资源简介

Unit 1 How can we become good learners
Section A
By doing sth. “通过做某事”
by在此处为介词，表达方式、手段，后面通常加名词、代词或动名词，就其提问用how
Eg: -- How do you learn English 你怎么学英语？
-- By watching English movies. 通过看英文电影。
Listen to tapes 听磁带
Ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助
Ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物
Ask sb. (not) to do sth. “要求某人（不）做某事”
Study for a test 备考
Group (名词) “组；集团；群” (动词) “把...分组； 成群”
A group of ... “一群...；一组...”
Have conversations with sb. = Have/ hold a conversation with sb. 和某人交谈
Make conversation 闲谈
In English 用英语说
What about = How about doing sth. 做某事怎么样
Aloud (副词) “大声地” 常与call, cry等连用
“出声地”常和read连用
Practice doing sth. 练习做某事
Some time, sometime, sometimes, some times区别
分开“一段时间(some time)”;相聚“某个时刻(sometime)”
“有时(sometimes)”相聚加s ; 分开“几次(some times)”加s
It’s + 形容词 + to do sth. 做某事是...
Eg: It’s important to learn English. 学英语很重要。
Spoken English 口语； English - speaking 说英语的
A little nervous 有点紧张
Finish doing sth. 结束做某事
Read a book 读书
Give a report 作报告
Look（看起来）；sound（听起来）；smell（闻起来）；taste（尝起来）；feel（感觉起来）后面常常加形容词
Eg: This bed feels comfortable. 这个床感觉很舒服。
Slow (形容词) “慢的” -- （反义词）fast/quick “快的”
The main idea 主旨大意
At first 首先
Word by word 逐字阅读
Sentence (名词) “句子” (动词) “判刑”
Sentence to death 判死刑
Be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心的
Be patient of sth. 忍耐做某事
The + 比较级 + 主语 + 谓语；The + 比较级 + 主语 + 谓语
“越...，就越...”
Eg: The more books you read, the more you know.
Find it + 形容词 + to do sth. “发现做某事...”
Eg: I find it difficult to learn math. “我发现学数学很难。”
The secret to/of ... “...的秘密”
Keep a secret 保持秘密
Learn to do sth. “学习做某事”
Last year 去年
Be like ... 像...
So + 形容词 that 从句 “如此...以至于...”
Such + 名词 + that从句 “如此...以至于”
So that + 句子 “为了...”
Eg: He is so young that he can’t go to school.
= He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.
他如此年轻以至于不能去上学。
I get up early so that I can catch the first bus. 我起得很早为了能赶上第一班车。
Be afraid to do sth. = be afraid of doing sth. “害怕做某事”
Because of + 短语； Because + 句子
Eg: I was late for school because it rained heavily.
我上学迟到了因为雨下得很大。
I was late for school because of the bad weather.
我上学迟到了因为坏天气。
Pronunciation (名词) “发音” -- pronounce (动词) “发音”
A movie called ... 一部叫...的影片
Fall in love with sb./sth. 爱上某人/某物
Body language 肢体语言
Expression “表情”为可数名词
The key words 关键词
As well 也
Something interesting 有趣的地方
形容词在修饰不定代词时要位于不定代词之后
It’s a piece of cake. 小菜一碟
It serves your right. 自作自受
Look sth. up in a dictionary 在字典里查它
Grammar
by的用法
By + doing sth. “通过做某事”就其提问用how
Eg: by watching video 通过看视频
By + 交通工具 “乘坐...”
Eg: by bus 坐公共汽车
By + 地点 “在...旁边”
Eg: by the river 在河边
By + 日期 “不迟于...”
Eg: by July 不迟于七月
By, with, in的区别：
by侧重用某种手段，交通工具，传递方式
With侧重用油性工具，材料，内容
In侧重用语言，语调，颜色
Eg: I learn English by studying with a group.
I write with pens.
I sing this song in English.
知识点
Do grammar exercise 做语法练习
How often, how soon, how long区别：
How often常常就“once a week”之类频率副词短语提问
How soon 常常就“in + 时间段”之类提问，常用将来时
How long 常常就“for + 时间段”之类提问，常用完成时
Take notes 做笔记
Keep a diary 记日记
Section B
Increase (动词) “增加”
Increase by ... “增长了...” 后面常加百分数或倍数
Increase to ... “增长到...”后面加数字
Speed (名词) “速度”
常用搭配：at a/the speed of... “以...的速度”
At high/slow/ full speed 高速/低速/全速
Make mistakes in ... 在某反面犯错误
Enough 在修饰名词时位于名词前，修饰形容词位于形容词后
Eg: enough time 足够的时间； nice enough 足够好
Join “加入” 通常指加入某一组织后党派成为其中一员
Take part in “参加”通常指加入某一活动，并其积极作用
Be born with ... 天生具有...
Be born in + 地点/时间 出生于某地/某时
Eg: He is born in Beijing in 2000. 他2000年出生于北京。
The ability to do sth. 做某事的能力
Whether or not 是否
Depend on ... 依靠...；依赖...
Create (动词) “创造” -- creative (形容词) “创造性的”-- creation (名词) “创造”
An interest in ... 在...方面的兴趣
Take an interest in ... = be interested in ... 对...感兴趣
Take an active part in ... 积极参加...
Pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事
For a long time 持续很长时间
Connect (动词) 连接 -- connection (动词) “连接”
Be good at 擅长
Even if 即使
Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧
Keep doing sth. 持续做某事
Keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
Invent (动词） “发明” -- invention (名词) “发明” -- inventor (名词) “发明家”
Successful (形容词) “成功的”
派生词：success (名词) “成功” -- succeed (动词) “成功” -- successfully (副词) “成功地”
常见结构：be successful in doing sth. = succeed in doing sth. “成功做某事”
Eg: He was successful in finishing the work. = He succeeded in finishing the work.
Many times 许多次
Develop (动词) “发展” -- development (名词) “发展”
-- developing (形容词) “发展中的” -- developed (形容词) “发达的”
Eg: With the development of IT 随着电子科技的发展
Developing country 发展中国家
Developed country 发达国家
The best way to do sth. 做某事最好的方法
Write down 写下；记下
Mind maps 思维导图
Mind (one’s) doing sth. 介意做某事
Eg: Would you mind my opening the window 你介意我开窗户吗？
Look for 寻找
Explain ... to sb. 对某人解释...
Information (不可数名词) “信息” a piece of information 一条消息
Each other 互相
Find out 找到
Knowledge “知识”为不可数名词
It is a good idea to do sth. 做某事是个好主意
Stress out 压力过大
On one’s own 某人自己
Bit by bit 一点点
Instead of 而不是
Instead of与instead区别：
Instead of 后面可以名词、动名词、形容词、副词等，译为“代替...；而不是...”
Instead后面常接句子，译为“代替；反而”
At once 立刻
There is nothing to do. 无事可做
What’s the matter with ... = What’s wrong with ... “...怎么了”
Over and over again 一次次地
Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
Section A
The Water Festival 泼水节
The Dragon Boat 端午节
The Chinese Spring Festival 春节
The Lantern Festival 元宵节
How + 形容词 (+ 主语 + 谓语！)= What (+ a/an) + 名词 (+ 主语 + 谓语！)
Eg: How clever she is! = What a clever girl she is!
注意：我们可以通过找句子的主语谓语来判断用how还是what开头：将句子的主语谓语去掉，看看还有没有名词，有名词用what开头，没名词用how开头。
A little + 形容词 “有点”
Crowded (形容词) “拥挤的” -- crowd (动词) “挤满”
Be crowded with “挤满了”
Eg: The room is crowded with people. 房间挤满了人。
Wonder (名词) “奇迹；令人惊奇的事” (动词) “惊讶；想知道”
派生词：wonderful (形容词) “精彩的” -- wonderfully (副词) “精彩地”
常用短语： No wonder “难怪；不足为奇”
Wonder at sth. “对某事惊奇”
Wonder to do sth. = I wonder 从句 “想要做某事”
Eg: I wonder where they are going. “我想知道他们去哪了。”
Believe (动词) “相信”
固定搭配：believe sb. “相信某人”
believe sb./ sth. (to be) + 形容词/名词 “相信/认为某人/某物是...”
believe that 从句 “相信/认为...”
believe in ... “信奉（宗教、神等）；信任（人格、力量等）”
It’s believed that 从句 “人们都相信...”
Eg: I believe him all the time. 我一直都相信他。
Do you believe his reports 你相信他的报告吗？
I believe that he can pass the exam. 我相信他能通过考试。
We believe in his ability. 我们相信他的才干。
It is believed that God will see everything. 相信老天会看到一切。
Strange (形容词) “陌生的” -- stranger (名词) “陌生人”
Relative (名词) “亲戚” (形容词) “相对的/相关的”
Close relatives “近亲”
Be relative to sth. “与某物有关”
Five meals a day “一天五顿饭”
Put on weight 增重
Put up 张贴；搭建
Put out 扑灭
Put down 放下
Put away 收拾好
Put off 推迟
Guess what 你猜怎么着？
Sound like + 形容词 “听起来像...”
From ... to ... “从...到...”
Eg: From Beijing to Shanghai 从北京去上海
From May to June 从五月到六月
Be similar to ... “与...相似”
Be similar in ... “在...方面相似”
I think so. 我这样认为。
I don’t think so. 我不这样认为。
The time of ... “...的时间”
a time for doing sth. 做某事的时候
Throw away “扔掉”
Throw sth. at sth./ sb. 把某物抛向某人/某物
Throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人
Each other 互相
Wash away bad things 洗去晦气
Good luck. “好运”
Luck (名词) “幸运”
派生词：lucky (形容词） “幸运的”； luckily (副词) “幸运地”；
unlucky (形容词) “不幸的”； unluckily (副词) “不行地”
Celebrate (动词) “庆祝” -- celebration (名词) “庆祝”
Full moon 满月
Have/ has been doing该结构为现在完成进行时，表示动作从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在
还有可能继续持续下去
Mid - Autumn Festival 中秋节
In the shape of ... “以...的形状”
Out of shape “变形/走样的”
Take shape “成形”
Carry ... to ... “带...去...”
Best wishes to sb. 把最好的祝福给某人
Wish sb. To do sth. “希望某人做某事”
Wish/ hope to do sth. “希望做某事”
Wish常指难以实现；而hope常指可以实现的愿望
Folk story 民间故事
Touching (形容词) “感人的” -- touched (形容词) “感动的” -- touch (动词) “触碰”
Shoot down... “射掉...”
Whoever = no matter who “无论谁” 用来引导让步状语从句
Take medicine 吃药
Live forever 长生不老
Plan to do sth. 计划做某事
Refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
Light (可数名词) “灯” (不可数名词) “光；光线” (形容词) “轻的” (动词) “点”
Eg: The light is bright. 灯很亮。
The light travels faster than the sound. 光的传播速度比声音快。
The box is light. 这个箱子很轻。
Light the candles 点蜡烛
Fly up to ... “飞向...”
So + 形容词 + that从句 “如此...以至于...”
Such + 名词 + that从句 “如此...以至于...”
Eg: The boy is so cute that everyone likes him.
= He is such a cute boy that everyone likes him. 他如此可爱以至于每个人都喜欢他。
Call out 呼喊
Call in 拜访
Call up 打电话
Lay out 摆设/布置
Lay ( laid -- laid -- laying) “下蛋、放置”
Lie (lied -- lied -- lying) “撒谎”
Lie (lay -- lain -- lying) “躺；位于”
The tradition of doing “做某事的传统”
Tradition (名词) “传统” -- traditional (形容词) “传统的”
Share sth. with sb. “和某人分享某物”
As a result 结果； as a result of ... 由于...的结果
Grammar
宾语从句
that引导的宾语从句
一、放在动词后面的句子，称为“宾语从句”
二、可分为三类：一类是that引导的宾语从句；一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句；一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。
三、that引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词是that，当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。
引导that用于下列情况时不可省略：
（1）当宾语从句的主语是that时，
Eg: He says that that is a useful book.
（2）当从句前有插入语时
Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
（3）当宾语从句中含主从复合句时
Eg: I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.
（4）当两个或多个宾语从句由 并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的that都不可省略
Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
2.宾语从句的时态：
（1）主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定
Eg: (1) I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
(2) He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
（2）如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
（3）宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时
Eg: He told me that the earth is round.
注意：宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等时，要否定前移。
Eg: I don’t think he is a good student.
whether/ if及疑问词引导的宾语从句
宾语从句引导词是whether/ if或特殊疑问句时，其要放在宾语从句句首，且宾语从句要用陈述语序。
一、whether/ if 引导的宾语从句：whether/ if“是否”（宾语从句时一般疑问句时，用whether/ if引导，但不可省略，在从句中不作句子成分,译为“是否”）
Eg: I want to know whether/ if my sister is waiting for me at the school gate.
whether与if可互换，但只能用whether,不用if的情况如下：
1.引导介词的宾语从句：
Eg: I’m not angry about whether he will pass the exam.
2.直接与or not连用时
Eg: I’m not sure whether his answer is right or not.
二、特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句：what, which, who, where, when, how引导。疑问词在句中有意义，在从句中充当句子成分，不可省略。
Eg: Do you know when the train will arrive
No one knows why Amy is not happy today.
三、that引导的宾语从句，可以省略。
Eg: I hope (that) it will rain tomorrow.
宾语从句的时态问题
一、宾语从句的时态与主句的时态一致：当主句用一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据自身的时间状语选择时态。当主句是一般过去时，从句的动作发生在主句的谓语动词之前，从句用过去完成时。当主句是一般过去时，从句的动作还没有或将要发生，从句用过去将来时。
Eg: I don’t know whose book this is.
He said that he had just bought a book.
He said he would go there again.
二、时态不一致：主句是一般过去时，下列几种情况从句时态不变
1.宾语从句表示的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或其他不受时间限制、影响、客观存在的事物时，依然用一般现在时
Eg: He said the earth goes around the sun.
2.宾语从句解释、表达科技内容时，或表达一种反复出现或目前习惯性的动作时，仍用一般现在时
Eg: He said he takes a walk after dinner every evening.
3.宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作在转述时仍在继续，表示此刻仍存在的状态，从句的时态仍用现在范围内的时态。
Eg: She told me the other day that she is only eight.
4.从句中有具体的时间状语，动作是发生在主句动作之前，仍用一般过去时，不改为过去完成时
Eg: He said that he was born in 1998.
知识点
Special (形容词) “特别的” (名词) “特色菜/特价品”
Specially (副词) “特意地”
One ... ; the other ... “一个...； 另一个...”
Eg: I have two brothers. One is a teacher, the other is a doctor.
我有两个哥哥，一个是老师，另一个是医生。
Take them out for lunch or dinner 带他们出去吃午饭或晚饭
Tie (名词) “领带” (动词) “捆；束”
More and more popular 越来越受欢迎
Over there 在那边
Show one’s love 表达某人的爱
Actually = in fact 事实上
Section B
Dress up in + 服装/颜色 “穿着...”
Dress up as ... “打扮成...”
Trick or treat 是请吃糖还是想遭殃
What do you think of ... = How do you like/ feel about ... 你觉得...怎么样？
Take/ show sb. around ... 带某人参观...
Ask for ... 请求...
Play a trick on sb. 戏弄某人
Give sb. a treat 招待某人
Treat (名词) “款待” my treat 我请客
(动词) “招待” treat sb. to sth. 招待某人某物
Treat sb. with sth. 用某物招待某人
“把...看作” treat sb./ sth. as ... 把... 看作...
Learn about ... 了解
The true meaning of ... “...的真正意思”
The importance of ... “...的重要性”
Importance (名词) “重要性” -- important (形容词) “重要的”
The best example of ... “...最好的例子”
Novel written by sb. 由某人写的小说
An old man named ... 一个叫...的老人
Laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人； smile at sb. 对某人微笑
Mean (动词) “意思是；本意是” (形容词) “吝啬的；小气的” (名词) “中间”
Care about ... 在意...； care for ... 照顾...
The ghost of... ...的鬼魂
Dead (形容词) “已故的” -- die (动词) “死”
-- death (名词) “死亡” -- dying (形容词) “奄奄一息的”
Be on business 出差
It’s none of your business. 不管你的事。
Used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
Be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事
Be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
Eg: I used to work by car, but now I am used to working on foot.
我过去常常开车上班，但是现在我习惯走路上班。
The machine is used to wash clothes. 这个机器是用来洗衣服的。
Just like ... “就像...”
Punish (动词) “惩罚” -- punishment (名词) “惩罚”
Punish sb. for sth. 因...惩罚某人
Punish sb. with sth. 对某人处以...惩罚
Warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人（不）做某事
Change one’s ways 改变某人的方法/路
End up doing sth. 结束做某事
End up with ... 以...结尾
Expect sb. to do sth. 期待某人做某事
Take sb. back to ... 把某人带回...
Remind ... of ... 使...想起...
Eg: He reminds me of his brother. 他使我想起他的哥哥。
Remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
Remind sb. about sth. 提醒某人某事
Present (名词) “礼物” (动词) “现在的；当前的”
At present 目前
Wake sb.up 把某人叫醒
Decide (动词) “决定” -- decision (名词) “决定”、
Decide to do sth. 决定做某事
Make a decision 做决定
Change one’s life 改变某人的生活
Promise to do sth. 答应做某事
Make a promise 许诺
People in need 在困难中的人
Warm (形容词) “温暖的” -- warmth (名词) “温暖”
Introduce sb. to sb. 把某人介绍给某人
Introduce myself 自我介绍
Spread around 四处传播
Give up 放弃
Give in 投降、让步
Give away 分发
Give back 归还
Give out 分发；散发
Give off 放出；发出
Give ab. a hand 给予帮助
The beginning of... ...的开端
Give birth to ... 生育；使产生
A symbol of... ...的象征
Not only... but also ... 不仅...而且...
注意：作主语时，谓语动词常遵循临近原则
Eg: Not only Mary but also Lily is good at music.
不仅玛丽而且丽丽擅长音乐。
Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are
Section A
Match A with B 把A和B匹配起来
Possible (形容词) “可能的” -- possibly (副词) “可能地” -- possibility (名词) “可能性”
Excuse me. “对不起，打扰一下” 常用于礼貌地引起他人，特别是陌生人的注意。
Get some money 取钱
Get some information about ... “得到关于...的信息”
Information (不可数名词) “信息” 常指可以在网上或书本等处收集的信息
可用some, much, a lot of, little, a little 等修饰
Buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物
Buy (动词) “买” -- （反义词）sell (动词) “卖”
Stamp (可数名词) “邮票” (动词) “跺脚”
Eg: stamp your feet 跺脚
A pair of shoes 一双鞋
A pair of ... 一双/一副/一对
Get to = reach = arrive at/in + 地点 “到达某地”
注意：arrive at后加小地点，arrive in后加小地点
Eg: We got to school on time.
= We reached school on time.
= We arrived at school on time.
我们按时到达学校。
Go along ... = go down... = walk along/down ... “沿着...向前走”
Pass (动词) “经过；通过”“传递” -- past (介词) “经过”
常用搭配：pass by = go past 路过；经过
pass + 地点 = go past + 地点 “路过”
Pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. “把某物递给某人”
Eg: Please pass me the book. = Please pass the book to me. 请把那本书递给我。
On one’s right/ left = on the right/left of ... “在...右面/左边”
Eg: I sit on Lily’s right. = I sit on the right of Lily. 我坐在丽丽的右边。
Beside (介词) “在...旁边”
Eg: beside the bank 在银行旁边
Close (动词) “关门” -- （反义词）open (动词) “打开”
Closed (形容词) “关闭的” -- （反义词）open (动词) “开着的”
Eg: Close the door. 关门。
The door is closed. 门是关着的。
Number (动词) “给...编号” (名词) “号码”
Number the directions 给方向编号
Number 5 五号
In the order 按照
The third floor 三楼
Third “第三” -- three “三”
Turn left/ right to ... “左/右转向...”
Eg: Turn left to the Center Street. 左转进入中央大街
Between A and B 在A和B之间
Eg: Lily sits between Lucy and Mary. 丽丽坐在露西和玛丽之间。
Draw a line 画一条线
Time (不可数名词) “时间” -- time (可数名词) “次数；时代”
Be excited to do sth. 做某事很兴奋
Start with ... = begin with ... 以...开始
Pardon？ 该词常表示没哟听清或不理解对方所说内容，请求对方再重复一遍，语气比较委婉，读时用升调；也可用于表示歉意。
Rest (动词) “休息” -- rest (名词) “休息”-- 同义词 Break
Have a rest = have a break = rest “休息”
Normally (副词) “通常；正常情况下” -- normal (形容词) “正常的”
No problem. 没问题
Rush (动词) “仓促；急促”
常用搭配: rush out of... 急冲出去...
Go on the new ride 乘坐那个新的游乐设施
Ride (可数名词) “游乐设施” (动词) “骑行”
Fun Time 欢乐时光
Look scary 看起来可怕
Come on! 快点！/加油！
Promise (名词) “诺言” make a promise 许诺
Promise (动词) “答应” promise to do sth. 答应做某事
Hold one’s hand 抓住我的手
At first 首先
Shouting did help. 大喊是有用的。
我们常用助动词do/does/did放在动词原形前，加强语气，译为“真的；的确”
Get hungry 变饿
Quickly (副词) “快地” -- quick (形容词) “快的”
Suggest (动词) “提议；建议” --- suggestion (可数名词) “建议”
常用搭配：suggest sth. (to sb.) （给某人）建议某事
Suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
Suggest + that 从句 建议（从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用should+ 动词结构）
Eg: My mother suggests eating dinner in the yard. 我妈妈建议在庭院中吃晚饭。
He suggested that we should go to Beijing by train. 他建议我们坐火车去北京。
Serve delicious food 提供美味食物
On one’s way to ... 在某人去...的路上
Eg: on my way to school 在我上学的路上； On my way home 在我回家的路上
Walk up to ... 走向...
Be busy with sth. = be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）某事
Eg: They are busy with their homework. = They are busy doing their homework.
他们正在忙着写作业。
At that time 在那时
Get a table 找个位子
In a different way 用不同的方式
Grammar
常用问路句型
Could you please tell me where ... 请问你能告诉我...在哪里？
Could you please tell me how to get to ... 请问你能告诉我怎么去...吗？
Could you tell me the way to ... 你能告诉我去...的路吗？
Could you tell me how I can get to ... 你能告诉我怎么能到...吗？
Which is the way to ..., please 请问哪条是去...的路？
Where is..., please 请问...在哪里？
Is there a/an ... near here 这附近有...吗？
知识点
I’m not sure. 我不确定
Central (形容词) “中心的；中央的” -- center (名词) “中心；中央”
The corner of ... ...的拐角处
Something to eat 吃的东西 -- something to drink 喝的东西
动词不定式在此处作something后置定语
Mail a letter 邮寄信件
Go east/ west/ south/ north along ... 沿着...向东/西/南/北走
Section B
Inexpensive (形容词) “不昂贵的” -- expensive (形容词) “昂贵的”
Uncrowded (形容词) “不拥挤的” -- crowded (形容词) “拥挤的”
Convenient (形容词) “便利的；方便的” -- inconvenient (形容词) “不方便的”
Tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事
What kind of food 哪种食物
Base on 基于；根据
Topic sentence 主题句
Foreign (形容词) “外国的” -- foreigner (名词) “外国人”
It is + 形容词 + to do sth. “做某事是...”
Eg: It is important to learn English. 学英语很重要。
Ask for help 寻求帮助
Politely (副词) “礼貌地” -- polite (形容词) “礼貌的” --impolitely (副词地) “无礼地”
Both “两者都”
常用搭配： Both ... and... 或both of...
Less polite 不太礼貌
That’s because... 那是因为...
Not ... enough to do sth. 不够...去做某事
同义词：too... to...
Eg: The boy is not old enough to go to school.
= The boy is too young to go to school.
Ask for a question 问一个问题
Ask for help 寻求帮助
Change the way 改变方法/路
Depend on ... 取决于.../依靠...
Each other 互相
Such as ... 例如...
Lead to ... 引入...
Lead into ... 带入...
Trouble (动词) “麻烦” (名词) “麻烦”
常用搭配： have trouble in doing sth. 做某事有困难
Eg: Do you have trouble in learning English 你学英语有困难吗？
Seem (动词) “似乎；好像；看来”
常见搭配：seem (to be) + 名词/形容词 “似乎...”
Seem to do sth. “好像做某事”
It seems that 从句 “看起来好像...”
Communicate (动词) “交流；沟通” -- communication (名词) “交流”
常见搭配：communicate with sb. 和某人交流
Underground = subway 地铁
Direct (形容词) “直接的” -- indirect (形容词) “间接的”
-- direction (名词) “方向；指导” -- director (名词) “导演”
Be ready to do sth. “准备做某事/乐于做某事”
The way to ... 到...的路
Thank sb. for ... 因...感谢某人
Look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
Wake sb. up 把某人叫醒
On time 按时； in time 及时；at times 有时；at the same time 同时；
The first time 第一次； time and time again 屡次
Choice (名词) “选择” -- choose (动词) “选择”
Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.
Section A
Be afraid of (doing) sth. = be afraid to do sth. 害怕（做）某事
Appearance (名词) “外貌；出现” --- appear (动词) “出现”
Personality (名词) “人格；性格” -- person (名词) “人” -- personal (形容词) “私人的”
Straight hair 直发； curly hair 卷发
What’s he like “他是什么样的人？”
询问性格、品质时用结构What + be动词 + 人 + like
询问外貌用结构 What does + 人 + look like
Eg: -- What is Lily like “丽丽是个什么样的人？”
-- She is friendly. “她很友好。”
-- What does Lily look like “丽丽长什么样？”
-- She is tall and she has long hair. “她很高并且长着长头发。”
Friendly (形容词) “友好的” --- friend (名词) “朋友”
Be friendly/ kind to sb. 对某人友好
Eg: Our teacher is friendly to us. 我们的老师对我们很友好。
Humorous (形容词) “幽默的” -- humor (名词) “幽默”
Silent (形容词) “沉默的” -- silence (名词) “沉默”
常用搭配：keep silent 保持沉默； in silence 安静地
Be serious with sb. 对某人严肃
Be serious about sth. 对某事是认真的
Helpful (形容词) “有帮助的” -- Help (动词/名词) “帮助”
常用搭配： be helpful to sb. 对某人有帮助
Enough在修饰名词前位于名词后；修饰形容词时位于形容词后
Eg: We have enough time, so don’t worry. 我们有足够多的时间，所以不用担心。
She is careful enough and pass the exam. 她足够认真通过了考试。
Adj./adv. + enough to do sth. 足够...可以做某事
So ... that... 如此...以至于...
Too ... to ... 太...而不能...
Eg: He is so old that he can’t go to work.
= He isn’t young enough to go to work.
= He is too old to go to school.
Get good grades 取得好成绩
= get good scores
Be good in ... 在某方面表现优秀
Be more interested in ... 在...方面更感兴趣
From time to time = at times = sometimes 有时/时常
On time 准时； in time 及时；
All the time 总是； at the same time 同时；
For the first time 第一次； in no time 立刻； at a time 一次
Such + a/an + 形容词 + 名词 = so + 形容词 + a/an + 名词
Such a clever boy = so clever a boy 如此聪明的男孩
It’s been/ It is + 一段时间 + since 从句 “自从...以来已经有多长时间了。”
Eg: It’s been three years since we last saw him. 自从上次见到他已经三年了。
So much 如此
Turn red 变成红色
See sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事 （全过程）
See sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 （正在进行）
That’s because 句子 “那是因为...”
感叹句表达： How + 形容词/副词 （+ 主语+ 谓语）！
= What (+a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 （+ 主语 + 谓语）！
Eg: How beautiful the flower is! = What a beautiful flower it is!
Be popular with 受...欢迎
Interview (动词) “采访” -- interviewee (名词) “被采访者”--interviewer （名词）“采访者”
19 - year - old “19岁的” 为单个的复合形容词，只能作定语，谓语名词前
Eg: He is a 19- year- old boy. = The boy is 19 years old. 这个男孩19岁。
Take up doing sth. 学着做某事/开始做某事/占据
Deal with = do with “处理”
注意：deal with 常和how连用；do with 常和what连用
Eg: How do you deal with this vase = What do you do with this vase 你怎么处理这个花瓶？
Dare to do sth. 敢于做某事
In front of 在...前面 （外部）
In the front of 在...前面 （内部）
Eg: He sits in front of his mother. 他坐在妈妈前面。
The TV is in the front of the classroom. 电视在就是前面。
The whole school 整个学校
Not ... any more = no more 不再
Eg: He isn’t a student any more. = He is no more a student. 他不再是名学生。
Crowd (名词) “人群” -- crowded (形容词) “拥挤的”
常用搭配：a crowd of ... “一群...”； crowds of ... “成群的...”
Be able to ... = can ... 能...
Eg: He is able to play the piano. = He can play the piano. 他能弹钢琴。
All the time 一直
Tons of ... 很多...
Get tons of attention 得到许多关注
Too much + 不可数名词 “太多...”
Too many + 复数名词 “太多...”
Much too + 形容词 “太...”
Have to 不得不
Worry about = be worried about ... 担心...
Private = personal (形容词) “私人的”
Hang out... 闲逛
注意：hang其过去式或过去分词均为hung
Guard against sth. 防止某事
Be prepared to do sth. = be ready to do sth. 准备好/愿意做某事
Be prepared/ ready for sth. 为...做好准备
Give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
The road to success. 成功之路。
Think about ... 考虑...
Fight on 奋力坚持下去
Require (动词) “需要” -- requirement (名词) “需求/要求”
Require sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
Require doing sth. 需要做某事
Eg: My parents required me to get good grades. 我父母需要我取得好成绩。
The roof requires repairing. 屋顶需要修理。
A very small number of ... 极少数的...
A number of + 复数名词 “许多...” 作主语时，谓语动词需要用复数
The number of + 复数名词 “...的数量” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数
Eg: A number of students are from Shanghai. 许多学生来自上海。
The number of students is 2,000. 学生的数量是2000.
Make it. 成功。
Grammar
used to的用法
Used to do sth. 过去常常做某事
其中used为实义动词，变否定句和疑问句时请用助动词did
Eg: I didn’t use to be popular in school. 我过去在学校很受欢迎。
Did he use to wear glasses 他过去戴眼镜吗？
Be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
Be used to do sth. = be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事
Be used for ... 被用来（做）...
Be used as 被用作...
Be used by ... 被...使用
反意疑问句
反意疑问句由两部分组成，前一部分是对事物的陈述（为陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（为简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开，常常遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”的原则。两部分的人称和时态要一致。回答以事实为依据（肯定事实用yes, 否定事实用no）
Eg: He can sing ,can’t he (他会唱歌，对不对 )
He doesn’t like apples, does he (他不喜欢苹果，对不对 )
注意：当陈述部分有否定意义的，如never, hardly, seldom, few, little等，则后面用肯定结构。
Eg: They have never been to Shanghai, have they (他们从没去过上海，对不对？)
Yes, they have. (是的，他们没去过)/ No, they haven’t (不，他们去过)
知识点
European (形容词) “欧洲的” -- Europe (名词) “欧洲”
African (形容词) “非洲的” -- Africa (名词) “非洲”
British English 英式英语；American English 美式英语
Pop music 流行音乐
Scary movies 恐怖电影
Give a speech 做演讲
In public 公开地
Section B
Be nervous about ... 对...感到紧张/焦虑
Do well in ... = be good at ... 擅长...
It is hard to believe that 从句 “很难相信...”
Have difficulties in doing sth. 做某事有困难
Seldom “很少” 常常表否定
Cause some problems 制造一些问题
Move to + 地点 搬到...
Look for ... 寻找...
Take care of = look after 照顾
Take good care of ... = look after ... well 好好照顾
Take care = look out = be careful 小心/当心
Feel lonely 感到孤单
Lonely 为形容词，译为“孤单的；寂寞的”常指心灵上的感情，表示人的主观感受；
alone为形容词，译为“单独的；独自的”；为副词，译为“独自；单独”指行为或动作上的，表示客观事实
Eg: The old man lives alone, but he didn’t feel lonely. 那个老人独自居住，但是他不感到孤单。
Influence (动词) “影响”
常用搭配：influence sb. to do sth. 影响某人做某事
Have an influence on ... 对...有影响
Be absent from ... 缺席...
Fail one’s examinations 考试不及格
Fail (动词) “失败/不及格” -- failure (名词) “失败”
常用搭配：fail to do sth. 未能做某事
Fail in sth. 在某方面失败
Make a decision = decide to do sth. 做决定/决定做某事
Send sb. to + 地点 送某人去某地
Boarding school 寄宿学校
Make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友
Advise (动词) “建议” -- advice (不可数名词) “建议”
常用搭配：advise doing sth. 建议做某事
Advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不)做某事
Eg: Miss Wang advised us to read English every morning. 王老师建议我们每天读英语。
In person 亲自
Not exactly. 不完全是/未必然
Even though = even if 虽然/即使
Be always doing sth. 总是做某事
Take pride in = be proud of 以...为傲
Pride (名词) “骄傲” -- proud (形容词) “感到骄傲的”
Eg: My parents are proud of me. = My parents take pride in me. 我父母以为我傲。
The pride of ... ...的骄傲
Be proud to do sth. 为做某事感到自豪
Have communication with sb. 和某人交流
Become active in sth. 积极参加...
Be there for ... 随叫随到/不离...左右
In general 总体说来
Make the introductions 做介绍
Introduce (动词) “介绍” -- introduction (名词) “介绍”
Introduce myself 自我介绍
In the last few years 在过去的几年里
Tell sb. a joke 给某人讲笑话
Unit 5 What are the shirts made of
Section A
Chopsticks (复数名词) “筷子”，作主语时谓语动词常用复数
A pair of chopsticks “一双筷子”， 作主语时谓语动词常用单数
Eg: Chopsticks are often made of bamboo. 筷子常常由竹子制作。
There is a pair of chopsticks in the box. 盒子里有一双筷子。
Coin (可数名词) “硬币”
常用搭配：the other side of the coin “事情的另一面”
Two sides of the same coin “同一事物的两个方面”
Stamp (可数名词) “邮票” (动词) “跺脚”
常用搭配：collect stamps “集邮”
Eg: Sam stamped his foot in anger. 萨姆气得直跺脚。
Fork (可数名词) “叉子，餐叉”
A knife and fork “一副刀叉”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A knife and a fork “一把刀和一个叉子”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数
Eg: There is a knife and fork on the plate. 盘子里有一副刀叉。
There are a knife and a fork on the desk. 桌子上有一把刀和一个叉子。
Paper (不可数名词) “纸张” papers (复数名词) “论文”
常用搭配：a piece of paper “一张纸”
Silver (不可数名词) “银” (可数名词) “银器” (形容词) “银色的”
常用搭配：gold medal 金牌； silver medal 银牌； bronze medal 铜牌
Glass (可数名词) “玻璃杯” (不可数名词) “玻璃”
Glasses (复数名词) “眼镜”作主语时，谓语动词用复数
常用搭配：a pair of glasses “一副眼镜”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数
Eg: Please pass me two glasses. 请递给我两个玻璃杯。
The glass is dirty. 这块玻璃很脏。
The little boy wears a pair of glasses. 那个小男孩戴了一副眼镜。
Be made of “由...制作”， （常常指能看得出原材料）
Be made from “由...制作” （常常指看不出原材料）
Be made in + 地点 “产于...”
Be made by + 人 “由...制作”
Be made into ... “被制作成...”
Be made up of ... “由...组成”(强调由部分组成整体)
Eg: This desk is made of bamboo. 这张桌子是由竹子制成的。
The paper is made from bamboo. 纸是由竹子制成的。
This machine is made in China. 这台机器是由中国制造的。
The machine is made by John. 这台机器是约翰制作的。
The grapes can be made into wine. 葡萄可以被制成葡萄酒。
The team is made up of ten boys. 这个队由是个男孩组成。
Fair (可数名词) “展览会；交易会；集会”
(形容词) “公平的；公正的（反义词为unfair）”
“浅色的，白皙的（反义词为dark）”
“合理的；适当的”
Environmental protection 环境保护
Environment (名词) “环境” -- environmental (形容词) “环境的”
Grass (不可数名词) “草”； the grass “草地；草坪”
Leaves 作名词时是leaf（叶子）的复数形式
leaves作动词时是leave（离开）的第三人称单数
Eg: The leaves is falling from the tree. 叶子从树上落下来。
Tony often leaves from school at 4:00 pm. 托尼常常下午四点离开学校。
The answers to the questions 问题的答案
Be famous for... = be well - known for ... “因... 而出名”，后接出名的原因；
Be famous as “作为...而出名”，后接表示身份、地位等名词；
Be famous to “为...所熟知”，后常接表示人的名词
Eg: This place is famous for apples. 这个地方因苹果而出名。
Lu Xun is famous as writer. 鲁迅作为作家而出名。
This novel is famous to young people. 这部小说为年轻人而熟知。
In the past 在过去
Be produced in + 地点 “出产于某地”
For example “例如”
Widely (副词) “广泛地；普通地” -- wide (形容词) “宽的”
As far as I know 据我所知
类似短语：as far as I can see 依我看
Tea plants 茶树
On the sides of mountains 在山坡上
By hand 手工
Send to + 地点 送到某地
It seems that + 从句 “似乎”
Eg: It seems that it will rain tomorrow. 明天似乎要下雨。
All over the world = around the world 全世界
Be good for ... “对...有益” --- （反义词）be bad for ... “对...有害”
Eg: Milk is good for our health. 牛奶对我们的健康有益。
Both ... and ... 和；都；既...又...
作主语时，谓语动词用复数
Eg: Both Lily and Lucy are from Beijing. 露西和莉莉都来自北京。
Search for ... 搜寻...
Product (名词) “产品；产物” -- produce (动词) “生产”
Eg: This product is produced by these young man. 这个产品是由这些年轻人生产的。
Watch (名词) “手表” (动词) “观看”
Eg: The watch from Switzerland is very nice. 这块来自瑞士的表非常好。
Let’s watch TV. 让我们看电视吧！
No matter what “无论什么” No matter what = whatever
no matter 常与what, who, when, where, how 等疑问词连用，用来引导让步状语从句，从句常用一般现在时表将来。
Eg: No matter what you want to buy , you’d better think it first. 无论你想要买什么，最好先想一想。
Find it + 形容词 + that从句 = find it + 形容词 + to do sth. “发现做某事...”
其中it为形式上的宾语，而that从句及to do sth，才是真正意义上的宾语。
Eg: I find it difficult to learn English. 我发现学英语很难。
So many + 可数名词复数； “如此多的”
So much + 不可数名词 “如此多的”
The local shop 当地商店；
The local people 当地人
Buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 给某人买某物
Even though = Even if “尽管”
Eg: Even though he is a kid, he can look after himself. 尽管他是个小孩，他却能照顾自己。
The only things 唯一的东西
A pair of basketball shoes 一双篮球鞋
Explain (动词) “解释”
常用搭配：explain to sb. 向某人解释
Explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释某事
Explain + 疑问词/that从句 解释...
Eg: I’ll explain to you how to do it. 我会向你解释怎样做。
Can you explain this word to me 你能给我解释一下这个词吗？
She explained that she had missed the bus. 她解释说她错过了公交车。
Before (介词) “在...之前” 其反义词为after
注意：如果后面加动词，需要用doing形式
Eg: You must wash your hands before having a meal. 吃饭之前你必须洗手。
Hardly (副词) “几乎不”（有否定意义）
Avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
Eg: He avoided answering my questions. 他拒绝回答我的问题。
Products made in China 中国制造的产品
In fact = actually 事实上
Continue to do sth. “继续做某事” (是做完一件事继续做另一件事)
Continue doing sth. “继续做某事”(指继续刚才做过的事)
Eg: I have finished my homework. I shall continue to do more exercise.
我已经完成了我的家庭作业。我想继续多做些练习。
I haven’t finished my homework. I have to continue doing more exercises.
我还没有完成我的家庭作业。我必须继续多做些练习。
Everyday things 日常用品
In the future 在未来
Get better at doing sth. 变得更擅长...
Eg: China will also get better at making high - technology products.
中国也更擅长制作高科技产品。
In all parts of the world 世界各地
Experience (可数名词) “经历” (不可数名词) “经验”
Grammar
一般现在时被动语态
(一)语态有两种：主动语态与被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。即“被动语态”相当于汉语中的“被…”“由…”的句式.
Eg: 主动: Many people speak English.
→被动：English is spoken by many people.
(二)构成：主语 + am/ is/are + 及物动词过去分词
（1）肯定句：
Bikes are sold in that shop.
（2）否定句：
Bikes aren’t sold in that shop.
（3）一般疑问句：
Are bikes sold in that shop
肯定回答：Yes, they are.
否定回答：No, they aren’t.
（4）特殊疑问句：
where are bikes sold
(三)用法：
（1）把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语
（2）把主动语态的谓语变成被动结构
（3）把主动语态的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，若为主格应变成宾语
Eg: They make the bikes in the factory.
→ The bikes are made by them in the factory.
知识点
Allow (动词) “允许”
常见搭配：allow doing sth. 允许做某事
Allow sb. to do sh. 允许某人做某事
Be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
Eg: We don’t allow eating in class. 我们不允许课上吃东西。
His parents won’t allow him to stay out late. 他父母不会允许他在外面呆得很晚。
They shouldn’t be allowed to get away with it. 不应就此放过他们。
The earth’s surface 地球表面
Be covered by ... = be covered with ... “被...覆盖”
Eg: The earth’s surface is covered by water. 地球的表面被水覆盖。
Careless driving 粗心驾驶
Careless (形容词) “粗心的；马虎的” -- careful (形容词) “仔细的；认真的”
Traffic accidents 交通事故
Heavy traffic 交通拥挤
Traffic light 交通灯
Bring sth. to sb. 给某人带来某物 （指从别处往说话人处带）
Eg: Please bring that book to me. 请把那本书带来给我。
Glove (名词) “手套”，常以复数形式出现
A pair of gloves “一副手套”
Section B
Fly a kite 放风筝
Make a kite 制作风筝
A kite festival 风筝节
Find out 搞清楚；弄明白
Think about ... 思考；考虑
Go on a vacation to + 地点 “到某地度假”
Eg: We are going on a vacation to Beijing. 我们正在北京度假。
Different kinds of ... 各种各样的
Learn to do sth. 学习做某事
Eg: You’d better learn to look after yourself. 你最好学习照顾自己。
Hold (动词) “举办；拿着；容纳”
Eg: Mike held a flag in his hands. 马克手里拿着一面旗。
We will hold a sports meeting next week. 我们下周要举办一场运动会。
The room can hold 200 people. 这个房间能容纳200人。
Competitor (名词) “参赛者；竞争者”
-- compete (动词) “竞争” -- competition (名词) “比赛；竞争”
That sounds interesting. 那听起来很有趣。
Folk art 民间艺术
Traditional art 传统艺术
Paper cutting 剪纸
Beauty in common things 平凡事物中的美
Beauty (名词) “美丽；美人” -- beautiful (形容词) “美丽的”
Own (形容词) “自己的” (动词) “拥有”
常见搭配：of one’s own “属于某人自己的”
On one’s own “独自地；单独地”
Eg: China has its own traditional art. 中国有她自己的传统艺术。
We had better do homework on our own. 我们最好独自完成作业。
He owns a nice car. 他有一辆好看的汽车。
Try to do sth. 尽力做某事
Try doing sth. 试着做某事
Try one’s best to do sth. 尽全力做某事
The most common things 最常见的东西
From ... to ... to... 从...到...到...
Eg: from paper to clay to bamboo 从纸到黏土到竹子
Turn ... into ... 把...变成...
Eg: The magician turned the girl into a bird. 这个魔术师把那个女孩变成一只小鸟。
According to ... 根据...
Sky lanterns 孔明灯
Send out 派遣；分发；发出（光、信号、声音等）
Ask for help 寻求帮助
In trouble “处于困境之中”
Have trouble in doing sth. 在做某事上有困难
Eg: They are in trouble now.. 他们现在处于困境中。
Do you have trouble in learning English 你在学英语上遇到困难了吗？
Light (动词) “点燃” 其过去式、过去分词为lit
Light (可数名词) “灯” (不可数名词) “光线”
Rise (动词) “上升”（过去式为rose;过去分词为risen） rise into ... “上升到...中”
Rise与raise区别：
rise为不及物动词，不能用被动语态，表示物体自身移向较高位置，如太阳升起，海水上涨
raise为及物动词，表示人为移动到较高位置，如举手，升旗等
Eg: The sun rises from the East. 太阳从东方升起。
Please raise your hands if you want to answer this question. 如果想回答这个问题请举手。
A bright symbol of 一个鲜明的象征
Over 1,500 years = more than 1,500 years 1500多年
Cut相关短语：
Cut across 抄近路穿过
Cut away 切除；减去
Cut back 缩减
Cut down 砍倒
Cut in 打断（某人说话）
Cut off 中断
Cut out 删减
Cut up 切碎
Scissors (复数名词) “剪刀”
A pair of scissors 一把剪刀
Be put on + 地点 被贴在...上
Piece (名词) “张；片；条”； 在此文中用作“作品”之义
Chinese fairy tale 中国童话故事
By hand 手工
Fire (名词) “火” (动词) “烧制；解雇；开枪”
Eg: There was a big fire in this forest last week. 上周森林里发生了一场大火。
He was fired by the boss yesterday. 他昨天被解雇了。
At a very high heat 以高温
At midnight 在午夜
A research on ... 关于...的研究
Classic film 经典电影
Unit 6 When was it invented
Section A
Invent (动词) “发明” -- invention (名词) “发明” -- inventor (名词) “发明家”
Be invented by sb. 由某人发明。
Eg: Edison invented the electric light. 爱迪生发明了电灯。
The electric light was invented by Edison. 电灯是由爱迪生发明的。
Electric light is a great invention. 电灯是一项伟大的发明。
Edison is a great inventor. 爱迪生是一名伟大的发明家。
Shoes with lights 有灯的鞋
Shoes with special heels 有特殊鞋跟的鞋子
Run on electricity 用电运行
Electricity (名词) “电”-- electrical (形容词) “通电的”
Eg: electrical cooker 通电的炊具
The style of the shoes 鞋的样式
style相关短语：in style 流行的；时髦的
Out of style 过时的
Eg: These shoes were in style last year, but they are out of style this year.
这些鞋去年流行，但是今年过时了。
Be used for ... 被用来做...
Eg: This pen is used for writing. 这只钢笔是用来写字的。
Change (动词) 改变 （名词）“零钱”（常以复数形式出现）
常见搭配：change ... into ... 把...变成...
Eg: They are changing dessert into farmland.
他们正在把沙漠变成农田。
Can you give me some changes, Mum
妈妈你能给我一些零钱吗？
Think of “想到；想起”
Think about “思考；思索”
Eg: He thought of a good idea.
他想到一个好主意。
She’s been thinking about changing her career.
她一直在考虑换个行业。
With pleasure! “好的；没问题；十分乐意”常用来回答别人对你的“请求”
而my pleasure 译为“不用谢，没关系” 用来回答别人对你的感谢。
相当于It’s my pleasure./ You’re welcome.
Such a great invention 一项如此伟大的发明
Such和so用法：
Such + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词 = so + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词
Eg: so interesting a movie = such an interesting movie 如此有趣的电影
Such + 形容词 + 可数名词复数/不可数名词
Eg: Such poor area 如此穷的地区
So few/many + 复数名词； so little/ much + 不可数名词
Eg: so many students 如此多的学生；so much water 如此多的水
So + 形容词 + that从句； such + 名词 + that从句
Eg: She is so young that she can’t go to school.
= She is such a young girl that she can’t go to school. 她如此年轻不能去上学。
How often, how soon, how long 区别：
How often常常就“once a week”之类频率副词短语提问
How soon 常常就“in + 时间段”之类提问，常用将来时
How long 常常就“for + 时间段”之类提问，常用完成时
Eg: -- How often do you visit your parents 你多久去看望你父母一次？
-- Three times a week. 一周三次。
--How soon will you visit China 你多久后去参观中国？
-- In two days. 两天后。
-- How long have you been in Beijing 你在北京待多久了？
-- For two years. 两年了。
In our daily lives 在我们的日常生活
Seem to do sth. 似乎做某事
Eg: He seemed to finish his work. 他似乎完成了他的工作。
Have a point 有道理
Mention (动词) “提及；说起”，后面可以接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，也可以接that或疑问词引导的从句
常用搭配：mention sb./sth. to sb. 向某人提及某人/某事
Don’t mention it. 不客气。/不用谢。
Eg: He didn’t mention anything to me. 他没有向我提到任何事情。
She mentioned that she wanted to lose weight.
她提到她想要减肥。
At that time 在那时
Widely (副词) “广泛地” -- wide (形容词) “宽的” -- width (名词) “宽度”
Spread to ... “传播到...”
By accident 偶然；意外地
Eg: She found this place by accident. 她偶然发现了这个地方。
Accident (名词) “事故；意外”-- accidental (形容词) “偶然的”
Believe (动词) “相信”
常用搭配：believe sb. 相信某人
Believe in ... 信奉（宗教、神等）；信任（人格、力量等）
Believe sb./ sth (to be) + 形容词/名词 相信/认为某人/某物是...
Eg: I believe him very much. 我非常相信他。
We believe in his ability. 我们相信他的才干。
Some people believe poverty engenders crime. 有人认为贫困生罪恶。
It is said that ... 据说...
It is believed that ... 人们认为...
Eg: It is said that she lived to be over 100. 据说她活了100多岁。
It is believed that the tea is produced in China. 人们认为茶是中国产的。
A Chinese ruler called Shen Nong 一个叫神农的中国统治者
Rule (动词) “统治” -- ruler (名词) “统治者”
Discover, invent, find与look for的区别：
Discover “发现”，某种本来存在，而以前未被发现的事物或未为人所知的东西
Invent “发明”，创造出本来不存在的东西
Find“发现”，强找的结果
Look for “寻找”，强调找的过程
Eg: Franklin discovered the electricity. 富兰克林发现了电。
Edison invented the light. 爱迪生发明了电灯。
He found a nice place. 他发现了个好地方。
He is looking for his book. 他正在找他的书。
Boil (动词) “煮沸；烧开” -- boiling (形容词) “正在沸腾的”-- boiled (形容词) “沸腾过的”
Boiled water 开水
Over an open fire 在户外的火堆上
Fall/ drop into ... 掉入/ 落入...
Eg: I don’t want to fall into the same snare again.
我可不想再落入同样的圈套。
其它搭配：
Fall behind 落后；
Fall down 摔倒；
Fall off 从...掉下；
Fall asleep 入睡
Some time 一段时间
Sometimes/ sometime/ some times/ some time区别：
分开“一段时间(some time)”；相聚“某一时刻(sometime)”；
“有时(sometimes)”相聚加s；分开“几次(some times)”加s.
Eg: He sometimes read English in the evening.
他有时在晚上读书。
We will leave for Beijing sometime next month.
我们下个月某个时间动身去北京。
Lucy has been to Beijing some times.
露西已经去北京几次了。
The fire went on her some time.
大火燃烧了好长一段时间。
Smell (名词) “气味” (系动词) “闻起来”，后面接形容词作表语
常用搭配：produce a nice smell 产生一种令人愉快的气味
Eg: What a sweet smell! 多么甜的味道啊！
The dish smells nice. 这道菜闻起来不错。
One of + 可数名词复数 “...之一”
注意：该结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
One of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数 “最...之一”
Eg: One of my favourite subjects is English.
我最喜欢的学科之一是英语。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.
黄河是中国最长的河流之一。
A few thousand years later 几千年后
注意：hundred (百)、 thousand (千)、million (百万)、billion (十亿)词当前面有数字时，不可以加s;当后面有of时，需要加s
Eg: There are two thousand students there.
那有两千名学生。
There are thousands of people there.
那有数千人。
The saint of tea 茶圣
Make tea 沏茶
The finest tea leaves 最优质的的茶叶
Not... until ... 直到...才...
Eg: He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back. 直到他的妈妈回来，他才去睡觉。
In less than 100 years 在不到一百年的时间里
Take place “发生”，常指事先安排好的事情
Happen “发生”， 常指偶然发生的事情
Eg: National Day takes place on October 1st in China.
What happened over there
In the 19th century 在十九世纪
Popularity (名词) “普及” -- popular (形容词) “流行的”
Even though 即使
Without doubt 毫无疑问
Doubt (名词) “怀疑” (动词) “怀疑”
常见搭配：doubt + whether/If/ that从句
There is no doubt that ... “毫无疑问...”
Eg: There is no doubt that Jerry is suitable for the job.
= Without doubt, Jerry is suitable for the job.
毫无疑问杰瑞适合这份工作。
The nature of tea 茶的本质
Grammar
一、一般过去时被动语态
构成：
肯定句：主语 + was/ were + 及物动词过去分词 + 其它
Eg: The bank was robbed last night.
否定句：主语 + was/ were + not + 动词过去分词 + 其它
Eg: The work wasn’t done by them.
一般疑问句：Was/ Were + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其它
Eg: Was the cup broken by Tom
肯定回答： Yes, it was.
否定回答：No, it wasn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词 + was/ were + not + 动词过去分词 + 其它
Eg: When was the telephone invented
注意：变被动语态时，介词、副词要一并写上，不可省略
Eg: The old man was taken care of by his son.
二、知识点
1. at a low price 以低价
Price (不可数名词) “价格”
常用搭配：the price of ... “...的价格”
注意：指价格高时用high，价格低时用low
Eg: The price is too high, I can’t afford it. 价格太高了，我买不起。
Steal sth. from ... “从...偷某物”
Eg: He stole money from the old man. 他从老人那偷钱。
Take photos (of) ... “拍（...的）照片”
Advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人（不）做某事
Eg: Mike advised me not to swim in the river.
马克建议我不要在河里游泳。
Go out alone 单独出去
Translate ... into ... “把...翻译成...”
Eg: We had better translate this passage into Chinese.
我们最好把这篇文章翻译成中文。
All of a sudden = suddenly 突然
Luckily (副词) “幸运地”常常用来修饰动词、形容词或整个句子。
派生词：luck (名词) “运气”-- lucky (形容词) “幸运的”-- unlucky (形容词) “不幸的”
Eg: Luckily, we passed the exam. 幸运的是，我们通过了考试。
Ring the bell 按铃
Break the rules 打破规则
Follow the rules 遵守规则
Less than 不足； more than 多于
Work on 致力于...
Work for ... 从事...工作
Work out 解决问题
Musical notes 乐符
be similar to ... 与...相似
On the telephone 在电话上
Section B
Salty (形容词) “咸的” -- salt (名词) “盐”
Mistake (名词) “错误”
常见搭配：make mistakes = make a mistake 犯错误
By mistake 误会，错误地；无意地
By mistakes 由于错误
Eg: He opened his sister’s letter by mistake.
他不小心打开了他姐姐的信。
Thin enough 足够瘦
Enough在修饰名词时位于名词前，修饰形容词时位于形容词后
Eg: The product is cheap enough, we have enough money to buy it.
这个产品足够便宜，我们有足够的钱买它。
Make sb. + 形容词/动词原形 “使某人.../让某人做某事”
Eg: The story makes me sad.
这个故事让我伤心。
The boss made the workers do the work all day.
老板迫使工人们整天干活。
In the end = at last 最后
A cook called George Crum 一个名叫乔治.克拉姆的厨师
Cook (名词) “厨师” (动词) “做饭；烹饪”
Cooker (名词) “炊具”
For a long time 持续很长时间
The Olympics 奥林匹克运动会
Be born in ... 出生于...
Eg: The boy is born in Beijing.
这个男孩生于北京。
Be asked to do sth. 被要求做某事
Ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不要）做某事
Eg: She asked me not to help her. 她要求我不要帮助她。
On a hard floor 在硬地板上
Divide ... into ... 把...分成...
Eg: Let’s divide them into two parts.
让我们把它们分成两部分。
Teach sb. to do sth. 教某人做某事
Teach sb. sth. 教某人某事
Eg: Miss Wang teaches us to learn English.
= Miss Wang teaches us English.
王老师教我们英语。
派生词：teach (动词) “教” -- teacher (名词) “教师”
On the same team 在同一个队里
Work together 共同协作
At the same time 同时
Stop ... from doing sth.
= prevent ... from doing sth.
= keep ... from doing sth.
“阻止...做...”
Eg: The weather stopped us from having a picnic.
天气阻止我们去野餐。
Dream of/ about ... 梦想；向往
Eg: We dreamed of having a big house.
我们梦想着有一个大房子。
Not only ... but also... 不但...而且...
当连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与but also后的主语保持一致
Eg: Not only the children but also the old man enjoys the film.
不仅孩子们而且那个老人都喜欢这部电影。
Be popular in ... “在...受欢迎”
Eg: They are popular in young people. 他们在年轻人中受欢迎。
The number of ... “...的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数
A number of ... “许多...”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数
Eg: The number of the students is 200.
学生的数量是200.
A number of the students are from China.
许多学生来自中国。
Look up to ... 钦佩；仰慕
Eg: We look up to his courage.
我们很钦佩他的勇气。
Encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
Eg: My teacher encouraged me to study hard.
我的老师鼓励我努力学习。
Achieve one’s dream = come true one’s dream 实现某人的梦想
Take notes 记笔记
Decide on 决定
Come up with 提出；想出
Eg: Mr. Wang came up with a good idea.
王先生提出了个好主意。
Lead to ... 导致
Eg: His carelessness leads to his failure.
他的粗心导致了他的失败。
Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.
Section A
Driver’s license 驾照
No way! 不行！/没门儿！
Sixteen-year-olds 16岁的孩子
Allow (动词) “允许”
常见搭配：allow doing sth. 允许做某事
Be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
Be allowed 被允许
Be not allowed 不被允许
Eg: The restaurant allows taking own drinks. 这个饭店允许带自己的饮品。
They are allowed to wear their own clothes. 他们被允许穿自己的衣服。
My mother allows me to watch TV for one hour. 我妈妈允许我看一个小时电视。
Eating here is allowed. 允许在这吃饭。
Taking photos isn’t allowed here. 这不允许拍照。
Be worried about = worry about 担心
Safety (名词) “安全” --- safe (形容词) “安全的”
Danger (名词) “危险” -- dangerous (形容词) “危险的”
Eg: You must keep their safety. 你一定要保证他们的安全。
Part - time job 兼职工作
Full - time job 全职工作
Get one’s ears pierced 穿耳洞
One’s own + 名词 某人自己的...
Eg: This is his own house. 这是他自己的房子。
I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.
该句为宾语从句，其中don’t否定的是从句中的should，但主语为第一人称且谓语为think，所以要否定前移。
Agree (动词) “同意” -- （反义词）disagree “不同意”
常见搭配：agree with sb. “同意某人”（也可以表示食物、天气等对...适宜）
Agree to sth. “同意某件事”
Eg: Everyone agrees with me. 大家都同意我。
They agree to this idea. 他们同意这个注意。
The weather doesn’t agree with me. 天气不适合我。
Be serious about ... 对...是认真的
Eg: He isn’t serious about my opinion. 他不在意我的观点。
Cut one’s hair = have a haircut 理发
Young people = the young 年轻人
Need time to do sth. 需要时间做某事
Eg: We need time to finish the work. 我们需要时间完成工作。
Clean (动词) “打扫” (形容词) “干净的”
Eg: The room is clean. 这个房间是干净的。
Please clean the room. 请打扫房间。
Be excited about sth. 对做某事感到兴奋
Eg: We are excited about visiting Beijing. 我们对参观北京感到兴奋。
注意：excited 常常用来修饰人；exciting常常用来修饰物。
Eg: We are excited about this exciting news. 我们对这个令人兴奋的消息感到兴奋。
Painting (名词) “油画” --- paint (动词) “涂色”
Me, too. 我也是。
Be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事
Eg: We are glad to have a school trip next week. 我们很高兴下周的学校旅行。
May be 与 maybe区别
May be为情态动词+be动词原形，常常位于句中
maybe为副词，常常位于句首
Eg: He may be a student. = Maybe he is a student.
也许他是一名学生。
Little, small和tiny区别：
little作形容词时，表示“小的；幼小的”，指由于年龄小而身形娇小，有可爱之意。
small作形容词，表示体积、程度、数量、价值、力量等的“小的；少的”
tiny作形容词，表示“极小的；微小的”，指与大多数同类事物相比较显得特别早
Eg: My little dog is very lovely. 我的小狗非常可爱。
The small village is next to the river. 这个小村庄在河旁。
A tiny baby is crying over there. 一个小婴儿在那里苦恼。
All night = the whole day 一整天
Sing to sb. 对某人唱歌
Eg: Please sing to me. 请给我唱支歌。
Stay by one’s side 待在某人旁边
Sleep in “睡过头；住在家里”
Run through 跑过
through与across区别：
through指从森林、公园、天空等内部穿过
across指从街道、河流等内部穿过
Eg: They walked through the forest. 他们步行穿过森林。
The old man walked across the street. 那个老人走过马路。
Make sure “确保”
常见搭配：make sure of sth. 对某人确信
Make sure to do sth. 一定要做某事
Make sure + that 从句 一定...
Eg: You must make sure to check the answer before handing in.
= You must make sure that you check the answer before handing in.
你在上交之前一定要检查答案。
Keep sb. from sth. 使某人远离...
Eg: My mum often keep me from danger.
我的妈妈经常使我远离危险。
Give sb. a hug = hug sb. 给某人一个拥抱
Eg: Please give your mother a hug. = Please hug your mother.
请给你妈妈一个拥抱。
Lift sb. up 举起某人
Talk back 顶嘴
Give it to me! 把它给我！
切记不可用give me it结构
Give sb. awful dreams 让某人做噩梦
Go out with sb. 和某人外出
By + 时间 到某时为止
Think back to ... 回想起
Eg: I often think back to old times.
我经常想起旧时光。
Be late for ... 迟到
Eg: Don’t be late for school.
上学不要迟到。
Stay out 不回家
Stay up 熬夜
Regret doing sth. 后悔做某事
Eg: He regretted telling lies to his parents.
他后悔和父母说谎。
Grammar
宾语从句
that引导的宾语从句
(一)放在动词后面的句子，称为“宾语从句”
(二)可分为三类：一类是that引导的宾语从句；一类是whether/ if引导的宾语从句；一类是连接代词，连接副词引导的宾语从句。
(三)that引导的宾语从句
1.宾语从句的引导词是that，当谓语动词表示肯定的概念，如“希望”“相信”“知道”或“说”时，后面的句子一般用that引导，that没有任何意义。只有语法功能，目的使读者清楚后面的句子是宾语从句，that可省略。接that引导的宾语从句的动词有：believe, expect, explain, feel, hear, hope, imagine, prefer, promise, report, say, see, tell, think, understand, warn, wish等。
引导that用于下列情况时不可省略：
（1）当宾语从句的主语是that时，
Eg: He says that that is a useful book.
（2）当从句前有插入语时
Eg: It says, on the card, that it is made in China.
（3）当宾语从句中含主从复合句时
Eg: I’m afraid that if you’ve lost it, you must pay for it.
（4）当两个或多个宾语从句由 并列连词连接时，除第一个从句中的that可省略外，其余从句中的that都不可省略
Eg: He said (that) the film was very interesting and that he enjoyed seeing it very much.
2.宾语从句的时态：
（1）主句是现在的某种时态，那么宾语从句的时态可根据实际情况而定
Eg: (1) I remember he gave me a book yesterday.
(2) He has told me that he’ll leave for New York tomorrow.
（2）如果主句是过去的某种时态，宾语从句一定要用过去的某种时态。
Eg: He told me that he would take part in the high jump.
（3）宾语从句表客观事实或真理，从句始终用一般现在时
Eg: He told me that the earth is round.
注意：宾语从句中，当主句主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等时，要否定前移。
Eg: I don’t think he is a good student.
whether/ if及疑问词引导的宾语从句
宾语从句引导词是whether/ if或特殊疑问句时，其要放在宾语从句句首，且宾语从句要用陈述语序。
(一)whether/ if 引导的宾语从句：whether/ if“是否”（宾语从句时一般疑问句时，用whether/ if引导，但不可省略，在从句中不作句子成分,译为“是否”）
Eg: I want to know whether/ if my sister is waiting for me at the school gate.
whether与if可互换，但只能用whether,不用if的情况如下：
1.引导介词的宾语从句：
Eg: I’m not angry about whether he will pass the exam.
2.直接与or not连用时
Eg: I’m not sure whether his answer is right or not.
(二)特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句：what, which, who, where, when, how引导。疑问词在句中有意义，在从句中充当句子成分，不可省略。
Eg: Do you know when the train will arrive
No one knows why Amy is not happy today.
(三)that引导的宾语从句，可以省略。
Eg: I hope (that) it will rain tomorrow.
宾语从句的时态问题
(一)宾语从句的时态与主句的时态一致：当主句用一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据自身的时间状语选择时态。当主句是一般过去时，从句的动作发生在主句的谓语动词之前，从句用过去完成时。当主句是一般过去时，从句的动作还没有或将要发生，从句用过去将来时。
Eg: I don’t know whose book this is.
He said that he had just bought a book.
He said he would go there again.
(二)时态不一致：主句是一般过去时，下列几种情况从句时态不变
1.宾语从句表示的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或其他不受时间限制、影响、客观存在的事物时，依然用一般现在时
Eg: He said the earth goes around the sun.
2.宾语从句解释、表达科技内容时，或表达一种反复出现或目前习惯性的动作时，仍用一般现在时
Eg: He said he takes a walk after dinner every evening.
3.宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作在转述时仍在继续，表示此刻仍存在的状态，从句的时态仍用现在范围内的时态。
Eg: She told me the other day that she is only eight.
4.从句中有具体的时间状语，动作是发生在主句动作之前，仍用一般过去时，不改为过去完成时
Eg: He said that he was born in 1998.
情态动词被动语态
结构：情态动词 + be动词 + 动词过去分词
Eg: Her homework can be handed in tomorrow.
她的作业明天能交上来。
知识点
Encourage (动词) “鼓励”
常用搭配：encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
Eg: He encouraged me to learn French.
他鼓励我学法语。
Make one’s own decision
= make a choice oneself 自己做决定
Eg: We must learn how to make our own decision.
我们必须学习自己做决定。
Too + 形容词 + to do sth. 太...而不能做...
= so + 形容词 + that从句 如此...以至于...
= not 形容词反义词 enough to do sth. 不够...去做某事
Eg: The boy is too young to go to school.
= The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.
= The boy isn’t old enough to go to school.
Social work 社会工作
Give sb. chances to do sth. 给某人机会做某事
Eg: Please give him chances to correct mistakes.
请给他机会改正错误。
Move out 搬出去
Educate (动词) “教育” -- education (名词) “教育”
Take care of = look after 照顾
Eg: He has to look after his little brother.
= He has to take care of his little brother.
他不得不照顾他的小弟弟。
Manage their own lives 管理他们自己的生活
It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 对于某人来说做某事是...
It is + (品格类) 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth
Eg: It is important for us to learn English. 对我们来说学英语是重要的。
It is nice of you to help me. 你帮我太好了。
It is better for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事更好
That’s why ... 那就是...的原因
Eg: That’s why he was late for school.
那就是他上学迟到的原因。
Continue to do sth. 继续做某事
Section B
Go to class late 上学迟到
Fail a test 测试不及格 -- （反义词）pass a test 通过考试
Fail (动词) “失败；不及格；未履行” -- failure (名词) “失败”
常用搭配：fail to do sth. 未能做成某事
Eg: Many people fail to do this.
许多人不能这样做。
Be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格
Be strict in sth.

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