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英语名词的复数变化规则讲义及练习
一、英语名词复数的变化规则
1. 在名词的末尾加上 "s"，形成复数：
- 单数: book（书）-I have a book.
复数: books（书籍）-I have some books.
注意：当可数名词作单数使用时，冠词要用a/an；当作复数使用时，相应会有some, many, a lot等表示数量“>1”的数量词进行修饰。
这一点也在我的文章里有提及：可数名词VS不可数名词 不熟悉的话可以进行学习
- 单数: car（汽车） 复数: cars（汽车）
- 单数: house（房子） 复数: houses（房屋）
- 单数: pen（笔） 复数: pens（笔）
- 单数: table（桌子） 复数: tables（桌子）
2. 以 "s," "x," "z," "sh," 或 "ch" 结尾的名词，在末尾加上 "es"，形成复数：
- 单数: box（盒子） 复数: boxes（盒子）
- 单数: bus（公共汽车） 复数: buses（公共汽车）
- 单数: quiz（测验） 复数: quizzes（测验）
- 单数: dish（盘子） 复数: dishes（盘子）
- 单数: church（教堂） 复数: churches（教堂）
3. 对于以 "辅音字母 + y" 结尾的名词，将 "y" 变为 "ies"：
- 单数: baby（宝宝） 复数: babies（宝宝们）
- 单数: city（城市） 复数: cities（城市）
- 单数: party（聚会） 复数: parties（聚会）
- 单数: puppy（小狗） 复数: puppies（小狗们）
- 单数: story（故事） 复数: stories（故事）
4. 对于以 "元音字母 + y" 结尾的名词，直接在末尾加上 "s"：
- 单数: boy（男孩） 复数: boys（男孩们）
- 单数: day（天） 复数: days（天数）
- 单数: key（钥匙） 复数: keys（钥匙）
- 单数: toy（玩具） 复数: toys（玩具）
- 单数: journey（旅程） 复数: journeys（旅程）
5. 以 "f" 或 "fe" 结尾的名词，将 "f" 或 "fe" 变为 "ves"：
- 单数: leaf（叶子） 复数: leaves（叶子）
- 单数: knife（刀） 复数: knives（刀具）
- 单数: half（一半） 复数: halves（一半们）
- 单数: life（生命） 复数: lives（生命）
- 单数: wolf（狼） 复数: wolves（狼们）
请注意，名词复数形式有时有例外和特殊规则，我们需要注意一些名词复数形式是不规则的，需要单独记忆。
二、以下是一些常见的不规则复数名词：
不规则变化
1. 单数：man（男人） 复数：men（男人们）
2. 单数：woman（女人） 复数：women（女人们）
3. 单数：child（孩子） 复数：children（孩子们）
4. 单数：foot（脚） 复数：feet（脚）
5. 单数：tooth（牙齿） 复数：teeth（牙齿）
6. 单数：mouse（老鼠） 复数：mice（老鼠）
7. 复数：goose（鹅） 复数：geese（鹅）
单复数同形：
deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese， species，means等
一个物体由2部分构成：
如glasses，trousers，clothes等，此时若要表示件数，需要借助特定的量词进行搭配，如a pair of glasses一副眼镜；two pairs of glasses两幅眼镜
以s结尾，仍为单数的名词：
如：maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为单数不可数名词；
Maths is difficult for me to learn. 数学对我来说很难
the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数；
The United States is going to pose a higher tax. 美国即将加税
Exercise
Exercise 1、Give the plural of the following nouns.
1.candy 2.tax 3.hero 4.roof 5.way
6.wife 7.photo 8.match 9.thief 10.bus
11.leaf 12.potato 13.key 14.house 15.proof
16.country 17.box 18.piano 19.story 20.half
21.man 22.mouse 23.foot 24.sheep 25.person
26.goose 27.fish 28.child 29.woman 30.ox
31.pen 32.class 33.city 34.road 35.ray
36.fox 37.buzz 38.dish 39.chair 40.mango
41.branch 42.toy 43.knife 44.tooth 45.lion
46.dictionary 47.bush 48.Englishman 49.belief 50.deer
Exercise 2、Complete the gaps with the noun in plural.
1.My are tired after the long walk. (foot)
2.The are in the park. (child)
3.The are so sweet. (baby)
4.I have a lot of at home. (photo)
5.Please put the toys back in the . (box)
6.She has two at home. (dog)
7.The are yellow. (leaf)
8.There are three on the table. (apple)
9.Andrew has many at home. (shirt)
10.There are several in the sky. (bird)
11.There are two in the corner. (mouse)
12.Are these your on the table (key)
13.We have four on Monday. (class)
14.Look! There are two . (fox)
15.David and Kevin’s are at work. (wife)
16.The are in the yard. (puppy)
17.Where are my (toy)
18.These are sharp. (knife)
19.How many do you have (tooth)
20.The are green. (bush)
21.I have a lot of . (dress)
22.How many are in the house (window)
23.Rachel has a vacation in five . (day)
24.These are beautiful. (butterfly)
25.My are friendly and helpful. (neighbor)
26.There are two outside. (woman)
27.There are seven in the bowl. (banana)
28.She has fifty in her collection. (scarf)
29.Lily has two on her wrist. (watch)
30.Cut this apple into two . (half)
Exercise 3 Give the plural of the nouns and make other necessary changes.
1.That boy is my nephew.
2.This blanket is mine.
3.This dog is dangerous.
4.That bird is beautiful.
5.This story is interesting.
6.That branch is broken.
7.This postcard is from my uncle.
8.This lady is a teacher.
9.That leaf is yellow.
10.This comb is hers.
11.This is a piano.
12.That is a teacher.
13.That is a thief.
14.This is a box.
15.This is a wolf.
16.That is a dish.
17.This is a star.
18.That is a man.
19.That is a coin.
20.This is a quiz.
21.This is a cherry.
22.That is a tomato.
23.That is a boy.
24.This is a child.
25.That is a watch.
26.This is a fox.
27.This is a photo.
28.That is a shop.
29.This is a leaf.
30.That is a computer.
参考答案
Exercise 1、Give the plural of the following nouns.
1.candies2.taxes3.heroes4.roofs5.ways6.wives7.photos8.matches9.thieves10.buses
11.leaves12.potatoes13.keys14.houses15.proofs16.countries17.boxes18.pianos19.stories
20.halves21.men22.mice23.feet24.sheep25.people26.geese27.fish28.children
29.women30.oxen31.pens32.classes33.cities34.roads35.rays36.foxes37.buzzes38.dishes
39.chairs40.mangoes41.branches42.toys43.knives44.teeth45.lions46.dictionaries
47.bushes48.Englishman49.beliefs50.deer
Exercise 2、Complete the gaps with the noun in plural.
1.feet2.children3.babies4.photos5.boxes6.dogs7.leaves8.apples9.shirts10.birds
11.mice12.keys13.classes14.foxes15.wives16.puppies17.toys18.knives19.teeth20.bushes21.dresses22.windows23.days24.butterflies25.neighbors26.women27.bananas28.scarves29.watches
30.halves
Exercise 2. Give the plural of the nouns and make other necessary changes.
1.Those boys are my nephews.
2.These blankets are mine.
3.These dogs are dangerous.
4.Those birds are beautiful.
5.These stories are interesting.
6.Those branches are broken.
7.These postcards are from my uncle.
8.These ladies are teachers.
9.Those leaves are yellow.
10.Those combs are hers.
11.These are pianos.
12.Those are teachers.
13.Those are thieves.
14.These are boxes
15.These are wolves.
16.Those are dishes.
17.These are stars.
18.Those are men.
19.Those are coins.
20.These are quizzes.
21.These are cherries.
22.That is a tomato.
Those are tomatoes.
23.Those are boys.
24.These are children.
25.Those are watches.
26.These are foxes.
27.These are photos.
28.Those are shops.
29.These are leaves.
30.Those are computers.

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