方面，群体越大，与他人生活在一起的压力就越大。A. prospect前景；B. protection保护；C. maintenance维持，保养；D. luxury奢侈。上文“monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support”提到猴子与其他个体组成群体来相互支持，故群体可以提供保护，故选B。
52．【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：梳毛有助于缓解压力，让大家平静下来。A. discipline管教；B. bother打扰；C. maintain保持，维持；D. ease缓解，宽慰。根据“calm everybody down”可知，梳毛可以减轻压力，故选D。
53．【试题解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但随着群体变得越来越大，花在梳毛活动上的时间也必须延长，以保持其有效性。A. cast投射，扔；B. consumed消费，消耗；C. extended延长，延伸；D. floated漂浮。根据“But as the groups got bigger and bigger”以及下文“and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal (有声的) grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals(因此语言进化为一种有声的梳毛，使人类能够通过更广泛的个人网络交换信息，而不是一对一的身体接触，与更大的群体发展关系)”可知，群体越大，花在梳毛活动上的时间也必须延长，以保持其有效性，故选C。
54．【试题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，需要一种更有效的梳毛方式，因此语言进化为一种有声的梳毛，使人类能够通过更广泛的个人网络交换信息，而不是一对一的身体接触，与更大的群体发展关系。A. common普通的；B. efficient有效的；C. scientific科学的；D. thoughtful周到的。根据上文“to maintain its effectiveness”可知，需要一种更有效的梳毛方式，故选B。
55．【试题解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. invisible看不见的；B. daily日常的；C. constant不断的；D. physical身体的。根据上文提到的梳毛活动可知，语言使人类能够通过更广泛的个人网络交换信息，而不是一对一的身体接触，故选D。
56．using 57．to express 58．classics 59．known 60．who
61．founder 62．with/at 63．will remain 64．but 65．themselves
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了两个与“千里”有关的成语。
56．【试题解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国有十几个成语比喻地使用了“千里”这个短语。句中已有谓语动词are，所以空处用非谓语动词形式。idioms与use构成了逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。
57．【试题解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这里有两个常见的表达了类似的概念。seem to do sth.是固定用法，表示“似乎做某事”。故填to express。
58．【试题解析】考查名词单复数。句意：这句话出自中国古代最重要的哲学经典之一《韩非子》。classic意为“名著”, 是可数名词。one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词。故填classics。
59．【试题解析】考查形容词。句意：这听起来很像美国政治家和发明家本杰明·富兰克林的一句名言，他警告人们不要浪费金钱，他说：“谨防小开销——小漏洞会沉大船。”修饰名词应用形容词，此处known是形容词，意为“知名的”，修饰名词quotation。 故填known。
60．【试题解析】考查定语从句。句意：这听起来很像美国政治家和发明家本杰明·富兰克林的一句名言，他警告人们不要浪费金钱，他说：“谨防小开销——小漏洞会沉大船。”空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Benjamin Franklin，指人，在定语从句中充当主语。因此，此处要用关系代词who 来引导这个非限定性定语从句。故填who。
61．【试题解析】考查名词。句意：另一个与“千里”有关的成语是老子的名言。老子是中国古代著名哲学家，著有《道德经》，是道教的创始人，他生活在春秋末期(公元前770-476年)。根据句意可知，此处应该填found的名词形式 founder, 意为“创办者”，指老子，应用名词单数形式。 故填founder。
62．【试题解析】考查介词。句意：哲人曾说：“千里之行，始于足下。” begin with/at... 表示“以……开始”，是固定短语。故填with/at。
63．【试题解析】考查时态。句意：的确，如果一个人不迈出第一步，旅程将永远是一个梦想。在if引导的条件状语从句中，当从句部分的时态是一般现在时时，主句部分常用一般将来时。所以此处要填will remain。故填will remain。
64．【试题解析】考查连词。句意：这两个中文成语都表明，有些东西可能看起来数量很少，但随着时间的推移会积累起来。前后句构成转折关系，所以此处用转折连词but。故填but。
65．【试题解析】考查代词。句意：在英语中，有几个表达表达了同样的观点：“积少成多”和“小钱积成万”。代指复数名词pounds，且表示“照顾好自己”，所以用反身代词。故填themselves。
Dear Wang Lin,
I have read your letter. It is nice of you to be grateful for your parents’ love. When you feel uneasy due to their overabundant love, talk to them openly. Firstly, engage in an honest heart-to-heart talk with them. This way, you open the channels of communication. What’s more, always keep in mind that parents’ love is like a warm shelter in the storm. Express your gratitude frequently and try to understand their intentions. After all, parents’ love is unconditional. Remember, a good conversation can work wonders.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
At the same time, I “conquered my enemy” in another way. One time I met John in the hall. Before he started to open his mouth, I said, “Hi, John!” and gave him a big smile before he had a chance to speak. Surprised, he shut his mouth, and I walked on. From then on, whenever I saw him, I would greet him with a smile and say, “Hi, John!” before he had a chance to say anything rude. Instead, he started to simply return the greeting.
It has been a long time since John picked on my brother last time. And he’s not rude to me anymore, either. Even my dad is impressed with the change in him. “He’s a nicer John now than he was a year ago. I guess because someone finally gave him a chance,” says my dad. He wasn’t the only one to change. My whole family learned what it meant to love an enemy. What’s strange is that in the process, we lost that enemy — he was “conquered” by love.{#{QQABYQwEogiAAIAAAQgCQw1ICgCQkAAACQgGQAAMoAAAyAFABCA=}#}
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