资源简介 仁爱英语八年级上册Unit 1 语法宝典Unit 1I. 一般将来时II. 表示请求和建议III. 道歉和应答I. 一般将来时1. 含义一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或状态。常用的时间状语有:tomorrow,next week/ month/ year, soon, in a week等。2. 构成(1)肯定句主语+be(am,is,are)+going to+动词原形+其他主语+will/shall(shall用于第一人称)+动词原形+其他如:We are going to visit the zoo next Sunday. 下星期天我们打算参观动物园。The rain will stop soon. 雨快要停了。(2)否定句主语+be+not+going to+ 动词原形+其他主语+will/shall+not+动词原形+其他如:They aren’t going to play football tomorrow. 明天他们不打算踢足球了。It won’t be rainy this afternoon. 今天下午不会下雨。(3)一般疑问句Be+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?Will/Shall+主语+动词原形+其他?如:Are you going to meet outside the school gate? 我们在学校门口见面好吗?Will he come back next week? 下周他会回来吗?3. 区分由“be going to+动词原形”构成的句子,表示打算、计划、愿意做某事。由“助动词will/shall+动词原形”构成的句子表示对未来事实或对将来的预测。在美式英语中,所有人称都用will,但在疑问句中,主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。如:What are you going to do tomorrow morning? 明天上午你打算干什么?I am going to play soccer. 我打算踢足球。Is David going to play basketball this afternoon 今天下午戴维打算去打篮球吗?No,he isn’t going to play basketball this afternoon. 不,他不打算打篮球。What time will the game begin? 这场比赛几点开始?Shall I take my camera? 我要带相机吗?4. will表示意愿I will...表示愿意、自愿去干某事。What will you do...?用来询问对方要做什么?如:I’ll tell them. 我会告诉他们。I won’t do it again. 我再也不会这样做了。巧学妙记will表将来的用法口诀动词一般将来时,表示将要发生事;谓语动词请记清,助动词will+动词原形;时间状语表将来,一般情况离不开;若要变成疑问句,will提在主语前;否定句更简单,will后边not添。5. 现在进行时表将来。表示位置移动的动词go,come,start,leave,begin,return,stop等,可以用现在进行时表示将要发生的事。如:Are you leaving tomorrow? 明天你要动身吗?She is coming to see you this afternoon. 她今天下午要来看你。6. 一般现在时表将来。(1)表示按计划要发生的事。 The train arrives at 6:00. 火车六点到站。 (2)在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的动作或状态。 If it is fine tomorrow,we’ll go to the Great Wall. 如果明天天气好,我们就去长城。 When he comes, I’ll tell him about it. 他一来我就把这个事情告诉他。7. “be about to+动词原形”表示“即将做”或“马上做”的意思。 He is about to leave. 他马上要动身了。8. There be句型表将来的结构。 (1)肯定句 There will be.../ There is going to be... 如: There will be / There is going to be a stamp collection show next week. 下周将举行一次集邮展。 (2)否定句 There won’t be/ There isn’t going to be concert this evening. 今晚没有演唱会。 (3)一般疑问句 Will there be.../ Is there going to be... Will there/ Is there going to be a football match next month 下个月有一场足球赛吗?What will you do at the weekend? 周末你要做什么?II. 表示请求和建议1. Could you please...?意为“请...好吗?”please后用动词原形,用来向别人委婉地提出请求和建议。 Could you please...? 请问你能...吗? Yes. / Sure. / Certainly. /OK. / All right! (肯定) 是的。/ 当然。/ 好的。/ 好吧! I’m sorry, I’m afraid not. / I’m afraid I can’t. (否定) 对不起,我恐怕不能。2. Would you mind...? 意为“你同意/ 不反对/ 不介意...吧?”相当于Do you mind...? mind后接名词、代词或动名词形式。也用来表示请求和建议。如:Would you mind / Do you mind giving me a hand? 你介意帮我吗?Would you mind passing me some water? 你介意给我一些水吗?No, of course not. / Certainly not. / Not at all. (肯定)不,当然不。/ 当然不。/ 根本不。I’m sorry, but.../ I’m afraid I can’t. (否定)对不起,但.../ 恐怕我不能。此外,表达请求和建议的句式常用的还有:How about/ What about...?Why not...?Why don’t you...?如:How about/ What about flying a kite with me? 和我一起放风筝怎么样?Why not do some cleaning? 为什么不打扫卫生呢?Why don’t you put on your coat? 你为什么不穿上外套呢?温馨提示通常加v.-ing的句式有:Would you mind(+形容词性物主代词)...?How about...?What about...?通常用动词原形的句式有:Why not...?Why don’t you...?Could you please...?Would you please...?III. 道歉和应答be sorry for sth.,be sorry about sth.,be sorry to do sth.和be sorry+that从句都可用来表达歉意,回答时可以用That’s OK.(没关系)/ It doesn’t matter./ It’s nothing./ Never mind.(别介意)等。具体结构如下:be sorry for sth./ about+v.-ing/ n.be sorry to +do sth.be sorry + that从句如:I’m sorry for/ about being late again. 我为我再次迟到感到抱歉。I’m sorry to interrupt you. 对不起,打扰你了。I’m sorry I’m late for class. 对不起,我上课迟到了。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览