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江苏省连云港市灌南县惠泽高级中学2023-2024学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷总分：150分）
一、听力选择题（本大题共20小题，共30分）
1．How will the woman deal with her bicycle
A．She will leave it in the apartment.
B．She will give it to the man for free.
C．She will sell it to the man at a low price.
2．What is the relationship between the speakers
A．Lawyer and client. B．Boss and worker. C．Colleagues.
3．Why is the woman upset
A．She can’t move into a new office.
B．Her project is very much behind schedule.
C．There is too much noise from the construction.
4．Why do so many teenagers show up
A．To see their fans. B．To attend a concert. C．To report an event.
5．How did the woman get the tea set
A．She bought it from China.
B．A friend gave it to her as a gift.
C．It was passed down to her by her family.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Where does the conversation probably take place
A．In a hospital.
B．At the accident spot.
C．At the woman’s home.
7．What can we know about the woman
A．Her car broke down halfway.
B．She was injured in an accident.
C．She was nearly killed by the tree，
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．How does the woman feel about the exam this time
A．Worried. B．Confident. C．Tired.
9．What do we know about the woman
A．She took the man's advice.
B．She did badly in the last exam.
C．She won't watch films of the books.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
10．When did the speaker forget the next day's math test because of a game
A．In the 8th grade. B．In the 9th grade. C．In the 10th grade.
11．Who made the speaker more determined to change
A．His parents. B．His brother. C．His tutor.
12．What probably happened to the speaker at the end of high school
A．He got a computer programming job.
B．He became a private tutor
C．He got an acceptance letter to MIT.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．Why did Maria go to the Oxford Street
A．To meet Jason.
B．To watch a play.
C．To do some shopping.
14．What does Susan Hill do
A．She’s an actress. B．She’s a street artist. C．She’s a salesperson.
15．What did Susan Hill give Maria
A．A ring. B．A ticket. C．A￡50 note.
16．What will Jason probably do
A．Go with Maria. B．See his friends. C．Host a dinner.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．What did Clara do during the Civil War
A．She joined the army. B．She urged to stop the war. C．She helped the wounded.
18．What did Clara do after the Civil War
A．She collected money to help the wounded.
B．She considered setting up the American Red Cross.
C．She led a group to search for missing soldiers.
19．When did Clara return from Switzerland
A．In 1869. B．In 1873. C．In 1881.
20．How long did Clara serve as the American Red Cross’s president
A．Over 20 years. B．About 12 years. C．Over 4 years.
二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30分）
Art Museum, CUHK
A unit of the Institute of Chinese Studies in the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), the Art Museum researches and displays a wide range of works of art. Exhibitions on Chinese art are held all year round.
Address: Art Museum, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Sha Tin, New Territories
Tel: +852 3943 7416
How to get there: MTR (香港地铁) University Station and take CUHK shuttle bus to Central Campus.
Hong Kong Arts Centre
Hong Kong Arts Centre has been focusing on contemporary arts and culture in Hong Kong and abroad since it was founded in 1977. It includes theatres, galleries, studios, a restaurant, a café as well as offices owned by local and international arts and culture organizations.
Address: 2 Harbor Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong Island
Tel: +852 2582 0200
How to get there: MTR Wan Chai Station Exit C, go straight to Harbor Road. Turn left to the Arts Centre.
Hong Kong Film Archive
Come here to be absorbed in the magic of Hong Kong’s splendid cinema history. Film lovers should be careful—you might never get out of the Resource Centre, which houses an enormous number of books, magazines, newspapers and audio-visual materials.
Address: 50 Lei King Road, Sai Wan Ho, Hong Kong Island
Tel: +852 2739 2139
How to get there: MTR Sai Wan Ho Station Exit A, walk through Tai Hong Street to Lei King Road for five minutes.
University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU
The University Museum & Art Gallery, in the University of Hong Kong (HKU), focuses on artistic and cultural experiences that are available to people from all walks of life. The museum houses over one thousand items of Chinese antiques, including bronzes and paintings.
Address: 90 Bonham Road, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Island
Tel: +852 2241 5500
How to get there: MTR HKU Station Exit A．
21．Which of the following galleries does NOT locate in Hong Kong Island
A．University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU. B．Hong Kong Arts Centre.
C．Hong Kong Film Archive. D．Art Museum, CUHK.
22．If you are looking for a book on Hong Kong film, which phone number will you call
A．+852 2241 5500. B．+852 2739 2139.
C．+852 2582 0200. D．+852 3943 7416.
23．What do we know about University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU
A．Visitors can find it on 90 Lei King Road.
B．It’s a good place to visit for traditional Chinese painting lovers.
C．Visitors can get there at University Station by subway.
D．It mainly focuses on contemporary arts and culture.
Mom and I were about to finish cooking dinner, and my little niece Jessica came in to set the table. Instead of going to the dish drawer, she went to the pantry where there was a stack of old, mismatched dinner plates on the bottom shelf.
Mom worked for the local Council on Aging as a housekeeper. She did many of the little things that allowed elderly people to stay in their own homes. Most of her clients (客户) got Meals on Wheels, a service in the 1970s. They received a hot lunch and a cold snack to have later in the evening. This is really not very much food. Every evening Mom would make to-go meals on these mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil (铝箔纸), and then deliver them to the people who she knew didn’t get enough to eat.
It was about ten years before microwave ovens became common, so it was important that the food be on a plate that could be reheated in a regular oven. Instead of a cold sandwich and macaroni salad, Mom’s clients dined on Beef Manhattans, pan-fried chicken or meatloaf, along with veggies and a piece of pie or cake. Mom and Dad did this even after Mom left her job, and Mom continued after Dad’s death until all her former clients had either passed away or moved out.
When I was cleaning out Mom’s house after her death, I kept one as a souvenir (纪念品). Whenever I look at it, I will always remember the lessons of unselfishness and caring for one’s neighbors that were modeled for me by my parents.
24．What did the author’s mother do to earn a living in the 1970s
A．She was a housewife. B．She ran Meals on Wheels.
C．She delivered food to houses. D．She did housework for the old.
25．Why did the author’s mother make to-go meals
A．It was her job. B．She was good at cooking.
C．She wanted to help beyond her duty. D．Her family didn’t have enough to eat.
26．Which of the following can best describe the author’s mother
A．Kind and considerate. B．Thoughtful and creative.
C．Responsible and proud. D．Traditional and hardworking.
27．What can be inferred about the writer in the future
A．She would sell out all her mother’s old plates.
B．She would do nice things for her community.
C．She would run a restaurant for the homeless.
D．She would become a client in the Meals on Wheels.
Dogs have complex emotions such as jealousy (嫉妒) and pride, according to a scientific research that throws new light on their relations with humans.
Animal psychologists previously believed most animals lacked the “sense of self”, which is needed to experience secondary emotions such as jealousy, embarrassment or guilt. These emotions are more complex than instant reactions such as anger or joy.
Professor Friederike Range, from the University of Vienna, has shown that dogs are jealous when they feel unfairly treated compared with other dogs. “Dogs show a strong reaction to inequity (不公平),” she said. “If one dog gets something, you’d better believe another will demand something as well.”
But, her study points out that it doesn’t matter if one gets a better treat and only that the distribution is fair.
The dog study is the latest into several species, including cows, horses, cats and sheep, which have shown that animals are far more self-aware than they were thought. Paul Morris, a psychologist at the University of Portsmouth who studies animal emotions, told The Sunday Times, “We are learning that dogs and horses are far more emotionally complex than we ever realized. They can suffer simple forms of many feelings we once thought only primates (灵长类) could experience.”
In research among dog owners, Morris found almost all of them reported jealous behavior by their pets. The dog often tried to get their owner away from a new lover in the early days of a relationship.
Behavior experts suggest owners keep their dogs away as much as possible from a new partner or child. This helps to prevent jealous activity of the dog such as interruptions with barking or whining (哀号).
28．What’s the best title for this passage
A．Animals Have Complex Feelings
B．A New Research
C．How to Prevent Jealous Activity from a Dog
D．Dogs Can Be Jealous
29．What can we learn from the second paragraph
A．Only advanced animals have complex feelings.
B．Most animals lack the sense of self.
C．Experts used to believe that most animals lack complex emotions.
D．The best way to prevent jealousy is to treat all the animals fairly.
30．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true
A．The owner of the dog can do what he likes without considering the feeling of dogs.
B．We have already realized that animals are self-aware.
C．Dogs will get jealous if they find they are treated unfairly.
D．The best way to prevent dogs’ jealous activity is to give whatever they like to eat.
31．What does the underlined word “complex” in the second paragraph mean
A．Complicated. B．Difficult. C．Easy. D．Positive.
Despite all the efforts students make to graduate with a science major, research has shown that most college science courses provide students with only a fragmented (碎片化的) understanding of fundamental scientific concepts. The teaching method improves memorization of separate facts, proceeding from one textbook chapter to the next without necessarily making connections between them.
With that in mind, we developed a series of cross-disciplinary (跨学科的) activities. In our most recent study, we investigated how well college students could use their chemistry knowledge to explain real-world biological phenomena. To begin with, we interviewed 28 college students majoring in sciences or engineering. All had taken both introductory chemistry and biology courses. We asked them to identify connections between the content of these courses and what they believed to be the take-home messages from each course. The students responded with extensive lists of topics, concepts, and skills that they’d learned in class.
Following that, a set of cross-disciplinary activities were designed to guide students in the use of core chemistry ideas and knowledge to help explain real-world biological phenomena. One activity explored the impacts of ocean acidification (酸化) on seashells. Here, the students were asked to use basic chemistry ideas to explain how the increasing level of carbon dioxide in sea water is affecting shell-building marine animals such as corals and oysters.
Overall, the students felt confident of their chemistry knowledge. However, they had a harder time applying the same chemistry knowledge. The students in our study also reported that these activities helped them see links between the two disciplines that they wouldn’t have perceived otherwise. The ability to make these connections is important beyond the classroom as well, because it’s the basis of science literacy (素养). So we also came away with evidence that our chemistry students at least would like to have the ability to have a deeper understanding of science and how to apply it.
32．What does the present science education fail to do according to the research
A．Extending students’ theoretical knowledge.
B．Involving students in more hands-on activities.
C．Encouraging students to enjoy the learning process.
D．Helping students make cross-disciplinary connections.
33．What can we learn about the student interviewees
A．They have rich academic knowledge.
B．They pay little attention to biology courses.
C．They hardly identify the core ideas of science.
D．They fully understand the importance of their majors.
34．What should students do in the ocean acidification activity
A．Analysing the exact composition of sea water.
B．Studying some unusual phenomena under the sea.
C．Coming up with practical methods to protect marine life.
D．Explaining the effects of carbon dioxide on certain sea animals.
35．What does the author see from the result of the study
A．The challenges existed in chemistry courses.
B．The need to remove the unfairness in education.
C．The potential to promote students’ science literacy.
D．The method of increasing students’ practical skills.
三、七选五（本大题共5小题，共10分）
Five tips for safe running
We all know that exercise is good for our health. But some kinds of exercise may be better than others. Running, for example, may help to protect against heart disease and other health problems.
Running is good exercise, but it can be hard on the body. 36
Take it easy. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Most people get running injuries (受伤) when they push themselves too bad. The body needs time to get used to increase in distance or speed. 37
Listen to your body. Most running injuries do not come unexpectedly (意外地). 38
They may include body aches, sore muscles (肌肉) and pain that does not go away.
39 There is no single best shoe for every runner. You should find the shoe that offers the best fit and support for your feet. More importantly, you should replace your shoes every 500 to 800 kilometers.
Take good notes. Take time after each run to write down what you did and how you felt. Look for patterns, things that happen over again. These notes will help you find the best exercise for you.
Cross train. As we said earlier, running is hard on your body. So physical fitness experts suggest some form of cross training to improve muscle balance and to help you stay injury free. They say, besides running, swimming, yoga, and riding a bicycle are good exercises. 40
A．Get good running shoes.
B．Here are five ideas to reduce the risk of injury.
C．Muscles and joints (关节) need time to recover.
D．Running may also help you live longer
E．These exercises are easier on the body.
F．Usually, there are warning signs.
G．As advertisements for the running shoe Nike say, “just do it.”
四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共30分）
Pangolins (穿山甲) are the world’s most heavily poached (偷猎) mammal. And three out of four Asian pangolin species are critically 41 now — heavy demands for their meat, scales, and blood have 42 them with extinction.
Growing up near Cue Phuong National Park in Vietnam’s Red River Delta, Thai Van Nguyen had been accustomed to seeing dead pangolins. 43 , everything changed when he witnessed his neighbor killing a baby pangolin. It was then that his 44 to save pangolins was ignited. And he knew the biggest 45 would be shifting the mindset and habits of the Vietnamese people.
To change the fate of the pangolins, Nguyen set out to 46 the public on the importance of pangolin conservation. His efforts 47 a series of outreach and education campaigns: he published research in peer-reviewed journals, attended international workshops, and developed Vietnam’s first reintroduction and tracking programme for pangolins.
Then Nguyen founded Vietnam’s first Asian Pangolin Rehabilitation Center. So far it has managed to 48 and release nearly 500 pangolins and has 49 to rescue other species like turtles.
In 2018, Nguyen 50 his work, creating Vietnam’s first-ever anti-poaching unit, which has destroyed 9,701 animal traps, and arrested 558 people for poaching — leading to a significant 51 in illegal activities in Vietnam.
Nguyen devotes his life to 52 pangolins, bringing global awareness of pangolins’ 53 . He hopes his deeds will bring pangolins back to their rightful place in the forest. “It’s my greatest joy that I can really make a 54 ,” he said. And it is this devotion that 55 won him the Goldman Environmental Prize for grassroots activism in 2021.
41．A．significant B．endangered C．valuable D．dangerous
42．A．threatened B．associated C．matched D．compared
43．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Nevertheless D．Moreover
44．A．potential B．courage C．ability D．passion
45．A．possibility B．challenge C．goal D．risk
46．A．instruct B．consult C．serve D．prepare
47．A．applied to B．counted on C．took up D．began with
48．A．trap B．farm C．restore D．relieve
49．A．expanded B．reduced C．hurried D．turned
50．A．scheduled B．continued C．suspended D．developed
51．A．advance B．result C．revival D．decline
52．A．seeking B．raising C．freeing D．studying
53．A．sufferings B．contributions C．sacrifices D．experiences
54．A．fortune B．difference C．living D．choice
55．A．particularly B．primarily C．naturally D．eventually
五、语法填空（本大题共10小题，共10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“A heavy ion (离子) cancer treatment system developed by Chinese researchers will soon be put into 56 (operate) in northwest China’s Gansu Province,” researchers said.
The system will be used in a hospital in Lanzhou, capital of Gansu, 57 is mainly devoted to treating cancer patients with the technology of heavy-ion accelerators.
Cancer radiation treatments 58 (employ) heavy-ion accelerators can attack 59 target with high-energy electrons (电子) to kill cancer cells.
Compared to traditional therapy (治疗) such as radiation, heavy ion treatment 60 (consider) to have more balanced properties with 61 (little) radiation on healthy cells. The treatment period is shorter, 62 the therapy could more 63 (effect) control cancer cells, according to Wang Xiaohu, deputy director of the Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital.
Researchers with the Institute of Modern Physics under the Chinese Academy of Sciences started basic research 64 the technology in 1993 and developed the accelerators in 2015.
A report published by the National Cancer Center in 2017 showed that China has nearly 25 percent of the world’s new cancer cases, with 10,000 cancer patients 65 (add) per day. Every year, there are two million cancer-induced deaths. Lung, breast and stomach cancers are the most common types.
六、书信写作（本大题共1小题，共15分）
66．假设你是校学生会主席，你校将于下周五举办主题为“环境保护”的系列活动。请写一份书面通知。内容包括：
1. 活动的目的、时间、地点和内容;
2. 欢迎大家来参加;
3. 注意事项。
注意：
1. 词数80左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节;以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：waste classification垃圾分类。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
七、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was cool and bright and just right for running. I was in the first few miles of a 10-mile race through some hills. Birds were singing on the trees. The soft wind was brushing my cheeks. I felt rested and springy. Despite the hills, I thought it was going to be a fine run.
Ahead was Blake, a student from Burke High School. He was running easily, too, moving along efficiently. The pace felt comfortable, so I decided to stay where he was; why bother concentrating on pace when Blake was such a nice pacesetter for me I would overtake Blake later on when he used up energy.
So I ran closely behind him. The course headed north for five miles, wandered west for a mile, and then turned south again. The race was getting tougher. With three miles to go, it was beginning to be real hard work. My lungs were on fire, and legs felt like stone.
Blake overtook the boy in front of him. Apparently he knew the boy, for they exchanged a few words. Their brief communication worried me. Runners don’t chat during a race unless they feel really good, and Blake plainly was. There was still a noticeable bounce in his steps, but the springiness I had once possessed was gone.
Still, I was close enough to overtake Blake if he was tired, so I didn’t give up hope completely. We were approaching a hill, a mile from the finish line, so whatever happened on the hill would almost certainly determine who crossed it first.
As I moved up the hill, my attention wandered for a few minutes. When I looked up, Blake was moving away, first five yards, then ten, then more. There was no hope of catching Blake.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Suddenly Blake slowed and sat onto the ground painfully.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A reporter took a picture of this moving scene and posted it online.
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参考答案：
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A C B C A B B A A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 B C C A B A C C B A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D B B D C A B D C C
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 A D A D C B C F A E
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 B A C D B A D C A B
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 D C A B D
1．B
【原文】W: Do you want this bicycle M: Me For free W: Yeah. I was going to sell it for cheap before I leave town, but I couldn’t find anyone to buy it. And I don’t want to just leave it here in the apartment. M: Sure. That’d be great! I’ve wanted one for a while.
2．A
【原文】M: I’m not sure about this sentence in the contract is legal.
W: Let’s go through it together. It’s my job to explain these things to you, and ensure you’ re fully informed before making any decisions.
3．C
【原文】M: When will the construction of the new office be completed The project is behind schedule. We can’t move into the new office this year.
W: I’m upset about all the noise from the construction. It’s hard to get my work done.
4．B
【原文】W: Why are there so many teenagers on such a cold night
M: Don’t you know TFBOYS have come to our city They will give a concert. These are all their fans.
5．C
【原文】M: This tea set looks very special.
W: Yes. All my friends like it. It has been in my family for more than 100 years, and it’s said to have come from China.
6．A 7．B
【原文】M: Well, how do you feel now W: A bit cold, and my head aches terribly. I must have knocked it on the windscreen when my car went into the tree. M: Well, you’ve got a cut on your head. You were lucky that you had fastened your safety belt. Otherwise you could have been killed or hurt badly. W: I won’t have to stay in hospital, will I M: No, I think you’ll be well enough to go home. Nothing serious. The nurse will dress your wound, and then you’d better lie down and rest for half an hour at least. We’ll give you this medicine for the wound and some pain-killing pills.
8．B 9．A
【原文】M: You’ve got that literature exam next week, haven’t you
W: Yeah. On the morning of next Monday.
M: So how’s the revision going
W: I thought I’d be getting tired of it by now, but your suggestion that I should watch films of the books we have to study has made it more interesting and I understand the stories better.
M: That’s great to hear.
W: And usually just before an important exam just like this one I feel really worried about what could go wrong on the day. This time’s quite different, though.
M: I’m sure you’ll do really well on Monday morning. Good luck!
10．A 11．B 12．C
【原文】M: My father had always said it was because I was lazy. My brother said it was because my head was too heavy. My mother blamed my bad performance in school on my ancestors. As for me, I believed I was unlucky. In the eighth grade, for example, I was good at math. That’s why I liked video games — technical ones that you have to think about. Well, I stayed up late one night to finish a game that had taken me weeks to beat. In my enthusiasm, I had forgotten that there was a big math test the next day. Well, I won the game but failed the test. In the ninth grade, I started to become popular. Having so many friends meant less time for studying. But after I almost failed the 10th grade completely, I finally decided I needed to change something. I wanted the chance to go to college. That summer, I asked my parents to hire a private tutor. My parents were surprised because they had gotten used to disappointment. Of course, my brother just made fun of me as usual. He made me more determined to change. During the 11th grade, I exchanged my interest in video games for the enthusiasm for computer programming. The more I learned, the more I wanted to know. Because of the dramatic change I went through, I was even accepted into MIT. I changed my luck for good.
13．C 14．A 15．B 16．A
【原文】W: Hi, Jason.
M: Hi, Maria. You look excited. What’s up
W: I had an amazing day.
M: Really What happened
W: I was shopping down the Oxford Street when I saw a woman. She looked really familiar. I mean I was sure I knew her. She was bending down and looking around her for something.
M: What was she looking for
W: She was looking for her ring. Anyway, I found it for her. And when she got up, I realized it was Susan Hill, the famous actress.
M: You mean the Susan Hill in the Good Old Days You can’t be serious.
W: Believe it or not. Anyway, she was really grateful and she gave me a ticket to her new play. It’s worth 50 pounds.
M: Wow, that’s great.
W: I know, and she invited me to have dinner with her after the play with other actors.
M: You’re really lucky.
W: So are you. She said I can bring a friend.
M: Gosh! Thank you, Maria.
17．C 18．C 19．B 20．A
【原文】
Clara Barton was born on December 25th, 1821. When the Civil War began in 1861, she heard of stories of wounded soldiers. She felt she needed to do something to help them, so she urged people to donate bandages and medicine and delivered these supplies to the battlefield. Clara didn’t stop helping when the war was over. She led a group to search for missing soldiers. This group also worked to identify soldiers killed or missing. After four years of this work, Clara moved to Switzerland, where she first learned about a group called the Red Cross. This group worked to help people who were suffering during times of war. In 1873, Clara returned to the United States. In 1881 she started an American branch of the Red Cross. She served as its first president for over 20 years. As the result of Clara’s hard work and leadership, the Red Cross grew. Today, it also helps people suffering as a result of earthquakes, fires, floods, and other disasters. Clara Barton died on April 12, 1912, but her great contribution, the American Red Cross, lives on.
21．D 22．B 23．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了香港四个著名的艺术馆的基本信息，并向游客提供了它们的联系方式、地址和乘车方式。
21．细节理解题。根据四个美术馆介绍中“Address”一栏可知，“Art Museum, CUHK”位于“New Territories”，其余三家都是位于“Hong Kong Island”。故选D项。
22．细节理解题。根据第三部分Hong Kong Film Archive(香港电影资料馆)中“houses an enormous number of books, magazines, newspapers and audio-visual materials.”可知，这里馆藏有大量的有关香港电影发展的书籍、报纸、杂志等资料。因此如果你在寻找有关香港电影的书，你可以联系香港电影资料馆，其电话号为+852 2739 2139。故选B项。
23．推理判断题。根据University Museum & Art Gallery, HKU中“The museum houses over one thousand items of Chinese antiques, including bronzes and paintings.(博物馆收藏了一千多件中国古董，包括青铜器和油画。)”可知，该馆保存有中国画。因此，对于国画爱好者来说，这是一个参观的好地方。故选B项。
24．D 25．C 26．A 27．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了妈妈为老年人提供帮助的故事。父母的慷慨和对邻居的关心为作者树立了榜样。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Mom worked for the local Council on Aging as a housekeeper. She did many of the little things that allowed elderly people to stay in their own homes. Most of her clients (客户) got Meals on Wheels, a service in the 1970s.(妈妈在当地老龄委员会做管家。她做了很多小事，让老人可以呆在自己的家里。她的大多数客户都使用“送餐上门”服务，这是20世纪70年代的一项服务)”可知，作者的母亲在20世纪70年代靠为老人做家务谋生。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Most of her clients (客户) got Meals on Wheels, a service in the 1970s. They received a hot lunch and a cold snack to have later in the evening. This is really not very much food. Every evening Mom would make to-go meals on these mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil (铝箔纸), and then deliver them to the people who she knew didn’t get enough to eat.(在上世纪70年代，她的大多数客户都使用了的“送餐上门”服务。他们得到了一份热午餐和一份晚些时候吃的冷零食。这真的不是很多食物。每天晚上，妈妈都会用这些不匹配的盘子，上面盖着铝箔纸，做外带饭菜，然后把它们送到她知道吃不饱的人那里)”可推知，作者的母亲准备了外带餐是为帮助一些食物不够吃的客户，这是超出她职责范围的事情。故选C项。
26．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mom would make to-go meals on these mismatched plates covered with aluminum foil (铝箔纸), and then deliver them to the people who she knew didn’t get enough to eat.(每天晚上，妈妈都会用这些不匹配的盘子，上面盖着铝箔纸，做外带饭菜，然后把它们送到她知道吃不饱的人那里)”可知，作者的妈妈给食物不够吃的老人送外带饭菜，说明她心地善良，根据第三段中“It was about ten years before microwave ovens became common, so it was important that the food be on a plate that could be reheated in a regular oven. Instead of a cold sandwich and macaroni salad, Mom's clients dined on Beef Manhattans, pan-fried chicken or meatloaf, along with veggies and a piece of pie or cake.(大约十年后微波炉才开始普及，所以重要的是食物要放在可以在普通烤箱中再次加热的盘子里。妈妈的客户们吃的不是冷三明治和通心粉沙拉，而是牛肉曼哈顿、平底锅炸鸡或肉饼，外加蔬菜和一块派或蛋糕)”可知，妈妈在给老人送饭菜时，还考虑到食物烹饪的便利性和营养价值，说明她考虑周到的。故选A项。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whenever I look at it, I will always remember the lessons of unselfishness and caring for one’s neighbors that were modeled for me by my parents.(每当我看到它，我就会想起我父母给我树立的无私和关爱邻居的榜样)”可知，作者的父母对邻居的关爱为他树立了榜样，所以他也会像他的父母一样，为自己的社区做些好事。故选B项。
28．D 29．C 30．C 31．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，狗有复杂的情感，比如嫉妒和骄傲。
28．主旨大意题。分析文章内容，结合第一段内容“Dogs have complex emotions such as jealousy (嫉妒) and pride, according to a scientific research that throws new light on their relations with humans.”（根据一项科学研究，狗有复杂的情感，比如嫉妒和骄傲，这项研究为狗与人类的关系提供了新的线索。）可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，狗有复杂的情感，比如嫉妒和骄傲。“Dogs Can Be Jealous”意为“狗会嫉妒”，能够概括文章主要内容。故选D项。
29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Animal psychologists previously believed most animals lacked the “sense of self”, which is needed to experience secondary emotions such as jealousy, embarrassment or guilt. These emotions are more complex than instant reactions such as anger or joy.”（动物心理学家此前认为，大多数动物缺乏“自我意识”，这是体验嫉妒、尴尬或内疚等继发性情绪所必需的。这些情绪比愤怒或喜悦等即时反应更为复杂。）可知，此前动物心理学家认为大多数动物缺乏“自我意识”，而这正是产生复杂的情绪所必需的，例如嫉妒、尴尬或内疚等。由此可知，专家们过去认为大多数动物缺乏复杂的情感。故选C项。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第三段关键句“Professor Friederike Range, from the University of Vienna, has shown that dogs are jealous when they feel unfairly treated compared with other dogs.”（维也纳大学的Friederike Range教授指出，当狗感到与其他狗相比，受到不公平对待时，它们会嫉妒。）可知，当狗感觉到自己受到不公平待遇时，会嫉妒。“Dogs will get jealous if they find they are treated unfairly.”意为“如果狗发现自己受到不公平的对待，它们会嫉妒的。”符合文章描述的内容。故选C项。
31．词义猜测题。分析文章内容可知，画线单词所在句中“These”代指上文的“jealousy, embarrassment or guilt”，结合第一段内容“Dogs have complex emotions such as jealousy (嫉妒) and pride, according to a scientific research that throws new light on their relations with humans.”（根据一项科学研究，狗有复杂的情感，比如嫉妒和骄傲，这项研究为狗与人类的关系提供了新的线索。）可知，嫉妒属于复杂的情感，由此可知，画线单词所在句表达的是“这些情绪比愤怒或喜悦等即时反应更为复杂。”，“Complicated”意为“复杂的”，符合句意。故选A项。
32．D 33．A 34．D 35．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了根据研究，现有的科学教育没有做到教学生在不同学科之间建立联系，文章介绍了一项关于学生学到的知识与应用之间的研究以及研究的结果。
32．细节理解题。根据第一段“Despite all the efforts students make to graduate with a science major, research has shown that most college science courses provide students with only a fragmented (碎片化的) understanding of fundamental scientific concepts. The teaching method improves memorization of separate facts, proceeding from one textbook chapter to the next without necessarily making connections between them. (尽管学生们都在努力从理科专业毕业，研究表明，大多数大学理科课程对基本科学概念只提供给学生零散的理解。这种教学方法提高了对单独事实的记忆，从教科书的一个章节跳到下一个章节，而没有建立它们之间的必然联系。)”可知，根据研究，现有的科学教育没有做到教学生在不同学科之间建立联系。故选D。
33．细节理解题。根据第二段“To begin with, we interviewed 28 first-year college students majoring in sciences or engineering. All had taken both introductory chemistry and biology courses. (首先，我们采访了28名理工科的大一学生。所有人都学过化学和生物入门课程。)”可知，学生受访者有丰富的学术知识。故选A。
34．细节理解题。根据第三段“One activity explored the impacts of ocean acidification(酸化) on seashells. Here, the students were asked to use basic chemistry ideas to explain how the increasing level of carbon dioxide in sea water is affecting shell-building marine animals such as corals and oysters. (其中一项活动探讨了海洋酸化对贝壳的影响。在这里，学生们被要求用基本的化学概念来解释海水中二氧化碳含量的增加是如何影响珊瑚和牡蛎等造壳海洋动物的)”可知，海洋酸化的活动要求学生解释二氧化碳对海洋生物的影响。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So we also came away with evidence that our chemistry students at least would like to have the ability to have a deeper understanding of science and how to apply it. (因此，我们也有证据表明，我们的化学学生至少希望有能力对科学有更深入的理解，以及如何应用它)”可推断，作者从研究结果中看到了提高学生科学素养的潜力。故选C。
36．B 37．C 38．F 39．A 40．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，跑步是一种很好的锻炼，但是对身体要求高。作者就降低跑步受伤风险提出了五点建议。
36．根据下文各个段落的小标题“Take it easy(放松)”；“Listen to your body(倾听身体的声音)”；“Take good notes.(做好笔记)”；以及“Cross train.(交叉训练)”，可知此处要总说减少受伤的可能性的方法，之后进行分说，B选项“Here are five ideas to reduce the risk of injury.(这里有五个降低受伤风险的方法。)”引出了下文的减少受伤的方法，承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
37．根据空前“The body needs time to get used to increase in distance or speed.(身体需要时间来适应距离或速度的增加。)”可知，此空承接上文，一同说明不能跑得太快，太多的原因，C选项“Muscles and joints(关节) need time to recover.(肌肉和关节需要时间来恢复。)”说明了不能跑得太快，太多的原因，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。
38．根据空前“Most running injuries do not come unexpectedly (意外地).(大多数跑步损伤并非意外发生。)”；以及空后“They may include body aches, sore muscles (肌肉) and pain that does not go away.(它们可能包括身体疼痛、肌肉酸痛和无法消除的疼痛。)”可知，此空承上启下，F选项“Usually, there are warning signs.(通常，有警告征兆。)”引出下文的一些警告跑步损伤的一些征兆，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
39．空格处是本段的主题句，根据空后“There is no single best shoe for every runner. You should find the shoe that offers the best fit and support for your feet. More importantly, you should replace your shoes every 500 to 800 kilometers.(没有一双最好的鞋适合每个跑步者。你应该找到最适合你的鞋，为你的脚提供最佳支撑。更重要的是，你应该每隔500到800公里更换一次鞋子。)”可知本段在讨论要买双好跑鞋， A选项“Get good running shoes.(买双好跑鞋)”能够概括本段大意，可作为本段的主题句，故选A。
40．根据空前“They say, besides running, swimming, yoga, and riding a bicycle are good exercises.(他们说，除了跑步，游泳、瑜伽和骑自行车都是很好的锻炼。)”可知此处要总结性地表达这些运动对身体要求不高， E选项“These exercises are easier on the body.(这些练习对身体更容易)”说明这些运动对身体要求不高，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
41．B 42．A 43．C 44．D 45．B 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．B 51．D 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Thai Van Nguyen终其一生致力于解救穿山甲，让全世界了解穿山甲的苦难。
41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目前，四分之三的亚洲穿山甲物种处于极度濒危状态——对它们的肉、鳞片和血液的巨大需求使它们面临灭绝的威胁。A. significant重要的；B. endangered濒危的；C. valuable宝贵的；D. dangerous危险的。根据后文“heavy demands for their meat, scales, and blood”和“with extinction”可知，因为对穿山甲的肉、鳞片和血液的巨大需求，穿山甲物种处于极度濒危状态。故选B。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，四分之三的亚洲穿山甲物种处于极度濒危状态——对它们的肉、鳞片和血液的巨大需求使它们面临灭绝的威胁。A. threatened威胁；B. associated联系；C. matched匹配；D. compared比较。根据上文“heavy demands for their meat, scales, and blood”和后文“them with extinction”可知，对穿山甲的肉、鳞片和血液的巨大需求使它们面临灭绝的威胁。故选A。
43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，当他目睹邻居杀死一只小穿山甲时，一切都改变了。A. Therefore因此；B. Otherwise否则；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Moreover此外。结合上文“Thai Van Nguyen had been accustomed to seeing dead pangolins.”和下文“everything changed”可知，此处为转折关系，应用nevertheless。故选C。
44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，他拯救穿山甲的热情被点燃了。A. potential潜能；B. courage勇气；C. ability能力；D. passion热情。根据后文“to save pangolins was ignited”可知，此处指点燃了拯救穿山甲的热情。故选D。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道最大的挑战将是改变越南人民的思维方式和习惯。A. possibility可能性；B. challenge挑战；C. goal目标；D. risk风险。根据后文“shifting the mindset and habits of the Vietnamese people”可知，改变越南人民的思维方式和习惯是拯救这个物种最大的挑战。故选B。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了改变穿山甲的命运，Nguyen开始向公众宣传保护穿山甲的重要性。A. instruct教(育)；B. consult咨询；C. serve服务；D. prepare准备。根据后文“the public on the importance of pangolin conservation”和“education campaigns”可知，此处指Nguyen开始教育公众，向他们宣传保护穿山甲的重要性。故选A。
47．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的努力始于一系列的宣传和教育活动：他在同行评议的期刊上发表了研究成果，参加了国际研讨会，并制定了越南第一个重新引入和跟踪穿山甲的计划。A. applied to应用；B. counted on指望；C. took up拿起；D. began with以……开始。根据上文“Nguyen set out to__6___the public on the importance of pangolin conservation”和下文“a series of outreach and education campaigns”可知，Nguyen开始向公众宣传保护穿山甲的重要性，从一系列的宣传和教育活动开始。故选D。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，它已经设法恢复并释放了近500只穿山甲，并扩大了对海龟等其他物种的救援。A. trap困住；B. farm耕种；C. restore恢复；D. relieve缓解。根据后文“and release nearly 500 pangolins”可知，此处指这个组织先让穿山甲恢复，再释放穿山甲。故选C。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，它已经设法恢复并释放了近500只穿山甲，并扩展到拯救其他物种，比如海龟。A. expanded扩大；B. reduced减少；C. hurried匆忙；D. turned转弯。根据后文“to rescue other species like turtles”可知，组织还救援海龟，也就是扩展了拯救动物的范围。故选A。
50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，Nguyen继续他的工作，成立了越南第一个反偷猎部队，摧毁了9701个动物陷阱，逮捕了558名偷猎者，导致越南的非法活动大幅减少。A. scheduled安排；B. continued继续；C. suspended暂停；D. developed发展。根据后文“creating Vietnam’s first-ever anti-poaching unit”可知，Nguyen成立了越南第一个反偷猎部队，也就是他继续了他的工作。故选B。
51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年，Nguyen继续他的工作，成立了越南第一个反偷猎部队，摧毁了9701个动物陷阱，逮捕了558名偷猎者，导致越南的非法活动大幅减少。A. advance前进；B. result结果；C. revival复兴；D. decline减少。根据上文“destroyed 9,701 animal traps, and arrested 558 people”可知，Nguyen成立了越南第一个反偷猎部队，摧毁了9701个动物陷阱，逮捕了558名偷猎者，这就会导致越南的非法活动大幅减少。故选D。
52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nguyen终其一生致力于解救穿山甲，让全世界了解穿山甲的苦难。A. seeking寻找；B. raising筹集；C. freeing释放；D. studying学习。此处呼应上文“release nearly 500 pangolins”，指Nguyen终其一生致力于释放穿山甲，故选C。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Nguyen终其一生致力于解救穿山甲，让全世界了解穿山甲的苦难。A. sufferings苦难；B. contributions贡献；C. sacrifices牺牲；D. experiences经历。根据上文“heavy demands for their meat, scales, and blood”，“Nguyen set out to___6__ the public on the importance of pangolin conservation”和“bringing global awareness of pangolins’”可知，人们对穿山甲的肉、鳞片和血液有巨大的需求，Nguyen让公众了解保护穿山甲的重要性，并Nguyen终其一生致力于解救穿山甲，这样他让全世界了解了穿山甲的苦难。故选A。
54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我最大的快乐是我真的能有所作为。”A. fortune运气；B. difference差异；C. living生计；D. choice选择。根据上文“make a”以及他的事迹可知，他对保护穿山甲做出了贡献，make a difference表示“有影响”。故选B。
55．考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是这种奉献精神，最终为他赢得了2021年的为草根行动主义而设的Goldman环保奖。A. particularly尤其；B. primarily基本地；C. naturally自然地；D. eventually最终。根据后文“won him the Goldman Environmental Prize”可知，他得奖是最终的结果，因此空格处是“最终”。故选D。
56．operation 57．which 58．employing 59．a 60．is considered 61．less 62．and 63．effectively 64．into/on 65．added
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国研究人员开发了一种用于癌症放射治疗的重离子医用加速器，它可以更好地控制癌细胞，治疗癌症。
56．考查名词。句意：研究人员表示：“中国研究人员开发的重离子癌症治疗系统将很快在中国西北部的甘肃省投入使用。” 分析可知，into 为介词，之后应接名词形式，put sth. into operation, 固定搭配，意为“使某物起作用”。故填operation。
57．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：该系统将用于甘肃省省会兰州市的一家医院，该医院主要致力于用重离子加速器技术治疗癌症患者。分析可知，__2___ is mainly devoted to treating cancer patients with the technology of heavy-ion accelerators 应是之前名词 a hospital的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
58．考查非谓语。句意：使用重离子加速器的癌症放射治疗可以用高能电子攻击目标杀死癌细胞。分析可知，句中谓语动词为can attack，所填动词应是非谓语作之前名词“cancer radiation treatments”的后置定语，且与其之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填employing。
59．考查冠词。句意：使用重离子加速器的癌症放射治疗可以用高能电子攻击目标杀死癌细胞。target，意为“目标”，可数名词，之前应用不定冠词作限定词。故填a。
60．考查时态和被动。句意：与传统治疗如放疗相比，重离子治疗被认为具有更平衡的特性，对健康细胞的辐射更少。分析可知，所填空为句中谓语部分，结合文章时态为一般现在时，且动词与主语之间为被动关系，应用be done结构。故填is considered。
61．考查形容词比较级。句意：与传统治疗如放疗相比，重离子治疗被认为具有更平衡的特性，对健康细胞的辐射更少。分析可知，结合句中的“more”提示本句含有比较含义。故填less。
62．考查连词。句意：甘肃省肿瘤医院副院长王晓虎表示，这种疗法的疗程更短，而且可以更有效地控制癌细胞。分析可知，前后句为并列递进关系，可用并列连词and连接。故填and。
63．考查副词。句意：甘肃省肿瘤医院副院长王晓虎表示，这种疗法的疗程更短，而且可以更有效地控制癌细胞。分析可知，所填空应是副词修饰句中谓语“control”。故填effectively。
64．考查介词。句意：中国科学院现代物理研究所的研究人员于1993年开始了这项技术的基础研究，并于2015年开发了加速器。分析可知，“对……的研究”，research into/on sth/sb。故填into/on。
65．考查with复合结构。句意：国家癌症中心2017年发布的一份报告显示，中国的新增癌症病例占全球的近25%，每天新增1万名癌症患者。分析可知，所填空应with 复合结构：with sb./sth+v-ing/done。动词add 与之前名词cancer patients之间为被动关系。故填added。
66．Notice
To raise environmental awareness and promote sustainable development, a series of activities on environmental protection will be held in our school on March 24th next Friday.
The highlight of this event is the lecture given by Professor Zhang, who will talk about climate change, pollution and clean energy. Apart from that, films addressing various environmental issues will be on show. Furthermore, students can enter a quiz competition regarding waste classification and win a prize.
Anyone who is interested is welcome. Please be on time for the lecture.
Students’ Union
【导语】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就学校下周五举办主题为“环境保护”的系列活动。请写一份书面通知。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
提高：raise → improve/develop
促进，激励：promote → encourage/stimulate
演讲：lecture → speech
解决：address → deal with
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Apart from that, films addressing various environmental issues will be on show.
拓展句：Apart from that, films which address various environmental issues will be on show.
67． Suddenly Blake slowed and sat onto the ground painfully. Then I hurried up and ran up to him, only to find that his leg was cramping. I tried to help him stand and move forward, but he refused. He asked me to run after the others so that I could get the first place. I thought for a second and decided to accompany him for a rest. Then we ran slowly forward together. Although we ran slowly and were overtaken by others, I felt relaxed and we finally crossed the finish line together.
A reporter took a picture of this moving scene and posted it online. During the time, the photo got a lot of likes. Many strangers sent the emails to praise me about the incident. In fact, I was a little hesitant at the beginning, but the moment I decided to help Blake, I felt calm and relaxed. I’m happy that I did the right thing.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加跑步赛跑，一开始跑的很轻松，后来遇到Blake，决定和他一起跑，但是后来作者想超过他，所以作者紧紧地跟在他后面跑，但是越跑越困难，但是作者仍然没有放弃希望，继续追赶他。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，布莱克慢了下来，痛苦地坐在地上。”可知，第一段可描写Blake腿抽筋，我决定帮助他和他一起跑向终点。
②由第二段首句内容“一位记者拍下了这动人的一幕，并把它传到了网上。”可知，第二段可描写作者受到很多人的赞扬，非常开心自己做了一件正确的事情。
2.续写线索：帮助——陪着一起走——到达终点——受到赞扬——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.加快：hurry up/ hasten
②.跑向：run up to /run to
③.追赶：run after /catch up with
情绪类
①.感到轻松：feel relaxed/ feel comfortable
②.平静的：calm / peaceful

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