沪教版(2024)七年级英语上册Unit 4 The Earth(课件)(4份打包)

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

沪教版(2024)七年级英语上册Unit 4 The Earth(课件)(4份打包)

资源简介

(共16张PPT)
Unit 4
The Earth
Section 1 Experiencing and understanding language
一、构词法
英语构词方法主要有三种:即合成、派生和转化。
1、转化
①动词和名词之间的相互转化。有时意思变化不大,有时有一定的变化。
1) 动词转化为名词。
如:Shall we go out for a drive next Sunday
下个星期天咱们出去驱车旅行,好吗
(句中的drive由动词转化为名词,词意引申为“驱车旅行”)
I often go there for a walk. 我经常去那里散步。
(句中walk由动词转化为名词)
2) 名词转化为动词。
如:Have you booked your ticket 你的票订好了吗
(句中book由名词转化为动词,词意引申为“订购”)
Hand me your knife, please. 把刀递给我,谢谢。
(句中hand由名词转化为动词,词意引申为“递”)
②少部分形容词转化为动词。
如:The train slowed down to half its speed. 火车速度减慢了一半。
(句中slow由形容词转化为动词,词意引申为“减速”)
Don't dirty your clothes. 不要弄脏你的衣服
(句中dirty由形容词转化为动词,词意引申为“弄脏”)
③形容词和名词之间的相互转化。
如:The poor were not allowed to go into this park those days.
那时穷人不允许进入这个公园。
(句中poor由形容词转化为名词,词意引申为“穷人”)
They took the sick to hospital yesterday.他们昨天把病人带去了医院。
(句中sick由形容词转化为名词,词意引申为“病人”)
④有些词可以词形不变,只因重音变化而发生词类转化,有时词义也可能变化。
如: record[re k d]---动词   record [r k d]---名词  
2、派生
派生词是在一个单词前面加前缀或后面加后缀构成新词。
如:happy—unhappy (加前缀un-)
happy—happily (加后缀-ly)
①通过加前缀构成另一个词。
前缀一般不造成词类的转换,但能引起词义的变化。
前缀中有相当一部分可构成反义词。常用的前缀有:
前缀 意义 例词
dis- 不,相反的 dislike, disappear, dishonest
im- 不 impossible, impolite
mis- 错误的 misuse,misunderstand, mistrust
re- 重新,再次 rewrite,retell
super- 超级,上层 supermarket,superman
un- 不 unfair,unusual, unable, unlike
个别前缀也可以引起词类的变化,如:
en-可以和名词或形容词构成动词:
large(enlarge) able(enable) courage(encourage)
a-可以和名词构成形容词:
sleep(asleep)
out-可以和一些动词构成名词:
come(outcome) let(outlet) look(outlook)
②通过加后缀构成另一个词。后缀不仅能改变词义,也能改变词类。
1) 常用的构成名词的后缀:
后缀 意义 例词
-er 人,动作者 worker, singer, recorder, teacher
-or 人,动作者 actor, visitor
-ist 人,主义者 chemist, dentist
-ess 女性 actress, waitress
-hood 身份,状态 childhood
-ment 行为,动作,结果 movement, development
-ness 状态,性质 illness , happiness
-ion 动作,状态 discussion, organization
-th 状态 wealth, truth
-ese 人 Japanese, Chinese
-ian 人 musician, historian
-ship 状态 friendship, membership
2) 常用的构成动词的后缀:
后缀 意义 例词
-en 动词词尾 widen, strengthen, darken
-fy 动词词尾 beautify
3) 常用的构成副词的后缀:
后缀 意义 例词
-ly 副词词尾 slowly, happily, simply
-ward(s) 副词词尾 eastward(s), backward(s)
4) 常用的构成形容词的后缀:
后缀 意义 例词
-able ……的 agreeable, payable, readable
-an ……的 European, America , Canadian
-al ……的 political, musical
-en 由……制成 woolen, golden
-ful 充满的 careful, painful, hopeful
-ish ……的 foolish, Swedish
-less 没有的 careless, homeless, endless
-ly 充满,性质 friendly, lovely, motherly
-ous 有……的 famous, dangerous
-y 充满,性质 rainy, dirty, sunny, cloudy, sleepy
5) 数词后缀
后缀 意义 例词
-teen 十几 thirteen; fifteen; eighteen
-ty 几十 forty; fifty; ninety 
-th 第…… fifth; sixth; eighth
3、合成
将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起而构成的新词,叫做合成词。合成词在英语中比较活跃,广泛运用在涉及各个领域的语言文字中。常用的合成词的构成方法如下:
①合成动词常见的构成方法:
构成方法 例词
副词 + 动词 overcome, understand
形容词 + 动词 dry-clean, white-wash
名词 + 动词 typewrite, sleepwalk
② 合成形容词常见的构成方法:
构成方法 例词
形容词 + 名词 + -ed white-haired, warm-hearted, kind-hearted
形容词 + 现在分词 good-looking, easy-going
形容词 + 过去分词 ready-made, new-born
副词 + 现在分词 hard-working, well-meaning
副词 + 过去分词 well-known, newly-built
名词 + 现在分词 English-speaking, south-facing
名词 + 过去分词 man-made, water-covered
名词 + 形容词 snow-white, homesick
副词/形容词 + 名词 right-hand, full-time
数词 + 名词 100-meter, million-pound
数词 + 名词 + 形容词 180-foot-high, 10-year-old
数词 + 名词 + -ed four-legged, one-eyed
③ 合成名词常见的构成方法:
构成方法 例词
名词 + 名词 classroom, schoolgirl, weekend, bookshop
形容词 + 名词 highway, blackboard, hotdog, greenhouse
动词 + 副词 get-together, break-down
名词 + 动名词 handwriting, storytelling
副词 + 名词 outbreak, overcoat
动名词 + 名词 dining room, sleeping car, reading-room
④合成副词或代词。
如:maybe, forever, myself, whole-heartedly, however, everyone,
something
⑤有时一个名词可以构成许多合成词。
如:handbag, handball, handwriting, hand-made
Thank you(共16张PPT)
Unit 4
The Earth
Section 1 Experiencing and understanding language
Words
cloud
land
Words
the Earth
the Sun
Words
the sea
the solar system
The Earth
the sun
the sea
land
clouds
the solar system
hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百万), billion(十亿)
①与具体数字连用不加s,如:five hundred
②与of连用加s,如:thousands of
percent百分比
①无复数形式,如:70 percent
②与名词连用要加of,如:70 percent of students
事实档案
in fact事实上
as a matter of fact事实上
The Earth
the sun
the sea
land
clouds
the solar system
被动的构成:be + 动词的过去分词 (+ by),表示动作的被执行者
据我们所知
amaze, amazing和amazed
①amaze为动词
②amazing为形容词,通常主语为物
③amazed为形容词,通常主语为人
such as, like和for example
①such as和like后面节短语,如接动词,用动词ing
②for example后面接句子
some...some...others
一些...一些...另一些
北:north 南:south 西:west 东:east
东南:southeast(先说南北再说东西)
北边的:northern
东南边的:southeastern
长宽高深的表达
①基数词+单位+长宽高深的形容词,如:9 meters deep
②基数词+单位+ in + 长宽高深的名词,如:9 meters in depth
长 宽 高 深
形容词 long wide high deep
名词 length width height depth
在许多不同的方面
在世界上
表到达
①arrive后接in或者at, in接大
地点,at接小地点
②get后接to
③reach后直接接地点
as...as中间接原级
一粒米
be home to是...的家园
hundred(百), thousand(千), million(百万), billion(十亿)
①与具体数字连用不加s,如:five hundred
②与of连用加s,如:thousands of
other其他的,
后接名词;
others其他人
和,遵循就远原则
单复同行:deer, sheep, fish
fish表个数时,单复同行,表类别时可数
从...到...
使役动词:let, make, have
①使役动词后接动词原形
②make + 形容词,表让...变得怎么样
名词+ly变形容词,
形容词加ly变副词
形容词修饰名词,
副词修饰动词和形容词
并且
provide sb. with sth.
provide sth. for sb.
照顾(look after)
随堂练习:
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.There are three __________ (hundred) students on the playground.
2.There are __________ (hundred) of people in the restaurant.
3.65 __________ (percent) of children __________(play) computer games.
4.Twenty __________ (percent) of the water _______(be) covered with ice.
5. The door ____________________ (open).
hundred
percent
is
was opened
hundreds
play
percent
二.翻译:
1.他对这本有趣的书感兴趣。
He is interested in the interesting book.
2.我们学校有900名学生。
There are nine hundred students in our school.
3.百分之五十的水都被汤姆喝了。
Fifty percent of the water was drunk by Tom.
4.地球大概70%都被海洋覆盖。
About 70 percent of the Earth is covered by the sea.
Thank you(共16张PPT)
Unit 4
The Earth
Section 2 Exploring and applying rules
There be句型
There be 句型结构表示“某地或某时间存在某物”。 there 是引导词, 本身无实际意义; be 是谓语动词, 真正的主语是 be 后面所接的名词。
注意:There be句型遵循就近原则,即be动词与
离它最近的主语保持一致
1. 当主语是单数时,其谓语动词采用__________形式。
2. 当主语是复数时,则谓语动词采用___________形式。
3. 如果 There be句型后的主语是几个名词时,则根据
第一个名词的数确定 be 的形式,即就近原则。
如:There is an apple and two bananas.
There are two bananas and an apple.
单数
复数
4. there be 句型的肯定句、否定句和疑问式, 其句式变化见下表:
(1) 肯定式: There + be+主语+其它.
如:There are some books on the table.
(2) 否定式: There + be+ not+主语+其它.
如:There are any books on the table.
注:在一般疑问句和否定句中,要用any 替换掉肯定句中的some。在肯定句中,要把any改成some。
(3) 一般疑问句及其回答: Be+ there+主语+其它?
Yes, there+ be. / No, there +be+ not.
(3) 一般疑问句及其回答: Be+ there+主语+其它?
如:Are there any books on the table
Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
5. There be 句型 常常用how many 或how much 提问的特殊疑问句。
如:How many students in your school 你学校有多少学生?
There are two thousand students in our school.
我学校有两千个学生。
★★There be 结构与 have 的区别。
(1)从结构上讲
①have 前必须有主语,
如:I have some interesting books.
我有一些有趣的书。
②there be结构的主语在谓语 be 的后面,
如:There are some interesting books on the desk.
书桌上有一些有趣的书。
(2)从意义上讲,两者都可译为“有”,
①have 表示“所有、占有”关系,即表示“某人有某物”。
如:Peter has a basketball.
皮特有一个篮球。
② there be 结构表示“存在”关系,即表示“某地/某时存在某物”。
如:There are two apples on the table.
桌子上有两个苹果。
(3)some 和 any在 there be 句型中的运用:
①some 用于肯定句
如:There is some bread.
②any 用于否定句或疑问句
如:There isn’t any bread.
Is there any bread
(4)and 和 or 在 there be 句型中的运用:
①and 用于肯定句
如:There is an apple and a banana on the table.
桌子上有一个苹果和一个香蕉。
②or 用于否定句或疑问句
如:Is there an apple or a banana on the table.
桌子上有苹果还是香蕉?
综合练习:
一、用is或are填空。
1.There________many monkeys in the mountain.
2.There_________a beautiful garden in our school.
3.There _________some water in the glass.
4.There __________some bread on the table.
5. _________there any maps on the wall
are
is
is
is
Are
二、单项选择
1.There ______ a book and three pencils on the desk.
A. be    B. is    C. are    D. am
2.There ______ any books on your desk.
A. aren’t    B. isn’t    C. don’t    D. doesn’t
3.______ _______ apples are there on the table There are four.
A. How much    B. How many  
C. How large    D. How big
4.______ ________ milk is there in the bottle There is little.
A. How many    B. How old  C. How far    D. How much
5.______ less milk in this bottle than in that one.
A. There have B. There has C. There is D. There are
6.There isn’t ______ food in the fridge.
A. some B. an C. a D. any
三.句型转换
1. There is some water in the bottle.
否定句:
一般疑问句:
特殊疑问句:
2. There are many apples in the box.
否定句:
一般疑问句:
特殊疑问句:
There isn’t any water in the bottle.
Is there any water in the bottle.
How much water is there in the bottle
There are not many apples in the box.
Are there many apples in the box.
How many apples are there in the box.
四、改写句子
1. There are some cars and buses on the street. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ there _______ cars or buses on the stress
2.Is there a pay phone across from the library (做否定回答)
No, _______ ________ .
3. There is a piece of paper on the table. (改为一般疑问句)
______ there ______ piece of paper on the table
Are
there
isn’t
Is
a
any
四、改写句子
4. There are two pay phones in the neighborhood. (改为否定句)
There ________ two pay phones in the neighborhood
5. There are 15 children in our class. (对划线部分提问)
_______ ______ children _______ _______ in your class
aren’t
How
many
are
there
Thank you(共13张PPT)
Unit 4
The Earth
Section 3 Expressing and communicating ideas
/ɑ:/
长元音,口腔打开,嘴张大,舌身放平,舌尖不抵下齿,下巴放低,轻松发音。
car(小汽车),art(艺术),bath(洗澡)
/ /
短元音,嘴唇微微张开伸向两边,
舌尖轻触下齿,唇后部稍稍抬起。
color(颜色),lucky(幸运的),love(爱)
/ :/
长元音,双唇收得小而圆,并向前突出,舌身往后缩。
sort(种类),talk(谈话)
ball(球,舞会)
/ /
短元音,口腔打开,嘴张大,
舌向后缩,双唇稍收圆。
lock(锁),hot(热的)
/ /
短元音,嘴唇张开略向前突出,嘴形稍收圆并放松些。
good(好的),could(能够),should(应该)
/u:/
长元音,嘴形小而圆,微微外凸,
舌头尽量后缩。
move(移动),spoon(汤勺),room(房间)
/k/
key
sick
/ki /
/s k/
/g/
glue
ghost
/ɡlu /
/ɡ st/
常见发/ɑ:/的字母和字母组合
①字母a: fast ask
②字母ar,al: car half
常见发/ /的字母和字母组合
①字母o, u: son love cup fun
②字母ou: young enough
常见发/ :/的字母和字母组合
字母or, al, ar, au, aw, oor, our 等:
for ball warm autumn draw door pour
常见发/ /的字母和字母组合
①字母 o: box lot
②字母 a: wash want
常见发/u:/的字母和字母组合
①字母o或u: lose ruler
②字母oo, ue, ui, oe 等: food blue juice shoe
常见发/ /的字母和字母组合
①字母o或 u: woman put
②字母ou,oo等: could book
Writing
The Earth is a beautiful planet. There are many high mountains, blue seas and beautiful rivers. The beautiful planet is our only home.
Writing
However, we are harming the Earth in some ways. For example, there is water pollution. Some sea animals are dying because of plastic pollution.
Writing
We only have one Earth, so we have to protect it. Here are some things we can do to protect the Earth. On the one hand, factories stop pollutiong rivers and lakes. On the other hand, we can bring our own shopping bags to the supermarket.
Homework
Step 1:
Write down the information that you want to show in your article.
Step 2:
Organize your information.
Step 3:
Write your article.
Thank you

展开更多......

收起↑

资源列表