资源简介

北京市第一0一中学2024-2025学年度统练4
高三英语 2024-10-15
第一部分：知识运用 (共两节，30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Olivia, 9, was shy at first. She'd never been on a horse before. So when she was asked to feed carrots to the reddish- brown horse named Charlie on a summer Saturday, she approached 1 , unsure of herself at times, turning around to a group of children waiting for their turn to feed him.
Olivia eventually made it to the horse's mouth and Charlie licked (舔) her hands as she 2 him his favorite treat. Olivia was amused.
“ That's what I call a( an) 3 ,” said Sabrina, a social worker who has teamed up with the community organization Alkebu-lan Village to help children overcome their problems and keep them on paths to 4 .
“I'm excited,” Olivia said smiling. “I love petting him.”
The program“ Stop Horsing Around” at Alkebu- lan Village was launched this summer with over a dozen kids signing up. They were taught how to approach, feed, brush, and mount the horses 5 eventually they got a chance to ride them.
By 6 the program's horses with Sabrina's help and forming 7 with them, children become more self- aware and then begin to recognize and face negative feelings and behaviors, which can help them communicate with others and lead to significant positive changes to their 8 skills, self- worth and behavior issues.
Sabrina first taught the children that Charlie needed to become 9 with them by smelling their hands. Once Charlie was comfortable, the kids learned how to pet his face and head, and then how to use the lead rope, clean up Charlie's messes, and feed him carrots.
Olivia wasn't the only kid who was nervous and shy at the beginning. But ultimately Olivia also wasn't the only kid to leave more confident. Their 10 consistently turned into smiles, laughter and excitement.
1. A. happily B. calmly C. slowly D. directly
2. A. fed B. left C. made D. threw
3. award B exchange C. negotiation D. breakthrough
4. A. fame B. success C. freedom D. responsibility
5. A. before B. after C. as D. though
6. A. taking over B. walking with C. caring for D. responding to
7. A. routines B. bonds C. judgements D. ideas
8. A. technical B. survival C. social D. organizational
9. A. popular B. familiar C. satisfied D. patient
10. A. resistance B. disappointment C. misunderstanding D. hesitation
第二节 语法填空(共10小题； 每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Too much TV- watching can harm children's ability to learn, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children. One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third- graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points 11 (. o-y on math and language arts test s than children 12 perform TVs. A second study, 13 ( look) at nearly 1,000 grown- ups in New Zealand, found poorer education levels among 26- year-olds who 14( watch) lots of TV during childhood.
B
First 15 ( create) by Sterling Morton in 1872, Tree Planting Day was set in order to inspire people's passions for planting and protecting trees, and to protect and improve the natural environment 16 people depend on for their living. In February,1979, the 5th National People's Congress of People's Republic of China made a resolution that March 12h would be taken as Chinese Tree Planting Day. Since then, about 50 billion trees ( plant) all over China.
The dinner party is under threat, announced a recent lifestyle column in The Times. You might wonder,“ How can this be Don't we throw parties for friends on special occasions ” But 18 、 The Times worries about is another kind of disappearing. It is usually hosted in one's home. Invitations 1 ( settle) out weeks in ad Vance and the hosts prepare food 20 ( carceral). Yet nowadays, people prefer to eat takeout food on their sofa while juggling a mobile phone and a remote control.
第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题； 每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
A gadget which makes water out of air could become the greatest household invention since the microwave.
Using the same technology as a dehumidifier (除湿器), the Water Mill is able to create a ready supply of drinking water because it can always get it from an unlimited source— the air.
The company behind the machine says not only does it offer an alternative to bottled water in developed countries, but it is a solution for the millions who face a daily water shortage.
The machine works by drawing in wet air through a filter and over a cooling instrument which changes it into water droplets. It can produce up to 12 liters a day. The Water Mill will also produce more water when storms pass over, as the amount of water which is contained in the air increases. In keeping with its eco- development, the machine uses the same amount of electricity as three lights.
Inventor Jonathan Ritchey said:“ The demand for water is off the chart. So people are looking for freedom from water distribution systems that are shaky and unreliable.” The machine, which is about 3 feet wide, is likely to cost 800 when it goes on sale here in the spring. Its maker, Canadian Firm Element Four, roughly calculates that a liter of water costs around 20p to produce.
Environmentalists state that half the world's population will face water shortage because of climate change by 2080. One in five is said to lack access to safe drinking.
The Water Mill is not effective in areas where the amount of water contained in the air is below about 30 percent, but in Britain that won't be much of a problem.
21. Who would be most likely in need of The Water Mill
A. A household with high electricity bill.
B. Residents in an area with frequent storms.
C. A person who has access to water for free.
D. Someone who lacks enough drinking water.
22. What do we learn about the machine
A. It absorbs steam and turns it into water.
n It is very expensive for families to afford.
C. It works in the same way as microwaves.
D. It helps to make the water clean to drink.
23. What is the best title for the passage
A. A New Way to Solve Water Problem
B. A Dehumidifier to Produce Water
C. A Machine to Make Water out of Air
D. An Absolutely New Invention
B
Two- Man Ironman
On Sept.17,2022, Jeff and his son, Johnny, set out to begin the first of three legs of the Ironman competition, where competitors must complete a 140 miles of swimming, bicycling and running in under 17 hours. Not that long ago, Johnny could barely walk a few steps because he was born with cerebral palsy(脑瘫). But his dream of being a runner never stopped.
From the day Johnny was born, Jeff refused to let his son's disability hold him back. Determined to show Johnny that he could pursue his dream of being an athlete, Jeff helped him engage in running. They began waking up at 4 a. m. so Jeff could run while pushing his son in a special wheelchair called a racing chair. Every morning, they drove themselves to run increasingly longer distances. Soon, they were entering 5K races, then on to Ironman competition. Jeff would act as Johnny's arms and legs, carrying the weight of his son throughout the race.
The race began with a 2.4- mile swim. Settling Johnny into a kayak, Jeffeased himself into the water. Swimming while dragging another person was very tough. But worst of all, Jeff had to struggle with jellyfish. “I occupied my mind by counting the number
of times I got stung(蛰),” he says.
After the two men completed the tough bike section in roughly nine hours, they set their sights on the final leg of the race — a 26.2- mile marathon. They'd been competing for+0.5. hours, leaving another 6.5 hours to make their time. But at Mile 19, Johnny saw the clock ticking down and worried they wouldn't make the cutoff. Despite the tiredness, Jeff was convinced they were going all right and then picked up the pace.
With minutes left and 200 feet to the finish line, Jeff stopped to help Johnny out of his racing chair and handed him his rolling walker. After years of painstaking work, Johnny was determined to finish his races on his own. After 16 hours,55 minutes and35seconds, the father and son crossed the finish line together.
As the crowd cheered on an overwhelmed Johnny, a weary Jeff kept a low profile.“ My father didn't want his finish line moment,” says Johnny, tears in eyes.“ He wanted it to be mine.”
24. Why did Jeff lead Johnny to running
A. To get closer to Johnny. B To fulfill Johnny's dream.
C. To discover Johnny's interest. D. To speed up Johnny's recovery.
25. What challenged Jeff most in the swimming race
A. Lack of energy. R. Pain from injuries.
C. Mental tiredness. D. Body weight change.
26. Which of the following can best describe Johnny according to the passage
A. Strong- willed and grateful. B. Warm- hearted and sensitive.
C. Patient and generous. D. Tough and humorous.
27. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. Actions speak louder than words.
B. Fathers are not born; they are made.
C. The value of a loving father has no price.
D. Success comes from failures along the journey.
C
Of the more than 3,000 species of mosquitoes in the world, just a small number specialize in sucking human blood. How mosquitoes track us down so effectively isn't currently known, but it matters, since they carry dangerous diseases which may cause death.
“ In fact, stopping these annoying insects in their tracks could save up to half a million lives lost to those diseases each year,” said Carolyn Gauff, a professor of eco logy and evolutionary biology at the Princeton Neuroscience Institute. That's why Gauff's team wants to understand how they find and target humans.
Mosquitoes mostly choose what to bite based on odor(气味). Knowing how a potentially disease- carrying mosquito finds a person, while ignoring other warm- blooded animals, is a key question. But it's not easy to answer, since any animal smell is made up of hundreds of chemicals mixed together in specific percentage.“ The actual chemicals that are found in human odor are basically the same as the chemicals found in animal odor— it's the percentages and the relative large amount of those substances in human mixtures that's unique,” said Gauff.
To investigate, researchers decided to record neural activity in the brain of mosquitoes while exposing them to natural human and animal odor samples. They collected odor samples from about 40 different animals. When they compared some of those with the 16 human samples, something jumped out. Decanal is particularly rich in human skin. Common in the natural world, in humans, decanal comes from another, more complex substance. When one component of our skin's natural oils, sapience acid, breaks down, decanal is left over. This acid is only found in human beings. It's what likely leads to the high levels of decanal that help the mosquitoes smell their way to us.
Understanding what the mosquitoes are targeting is only part of the story; knowing how they do it is also important. To see exactly how mosquitoes use this sense, scientists used genetically modified (转基因的) mosquitoes so that they could cut open mosquitoes’ heads and watch neurons fi ring when they' re exposed to human and animal odors. The research team already knew that mosquitoes have about 60 different types of neurons that sense odors, so when they looked in the insects' brains, they thought they might see a lot of activity. But it was surprisingly quiet, meaning that the signal was perhaps quite simple, down to just a couple types of neurons.“ One type of neuron responded really strongly 1o both humans and animals. Another type of neuron responded to both— but it responded much more strongly to humans than animals,” Gauff said.
How to keep mosquitoes' decanal signal from being transmitted will be the research team's next focus. Gauff hoped their current work could be used to make mosquito killers and attractants to prevent disease.
28. What's the final purpose of the research conducted by Gauff's team
A. To study why only certain mosquitoes suck human blood.
B. To investigate the neural activity in mosquitoes' brains.
C. To help prevent deadly diseases caused by mosquitoes.
D. To test the effectiveness of mosquito killers.
29. To which substance(s) would mosquitoes mostly be attracted
A. Natural oil from human skin.
B. Chemicals in the environment.
C. Decanal generated in human blood.
D. Remains of decomposed sapience acid.
30. What can we learn from the passage
A. Most mosquito neurons are not involved in responding to human odor.
B. Genetically modified mosquitoes are not sensitive to human odor.
C. Further research will focus on odor signal and neural connection.
D. Chemicals found in human and animal odors are quite different.
D
The start- up that attracted the largest investment in the history of cybersecurity, of more than half a billion dollars, has a simple goal: a passwordless future.
Despite the spread of password management software that can generate and remember complicated strings of random characters, some of the most common passwords are still“12345”,“ password” and “ iloveyou”. As a result, more than 80 percent of hacks involve these kinds of passwords; and passwords remain the most sought- after data by hackers, above other personal or sensitive information.
In many cases, individuals are tricked into handing over password details by phishing emails and other social engineering techniques. Hackers have sought to break into apps and steal entire password databases as well. Passwords are also under attack from new technology, such as automated programs that can rapidly try to guess them, or can try stolen passwords on multiple online accounts.
Since the need to replace the easily forgotten and highly hackable strings of letters and numbers that we use to access everyday life has become even more urgent, the race to replace the password is under way, with biometric- based (基于生物识别的) security emerging as one of the most sought- after solutions. According to Tieo, a union of more than 250 companies, which promotes a standard system of passwordless authentication( 身份验证 ), the vast majority of consumer services will offer passwordless login systems in the next couple of years.“ If done correctly and safely, biometrics are really helping us move to a passwordless future in a rapid manner,'' said Andrew Jenkinson, CEO of Tieo.
But there are still risks associated with the use of biometric authentication. Unlike passwords, biometrics cannot be changed. This means such data must be closely guarded for privacy purposes and to prevent spoofing—- hackers trying to trick cameras or sensors with photos, or masks of their victim.“ Biometric authentication and passwordless authentication has its own attack surface,” said Paul Smith, director of security research at CyberPek. His team revealed that it had found a design problem which would allow potential attackers to bypass facial recognition login by injecting a spoofed photo of a user's face into the process.
The biggest obstacle standing in the way of the start- ups hoping to kill the password is how to change years of habit. Eric Brown, founder of TAK Cyber, a cyber research and advisory company, argued that while sensitive applications may rapidly shift from passwords, other websites have less motivation to update their systems.
“ You'll never get rid of them,” he said.“ We' re never going to get to the post- password era.”
31. What is the third paragraph mainly about
A. Why passwords are the most sought- after data.
B. How passwords are stolen by phishing emails.
C. How passwords have caused us trouble.
D. Why passwords are difficult to secure.
32. What can we infer from the passage
A. Facial recognition login is the key to fighting hackers.
B. Biometric authentication has its own set of problems.
C. TAK Cyber's login system guarantees the safety of data.
D. Spoofing brings more problems than automated programs.
33. What is Eric Brown's attitude towards a passwordless future
A. Indifferent. B. Passionate. C. Pessimistic. D. Objective.
34. Which would be the best title for the passage
A. Biometric authentication: password security solution!
B. Start- ups race to welcome a passwordless future
C. The argument to end passwords has begun
D. Killing the password: a cure or a fantasy
第二节 (共5小题； 每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(E=A+B,F=A+C,G=A+D)
The Positive Effects of a Positive Affect
Parents often have high hopes for how their children will turn out in adulthood, such as wanting them to be healthy, to feel satisfied with their career, and to have strong friendships. 35
Recent research suggests that a teen's affect—— especially positive affect— is one critical factor. What exactly is affect Affect is the tendency to express positive or negative emotions, which in turn influences how we experience things and determine whether to judge a given situation as positive or negative. 36 Moreover, research suggests that a person's affect is relatively stable over time, especially by the time one reaches adulthood.
Affect is typically described in terms of being either positive or negative, and it seems that positive affect, in particular, is related to a number of beneficial outcomes in adulthood.
In support of this crucial role that positive affect has in development, a study by researchers at the University of Virginia followed teenagers and young adults from ages 14 to 25, allowing them to understand the predictive power of positive affect across the critical developmental period from adolescence to young adulthood.37 For example, teens with a higher positive affect reported had a stronger, healthier attachment to their friends.
38 Positive affect also predicted increased self- worth and job competence, suggesting that, overall, positive affect seems to be a key predictor of young adult success across several important areas of functioning.
But what about the effects of negative affect The researchers also examined whether negative affect would predict problems in young adulthood. 39 Thus, the important takeaway is that adolescent positive affect may have powerful links to important life outcomes in the domains of personal well- being, career, and social relationships up to a decade later.
A. Affective responses to events typically happen automatically.
B. So how can parents help their children grasp the meaning of positive affect
C. But what factors help produce these outcomes as teens move from adolescence to adulthood
D. Interestingly, the results suggested that positive affect may go beyond helping teens build positive relationships.
E. The results uncovered that negative affect might account for many life problems when a teenager became a young adult.
F. Unlike positive affect, having greater negative affect did not have any significant associations with any of the later life outcomes.
G. This study found that positive affect was strongly predictive of life outcomes in young adulthood, such as developing better friendships.
第三部分：书面表达(共20分)
假如你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校外籍老师 Jim计划不久回国，他想带回一份具有中国传统文化特色的礼物送给妈妈，写信向你咨询，请你给他回复邮件。内容包括：
1. 推荐礼物的名称及推荐理由；
2. 向他家人表示祝愿并祝他旅途愉快
注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
北京市第一0一中学2024-2025学年度统练4答案
完型
CADBACBCBD
语法填空
11. lower 12. without 13. looking 14. had watched/ watched 15. created
16. which/ that 17. have been planted 18. what 19. are sent 20. carefully
阅读
A 篇: DAC
B篇: BBAC
C 篇: CDA
D 篇: DBCD
七选五: CAGDF
书面表达
Possible version:
Knowing that you'd like to select a Chinese gift for your mother before returning home soon, I'm writing to recommend you a silk dress as a gift.
Silk is one of China's greatest treasures and Chinese silk industry has the longest history. Therefore, the beautiful soft silk is one of the most popular handcrafts presenting China. Apart from its strong Chinese cultural characteristics, Chinese silk messes are also comfortable and elegant to wear. They are a favorite choice for ladies of your mother's age. I'm sure your mother will definitely be glad to have one.
Best wishes to your family and have a wonderful trip!

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