通用版小学英语小升初专题复习--基数词与序数词用法 知识梳理+专项练习(含答案)

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通用版小学英语小升初专题复习--基数词与序数词用法 知识梳理+专项练习(含答案)

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基数词与序数词用法 知识梳理与专项练习
知识梳理
定义:
数词分为基数词和序数词。基数词:表示数目的多少,序数词:表示顺序的数词。
基数词:
1-12: 独立单词,单独记。
one: two; three: four: five: six: seven: eight: nine: ten: eleven: twelve
13-19: 以teen结尾,13、15、18特殊。
thirteen; fourteen; fifteen; sixteen: seventeen; eighteen; nineteen
20-90: 整十数以ty结尾,20、40、50、80特殊。
twenty; thirty ; forty; fifty; sixty; seventy; eighty; ninety
21-91:由十位数 加个位数 1-9构成,中间须有连字符“-”
例:23 twenty-three,46 forty -six.
百位数:1-9加hundred再加and再加十位数和个位数。
例:142 one hundred and forty-two , 305 three hundred and five.
千位数:1-9加thousand后面的百、十、个位数构成方法同前。
注意:hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词,也不能在它们的后面加s.
例:200 two hundred,8百万 eight million.
1000 one thousand 2000 two thousand
5600 five thousand six hundred
3537 three thousand five hundred and thirty-seven
基数词的用法:
定语
例:Fifty thousand London dockers are out on strike.
主语:数词作主语,谓语动词用单数
例:Three weeks is quite a long time.
宾语或介词宾语
例:-How many do you want -Nine, please.
表语
例:Five plus six is eleven.
同位语
例:Is there room for us two
基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词
例:a three-year-old girly一个三岁的女孩;
序数词:
由基数词转变而来。
一般在基数词后加th
例:six-sixth,four-fourth,thirteen-thirteenth
不规则变化
one-first two-second three→third five-fifth eight→eighth
nine→ninth twelve→twelfth
以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th
例:twenty→twentieth, forty→fortieth, ninety→ninetieth
从二十一后的"几十几“直至”几百几十几"或”几千几百几十几“只将个位的基数词变为序数词。
例:twenty-first, two hundred and forty-fifth
序数词有时用缩写形式
例:first----1st,twenty-second-------22th
序数词用法:
作定语,前面一般要加定冠词(或物主代词)
例:Tom is their second son.
有时前面可以加一个不定冠词来表示"再一”,“又一"这样的意思
例:We'll have to do it a second time.
First, second等有时可用来表示“第一个人(批)““第二个人“等
例:I will be the second to speak.
专项练习
一、用所给数字的正确形式填空,不可直接写阿拉伯数字!
1. There are ____________ (26)students in the classroom.
2. My brother lives on____________ (28) floor.
3. Today is Tom's____________ (12) birthday.
二、单项选择。
1. Thirty-six divided by_________ is six.
A. thirty B. six C. forty-two
2. -What is three times six plus two
- It's _________.
A. sixteen B. eighteen C. twenty
三、填空完成句子。
1. This is my_________ (three) book.
2. She finished the race in_________ (two) place.
3. The_________ (five) month of the year is May.
4. We have_________ (twenty) students in our class.
5. He was the_________ (one hundred) person to sign up for the event.
四、选择正确的词填空。
1. I have _________apple. (one, first)
2. She is the _________student to arrive.(two, second)
3.They celebrated their _________ wedding anniversary. (five, fifth)
4. The_________ day of the week is Friday. (five, fifth)
5. There are________ days in a week.(seven, seventh)
答案
1. twenty- six
此题的句意是"在这个教室里有26个学生",提示词"26"表示学生的数量。所以要用基数词twenty-six
2. the twenty-eighth
此题关键词是floor,住在第几楼,要用序数词,twenty-eighth的序数词是twenty-eighth,且序数词前面一定要加冠词the
3. twelfth
此题的句意是”今天是Tom的第十二个生日",twelve的序数词是twelfth.注意:当序数词前有名词所有格时,不加the
二、
1.B divided by的意思是除以,所以答案是B
2.C此题的句意是"三乘以6,再加上2等于几 运算可得,答案是C.
三、
1. third
句意:这是我的第三本书,表示顺序,要用序数词。
2. second
表示顺序,要用序数词。
3. fifth
表示顺序,要用序数词。
4. twenty
此题的句意是"在我们的教室里有20个学生","20"表示学生的数量。所以要用基数词twenty
5. one hundredth
表示顺序,要用序数词。
四、one ;second;fifth;fifth;seven

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