资源简介 中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台知识过关第四讲 语法Unit 1重点语法(复合不定代词)some any no everybody(指人) somebody某人 anybody 某人/任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每人one(指人) someone 某人 anyone 某人/任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人thing(指物) something 某事 anything 某事/任何事 nothing 没有东西 everything 每一件事·①形容词和动词不定式放复合不定代词的后面,something special / interesting/new·②复合不定代词在举手作主语,谓语动词用三单形式/单数is·③some-相关用于肯定句,any-相关用于否定 / 疑问句 (注意:疑问句中表示请求及邀请用some)Unit 2重点语法(频度副词)模糊频率副词以下些词都是表示事情发生频率的副词,也是不准确地说某事在一段时间内发生的次数。always 总是 usually 通常 often 经常sometimes 有时 hardly ever 几乎 never 从来不以上几个频度副词所表示的频度,从高到低为:always(100%)→usually →often →sometimes →hardly ever →never(0%)精确的频率副词以下这些频率副词可以准确地表达事情发生的频率。一次 once 两次 twice 三次 three times四次 four times 五次 five times 六次 six times注意:在记忆时,我们只要记住once(一次)和twice(二次)就可以了。其他发生次数只要用“数字+times”来表达就可以了。1.在句子中,频度副词常放在实意动词前面,be动词、情态动词和助动词后面。例如:He always helps others.他总是帮助别人。2.对句子中频度副词进行提问,用“How often”。*【拓展】与how有关的短语:how far (距离)多远; how long (时间)多长; how many多少 (接可数名词的复数形式);how much多少(接不可数名词);how soon (时间)多久后(事情还要过多久才发生);how old (年龄)多大Unit 3重点语法(形容词和副词的比较级)形容词 / 副词的比较级特殊用法 (存在于两者之间)比较级+than 表示“...比...” the+比较级,the+比较级 表示“越来越...”as…原级…as… ....和…一样 not so / as…原级…as… ...不如…程度词(much, even, still, a little, a lot)+比较级;注意:不能用very, so, too, quite“比较级+and+比较级”意为“越来越…”。多音节比较级用“more and more+形容词原级”形式。fatter and fatter 越来越胖 more and more important 越来越重要unit4重点语法(形容词和副词的最高级)形容词/副词的最高级的特殊用法(三者或以上)前有the,后有范围(of the three, in… among…)one of the +最高级+名词复数,‘最……之一’他是我们班最好的学生之一He is one of the best students in our class.当最高级前面有物主代词或名词所有格时,不加定冠词theTom is Lucy’s best friend. / Tuesday is her busiest day.the + 序数词 +最高级,‘第几…’用比较级表示最高级含义比较级 + than + any other +名词单数 / 比较级 + than + the other +名词复数约翰是班里最高的男生。 John is taller than any other boy in the class. =John is the tallest boy in the class注意:形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略Unit 5重点语法(动词不定式)动词不定式(肯定结构: to+动词原形 ;否定结构: not+to+动词原形 )是一种非谓语形式,在句子中可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、表语等。接不定式作宾语的常用动词Eg.Tina decided to go to Hainan for her holiday.蒂娜决定去海南休假。He’s learning to dance.他正在学跳舞。一、单项选择1.I’m sorry, but I don’t agree ________ you.A.for B.on C.with2.What are you going to be when you ________ A.grow up B.make up C.get up D.pick up3.—How did you spend Halloween, Bob —Haha, I ________ as a superman successfully.A.took up B.dressed up C.played a role D.made up4.—How are you going to be an astronaut, Jenny —I’m going to ________.A.play basketball often B.practice drawing picture C.study space engineering D.study medicine really hard5.My grandpa _________ a new hobby—fishing, after he left the college.A.set up B.put up C.took up D.gave up6.It’s not enough to just listen to the teacher carefully in class. You should ________ something important.A.make up B.cut down C.write down7.Not only Peter but also his cousins ________ going to climb the hill next Sunday.A.are B.is C.were D.was8.I’m going to take up a ________ like painting in summer.A.service B.sport C.culture D.hobby9.—Sam, how did you know the time of the train to Hangzhou —I got the _______ from the Internet.A.question B.activity C.program D.information10.—Excuse me! Can you help me with the ________ of “wonderful” —Sure, it’s W-O-N-D-E-R-F-U-LA.spelling B.meaning C.pronunciation11.—There ________ two football games if the rain stops tomorrow.—Really That’s great.A.will have B.are going to be C.is going to be12.—What’s your dream, Maria —My dream is to be a ________ because I hope I can fly a plane one day.A.pilot B.policewoman C.postman13.— What is Ted going to be when he ________ — He is going to be a musician.A.stays up B.gets up C.grows up14.—Must I ________ the project today —No. You can finish it tomorrow.A.discuss B.share C.complete D.invent15.Mike ________ to meet us tonight. But to our surprise, he didn’t come at all.A.ordered B.promised C.challenged16.Look at the sentences here, please ________ in your notebook.A.write down it B.write it downC.write them down D.write down them17.—Mr Li, the team from Suzhou is very strong. I’m afraid we can’t win the match.—Never mind. Believe ________, children. You are the best.A.ourselves B.themselves C.yourself D.yourselves18.Look, they are ________ Huawei Mate 60. With it, they can chat on the Internet from all all parts of the world.A.talking B.chatting C.discussing D.looking19.—I always do some reading before sleeping.—That’s a good ________.A.habit B.record C.question D.suggestion20.—A simple __________ of kindness can help others out and make ourselves feel good.—Yeah. So we should give others a hand as much as possible.A.action B.habit C.act D.hobby21.My grandmother is a good storyteller and she ________ many popular magic stories.A.made up B.took up C.dressed up22.There ________ a talk show in the theater this weekend. Would you like to go there with me A.is going to have B.is going to be C.will have23.—May I know your age —Sorry, I don’t want to answer the question. It’s ________.A.true B.personal C.wonderful24.— What did you do in your English class today — Mr. Brown asked us to ________ a story about a trip to the moon.A.dress up B.make up C.grow up25.Jack always does his homework carefully to ________ there are no mistakes.A.find out B.think of C.look out D.make sure26.We shouldn’t only think of ourselves, and we should ________ others.A.depends on B.agree with C.take care D.care about27.—Jack, do you know when the train leaves —Sorry, I don’t. But you can get the ________ you need on the Internet.A.story B.number C.question D.information28.Don’t ask the foreign teacher any ________ questions. It is impolite.A.healthy B.personal C.wonderful D.comfortable29.—I won’t have time to go shopping with you tomorrow.—But you ________ me yesterday, mom.A.ordered B.knew C.promised D.expected30.My brother is a ________. His job is to take care of people’s teeth.A.reporter B.pianist C.dentist D.scientist二、语法选择请通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,根据语法和上下文连贯的要求,从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案。This weekend I plan a dream day. I will get up very late. After I wash my face, I am going out 31 morning exercises. At about 8:20 a.m., after I eat my breakfast, I am going to a shopping center 32 my mother. The shopping center is near our home, so we will walk there. It 33 us about 20 minutes to get there on foot. The shopping center 34 a good name. It is called “胖东来百货” in Chinese. It doesn’t have 35 English name. Can you help to put it into English It is new 36 big. There are many things there such as TVs, fridges, bikes, computers, clothes, books, food and drinks. There are men and women, old and 37 . Parents must look after 38 children. The shopping center is big. Young children may get lost in it. 39 do many people come here to buy things Do you know Let me tell you. The things there are good and cheap. The workers there are nice and friendly. 40 you come to my home, I can take you there and have a look.31.A.do B.to do C.doing32.A.for B.to C.with33.A.will take B.takes C.took34.A.have B.had C.has35.A.the B.a C.an36.A.and B.but C.so37.A.small B.smaller C.young38.A.theirs B.their C.them39.A.What B.Who C.Why40.A.Because B.If C.Before三、短文填空I have a dream. That is I’m going to be 41 artist when I grow up.You know I 42 (begin) to draw pictures 43 a very young age. When I grow 44 , I’m going somewhere 45 (interest). Paris sounds like a city that I can enjoy. There are a lot of famous 46 (paint) and art exhibitions every year.So how am I going to do it First, I’m going to get a part-time job for a year 47 two and save some money. Then I’m going to be a student at an art college in Paris. 48 I’m going to hold art exhibitions that will make me famous and rich. I’ll travel all over the world 49 the money. I hope my dream 50 (come) true one day.A resolution is a kind of 51 . We usually make resolutions at the 52 of the year. We hope to 53 our lives. Some resolutions are about 54 health. Many resolutions have to do 55 self-improvement. Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a 56 plan for 57 . 58 there are differences, most resolutions have one thing 59 common. People hardly ever keep them! Sometimes the resolutions may be 60 difficult 61 keep. Sometimes people just forget about them.参考答案:题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10答案 C A B C C C A D D A题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20答案 B A C C B C D C A C题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30答案 A B B B D D D B C C题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40答案 B C B C C A C B C B1.C【详解】句意:对不起,我不同意你说的。考查介词用法。for为;on关于,在……上;with带着,和。根据“I’m sorry,”可知,空处指我不“同意”你。agree with sb.表示“同意某人”,为固定搭配。故选C。2.A【详解】句意:当你长大时打算做什么?考查动词短语。grow up长大;make up构成;get up起床;pick up拿起。根据“What are you going to be...”可知,询问你打算做什么工作,可推测此处是当你长大时,grow up表示“长大”符合语境。故选A。3.B【详解】句意:——你是怎么度过万圣节的,鲍勃? ——哈哈,我成功地打扮成超人了。考查动词短语。take up占据;dress up穿衣打扮;play a role扮演角色;make up编造,组成。根据“Halloween”和“as a superman”可知,他在万圣节装扮成超人。故选B。4.C【详解】句意:——珍妮,你打算如何成为一名宇航员?——我打算学习航天工程。考查动词短语。play basketball often经常打篮球;practice drawing picture练习绘画;study space engineering学习航天工程;study medicine really hard认真学习医学。根据“How are you going to be an astronaut, Jenny ”可知,打算成为一名宇航员,应该学习航天工程。故选C。5.C【详解】句意:我爷爷大学毕业后开始了一项新的爱好——钓鱼。考查动词短语。set up建立;put up张贴;took up开始从事;gave up放弃。根据“a new hobby”可知,是指开始从事新的爱好。故选C。6.C【详解】句意:仅仅在课堂上认真听老师讲课是不够的。你应该写下一些重要的东西。考查动词短语。make up组成; cut down削减;write down写下。根据“It’s not enough to just listen to the teacher carefully in class. You should…something important.”可知,在课堂上不仅要认真听,而且也要写下重要的东西。故选C。7.A【详解】句意:下周日,不仅彼得而且他的堂弟们也要去爬山。考查主谓一致。not only...but also连接主语时,遵循就近原则,最近的主语cousins是复数,根据时间状语next Sunday可知用一般将来时,be going to中的be动词用are。故选A。8.D【详解】句意:我打算在夏天培养一种爱好,比如画画。考查名词辨析。service服务;sport运动;culture文化;hobby爱好。take up a hobby“开始从事一项业余爱好”。故选D。9.D【详解】句意:山姆,你怎么知道去杭州的火车的时间?——我从网上得到的信息。考查名词辨析。question问题;activity活动;program程序;information信息。结合“I got the...from the Internet.”可知,这里是指从网上得到的信息。故选D。10.A【详解】句意:——打扰一下!你能帮我拼写一下“wonderful”这个词吗?——当然,它是W-O-N-D-E-R-F-U-L。考查名词辨析。spelling拼写;meaning意思;pronunciation发音。根据回答中的字母提示,可知此处询问单词的拼写。故选A。11.B【详解】句意:——如果明天雨停了,将有两场足球比赛。——真的吗?太好了。考查there be结构的将来时。此处表示“将有”,是there be结构的将来时there will be/there be going to be,主语是名词复数,be动词用are。故选B。12.A【详解】句意:——玛丽亚,你的梦想是什么?——我的梦想是成为一名飞行员,因为我希望有一天我能开飞机。考查名词辨析。pilot飞行员;policewoman女警察;postman邮递员。根据“because I hope I can fly a plane one day.”可知,是希望有一天能开飞机,所以是当飞行员。故选A。13.C【详解】句意:——当Ted长大后打算干什么?——他打算当一名音乐家。考查动词短语辨析。stay up熬夜;get up起床;grow up长大。根据“He is going to be a musician.”可知,应是在他长大的时候,故选C。14.C【详解】句意:——我今天必须完成这个项目吗?——没有。你明天可以完成它。考查动词辨析。discuss讨论;share分享;complete完成;invent发明。根据“You can finish it tomorrow.”可知此处是询问必须要今天完成这个项目吗。故选C。15.B【详解】句意:迈克答应今晚和我们见面。但令我们惊讶的是,他根本没来。考查动词辨析。ordered命令;promised许诺;challenged挑战。根据“But to our surprise, he didn’t come at all.”可知,这里是迈克承诺今晚和我们见面。故选B。16.C【详解】句意:看看这里的句子,请把它们写在笔记本上。考查动副短语以及代词辨析。it它;them它们。write down写下,是动副短语,代词要放在中间。”sentences“是复数形式,代词用them,故选C。17.D【详解】句意:——李先生,来自苏州的队伍很强大。恐怕我们赢不了这场比赛。——没关系。相信自己,孩子们。你是最棒的。考查代词辨析。ourselves我们自己;themselves他们自己;yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己。根据“Believe...children”可知是要相信你们自己,用反身代词yourselves。故选D。18.C【详解】句意:看,他们在讨论华为Mate 60。有了它,他们可以从所有的地方在互联网上聊天。考查动词。talking谈论,是不及物动词;chatting聊天,是不及物动词;discussing讨论,不及物动词;looking看,是不及物动词。此处接宾语Huawei Mate 60,用及物动词,故选C。19.A【详解】句意:——我总是在睡觉前读书。——那是一个好的习惯。考查名词辨析。habit习惯;record记录;question问题;suggestion建议。根据“I always do some reading before sleeping.”可知,睡觉前读书是一个良好的习惯,故选A。20.C【详解】句意:——一个简单的善举可以帮助别人,让自己感觉良好。——是的。所以我们应该尽可能地帮助别人。考查名词辨析。action行动;habit习惯;act行为;hobby爱好。根据“A simple...of kindness”可知是一个简单的善举能帮助别人,此处指具体的动作,用act。故选C。21.A【详解】句意:我的祖母是一个很好的讲故事的人,她编了很多流行的魔术故事。考查动词短语辨析。made up编造;took up占用、开始从事;dressed up打扮。根据句中“magic stories”可知,空处指编了很多魔术故事,故选A。22.B【详解】句意:这个周末剧院将有一场脱口秀。你想和我一起去吗?考查there be句型的一般将来时。根据“this weekend”可知,时态用一般将来时,空前是there,此处是there be结构,there be句型的一般将来时的结构为there will be和there is/are going to be,主语为a talk show是单数。故选B。23.B【详解】句意:——我可以知道你的年龄吗?——抱歉,我不想回答这个问题。这是私人的。考查形容词辨析。true正确的;personal个人的;wonderful精彩的。根据“May I know your age ”可知,年龄是个人的问题。故选B。24.B【详解】句意:——你今天在英语课上做了什么?——布朗先生要我们编一个去月球旅行的故事。考查动词短语。dress up打扮;make up编造;grow up长大。根据“a story about a trip to the moon”可知,此处指编造一个去月球旅行的故事。故选B。25.D【详解】句意:杰克总是认真地做作业,以确保没有错误。考查动词短语辨析。find out查明;think of认为;look out小心;make sure确保。根据“Jack always does his homework carefully to ... there are no mistakes.”可知,是为了确保没有错误,故选D。26.D【详解】句意:我们不应该只想着自己,我们应该关心别人。考查动词短语。depend on依靠;agree with同意某人的看法;take care小心;care about关心。根据“We shouldn’t only think of ourselves, and we should...others”可知不能只想着自己,应该关心别人。故选D。27.D【详解】句意:——杰克,你知道火车什么时候开吗?——对不起,我不知道。但是你可以在网上得到你需要的信息。考查名词辨析。story故事;number数字;question问题;information信息。根据“But you can get the ... you need on the Internet.”可知,在网上可以查到火车出发的相关信息。故选D。28.B【详解】句意:不要问外教任何私人问题。这是不礼貌的。考查形容词辨析。healthy健康的;personal私人的;wonderful精彩的;comfortable舒适的。根据“It is impolite.”可知,问外国朋友私人问题是不礼貌的行为。故选B。29.C【详解】句意:——我明天没有时间和你一起去购物。——但你昨天答应过我的,妈妈。考查动词辨析。ordered命令;knew知道;promised承诺,答应;expected期待。根据“go shopping with you tomorrow.”和“me yesterday, mom.”可知,明天一起去购物是妈妈昨天答应的事情,故选C。30.C【详解】句意:我哥哥是一名牙医。他的工作是照顾人们的牙齿。考查名词辨析。reporter记者;pianist钢琴家;dentist牙医;scientist科学家。根据“His job is to take care of people’s teeth.”可知,哥哥是一名牙医。故选C。31.B 32.C 33.B 34.C 35.C 36.A 37.C 38.B 39.C 40.B【导语】本文主要介绍了作者周末去购物中心的事情,详细介绍了该购物中心的情况。31.句意:洗完脸后,我将要出去晨练。do做,动词原形;to do动词不定式;doing动名词或现在分词。空处在句中表目的,用不定式形式。故选B。32.句意:上午8点20分左右,吃完早餐后,我准备和我妈妈一起去购物中心。for为了;to到;with和。根据“I am going to a shopping center ... my mother”可知,是指和妈妈一起去购物中心,with sb“和某人一起”。故选C。33.句意:我们步行到那里大约需要20分钟。will take将花费,一般将来时;takes动词三单;took动词过去式。此处描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时。故选B。34.句意:这个购物中心有一个好名字。have有,动词原形;had动词过去式或过去分词;has动词三单。本句描述事实,时态用一般现在时,主语是三单,动词用三单。故选C。35.句意:它没有英文名字。the表特指;a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头单词前;an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素开头单词前。此处泛指一个英文名,且English是元音音素开头的单词,用an表示。故选C。36.句意:它又新又大。and和;but但是;so所以。根据“new ... big”可知,两者是并列关系,用and连接。故选A。37.句意:有男人和女人,老人和年轻人。small小的;smaller更小的;young年轻的。此处应填与old相对应的词,young符合。故选C。38.句意:父母必须照顾好他们的孩子。theirs他们的,名词性物主代词;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;them他们,宾格代词。空处修饰名词children,用形容词性物主代词。故选B。39.句意:为什么很多人来这里买东西?What什么;Who谁;Why为什么。根据“The things there are good and cheap. The workers there are nice and friendly.”可知,是在解释人们来这买东西的原因,因此此处是问原因。故选C。40.句意:如果你来我家,我可以带你去看看。Because因为;If如果;Before在……之前。根据“you come to my home, I can take you there and have a look.”可知,前句是后句的条件,用if引导条件状语从句。故选B。41.an 42.began 43.at 44.up 45.interesting 46.painters/paintings 47.or 48.Next 49.with 50.will come【导语】本文介绍了作者的梦想是什么,以及她/他将如何实现自己的梦想。41.句意:那就是我长大后要成为一名艺术家。根据“artist”是可数名词单数,且以元音音素开头可知,此处要用不定冠词an表示泛指。故填an。42.句意:你知道我很小的时候就开始画画了。根据“a very young age”可知,时态为一般过去时,动词begin应用过去式began。故填began。43.句意:你知道我很小的时候就开始画画了。at a very young age“很小的时候”,固定短语。故填at。44.句意:等我长大了,我要去一个有趣的地方。grow up“长大”,固定搭配。故填up。45.句意:等我长大了,我要去一个有趣的地方。分析句子结构可知,此处修饰“somewhere”,指物,应用interesting“有趣的”。故填interesting。46.句意:每年都有很多著名的画家/绘画和艺术展览。根据“a lot of famous”可知,此处要用paint的名词形式;painter“画家”/painting“绘画”,均符合语境;a lot of后接可数名词复数。故填painters/paintings。47.句意:首先,我要找一份兼职工作一两年,存一些钱。根据“a year ... two”可知,此处表示选择关系,应用连词or“或者”。故填or。48.句意:接下来我要举办艺术展览,这将使我出名和富有。根据上文“First”和“Then”可知,此处应该是next“接下来”,句首首字母大写。故填Next。49.句意:我将带着钱环游世界。根据“I’ll travel all over the world... the money.”可知,此处指用挣得的钱环游世界,应用介词with。故填with。50.句意:我希望有一天我的梦想会成真。根据“one day”可知,时态应用一般将来时,结构为will do。故填will come。51.promise 52.beginning 53.improve 54.physical 55.with 56.weekly 57.schoolwork 58.Although 59.in 60.too 61.to【导语】本文介绍了决心是什么,它的类型以及人们很难遵行自己许下的决心。51.句意:决心是一种承诺。根据课文原文“Do you know what a resolution is It’s a kind of promise.”可知,决心是一种的诺言;promise“承诺,诺言”,名词;空前有不定冠词a,名词用单数。故填promise。52.句意:我们通常在年初立下新年决心。at the beginning of“在……的开始”,固定短语。故填beginning。53.句意:我们希望改善我们的生活。根据课文原文“We hope we are going to improve our lives”可知,我们希望改善我们的生活,improve“改善,提高”,动词;hope to do sth.“希望做某事”。故填improve。54.句意:有些新年决心是关于身体健康的。根据“health”可知,此处指身体健康;physical health表示“身体健康”。故填physical。55.句意:许多新年决心都与自我提升有关。have to do with“与……有关”,固定短语。故填with。56.句意:有些决心与更好的计划有关,比如为学校作业制定每周计划。根据课文原文“Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork.”可知,此处指周计划,应用形容词weekly,修饰名词plan。故填weekly。57.句意:有些决心与更好的计划有关,比如为学校作业制定每周计划。根据课文原文“Some resolutions have to do with better planning, like making a weekly plan for schoolwork.”可知,此处指为学业制定周计划;schoolwork“学校作业”,不可数名词。故填schoolwork。58.句意:尽管存在差异,但大多数新年决心都有一个共同点。根据“...there are differences, most resolutions have one thing ... common.”和课文原文可知,前后句是让步关系,应用although引导让步状语从句,although位于句首,首字母大写。故填Although。59.句意:尽管存在差异,但大多数新年决心都有一个共同点。have... in common“有……共同之处”,固定短语。故填in。60.句意:有时这些决心可能会太难而无法遵行。根据“ People hardly ever keep them! ”和“Sometimes people just forget about them.”可知,有时决心很难遵行;too...to“太……而不能”,固定结构。故填too。61.句意:有时这些决心可能会太难而无法遵行。too...to“太……而不能”,固定结构。故填to。知识梳理拒绝、选择和同意(refuse,choose,agree)期望、决定和学习(expect,decide,learn)宁可、假装和计划(prefer,pretend,plan)希望、想要和愿意(wish,hope,want,would like)+to +动词原形基础巩固专项练习HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览