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2024-2025学年度高第一学期高二英语10月考试卷
考试范围：选必一UNIT3-UNIT5；考试时间：120分钟；考试分值：120分
第I卷（选择题满分85分）
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共10小题，满分10分）
1．____________ in the chimney for five hours, the thief looked very pale and tired.
A．Trapping B．Being trapped C．Having trapped D．Having been trapped
2．Her brother complained, ________ (think) of the high tuition fees.
A．thinking B．thought C．to sing D．thinks
3．Inspiration for her career choice originated from the rise of Guochao, a style in China ________ modern design mixed with traditional culture elements.
A．features B．featured
C．featuring D．to feature
4．___________ job opportunities, the small town saw an increase in youth unemployment.
A．To lack B．Lacked in C．Lacking D．Lacked
5．________ (encourage) by Quan Hongchan, I decide to do exercises regularly.
A．Encourages B．Encouraged C．Encouraging D．Be encouraged
6．—It is selflessof the doctor to devote all the time he had _________ for the patients.
—I think so, they are so great.
A． to care B．cared C． to be cared D．to caring
7．________ governments have addressed the problem of affordable housing reflects their commitment to providing accessible living options for all citizens
A．What B．That C．There D．Whether
8．______ really matters is a sound business plan, access to capital, and good management and negotiating skills.
A．That B．Which C．Why D．What
9．In the Chinese art festival, ______ caught my attention first was a 15th-century qinghua bowl in a breathtaking exhibition of Chinese porcelain.
A．what B．which C．one D．it
10．______ impressed me a lot that those disabled athletes tried their best to compete in the games.
A．That B．What C．It D．Which
阅读理解（每小题2分，共20小题，满分40分）
A
There are many scientific breakthroughs made by women in the Antarctic. Here are four landmarks in Antarctica and the female pioneers they’re named after.
Jones Terrace
The ice-free terrace in eastern Antarctica’s Victoria Land bears Jones’ name. In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica. Through chemical analyses of rocks they had collected, Jones and her team discovered many geochemical characteristics of the valley’s ice-covered lakes.
Mount Fiennes
8,202-foot-high Mount Fiennes, located on Antarctica’s largest island — Alexander Island — is named after Ginny Fiennes. She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues. In 1985, Fiennes became the first female invited to join the Antarctic Club, a British supper club open to individuals who have spent extended time in the Antarctic region.
Francis Peak
The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.
Peden Cliffs
Peden Cliffs near Antarctica’s Marie Byrd Land are proof of the labor of Irene Peden. She was the first American female scientist to both live and work in the Antarctic, where she used radio waves to study ice sheets. Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.
11．What do the first two pioneers have in common
A．They analyzed different chemicals of rocks in Antarctica.
B．They both worked with their own team in Antarctica.
C．They conducted the research in the ice-free areas in Antarctica.
D．They joined the Antarctic Club for their stay in Antarctica.
12．Who proved the previous higher temperatures of the Antarctic
A．Lois M. Jones. B．Ginny Fiennes.
C．Dame Jane Francis. D．Irene Peden.
13．What is the scientific breakthrough of Irene Peden
A．She was the first American scientist to explore the Antarctic.
B．She measured the spreading frequencies of radio waves.
C．She found out the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.
D．She discovered a lot of ice-covered lakes in the Antarctic.
B
Building large-scale (大规模的) wind and solar power plants (发电厂) doesn’t just have the power to provide the world with a huge amount of energy; it has the power to actually change the climate for the better. A new climate-modeling study has found that wind and solar power plants throughout the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉大沙漠) could increase rainfall across the area and benefit plants’ growth.
When it comes to the Sahara Desert, here come the opinions of the researchers. For one, there’s plenty of sunlight and plenty of wind over the sandy areas. It’s also close to Europe and the Middle East, which need great amounts of energy. What’s more, wind and solar power plants that cover about 9 million kilometers of the desert could provide about 3 terawatts (太瓦) and 79 terawatts of electricity separately. That would meet global energy needs several times over.
The researchers also tried to find out how such large power plants would affect the area’s climate and plants. It was found that temperatures would increase — which might sound difficult to understand in the desert — but this would also raise the amount of water in the air and double the amount of rainfall. That’s a fair trade, as this place could become green with even a little increase in rainfall.
“We found that the large-scale solar and wind power plants can bring more rainfall and help with plants’ growth in these areas. It’s great to think that instead of burning coal or oil and creating disastrous climate change, we could use clean energy to produce positive climate change and change a desert into a beautiful place with water and trees,” explained Eugenia Kalnay, a researcher of the study.
14．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．How people affect the Sahara Desert.
B．Why we need large-scale power plants.
C．How power plants can be helpful to the surroundings.
D．Why the Sahara Desert is perfect for building power plants.
15．What will happen to the desert according to the study
A．It will become colder.
B．It will attract more tourists.
C．The temperature will be higher there.
D．The trade there will increase greatly.
16．How does Eugenia Kalnay comment on building large-scale wind and solar power plants in the Sahara Desert
A．It is a win-win chance.
B．It needs to be studied further.
C．It will face greater difficulties.
D．It will be achieved within decades.
17．What is the best title for the text
A．Wind and solar power plants produce clean energy
B．Power plants could bring rains to the Sahara Desert
C．The Sahara Desert may disappear after a new project
D．The world will need more electricity in the future
C
Born in 1958 in Nanning, Guangxi, Dr. Huang Danian became interested in geophysics early. His parents, teaching at a local geological institution, passed the passion down to him. In 1978, Huang was admitted to Changchun Institute of Geology and later taught there. He once wrote that rejuvenating (使恢复活力) the Chinese nation was their generation’s responsibility.
In 1992, he went to Britain for further studies. There, he obtained his doctorate in geophysics and joined a local firm. During his time in the UK, Huang’s heart remained devoted to the motherland, frequently flying back to China to attend academic meetings or seminars related to his field. In 2008, he returned to China with great resolution. For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country.
Upon his return to China, he was entrusted to work at Jilin University as a professor and chief scientist in a branch of China’s biggest deep earth exploration program. Over 400 scientists participated in the program, which aimed to fix high-tech cameras on aircraft, ships, and satellites that would enable scientists to see through the earth’s crust (地壳) without digging into it.
For seven years, Huang worked racing against time. Many of his co-workers called him a workaholic while he thought he was more like a “lunatic (疯狂的人)”. “China is in urgent need of ‘lunatics’ if it is to become a stronger country. It would be an honor if I could be one of them,” he added. The lunatic’s madness paid off. He and his team helped China greatly narrow its gap with developed countries in obtaining precise data on deep earth exploration. They created a number of China’s No.1s, filling many technical gaps for China’s sky survey, ground detection, and sea exploration.
During his whole life, he sought no fame, and always kept the motherland in mind. As a scientist, he fulfilled his dream of rejuvenating the nation with exceptional achievements.
18．Why did Dr. Huang decide to return and work in China
A．To work at Jilin University.
B．To attend academic meetings.
C．To devote himself to researching.
D．To serve his motherland whole-heartedly.
19．What did the deep-earth exploration program focus on
A．Discovering new mineral resources.
B．Competing with developed countries.
C．Equipping various platforms with cameras.
D．Helping scientists explore beneath the earth’s crust.
20．What did Huang and his team achieve
A．They won many international awards.
B．They got accurate data on deep ocean.
C．They attained many firsts in relevant fields.
D．They helped China overtake developed countries.
21．Which of the following can best describe Dr. Huang
A．Committed and patriotic. B．Enterprising and crazy.
C．Sensitive and rigid. D．Single-minded and unreliable.
D
In a response to the threat posed by rising sea levels, South Korea showed the world’s first model of sustainable floating city in Busan.
“Sea level rise poses a threat for some small islands and some low-lying coasts,” says a recent report. The global sea level has risen by eight to nine inches since 1880. What’s more frightening is that one-third of the rise in sea level happened in the last 25 years.
The floating city aims to provide technology for coastal cities facing severe land shortages that are combined by climatic threats. The city will serve as the “world’s first model sustainable floating city” aiming to be “a structure that rises with the sea” supplying its own food, energy and water.
The floating city has six combined systems: zero waste and circular systems, closed-loop water systems, food, net-zero energy, innovative movement, and coastal habitat regeneration. These interconnected systems will generate 100 percent of the required energy through floating and rooftop photovoltaic panels(光伏板).
Each neighborhood will treat and refill its own water, process and recycle resources, and provide innovative urban agriculture. The floating city is the world’s first model of a sustainable floating community. The interconnected neighborhoods spread across 6.3 hectares that can hold a community of12,000 people. Starting from a community of 3 platforms with 12,000 residents and visitors, it has the potential to expand to more than 20 platforms. The floating platforms have dozens of productive stations with photovoltaic panels and greenhouses that can expand and contract(收缩) over time based on the city’s needs.
“I take seriously our commitment ‘ The First to the Future’. Our common future is at risk in the face of sea level rise and its impact on coastal cities,” said Busan Mayor Park Heong-joon, who has set a schedule, including turning Busan into a green smart city and compete for World Expo 2030.
This is as frightening as it is exciting to reach such an achievement, but living in a city that is like the communities where people try to survive in the movie Water World is kind of unhappy.
22．Why does South Korea build the floating city
A．To deal with the sea level rise. B．To develop the sustainable energy.
C．To increase the land to grow plants. D．To help reduce the global temperature.
23．What can we know about the floating city
A．It doesn’t need agriculture. B．It has six separate systems.
C．It produces energy by rooftop. D．It can provide almost everything by itself.
24．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A．How the floating city will operate in its way.
B．How many people the floating city will hold.
C．How the floating city will produce its energy.
D．How the floating city will recycle its resources.
25．What might be the best title for the passage
A．Busan witnesses sea level rise. B．Rising sea level threatens Busan.
C．Living in a floating city is exciting. D．The first floating city is on the way.
E
While it`s simple to name many famous male inventors, people might be hard-pressed to name some female inventors. 26
27 Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was traveling by tram through New York City. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of wind. She had a sudden good idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade (刮片) that could be operated from inside the vehicle 28
What’s more, the dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century and to the dinner parties held by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent hostess, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than humans. 29 And finally, she developed what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.
Lastly, one of the most important inventions of the 20th century must surely be the computer program. In today’s world of programming, men vastly outnumber women. 30 Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler (编译程序) in 1952.
A．And that’s exactly what she did.
B．That was how the invention came into being.
C．As a response, she conducted many experiments.
D．Firstly, what led to the invention of the windscreen cleaner
E．But back in the 1940s and 50s, women led the way in this new field.
F．For example, where would we be without the windscreen cleaner
G．Yet women are behind some widely used technologies in the modern world.
三、完形填空（每小题1分，共15小题，满分15分）
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a long history in China. Much of the wisdom 31 by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today. One of China’ s early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie, who lived in the sixth century AD．He spent his time doing 32 into agriculture. He collected information, did experiments and learnt from the 33 of farmers.
Around 540 AD, he wrote a book called Qimin Yaoshu.The book is about both farming and 34 It includes advice on the following 35 growing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals. Jia Sixie’ s book is a practical guide for farming. Firstly, as a farmer you should do things at the right time of the year. If you sow seeds and 36 young plants in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less and 37 will be better. The 38 of the soil is also very important. Examine the soil on your farm 39 . If the condition of your soil is not good, you should improve it. Before sowing or planting crops, you must clean rough ground and 40 weeds. The best harvest is reached when farmers 41 the crops in their fields. For example, do not-plant rice 42 in the same field. But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will 43 good crops.
Other scientists said that wheat should be planted with 44 between the plants, but Jia did experiments and 45 that planting wheat close together was better.
31．A．recovered B．discovered C．reported D．impressed
32．A．research B．theory C．experiment D．statistics
33．A．adventure B．experience C．tradition D．association
34．A．nursing B．producing C．gardening D．trading
35．A．programs B．topics C．events D．subjects
36．A．grow B．mix C．drop D．throw
37．A．results B．bonds C．hopes D．dreams
38．A．application B．situation C．combination D．condition
39．A．gently B．carefully C．gradually D．frequently
40．A．loosen B．relieve C．remove D．lower
41．A．surround B．enhance C．change D．improve
42．A．one after another B．now and then
C．year after year D．here and there
43．A．harvest B．collect C．generate D．export
44．A．layers B．patterns C．balance D．space
45．A．decided B．bet C．intended D．showed
四、语义替换题（每小题2分，共10小题，满分20分）
根据语境，选择词语换句中划线部分的单词或短语。
When we think about nonverbal behavior, or body language, we think about communication.
A.assessment B. interaction C. demonstration D. employment
47. The Internet could help reduce costs and raise productivity in all walks of life.
A. lower B. accompany C. sneeze D. wander
48. Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been used only since the mid-1980s.
A.demonstrated B. assessed C. distinguished D.employed
49．In Japan, it may display respect to look down when talking to an older person.
A.demonstrate B. assess C. distinguish D.employ
50．In a sense, it’s human nature to judge the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.
A. buffet B. ban C.assess D. stretch
51．Several journalists saw the incident happen in which eight people were injured.
A.adopted B. witnessed C. blessed D. swung
52．The teacher’s smile suggested that she had forgiven the students.
A. implied B. interacted C. interpreted D.differed
53．Only by presenting facts and reasoning things out can we persuade others of what we say.
A. bow B. bend C. tackle D. convince
54．I originally disagreed with the proposal he came up with at the meeting, but later I changed my mind. A.totally B.initially C. absolutely D. suddenly
55．A society can be steady and orderly only when its people can lead a prosperous life.
A. essential B. reliable C.stable D. enormous
第II卷（非选择题满分65分）
四、语法填空（每小题1分，共10小题，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.
The latest 56 (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays 59 (close) to protect the plants.
Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60 (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time. These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65 (rich) of gardening in England.
五、单词拼写(根据中文和首字母提示写单词,每小题1分，共10小题，满分10分）
66．You should d (致力于) yourself to doing some research on how to protect wildlife.
67．Newspapers should pay less attention to media c (名人；名流) and more attention to our national heroes. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
68．Gas and oil c (消耗，消费) always increases in cold weather.
69．I would appreciate it if you could a (批准) my application and inform me of the interview.
70．She felt a (羞愧的) of her failure and lowered her head.
71．I noticed her e (尴尬) look when she was refused by the boy she had a crush on.
72．The handwritten and illustrated book by J. K. Rowling was u (最后) sold for 1. 95 million, although it had been expected to be sold for 50,000.
73．The flexible nature of some modern jobs has made it difficult to d (区分；辨别) between work and leisure time.
74．A child’s vocabulary e through reading. (扩大)
75．Hours are spent every day editing my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking the phone because each “like” b （增强） my confidence.
六、完成句子（每小题2分，共5小题，满分10分）
76．Disneyland offers a variety of activities ________ (吸引) both children and adults.
77．My father works very busily, but he always finds time to ________(陪伴我).
78．Winter is coming and most birds are on (在行进中) to the south.
79．In the last history class, we ________(推断) about the cause of the war from the available documents.
80．The team’s efforts ________ (打破) barriers and led to a better understanding between members.
八、课文填空（共20小题，每小题0.5分，满分10分）
A
I wake up to the sound of the wind 81.________strike repeatedly with a lot of force｝the cloth of my tent. Even though the sun is brightly shining, telling 82.________ it is morning or night is impossible. I'm above the Arctic Circle, 83.________ in summer the sun never sets. Checking my 84.______, I see that it is 7:30 a.m. I leave my tent and walk over to the mountain edge. Spreading out before me, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below. I'm in the remote far north of Sweden in Sarek National Park, a place with no roads 85._____ towns.
B
After breakfast, I pack my bag and set out again. Since I must carry all of my food and supplies with me, my bag weighs about 30 kilograms. If today is anything like yesterday, it will be full of 86.______ and hard work as I hike over this difficult land to my destination on the other side of the valley. 87._______, I cannot complain. 88.____(be) in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel 89.______to be alive. Here I am, alone under this broad sky, 90.________(breathe) the fresh air, and enjoying this great adventure. What could be better
C
We use 91._____ words and body language to express our thoughts and opinions in our 92._________with other people. We can learn a lot about 93.____ people are thinking by watching their body language. Words are important, 94._____ the way people stand, hold their arms, and move their hands can also give us information about their feelings.
D
Yuan Longping, known 95______ the "father of hybrid rice", is one of China's most famous 96______. Yet, he considers himself a 97________ because he continually works the 98_____ in his research. Indeed, his slim but strong body is just like 99______ of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he has 100_______his life.
九、书面表达（满分25分）
101．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was the day of the big cross-country run越野跑. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route 路线 through thick evergreen常青的 forest.
I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy 露出牙齿的 smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasn't with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not to run.
What was wrong He had worked so hard for this event!
I quickly searched the crowd for the school's coach and asked him what had happened. "I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him," he explained uncomfortably. "I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide."
I bit back抑制住 my frustration 懊恼. I knew the coach meant well-he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could run if he wanted, I turned to find him coming towards me, his small body rocking摆动 from side to side as he swung摇摆 his feet forward.
David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children, but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid. He always participated to the best of his ability in whatever they were doing. That was why none of the children thought it unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. It just took him longer -that's all. David had not missed a single practice, and although he always finished his run long after the other children, he did always finish. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 D A C C B D B D A C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C C D C A B D D C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A A D A D G D A C E
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 B A B C D A A D B C
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C C A D D B A D A C
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 B A D B C
1．D
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在烟囱里被困了五个小时后，那个小偷看起来非常苍白和疲惫。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语the thief与trap之间为被动关系，且强调动作在谓语动词looked之前已经发生且持续了一段时间，所以用现在分词完成式的被动语态。故选D。
2．A
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一想到高昂的学费，她的兄弟就会抱怨。句子谓语动词是complained，空格处作非谓语动词，且think与其逻辑主语Her brother之间为主动关系，故使用现在分词形式作状语，故选A。
3．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她选择职业的灵感来源于国潮的兴起，国潮是一种融合了传统文化元素的现代设计风格。一空处为固定搭配：originate from意为“来自；源于；起源于”，作谓语动词，二空处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词a style，两者之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故选C项。
4．C
【详解】考查非谓语动词和冠词。句意：由于缺乏工作机会，这个小镇的青年失业人数有所增加。设空处在句中作非谓语，和其逻辑主语the small town之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用动词的现在分词的形式作状语，第二个设空处后为名词，表泛指，应用不定冠词，设空处后为元音音素开头的名词，应为an。故选C。
5．B
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：受到全红婵的鼓舞，我决定定期锻炼。本句谓语为decide，此处为非谓语动词，且逻辑主语he与encourage“鼓励”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故选B。
6．D
【详解】考查固定句型和固定搭配。句意：——医生非常无私，把所有的时间都花在照顾病人上。——我认为是这样的，他们太棒了。第一空前的selfless修饰的是指人的the doctor，表示人的品性，应用“It’s+形容词+of sb. to do”固定句型，意为“对某人来说，做某事是……”，故第一空应用of。根据第二空前的“devote all the time he had”可知，此处应用短语devote time to doing...表示“把时间奉献给做……”，其中第二空前面的he had作定语从句，修饰all the time，该短语中to为介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，故第二空应用to caring。故选D。
7．B
【详解】考查主语从句和时态。句意：政府已经解决了经济适用房问题，这反映了他们为所有公民提供无障碍生活选择的承诺。第一空引导主语从句，且从句中不缺少成分以及意义，应用that引导从句，置于句首，首字母大写，第二空作主句谓语，根据句中have addressed可知，主句描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，从句作主语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故选B。
8．D
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：真正重要的是一份合理的商业计划、获得资金的途径、良好的管理和谈判技巧。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，应用what。故选D。
9．A
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：在中国艺术节上，首先引起我注意的是一个令人叹为观止的中国瓷器展览中的一个15世纪的青花碗。此句中的空格处引导主语从句，作主语，表示“引起我注意的东西是什么”，所以应该用what。故选A。
10．C
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：给我印象最深的是那些残疾运动员尽力参加比赛。根据句子结构可知，此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，用连接代词what引导，意为“……的事”。故选C。
11．B 12．C 13．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四位女性在探索南极洲方面取得的成就。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段的“In 1969, geochemist Lois M. Jones led the first all-female research team from the U. S. to work in Antarctica. Jones and her team studied chemical weathering in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, an ice-free area of Antarctica.(1969年，地球化学家Lois M. Jones带领美国第一个全女性研究小组在南极洲工作。Jones 和她的团队研究了南极洲无冰地区麦克默多干谷的化学风化作用。)”和第三段的“She established and maintained 80-foot-tall radio towers in the Antarctic with her colleagues.(她和同事们在南极建立并维护了80英尺高的无线电发射塔。)”可知，Lois M. Jones领导了第一个在南极洲工作的美国全女性研究小组，Ginny Fiennes和她的同事们一起在南极洲建立和维护无线电发射塔。 由此可知，前两位先驱的共同之处在于她们都和自己的团队一起在南极洲工作。故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据第四段的“The 3,727-foot-tall peak on Antarctica’s Adelaide Island is named after Dame Jane Francis, who is the first female director of the British Antarctic Survey, the national polar research institute of the UK. Her collection of fossils on Seymour Island helped conclude in a 2021 paper that Antarctica’s abundant plant fossils indicate the continent once had a much warmer climate than it currently does.(这座位于南极洲阿德莱德岛上的3727英尺高的山峰是以Dame Jane Francis的名字命名的，她是英国南极调查局的第一位女性主任。她在西摩岛收集的化石帮助她在2021年的一篇论文中得出结论：南极洲丰富的植物化石表明，该大陆曾经有过比现在温暖得多的气候。)”可知，Dame Jane Francis根据在西摩岛收集的化石得出结论，南极洲曾经的气候比现在暖和得多，因此Dame Jane Francis证明了南极以前的高温。故选C。
13．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Peden and her team determined how very low frequency radio wave spread over long polar distances by measuring pathways in the ice. They also used varying radio wave frequencies to measure the thickness of Antarctica’s ice sheets.(Peden和她的团队通过测量冰中的路径来确定低频无线电波是如何在极长距离传播的。她们还使用不同的无线电波频率来测量南极洲冰盖的厚度。)”可知，Irene Peden利用无线电波得出南极洲冰盖的厚度。故选C。
14．D 15．C 16．A 17．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是一项新的气候模拟研究发现，整个撒哈拉沙漠的风能和太阳能发电厂可以增加该地区的降雨量，有利于植物的生长。
14．主旨大意题。根据第二段的“For one, there’s plenty of sunlight and plenty of wind over the sandy areas. It’s also close to Europe and the Middle East, which need great amounts of energy. What’s more, wind and solar power plants that cover about 9 million kilometers of the desert could provide about 3 terawatts (太瓦) and 79 terawatts of electricity separately. That would meet global energy needs several times over. (首先，沙质地区有充足的阳光和充足的风。它也靠近需要大量能源的欧洲和中东。此外，覆盖约900万公里沙漠的风能和太阳能发电厂可以分别提供约3太瓦和79太瓦的电力。这将满足全球能源需求的数倍。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是为什么撒哈拉沙漠是建造发电厂的理想之地。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段的“The researchers also tried to find out how such large power plants would affect the area’s climate and plants. It was found that temperatures would increase — which might sound difficult to understand in the desert — but this would also raise the amount of water in the air and double the amount of rainfall. (研究人员还试图找出这样的大型发电厂将如何影响该地区的气候和植物。人们发现气温会升高——这在沙漠中听起来可能很难理解——但这也会增加空气中的水量，使降雨量增加一倍。)”可知，根据这项研究，沙漠的温度将来会更高。故选C。
16．推理判断题。根据最后一段的“We found that the large-scale solar and wind power plants can bring more rainfall and help with plants’ growth in these areas. It’s great to think that instead of burning coal or oil and creating disastrous climate change, we could use clean energy to produce positive climate change and change a desert into a beautiful place with water and trees (我们发现，大型太阳能和风力发电厂可以带来更多的降雨，并有助于这些地区的植物生长。想想看，我们可以使用清洁能源，而不是燃烧煤炭或石油，造成灾难性的气候变化，从而产生积极的气候变化，把沙漠变成一个有水有树的美丽地方，这真是太棒了)”可知，Eugenia Kalnay对在撒哈拉沙漠建造大型风能和太阳能发电厂的看法是这是一个双赢的机会。故选A。
17．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“A new climate-modeling study has found that wind and solar power plants throughout the Sahara Desert (撒哈拉大沙漠) could increase rainfall across the area and benefit plants’ growth. (一项新的气候模拟研究发现，整个撒哈拉沙漠的风能和太阳能发电厂可以增加该地区的降雨量，有利于植物的生长。)”可知，本文主要讲的是整个撒哈拉沙漠的风能和太阳能发电厂可以增加该地区的降雨量，有利于植物的生长，因此本文最好的题目是B选项“Power plants could bring rains to the Sahara Desert (发电厂可以给撒哈拉沙漠带来雨水)”，故选B。
18．D 19．D 20．C 21．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了黄大年教授的生平事迹，特别是他在地球深部探测领域的贡献以及他对祖国科技发展的执着追求。
18．细节理解题。根据第一段“He once wrote that rejuvenating (使恢复活力) the Chinese nation was their generation’s responsibility.(他曾写道，复兴中华民族是他们这一代人的责任)”以及第二段“In 2008, he returned to China with great resolution. For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country.(2008年，他毅然决然地回到了中国。对他来说，无论他在国外有多成功，最大的满足感将是改善他的祖国)”可知，黄博士为了全心全意为祖国服务决定回国工作。故选D项。
19．推理判断题。根据第三段“Upon his return to China, he was entrusted to work at Jilin University as a professor and chief scientist in a branch of China’s biggest deep earth exploration program. Over 400 scientists participated in the program, which aimed to fix high-tech cameras on aircraft, ships, and satellites that would enable scientists to see through the earth’s crust (地壳) without digging into it.(回国后，他受命在吉林大学担任教授和首席科学家，参与中国最大的深地探测项目。超过400名科学家参与了这个项目，其目的是在飞机、船只和卫星上安装高科技摄像机，使科学家能够在不深入地壳的情况下看到地壳)”可知，深地探测计划的重点是帮助科学家探索地壳下的世界。故选D项。
20．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The lunatic’s madness paid off. He and his team helped China greatly narrow its gap with developed countries in obtaining precise data on deep earth exploration. They created a number of China’s No.1s, filling many technical gaps for China’s sky survey, ground detection, and sea exploration.(这个疯子的疯狂得到了回报。他和他的团队帮助中国大大缩小了与发达国家在获得地球深部探测精确数据方面的差距。他们创造了许多中国的no.1，填补了中国天空测量，地面探测和海洋探测的许多技术空白)”可知，黄和他的团队，他们在相关领域取得了许多第一。故选C项。
21．推理判断题。根据第一段“He once wrote that rejuvenating (使恢复活力) the Chinese nation was their generation’s responsibility.(他曾写道，复兴中华民族是他们这一代人的责任)”以及第二段“In 2008, he returned to China with great resolution. For him, no matter how successful he was abroad, the biggest satisfaction would be improving his home country.(2008年，他毅然决然地回到了中国。对他来说，无论他在国外有多成功，最大的满足感将是改善他的祖国)”和最后一段“During his whole life, he sought no fame, and always kept the motherland in mind. As a scientist, he fulfilled his dream of rejuvenating the nation with exceptional achievements.(他一生不求名利，一心想着祖国。作为一名科学家，他以卓越的成就实现了民族复兴的梦想)”可知，黄大年博士是忠诚和爱国的。故选A项。
22．A 23．D 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为了应对海平面上升对一些小岛屿和低洼海岸构成的威胁，韩国在釜山展示了世界上第一个可持续漂浮城市模型。同时文章对它的运营模式和基本构造进行了介绍。
22．细节理解题。根据第一段“In a response to the threat posed by rising sea levels, South Korea showed the world’s first model of sustainable floating city in Busan. (为了应对海平面上升带来的威胁，韩国在釜山展示了世界上第一个可持续漂浮城市模型。)”可知，韩国建造这座浮动城市的目的是应对海平面上涨带来的威胁。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The city will serve as the “world’s first model sustainable floating city” aiming to be “a structure that rises with the sea” supplying its own food, energy and water. (这座城市将成为“世界上第一个可持续漂浮城市的典范”，旨在成为“一个随海而起的结构”，为自己提供食物、能源和水。)”可知，它将是一座可持续发展城市，几乎可以自给自足。故选D项。
24．主旨大意题。根据第五自然段“…The interconnected neighborhoods spread across 6.3 hectares that can hold a community of12,000 people. Starting from a community of 3 platforms with 12,000 residents and visitors, it has the potential to expand to more than 20 platforms. The floating platforms have dozens of productive stations with photovoltaic panels and greenhouses that can expand and contract(收缩) over time based on the city’s needs. (……相互连接的社区占地6.3公顷，可容纳12000人。从一个拥有12000名居民和访客的3个平台社区开始，它有潜力扩展到20多个平台。浮动平台有几十个带光伏板和温室的生产站，这些生产站可以根据城市的需求随着时间的推移而扩展和收缩。)”可知，本段详细介绍这座浮动之城整体是怎样运行的。故选A项。
25．主旨大意题。根据第一段“In a response to the threat posed by rising sea levels, South Korea showed the world’s first model of sustainable floating city in Busan. (为了应对海平面上升带来的威胁，韩国在釜山展示了世界上第一个可持续漂浮城市模型。)”可知，本篇文章讲的是韩国即将出现一个漂浮的城市来应对不断增加的海水水位增长。D项“The first floating city is on the way. (第一个漂浮的城市正在路上)”最能概括本文主旨。故选D项。
26．G 27．D 28．A 29．C 30．E
【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了四位伟大女性发明家以及她们的发明创造。
26．前文“While it`s simple to name many famous male inventors, people might be hard-pressed to name some female inventors.(虽然说出许多著名的男性发明家的名字很容易，但人们可能很难说出一些女性发明家的名字。)”讲述人们很难说出一些女性发明家的名字，结合下文描述的几位伟大的女性和她们的成就可推断G项“然而，现代世界中一些广泛使用的技术背后是女性。”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。
27．后文“Back on a freezing winter’s day in 1902, Mary Anderson was traveling by tram through New York City. Snow was falling, forcing the driver to stop repeatedly and get out to clear it. Each time the door opened, Mary suffered a gust of wind. She had a sudden good idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade(刮片) that could be operated from inside the vehicle ( 1902年一个寒冷的冬日，玛丽·安德森(Mary Anderson)正乘坐有轨电车穿越纽约市。大雪纷飞，司机不得不多次停车，下车清理积雪。每次门一开，玛丽就感到一阵风。她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢 )”讲述玛丽·安德森发明挡风玻璃清洁的故事，因此推断D项“首先，是什么导致了挡风玻璃清洁剂的发明 ”符合语境，与下文的what’s more，lastly呼应。故选D。
28．前文“She had a sudden good idea: why not make some kind of a rubber blade(刮片) that could be operated from inside the vehicle (她突然有了一个好主意:为什么不做一种可以在车内操作的橡胶刮片呢 )”讲述玛丽想到了发明车内清洁挡风玻璃的主意，结合常识这种东西发明出来了，因此推断A项“那就是她做的”符合语境，故选A。
29．前文“What’s more, the dishwasher dates back even earlier to the 19th century and to the dinner parties held by a lady called Josephine Cochrane. As a frequent hostess, she wanted a machine that could wash dishes faster than humans.( 此外，洗碗机的历史可以追溯到更早的19世纪，一位名叫约瑟芬·科克伦(Josephine Cochrane)的女士举办的晚宴上。作为一个经常做女主人的人，她想要一台洗碗速度比人类快的机器。)”讲述约瑟芬·科克伦想要一台洗碗机，后文“And finally, she developed what was to become the first commercially successful dishwasher. Interestingly, innovation was in her blood: her grandfather had invented the steamboat.(最后，她发明了第一个商业上成功的洗碗机。有趣的是，她的血液中流淌着创新：她的祖父发明了汽船。)”讲述她发明了洗碗机，因此推断C项“作为回应，她进行了许多实验。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
30．前文“Lastly, one of the most important inventions of the 20th century must surely be the computer program. In today’s world of programming, men vastly outnumber women.( 最后，20世纪最重要的发明之一肯定是计算机程序。在当今的编程世界中，男性的数量远远超过女性。)”讲述计算机编程领域男性多，下文“Grace Hopper is credited with inventing the first compiler(编译程序) in 1952.(格蕾丝·霍珀于1952年发明了第一个编译器。)”讲述格蕾丝·霍珀发明了编译器，因此推断E项“但在20世纪40年代和50年代，女性在这个新领域处于领先地位。”符合语境，与前文是转折关系，承接下文。故选E。
31．B 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．A 38．D 39．B 40．C 41．C 42．C 43．A 44．D 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我国古代农业科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：中国早期科学家发现的许多智慧对今天的农民和园丁仍然有用。A. recovered恢复；B. discovered发现；C. reported报告；D. impressed使印象深刻。根据后文“by early Chinese scientists”可知，被中国早期科学家所发现的许多智慧如今是依旧有用的。故选B。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把时间花在研究农业上。A. research研究；B. theory理论；C. experiment实验；D. statistics数据。根据前文“One of China’ s early agricultural scientists was Jia Sixie”可知，贾思勰是我国古代的农业科学家，因此他把时间花在研究农业上。故选A。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他收集信息，研究它，做实验，并从农民的经验中学习。A. adventure冒险；B. experience经验；C. tradition传统；D. association组织。结合空格前“He collected information, studied it, did experiments”可知，他从农民的经验中学习。故选B。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这本书是关于农业和园艺的。A. nursing护理；B. producing生产；C. gardening园艺；D. trading贸易。由本文的标题“Farming and Gardening”和第一段第二句“Much of the wisdom ___1___by early Chinese scientists is still useful for farmers and gardeners today.”可知，这本书是关于农业和园艺的。故选C。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它包括以下学科的建议：种植绿色蔬菜和果树，以及饲养动物。A. programs项目；B. topics主题；C. events活动；D. subjects学科，主题。结合后文“growing green vegetables and fruit trees, and keeping animals.”可知，该书包括种植绿色蔬菜和果树，以及饲养动物不同类目的建议。故选D。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中的正确时间播种和种植幼苗，你的工作将会减少，结果将会更好。A. grow成长，生长；B. mix混合；C. drop下降；D. throw扔，投。根据后文的“young plants”可知，此处表示种植幼苗。故选A。
37．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一年中正确的时间在地里播种和、让幼苗成长，你的工作量就会减少，结果会更好。A. results结果；B. bonds联系；C. hopes希望；D. dreams梦想。根据前文“in the fields at the correct time of the year, your work will be less”可知，如果你在一年中正确的时间在地里播种和、让幼苗成长，你的工作量就会减少，结果会更好即收成更好。故选A。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：土壤的状况也非常重要。A. application应用；B. situation形势；C. combination组合；D. condition条件。结合后文的“Examine the soil on your farm”和下文“If the condition of your soil is not good”可知，此处强调土壤的状况/条件也非常重要。故选D。
39．考查副词词义辨析。句意：仔细地检查你农场的土壤。A. gently轻轻地；B. carefully仔细地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. frequently频繁地。根据前文的“Examine”可知，这里指出土壤状况很重要，因此要仔细地检查。故选B。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在播种或种植作物之前，必须清理粗糙的地面并清除杂草。A. loosen使宽松；B. relieve使缓解；C. remove移走；D. lower降低。根据“weeds.”可知，此处指在种植之前必须移除杂草。故选C。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的。A. surround包围；B. enhance增强；C. change改变，更换；D. improve改进。根据后文的“But if you plant rice in a field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will ___13___ good crops.”可知，第一年中种植大米第二年种植小麦，第二年的收成会更好，因此最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候。故选C。
42．考查固定短语辨析。句意：例如，不要年复一年在同一块地里种植水稻。A. one after another一个接一个；B. now and then时不时；C. years after year年复一年；D. here and there到处。根据前文“The best harvest is reached when farmers ___11___ the crops in their fields.”可知，最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的，因此不要年复一年的种植同一种作物。故选C。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是如果你今年在地里种水稻，明年种小麦，你就会收获好收成。A. harvest收获；B. collect收集；C. generate产生；D. plant种植。结合前文“The best harvest is reached when farmers ___11___ the crops in their fields.”和空格后“good crops”可知，最好的收成是在农民换种庄稼的时候获得的。如果你今年在地里种水稻，明年种小麦，你就会收获好收成。故选A。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该种植在植物之间的空间，但贾做了实验，结果表明，小麦种植在一起更好。A. layers层；B. patterns类型；C. balance均衡；D. space空间，平衡。结合“between the plants”和下文“planting wheat close together is better”可知，此处强调的是种植小麦时, 每一株之间要留有空间。故选D。
45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他科学家说，小麦应该在植株之间留出空间种植，但贾做了实验，表明紧密种植小麦效果更好。A. decided决定；B. bet打赌；C. intended打算；D. showed显示。根据后文的“that planting wheat close together was better.”可知，贾的实验表明紧密种植小麦效果更好。故选D。
46．B 47.D 48.A 49.C 50. B 51.A 52. D 53.D 54. B 55. C
56．engineering 57．functional 58．to give 59．closed 60．walks 61．the 62．favorites 63．as 64．which/that 65．richness
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。
56．考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。
57．考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
58．考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to give。
59．考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。
60．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。
61．考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
62．考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。
63．考查介词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
64．考查定语从句。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
65．考查名词。句意：这座温室是当代设计的巅峰之作，位于追溯丝绸之路的道路尽头，将中国西南的植物容纳其中，将这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英格兰，定义了英格兰园艺的丰富性。冠词修饰名词，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。
【点睛】
66．devote/evote
【详解】查动词。句意：你应该致力于研究如何保护野生动物。根据首字母提示和汉语意思可知，此处应填动词devote，构成短语devote yourself to doing sth.，意为“致力于做某事”。should后接动词原形。故填devote。
67．celebrities
【详解】考查名词。句意：报纸应该少关注媒体名人，多关注我们的民族英雄。根据汉语提示可知应用名词celebrity，根据后文heroes可知数量大于一应用复数形式。故填celebrities。
68．consumption/onsumption
【详解】考查名词。句意：在寒冷的天气里，天然气和石油的消耗量总是增加。空处作主语，结合首字母提示可知，“消耗，消费”应用名词consumption，不可数。故填consumption。
69．approve/pprove
【详解】考查动词。句意：如果你能批准我的申请并通知我面试情况，我将不胜感激。根据空前的情态动词could可知，此处要用动词“批准”的原形approve，故填approve。
70．ashamed/shamed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她对自己的失败感到羞愧，低下了头。根据中英文提示可知，填入ashamed“羞愧的”，形容词，作表语，故填ashamed。
71．embarrassed/mbarrassed
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当她被暗恋的男孩拒绝时，我注意到她尴尬的表情。根据中英文提示可知应用形容词embarrassed，说明人的心理活动，作定语修饰名词look。故填embarrassed。
72．ultimately/ltimately
【详解】考查副词。句意：这本由J. K. Rowling亲手写就、配有插图的书最终以195万英镑的价格售出，尽管之前的预期是5万英镑。动词sold需要副词修饰，结合中文提示“最后”和句首字母u，可知填副词ultimately，作状语。故填ultimately。
73．distinguish/istinguish
【详解】考查动词。句意：一些现代工作的灵活性使得很难区分工作和休闲时间。根据中英文提示可知应用动词distinguish，此处为make it adj. to do sth.，不定式作真正宾语。故填distinguish。
74．expands
【详解】考查动词。句意：孩子的词汇量通过阅读而扩大。“扩大”为expand，vocabulary 作指“某种特定的词汇量 ”时，是不可数名词，且该句描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，谓语用单数形式。所以填expands。
75．boosts/oosts
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：每天都要花几个小时编辑我的自拍照，发布它们，并热切地查看手机，因为每一个“赞”都会增强我的信心。分析文意可知，这里需要动词boost，意为“增强”，作谓语，这句话描述的是现在的事情，谓语用一般现在时，主语是 each “like”，谓语用第三人称单数。故填boosts。
76．appealing to
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：迪斯尼乐园提供各种吸引儿童和成人的活动。根据汉语提示可知，appeal to“吸引”，和activities之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作后置定语，故填appealing to。
77．accompany me/keep me company
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我爸爸工作很忙，但他总能找到时间陪我。“陪伴某人”表达为accompany sb./keep pany，time后接不定式形式作后置定语，空前to为不定式符号，其后动词用原形，宾语“我”用me表达。故填accompany me/keep me company。
78． the move
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：冬天来了，大多数鸟都向南方迁徙。根据汉语提示“在行进中”，前面是be 动词，所以考查固定短语be on the move，翻译为“正在行进中，移动中，迁徙中”。故填on the move.
79．made inferences
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：在上节历史课上，我们根据现有的文献对战争的起因进行了推断。结合“about the cause of the war”可知，“推断”应用动词短语make inferences，make inferences about意为“对……做出推断”，再结合“In the last history class”可知，句子叙述过去发生的事，时态应用一般过去时，make应用过去式的形式。故填made inferences。
80．broke down
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：团队的努力打破了隔阂，增进了成员之间的理解。结合“barriers”可知，“打破”应用动词短语break down，再结合“led”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，break应用过去式的形式。故填broke down。
.buffeting 82. whether 83..where 84. watch 85.or 86.sweat 87.However 88. Being 89.blessed 90.breathing 91.both 92.interactions 93.what 94.but 95. as 96. scientists 97. farmer
98. land 99. that 100.devoted
85．参考范文
写作思路分析
从原文可知，这一天正在举办越野赛，参赛选手是来自七所小学的学生。其中一名学生David患有脑部疾病，走路和跑步和其他学生不太一样。同学校的学生们和他相处很和谐，并不觉得他有什么不一样的。因此，David很自然地报名参加了比赛。但是，David害怕来自其他学校的同学嘲笑他，在比赛开始之前犹豫了。主人公作为学校的特殊教育老师，清楚地知道David面对的挑战。
根据给出的第一段首句，We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. 可知，我们坐在一起，但是David并没有看我。由此可见，David此刻很煎熬。这一段可以描写，主人公对David心情的理解，用语言安慰和鼓励David，最终David态度的变化。
根据给出的第二段首句，I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners.可知，David来到了起跑线上，准备和其他同学一起参赛。上一段最后的情节需要和第二段首句呼应，描写David战胜了自己，改变了主意，决定继续参赛。第二段需要描写David跑步时场景，David的努力，观众们的反应，比赛最终的结果，David的心情，主人公的心情。
参考范文
We sat down next to each other, but David wouldn’t look at me. He hung his head, trying to avoid eye contact with me. It was a tricky棘手的 moment, calling for a good choice of words. Having thought it over认真考虑, I mentioned some events which won people’s praise for his determination and perseverance. His face began to lighten变得高兴. He added that even the judges thumbed up at him. The whistle went off and the competitors began to take their places就位. To my joy, David slowly rose to his feet.
I watched as David moved up to the starting line with the other runners. David stood firmly in his position, ignoring anything around. Pushing forward without balance, he was left behind. However, when he came into sight, the spectators观众 burst into thunderous cheers and applause. Inspired by the enthusiasm and encouragement, David quickened his pace in high spirits. It turned out that he achieved his best record ever. Seeing his confident smiles, I sighed in relief. With the power to conquer himself, he can conquer anything on the way to a promising future.

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