资源简介 仁爱英语八年级下册Unit 5 Topic 3单词拓展Unit 5 Topic 31. test test(可数名词),意为“测验,测试”。e.g. have a test 进行测验,考查,试验2. nervous nervous(形容词),意为“焦虑的,惶恐的;神经质的”。3. speech speech(可数名词),意为“演讲”。speak的名词形式。e.g. give/make a speech 演讲,作报告4. relaxed relaxed(形容词),意为“冷静的,镇定的”。动词形式为relax,意为“放松”。常用短语为:be relaxed about 意为“对......感到放松/随意”。e.g. We are relaxed about our breakfast. 我们对早餐比较随意。 Try to relax yourself. 试着放松你自己。【辨析】relaxed与relaxing① relaxed意为“放松的,感到放松的”,常作表语,主语通常是人。② relaxing意为“令人放松的”,可作定语或表语,常用来修饰物。e.g. I feel really relaxed after the relaxing vacation. 经过这次令人放松的假期,我感到非常轻松。5. rich rich(形容词),意为“油腻的;丰富的;富有的”。可指人很有钱,也可指物很奢华。e.g. He came from a rich family. 他出身富裕家庭。6. sick sick(形容词),意为“生病的,有病的”。既可作表语,也可作定语。作表语时be sick = be ill。e.g. I didn't go to school yesterday because I was sick. I didn't go to school yesterday because I was ill. 昨天我没有去学校,因为我病了。【拓展】① sick意为“恶心的”。e.g. I want to get off the bus. I feel a little sick. 我想下车。我感到有点儿恶心。② sick意为“厌倦的”,常用短语为be sick of。e.g. I am sick of going shopping. 我厌倦购物。【辨析】sick与ill① sick既可作表语,也可作定语。② ill只能作表语。e.g. Lucy's mother is sick/ill in hospital. She will visit her sick mother after school. 露西的妈妈生病住院了。放学后她要去看望生病的妈妈。7. affect affect(动词),意为“影响;改变”。其形容词形式为affective,“感情的”;名词形式为affection,“喜爱;钟爱”。e.g. The pay increase will greatly affect their lifestyle. 薪水增长会对他们的生活方式带来很大的影响。【拓展】effect一般情况下用作名词,也可用作动词。作为可数名词,它意为“影响;结果”。affect = have an effect on 意为“对......有影响”。e.g. The pay increase will have an effect on their lifestyle. 薪水增长会对他们的生活方式带来很大的影响。8. confident confident(形容词),意为“自信的,有信心的”。【拓展】confidence(名词),意为“信任;信心”。9. mood mood(名词),意为“心情;情绪”。e.g. in a good mood 处于好心情之中10. proud proud(形容词),意为“自豪的,骄傲的”。常用短语为: be proud of“以......为骄傲”。相当于take pride in。e.g. I am proud of you. 我以你为骄傲。【拓展】be the pride of 意为“是......的骄傲”。pride(名词),意为“骄傲”。e.g. You are the pride of me. 你是我的骄傲。11. anyway anyway(副词),意为“尽管,即使这样”。e.g. Anyway,it's worth trying. 不管怎样,值得一试。 The water was cold but he took a shower anyway. 水很冷,不过他还是冲了个淋浴。【拓展】anyway还意为“而且;加之”。e.g. The coat is too expensive and anyway I don't like the color. 这件外套太贵了,而且我不喜欢那颜色。12. ready ready(形容词),意为“准备好的”。常用短语为: get/be ready for ...“为......做准备”。e.g. Let's get/be ready for the final exam. 让我们为期末考试做准备吧!13. passport passport(可数名词),意为“护照”。14. boss boss(可数名词),意为“老板;领班”。15. grandson grandson(可数名词),意为“孙子;外孙”。【拓展】granddaughter(可数名词),意为“孙女;外孙女”。 grandparents(可数名词),意为“(外)祖父母”。 grandmother(可数名词),意为“(外)祖母”。 grandfather(可数名词),意为“(外)祖父”。16. environment environment(可数名词),意为“环境”。【拓展】environmental(形容词),意为“环境的;与环境有关的”。17. especially especially(副词),意为“特别;尤其;专门”。在句中作状语,用于列举某个特例或某事物的特殊性。其形容词形式为:especial,意为“特别的;特殊的”。e.g. Flowers are always welcomed,especially in winter. 鲜花总是受到欢迎,尤其在冬天。【拓展】① special(可数名词),意为“特别的东西,特殊的事物”,还可意为“特价品”。e.g. Special 1 is my favorite. 1号特色菜是我最喜爱的。 I have some great specials. 我们有一些很好的特价品。② special可用作形容词,意为“特别的;特殊的”。其副词形式是specially,意为“特别地”。e.g. It’s a special day today. 今天是个特别的日子。③ 与special相关的短语:a special train专列 a special hospital专科医院 special education特殊教育【辨析】especially与specially表“特别”① especially意为“特别,尤其”,着重在“尤其”。e.g. I am very busy,especially on Sundays. 我很忙,尤其是在星期天。② specially意为“特别地,专门地”,着重在“专门地”。e.g. The cake was specially made for you. 这个蛋糕是专门为你做的。(在现代英语中,尤其是在口语中,两者在使用上的差别日趋缩小。)18. fill fill(动词),意为“充满,装满”。常用短语为: fill ... with ...意为“用......填充......”。 be filled with ... 意为“......被......填满”。e.g. The boy filled the bottle with sand. 那个男孩用沙子把瓶子装满了。 The bottle is filled with sand. 这个瓶子被沙子填满了。【拓展】full(形容词),意为“满的”,常用短语为: be full of ... 意为“......被......填满”,相当于be filled with ...。e.g. The bottle is full of sand. 这个瓶子被沙子填满了。19. trouble trouble(不可数名词),意为“问题;麻烦;苦恼”。e.g. What's the trouble with you? 你怎么了? The less trouble,the better. 多一事不如少一事。【拓展】① trouble的常用短语: be in trouble 处于困境中 get into trouble陷入困境,造成麻烦 have trouble(in)doing sth. 做某事有困难② trouble(动词),意为“使苦恼;打扰”。e.g. I am sorry to trouble you. 对不起,打扰你了。20. loud loud(形容词),意为“大声的,响亮的”;(副词),意为“大声地”。【辨析】aloud,loud与loudly这三个词都与“大声”有关,具体用法如下表:aloud 副词 意为“大声地” 与call,shout,cry等词连用 Please read the text aloud. 请朗读一下课文。意为“出声地” 与read等连用loud 形容词 意为“大声的” 可作定语或表语 The music is too loud. Please turn it down. 这音乐太吵了,请把声音调低些。副词 意为“响亮地,高声地” 与talk,speak,sing,laugh等连用 Speak loud,or no one will hear you. 大声说,否则能人能听见你(说话)。loudly 副词 意为“高声地”,含有“喧闹”的意味 与knock,ring等连用 Suddenly the bell on the wall rang loudly. 突然,墙上的铃大声地响了起来。21. noise noise(名词),意为“声音,响声,噪音,吵闹声”。其形容词形式为noisy,意为“喧闹的”。常用短语为:make a noise或make noises,意为“制造噪音”。【辨析】noise,sound与voicenoise 意为“噪音,喧闹声”,常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声 Please don't make noises in class. 请不要在课堂上制造噪音。sound 泛指各种声音 Light travels much faster than sound. 光的传播速度比声音快得多。voice 一般指人的声音,如说话声、歌声、谈笑声等。voice有时可指鸟叫声 The girl has a beautiful voice. 那个女孩嗓音很美。22. spirit spirit(名词),意为“情绪,心境;精神”。常用短语为:in high(low)spirits情绪高涨(低落)23. silent silent(形容词),意为“不说话的,沉默的”。常用短语为: keep silent意为“保持沉默” remain silent意为“保持沉默”【拓展】① silence名词,意为“沉默;寂寞”。② 以-t结尾的形容词,变名词为-ce的有:confident(有信心的)--confidence(信心)different(不同的)--difference(差别)important(重要的)--importance(重要性)patient(有耐心的)--patience(耐心)24. think over think over仔细考虑【拓展】关于think的短语: think about考虑 think of想起来;考虑【注意】① 当think of意为“想起,想到”时,不能与think about互换。e.g. I can't think of your name. 我想不起你的名字了。② 当think of意为“考虑;对......有某种看法”时,可与think about互换。e.g. What do you think of/about Animal World? 你认为《动物世界》怎么样?【拓展】关于over:① over表示“在......之上”,与物体垂直且不接触,反义词为under。e.g. There is a map over the blackboard. 黑板正上方有一副地图。② over表示“通过”。e.g. I hear the news over the radio. 我通过收音机听新闻。③ over表示“遍及”。e.g. I want to travel all over the world. 我想环游世界。关于over的短语:all over到处 run over略读,浏览 go over复习 get over克服knock over撞倒,撞翻 come over过来,顺便拜访over and over再三 look over检查,查看take over接管,接办 be over结束 push over推倒,刮倒25. decision decision(可数名词),意为“决定;决心”。其动词形式为decide,意为“决定”。常用短语为:make one's own decision = make a decision for oneself,意为“某人自己做决定”decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”。相当于make a decision to do sth.e.g. Teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions. = Teenagers should be allowed to make decisions for themselves. 应该允许青少年自己做决定。 He made a decision to go abroad. = He decided to go abroad. 他决定出国。26. sense sense(名词),意为“感觉,意识”。其后常接介词of。e.g. When you touch ice,you have a sense of coldness. 当你抹冰的时候,你会有冷的感觉。 She has no sense of business. 她没有经商意识。【拓展】sense(动词),意为“感觉到;意识到”。e.g. She sensed danger and stopped. 他意识到了危险,停了下来。27. relaxing relaxing(形容词),意为“轻松的”。Review of Unit 51. fantastic fantastic(形容词),意为“极好的,了不起的”。【拓展】fantasy(名词),意为“梦想;幻想”。2. disappointment disappointment(名词),意为“失望;沮丧;扫兴”。【拓展】disappoint(动词),意为“使失望”,相当于let ... down。 disappointed(形容词),意为“失望的” disappointing(形容词),意为“令人失望的”3. soft soft(形容词),意为“轻柔的;柔软的”。其副词形式为softly,意为“柔软地”,反义词是hard,意为“坚硬的”。4. be in trouble be in trouble有麻烦,处于困境5. fear fear(动词),意为“害怕;惧怕”,其后可接名词、动名词、动词不定式或从句作宾语。后接动名词形式表示习惯性动作;后接不定式表示某次具体的动作。e.g. He fears cats. 他怕猫。 He fears to tell me the reasons for being late. 他害怕告诉我迟到的原因。 The shy girl fears looking up at at others. 这个害羞的女孩害怕抬头看别人。【拓展】fear(名词),意为“害怕,恐惧”。e.g. His eyes show no fear. 他的眼神中无丝毫畏惧。6. difficulty difficulty(可数名词),意为“困难,难题,困境”。其形容词形式为difficult,意为“困难的”。e.g. He met with many difficulties when traveling. 他在旅行中遇到了许多困难。【拓展】difficulty表示抽象意义上的“困难”时,是不可数名词,have difficulty(in)doing sth. 意为“在做某事上有困难”。e.g. I have great difficulty(in)finishing the task. 完成这项任务我觉得很困难。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览